Paper and Board Packaging Recyclability Guidelines
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Effects of Moisture on the Biaxial Strength of Wood-Based Composites
EFFECTS OF MOISTURE ON THE BIAXIAL STRENGTH OF WOOD-BASEDCOMPOSITES J. C. Suhling* J.M. Considine ** K. C. Yeh* * Department of Mechanical Engineering Auburn University Auburn, AL36849-5341 ** U.S.D.A. Forest Products Laboratory One Gifford Pinchot Drive Madison,WI 53705-2398 ABSTRACT applications such as corrugated containers where it is subjected to complicated biaxial stress states, In the present work, the effects of moisture on including shear. At present, lack of accurate the biaxial strength of wood-based composite materials constitutive relations and reliable strength has been examined. Experiments have been performed on predictions under biaxial loading and variable paperboard to measure the uniaxial and biaxial input environments hampers analysis of such problems. parameters of the tensor polynomial criterion at Therefore, it has been common practice in the paper several levels of relative humidity. With these data, industry to use trial and error, and empirical the dependence of the zero shear biaxial failure approaches for optimizing the designs of paperboard envelope on humidity level has been predicted and products. The current lack of technology limits trends have been observed. creative design improvements which could curtail the excess use of materials and energy. Accurate predictions of material strength under 1. INTRODUCTION general biaxial normal loading plus shear are needed by the design engineer when considering typical Unlike laminated fiber-reinforced composite structural applications of paperboard. Examples of materials, paper (paperboard) is a multiphase important current applications where biaxial stress composite composed of moisture, fibers, voids, and states exist in paperboard include the quality control possibly chemical additives. The fibers in paperboard burst test (bulged plate), material handling are typically organic with cellulose fibers from wood operations during the papermaking process, and stacked being the chief material. -
Cardboard and Brown Paper Bags Office Paper, Newspaper, Junk Mail, Magazines, and Catalogs
Recycling Center 801 Diamond Valley Drive Open: Daily to the public during daylight hours This guide will help you properly prepare your recyclable materials for drop-off at the Town of Windsor Recycle Center. This is a drop-off facility. It does not have a buy-back option and is for use by residents and small businesses. Following this information will help maintain the facility and the recycling program for the benefit of the community. IMPORTANT… • Do not leave your recyclables in plastic bags. Plastic bags are NOT recyclable! • The plastic item must be a BOTTLE or JAR. with a #1 or #2 on the bottom. • 99 percent of these will have a screw-on plastic lid (which isn’t recyclable). • Plastic containers with a #3 - #7 on the bottom are NOT acceptable. • Tubs, buckets, deli plates, microwave/fast food trays, wrappers, Styrofoam, toys, patio furniture, etc. are NOT acceptable. • Plastic bottles larger than 2.5 gallons are NOT acceptable. • Syringes and other medical supplies are NOT acceptable. Cardboard and Brown Paper Bags Corrugated cardboard is easy to recognize. It is made of paper and has an arched layer called “fluting” between smooth sheets called “liners”. The drop-off site has two 40-yard hydraulic compactor units for collecting corrugated cardboard and brown paper bags. The compaction system is self-activated by depositing the prepared materials into a six-inch tall slot. Flatten boxes. Cut or tear large boxes into sections no larger than 4 feet by 4 feet to prevent jamming the machine. No wet, waxed-coated or food-contaminated boxes. -
The EMA Guide to Envelopes and Mailing
