DOCSLIB.ORG

Pfass and Alternatives in Food Packaging (Paper and Paperboard): Report on the Commercial Availability and Current Uses

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pfass and Alternatives in Food Packaging (Paper and Paperboard): Report on the Commercial Availability and Current Uses PFASs and alternatives in food packaging (paper and paperboard): Report on the commercial availability and current uses Series on Risk Management No. 58 1 Series on Risk Management 0 No. 58 PFASs and Alternatives in Food Packaging (Paper and Paperboard) Report on the Commercial Availability and Current Uses PUBE Please cite this publication as: OECD (2020), PFASs and Alternatives in Food Packaging (Paper and Paperboard) Report on the Commercial Availability and Current Uses, OECD Series on Risk Management, No. 58, Environment, Health and Safety, Environment Directorate, OECD. Acknowledgements: The OECD would like to acknowledge the drafting of a consultancy report by Steve Hollins of Exponent International Ltd. upon which this report is based. It was prepared under the framework of the OECD/UNEP Global PFC Group and included the contribution of information by several organisations (see Annex A). The report is published under the responsibility of the OECD Joint Meeting of the Chemicals Committee and the Working Party on Chemicals, Pesticides and Biotechnology. © Photo credits: Cover: Yuriy Golub/Shutterstock.com © OECD 2020 Applications for permission to reproduce or translate all or part of this material should be made to: Head of Publications Service, [email protected], OECD, 2 rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France ABOUT THE OECD 3 About the OECD The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental organisation in which representatives of 36 industrialised countries in North and South America, Europe and the Asia and Pacific region, as well as the European Commission, meet to co-ordinate and harmonise policies, discuss issues of mutual concern, and work together to respond to international problems. Most of the OECD’s work is carried out by more than 200 specialised committees and working groups composed of member country delegates. Observers from several countries with special status at the OECD, and from interested international organisations, attend many of the OECD’s workshops and other meetings. Committees and working groups are served by the OECD Secretariat, located in Paris, France, which is organised into directorates and divisions. The Environment, Health and Safety Division publishes free-of-charge documents in twelve different series: Testing and Assessment; Good Laboratory Practice and Compliance Monitoring; Pesticides; Biocides; Risk Management; Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology; Safety of Novel Foods and Feeds; Chemical Accidents; Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers; Emission Scenario Documents; Safety of Manufactured Nanomaterials; and Adverse Outcome Pathways. More information about the Environment, Health and Safety Programme and EHS publications is available on the OECD’s World Wide Web site (www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/). This publication was developed in the IOMC context. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views or stated policies of individual IOMC Participating Organizations. The Inter-Organisation Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC) was established in 1995 following recommendations made by the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development to strengthen co-operation and increase international co- ordination in the field of chemical safety. The Participating Organisations are FAO, ILO, UNDP, UNEP, UNIDO, UNITAR, WHO, World Bank and OECD. The purpose of the IOMC is to promote co-ordination of the policies and activities pursued by the Participating Organisations, jointly or separately, to achieve the sound management of chemicals in relation to human health and the environment. TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 Table of Contents Executive summary .................................................................................................................... 7 List of abbreviations ................................................................................................................... 9 Chapter 1. Background ............................................................................................................ 11 1.1. Aim and scope of the study .............................................................................................. 11 1.2. Methodology .................................................................................................................... 13 Chapter 2. Commercial availability and market trend ........................................................ 15 2.1. Overview of the market and trend in the use of PFAS and non-fluorinated alternatives in food packaging/wrapping ....................................................................................................... 15 2.2. The function of PFASs and their alternatives in food packaging .................................... 18 2.3. PFAS used in food packaging .......................................................................................... 19 2.4. Physical alternatives without PFAS ................................................................................. 21 2.5. Chemical alternatives without PFAS ............................................................................... 24 Chapter 3. Efficacy of alternatives.......................................................................................... 27 3.1. The relative performance of identified alternatives ......................................................... 27 Chapter 4. Uptake and market penetration of alternatives.................................................. 33 4.1. Overview of the market for food contact paper and board materials ............................... 33 4.2. Market share of alternatives and geographical spread ..................................................... 33 4.3. Challenges to substitution and the anticipated time frame for the substitute/ non-chemical alternative to completely eliminate the use of PFASs ............................................................ 34 4.4. Drivers for development of alternatives and increasing their market share..................... 37 Chapter 5. Status of the shift to alternatives and its sustainability ..................................... 39 Chapter 6. Policy recommendations and areas for further work ........................................ 41 6.1. Recommendations for government authorities and international organisations .............. 41 6.2. Recommendations for industry associations and specific sectors of industry ................. 41 Chapter 7. Uncertainties and limitations of this report ........................................................ 43 References ................................................................................................................................. 45 Annex A. Contributors of Information to this Report .......................................................... 49 Annex B. Overview of the regulation of PFAS (fluorinated compounds) and alternatives in paper and board food packaging in the OECD ................................................................. 50 Tables Table 1. Physical and chemical alternatives to PFAS paper and board used in food packaging based on grease and water barrier performance identified in this study. ........................... 23 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table 2. Comparison of grease and water performance of commercially available alternatives to long-chain PFAS ................................................................................................................ 29 Table 3. Comparison of the costs of alternatives used in paper and board food packaging ....... 30 Table 4 Listing of alternatives in the US FDA and German BfR systems ................................ 37 Table A A.1. Contributors of Information to this Report ........................................................... 49 Table A B.1. Overview of the regulation of PFAS (fluorinated compounds) and alternatives in paper and board food packaging in the OECD ................................................................... 51 Figures Figure 1. Common examples of food packaging where grease and water resistance are required ............................................................................................................................... 16 Figure 2. Structural difference between natural greaseproof paper and PFAS-treated paper as shown by scanning electron microscopy. ........................................................................... 23 Figure 3. The value chain for food packaging ............................................................................ 30 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 Executive summary This report addresses the commercial availability and current uses of alternatives (chemical and non-chemical) to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in food packaging(paper and paperboard). The work was conducted within the framework of the OECD/UNEP Global Perfluorinated Chemicals (PFC) Group. The study is based on reviewed publicly available information from worldwide sources, including from the OECD/UNEP Global PFC Group members and additional stakeholders. The review has been supplemented by in-depth discussions with key players from the value chain for food packaging. The report is based upon a data set which includes information from PFAS producers, non-fluorinated alternative producers and publicly available literature. The findings of this work are as follows. Short-chain (SC) PFAS and non-fluorinated alternatives to long-chain (LC) PFAS1 are available on the global market and can be used to produce paper
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effects of Moisture on the Biaxial Strength of Wood-Based Composites
    EFFECTS OF MOISTURE ON THE BIAXIAL STRENGTH OF WOOD-BASEDCOMPOSITES J. C. Suhling* J.M. Considine ** K. C. Yeh* * Department of Mechanical Engineering Auburn University Auburn, AL36849-5341 ** U.S.D.A. Forest Products Laboratory One Gifford Pinchot Drive Madison,WI 53705-2398 ABSTRACT applications such as corrugated containers where it is subjected to complicated biaxial stress states, In the present work, the effects of moisture on including shear. At present, lack of accurate the biaxial strength of wood-based composite materials constitutive relations and reliable strength has been examined. Experiments have been performed on predictions under biaxial loading and variable paperboard to measure the uniaxial and biaxial input environments hampers analysis of such problems. parameters of the tensor polynomial criterion at Therefore, it has been common practice in the paper several levels of relative humidity. With these data, industry to use trial and error, and empirical the dependence of the zero shear biaxial failure approaches for optimizing the designs of paperboard envelope on humidity level has been predicted and products. The current lack of technology limits trends have been observed. creative design improvements which could curtail the excess use of materials and energy. Accurate predictions of material strength under 1. INTRODUCTION general biaxial normal loading plus shear are needed by the design engineer when considering typical Unlike laminated fiber-reinforced composite structural applications of paperboard. Examples of materials, paper (paperboard) is a multiphase important current applications where biaxial stress composite composed of moisture, fibers, voids, and states exist in paperboard include the quality control possibly chemical additives. The fibers in paperboard burst test (bulged plate), material handling are typically organic with cellulose fibers from wood operations during the papermaking process, and stacked being the chief material.
    [Show full text]
  • Module 3 Online Quiz
    IAHCSMM CCSVP Vendor Education Program Module Three Assembly and Packaging Introduction: • Once items have been decontaminated and made safe to handle, they are assembled and packaged. While this may sound simple, it is a multi-step process that requires several technical skills. • This module is designed to provide you with an overview of the inspection, assembly and packaging processes. Objectives: • Upon completion of this module, you will be able to: – List the steps in instrument inspection and assembly – Explain the impact that positioning and placement of instruments has on sterilization processes – Identify common packaging methods – List factors that can impact assembly and packaging outcomes Instructions • Read Chapters 10, 11 and 12, in the IAHCSMM Central Service Technical Manual, Eighth Edition, 2016. • Review this module. • Complete the online quiz for Module Three . Central Service Technicians… …are responsible for the quality of instruments. Instrument Manufacturing • Forging • Note: Instruments are • Grinding and Milling inspected throughout • Assembly their manufacturing process. • Heat Tempering • Polishing • Passivation • Final Inspection • Etching Passivation A chemical process applied during instrument manufacture that provides a corrosion-resistant finish by forming a thin transparent oxide film. Reminder: • Be sure to watch the Instrument Manufacturing Process Video from “How It’s Made” that accompanies this unit. Post-operative Care of Surgical Instruments • Keep instruments moist. Do not allow blood to dry on
    [Show full text]
  • Guidelines for the Design and Construction Of
    Guidelines for the Design and Construction of Stormwater Management Systems Developed by the New York City Department of Environmental Protection in consultation with the New York City Department of Buildings July 2012 Michael R. Bloomberg, Mayor Carter H. Strickland, Jr., Commissioner Cover: An extensive green roof system installed atop the NYC Department of Parks and Recreation’s (DPR) Five Borough Building on Randall’s Island. This modular system is one of six variations installed on the roof and covers 800 square feet, con- sisting of two-foot by two-foot trays with six inches of mineral soil and over 1,500 sedum plugs. DPR has installed 25 green roof systems covering over 29,000 square feet on the Five Borough Building rooftop to feature different types and depths of growing medium and plant selection. Dear Friends; The NYC Green Infrastructure Plan, released in September 2010, proposed an innovative ap- proach for cost-effective and sustainable stormwater management. A major part of this plan is our commitment to manage the equivalent of an inch of rainfall on ten percent of the impervious areas in combined sewer watersheds by 2030. To that end, DEP is prepared to spend $1.5 bil- lion to construct green infrastructure projects across the city. Yet public investment alone will not achieve our water quality goals, or our desired recreation and development opportunities. Some of the most cost-effective opportunities are represented by new construction and devel- opment, when stormwater source controls can be easily included in designs and built at a frac- tion of the cost of retrofitting existing buildings.
    [Show full text]
  • FDA Compliance and Printing Inks Often Printers Have Questions
    FDA Compliance and Printing Inks Often Printers have questions concerning the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and compliance of the inks used to print on food packaging applications. The FDA permits the use of inks (e.g. solvent base, water base and UV) as components of food packaging under certain conditions. Several items must be understood before one can determine if a printing ink is suitable for use on food packaging applications: “Direct Food Additives” are substances directly and intentionally added to foods, including, but not limited to, ingredients, preservatives, colors and stabilizers. “Indirect Food Additives” generally refer to substances that are not intended to, but can become, components of food as a result of use in articles that contact food (e.g. ink on food packaging applications). Both “Direct and Indirect Food Additives” require complex petitions and filings with the FDA that can be very costly, burdensome and time consuming. Nazdar inks are not designed to be and are not approved as Direct or Indirect Food Additives. However, if an ink on food packaging applications is not expected to become a component of the food under its intended conditions of use, it is not a food additive by definition and, therefore, may be used without the need to obtain any FDA clearance. A properly conducted migration study is considered to be a sound basis for concluding that the substance is not a food additive. This study should be performed in accordance with FDA’s guidance document, entitled; Preparation of Food Contact Notifications and Food Additive Petitions for Food Contact Substances: Chemistry Recommendations https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/guidance-industry- preparation-premarket-submissions-food-contact-substances-chemistry Another method of concluding that a substance is not a food additive is the use of a functional barrier.
    [Show full text]
  • Cardboard and Brown Paper Bags Office Paper, Newspaper, Junk Mail, Magazines, and Catalogs
    Recycling Center 801 Diamond Valley Drive Open: Daily to the public during daylight hours This guide will help you properly prepare your recyclable materials for drop-off at the Town of Windsor Recycle Center. This is a drop-off facility. It does not have a buy-back option and is for use by residents and small businesses. Following this information will help maintain the facility and the recycling program for the benefit of the community. IMPORTANT… • Do not leave your recyclables in plastic bags. Plastic bags are NOT recyclable! • The plastic item must be a BOTTLE or JAR. with a #1 or #2 on the bottom. • 99 percent of these will have a screw-on plastic lid (which isn’t recyclable). • Plastic containers with a #3 - #7 on the bottom are NOT acceptable. • Tubs, buckets, deli plates, microwave/fast food trays, wrappers, Styrofoam, toys, patio furniture, etc. are NOT acceptable. • Plastic bottles larger than 2.5 gallons are NOT acceptable. • Syringes and other medical supplies are NOT acceptable. Cardboard and Brown Paper Bags Corrugated cardboard is easy to recognize. It is made of paper and has an arched layer called “fluting” between smooth sheets called “liners”. The drop-off site has two 40-yard hydraulic compactor units for collecting corrugated cardboard and brown paper bags. The compaction system is self-activated by depositing the prepared materials into a six-inch tall slot. Flatten boxes. Cut or tear large boxes into sections no larger than 4 feet by 4 feet to prevent jamming the machine. No wet, waxed-coated or food-contaminated boxes.
    [Show full text]
  • Tate Report 08-09
    Tate Report 08–09 Report Tate Tate Report 08–09 It is the Itexceptional is the exceptional generosity generosity and and If you wouldIf you like would to find like toout find more out about more about PublishedPublished 2009 by 2009 by vision ofvision individuals, of individuals, corporations, corporations, how youhow can youbecome can becomeinvolved involved and help and help order of orderthe Tate of the Trustees Tate Trustees by Tate by Tate numerousnumerous private foundationsprivate foundations support supportTate, please Tate, contact please contactus at: us at: Publishing,Publishing, a division a divisionof Tate Enterprisesof Tate Enterprises and public-sectorand public-sector bodies that bodies has that has Ltd, Millbank,Ltd, Millbank, London LondonSW1P 4RG SW1P 4RG helped Tatehelped to becomeTate to becomewhat it iswhat it is DevelopmentDevelopment Office Office www.tate.org.uk/publishingwww.tate.org.uk/publishing today andtoday enabled and enabled us to: us to: Tate Tate MillbankMillbank © Tate 2009© Tate 2009 Offer innovative,Offer innovative, landmark landmark exhibitions exhibitions London LondonSW1P 4RG SW1P 4RG ISBN 978ISBN 1 85437 978 1916 85437 0 916 0 and Collectionand Collection displays displays Tel 020 7887Tel 020 4900 7887 4900 A catalogue record for this book is Fax 020 Fax7887 020 8738 7887 8738 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. DevelopDevelop imaginative imaginative education education and and available from the British Library. interpretationinterpretation programmes programmes AmericanAmerican Patrons Patronsof Tate of Tate Every effortEvery has effort been has made been to made locate to the locate the 520 West520 27 West Street 27 Unit Street 404 Unit 404 copyrightcopyright owners ownersof images of includedimages included in in StrengthenStrengthen and extend and theextend range the of range our of our New York,New NY York, 10001 NY 10001 this reportthis and report to meet and totheir meet requirements.
    [Show full text]
  • FAQ About Recycling Cartons
    FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT CARTONS WHAT IS A CARTON? » Cartons are a type of packaging for food and beverage products you can purchase at the store. They are easy to recognize and are available in two types—shelf-stable and refrigerated. Shelf-stable cartons (types of products) Refrigerated (types of products) » Juice » Milk » Milk » Juice » Soy Milk » Cream » Soup and broth » Egg substitutes » Wine You will find these You will find these products in the chilled products on the shelves sections of grocery stores. in grocery stores. WHAT ARE CARTONS MADE FROM? » Cartons are mainly made from paper in the form of paperboard, as well as thin layers of polyethylene (plastic) and/or aluminum. Shelf-stable cartons contain on average 74% paper, 22% polyethylene and 4% aluminum. Refrigerated cartons contain about 80% paper and 20% polyethylene. ARE CARTONS RECYCLABLE? » Yes! Cartons are recyclable. In fact, the paper fiber contained in cartons is extremely valuable and useful to make new products. WHERE CAN I RECYCLE CARTONS? » To learn if your community accepts cartons for recycling, please visit RecycleCartons.com or check with your local recycling program. HOW DO I RECYCLE CARTONS? » Simply place the cartons in your recycle bin. If your recycling program collects materials as “single- stream,” you may place your cartons in your bin with all the other recyclables. If your recycling program collects materials as “dual-stream” (paper items together and plastic, metal and glass together), please place cartons with your plastic, metal and glass containers. WAIT, YOU JUST SAID CARTONS ARE MADE MAINLY FROM PAPER. Don’t I WANT TO PUT THEM WITH OTHER PAPER RECYCLABLES? » Good question.
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 Rain Barrel Program
    2021 Rain Barrel Program This spring, LLCT and the Water Department/Water Commission are offering wholesale rain barrels through The Great American Rain Barrel Company (TGARBC). Order and pick up with LLCT’s Plant Kits on May 22nd from 8-11 A.M. at the DPW Site on Lewis Street. Water use has become an important issue in Lincoln. Recent years have seen drought conditions, and to protect the levels of our watershed, most summers and into fall residents have seen restrictions on outdoor water use. The largest residential water use is for watering lawns and gardens – according to the Lincoln Water Commission, our daily water use nearly doubles in the summer! Residents with wells might be surprised to learn that well water usage is also restricted, as that also drains the aquifer. There are many ways to conserve water use, and one ideal way to still provide water to necessary plants, including vegetable gardens, is to install rain barrels. Using rain barrels to water your gardens reduces the water drawn from our drinking water supply, allowing Lincoln to meet the DEP’s water conservation goals while simultaneously saving you money. That soft, chemical free water is very good for grass and other plants. During a rain storm, an enormous quantity of water runs off a roof, so you may want more than one! Each 4’ x 8’ section of roof that receives ¼” of rain will fill a 55-gallon barrel. TGARBC sells 100% re-purposed, food grade, UV protected and BPA free rain barrels. The barrels are produced in Massachusetts and will last for years when properly drained and stored for winter.
    [Show full text]
  • Different Perspectives for Assigning Weights to Determinants of Health
    COUNTY HEALTH RANKINGS WORKING PAPER DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES FOR ASSIGNING WEIGHTS TO DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH Bridget C. Booske Jessica K. Athens David A. Kindig Hyojun Park Patrick L. Remington FEBRUARY 2010 Table of Contents Summary .............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Historical Perspective ........................................................................................................................................ 2 Review of the Literature ................................................................................................................................... 4 Weighting Schemes Used by Other Rankings ............................................................................................... 5 Analytic Approach ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Pragmatic Approach .......................................................................................................................................... 8 References ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 Appendix 1: Weighting in Other Rankings .................................................................................................. 11 Appendix 2: Analysis of 2010 County Health Rankings Dataset ............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Sanidate ® 12.0
    UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, DC 20460 OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION February 2, 2017 Donna Bishel Director of Regulatory Affairs BioSafe Systems, LLC 22 Meadow Street East Hartford, CT 06108 Subject: Notification per PRN 98-10 – Formating Revisions Product Name: SaniDate 12.0 EPA Registration Number: 70299-18 Application Date: January 3, 2017 Decision Number: 524894 Dear Ms. Bishel: The Agency is in receipt of your Application for Pesticide Notification under Pesticide Registration Notice (PRN) 98-10 for the above referenced product. The Antimicrobials Division (AD) has conducted a review of this request for its applicability under PRN 98-10 and finds that the action requested falls within the scope of PRN 98-10. The label submitted with the application has been stamped “Notification” and will be placed in our records. Should you wish to add/retain a reference to the company’s website on your label, then please be aware that the website becomes labeling under the Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act and is subject to review by the Agency. If the website is false or misleading, the product would be misbranded and unlawful to sell or distribute under FIFRA section 12(a)(1)(E). 40 CFR 156.10(a)(5) list examples of statements EPA may consider false or misleading. In addition, regardless of whether a website is referenced on your product’s label, claims made on the website may not substantially differ from those claims approved through the registration process. Therefore, should the Agency find or if it is brought to our attention that a website contains false or misleading statements or claims substantially differing from the EPA approved registration, the website will be referred to the EPA’s Office of Enforcement and Compliance.
    [Show full text]
  • What Happens to Cellulosic Fibers During Papermaking and Recycling? a Review
    PEER-REVIEWED REVIEW ARTICLE ncsu.edu/bioresources WHAT HAPPENS TO CELLULOSIC FIBERS DURING PAPERMAKING AND RECYCLING? A REVIEW Martin A. Hubbe,* Richard A. Venditti, and Orlando J. Rojas Both reversible and irreversible changes take place as cellulosic fibers are manufactured into paper products one or more times. This review considers both physical and chemical changes. It is proposed that by understanding these changes one can make better use of cellulosic fibers at various stages of their life cycles, achieving a broad range of paper performance characteristics. Some of the changes that occur as a result of recycling are inherent to the fibers themselves. Other changes may result from the presence of various contaminants associated with the fibers as a result of manufacturing processes and uses. The former category includes an expected loss of swelling ability and decreased wet-flexibility, especially after kraft fibers are dried. The latter category includes effects of inks, de-inking agents, stickies, and additives used during previous cycles of papermaking. Keywords: Paper recycling, Drying, Deinking, Hornification, Inter-fiber bonding, Refining, Fines, Fiber length, Conformability Contact information: Department of Forest Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Box 8005, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, USA; *Corresponding author: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Cellulosic fibers can change significantly when formed into a wet web of paper and subsequently subjected to such processes as pressing, drying, printing, storage, repulping, and deinking. Some of the changes can be subtle. Often it is possible to substitute recovered fibers in place of virgin fibers used for the production of paper or paperboard. On the other hand, characteristic differences between recycled fibers and virgin fibers (fresh from pulping wood, not recycled) can be expected; many of these can be attributed to drying.
    [Show full text]
  • MEDIUM-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE YELLOW GAS Building Essentials MEETS ASTM D2513 for a Better Tomorrow MEDIUM-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE YELLOW GAS Meets ASTM D2513
    MEDIUM-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE YELLOW GAS Building essentials MEETS ASTM D2513 for a better tomorrow MEDIUM-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE YELLOW GAS Meets ASTM D2513 II MEDIUM-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE YELLOW GAS MEDIUM-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE YELLOW GAS CONTENTS 01 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION .........................2 02 SHORT FORM SPECIFICATION. 6 03 DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS .......................7 04 SHORT FORM INSTALLATION GUIDE/WARNING . 9 05 WARRANTY ...................................10 MEDIUM-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE YELLOW GAS 1 01 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MEDIUM-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE YELLOW GAS FOR FUEL GAS USE IN MULTIPLE APPLICATIONS FOR GAS DISTRIBUTION DESCRIPTION QUALITY CONTROL Polyethylene gas pipes are the preferred natural gas distri- JM Eagle™ takes great pride in the quality and workman- bution piping product of choice with over 90% usage in ship of all of our products. JM Eagle™ quality control pro- North America today. Polyethylene gas pipes are light- grams encompass three critical aspects of the manufac- weight, non-corrosive, available in coil lengths, and easy turing process: the incoming raw material, pipe produc- to install by heat fusion or mechanical fittings. For these tion, and the finished goods. Incoming material is visually reasons, PE pipes have been proven reliable, durable, and inspected and tested to ensure the material meets all have been in use since the 1960’s. applicable requirements before its release for production. During production, the pipe will be visually examined for any cosmetic defect and pipe samples will be collected for physical verification and testing for compliance. The finished product is subjected to further visual inspection to ensure it has met all the appropriate specifications and packaging requirements. Without exception, our pipes are constantly monitored throughout the entire manufac- turing process to validate that they are in accordance with all applicable specifications.
    [Show full text]