The EMA Guide to Envelopes & Mailing 1 Table of Contents I. History of the Envelope An Overview of Envelope Beginnings II. Introduction to the Envelope Envelope Construction and Types III. Standard Sizes and How They Originated The Beginning of Size Standardization IV. Envelope Construction, Seams and Flaps 1. Seam Construction 2. Glues and Flaps V. Selecting the Right Materials 1. Paper & Other Substrates 2. Window Film 3. Gums/Adhesives 4. Inks 5. Envelope Storage 6. Envelope Materials and the Environment 7. The Paper Industry and the Environment VI. Talking with an Envelope Manufacturer How to Get the Best Finished Product VII. Working with the Postal Service Finding the Information You Need VIII. Final Thoughts IX. Glossary of Terms 2 Forward – The EMA Guide to Envelopes & Mailing The envelope is only a folded piece of paper yet it is an important part of our national communications system. The power of the envelope is the power to touch someone else in a very personal way. The envelope has been used to convey important messages of national interest or just to say “hello.” It may contain a greeting card sent to a friend or relative, a bill or other important notice. The envelope never bothers you during the dinner hour nor does it shout at you in the middle of a television program. The envelope is a silent messenger – a very personal way to tell someone you care or get them interested in your product or service. Many people purchase envelopes over the counter and have never stopped to think about everything that goes into the production of an envelope. -
FAQ About Recycling Cartons
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT CARTONS WHAT IS A CARTON? » Cartons are a type of packaging for food and beverage products you can purchase at the store. They are easy to recognize and are available in two types—shelf-stable and refrigerated. Shelf-stable cartons (types of products) Refrigerated (types of products) » Juice » Milk » Milk » Juice » Soy Milk » Cream » Soup and broth » Egg substitutes » Wine You will find these You will find these products in the chilled products on the shelves sections of grocery stores. in grocery stores. WHAT ARE CARTONS MADE FROM? » Cartons are mainly made from paper in the form of paperboard, as well as thin layers of polyethylene (plastic) and/or aluminum. Shelf-stable cartons contain on average 74% paper, 22% polyethylene and 4% aluminum. Refrigerated cartons contain about 80% paper and 20% polyethylene. ARE CARTONS RECYCLABLE? » Yes! Cartons are recyclable. In fact, the paper fiber contained in cartons is extremely valuable and useful to make new products. WHERE CAN I RECYCLE CARTONS? » To learn if your community accepts cartons for recycling, please visit RecycleCartons.com or check with your local recycling program. HOW DO I RECYCLE CARTONS? » Simply place the cartons in your recycle bin. If your recycling program collects materials as “single- stream,” you may place your cartons in your bin with all the other recyclables. If your recycling program collects materials as “dual-stream” (paper items together and plastic, metal and glass together), please place cartons with your plastic, metal and glass containers. WAIT, YOU JUST SAID CARTONS ARE MADE MAINLY FROM PAPER. Don’t I WANT TO PUT THEM WITH OTHER PAPER RECYCLABLES? » Good question. -
Nature's Recyclers Activity Guide
NATURE’S RECYCLERS ACTIVITY GUIDE WA-1425 To Naturalists/Interpreters: CONTENTS Many of us don’t realize that while we are rinsing cans and OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES 3 stomping milk jugs for recycling, other creatures are also busy Trash Hunt 3 recycling Lichens, mushrooms, sow bugs, earthworms and Litter — It’s Everywhere 4 beetles spend their whole lives recycling for nature Nature’s Dead Tree & Rotting Log Study 5 recyclers are responsible for turning dead plants and animals Mushroom Adventure 8 back into usable nutrients for other plants and animals Likewise, Where Do Things Come From? 9 humans are responsible for turning trash back into reusable materials INDOOR ACTIVITIES 12 Recycling For the Birds 12 Parks and outdoor recreation areas are great locations for Recycling Games 14 demonstrating the importance of recycling The natural setting has visual examples of cycles, recyclers and natural resources LONGER PROJECTS 17 You can use these examples to make connections between for Classroom, Home, or natural and human recycling, and between recycling and Residential Camp preservation of natural resources People coming to parks and Make Your Own Paper 17 nature centers to relax and enjoy the outdoors are generally Earthworm Castles 18 receptive to recycling hints and ideas that will help save the Microbe Garden 20 natural resources they love Mini-Composts 21 Natural Dyes 23 This activity guide book will help you teach about natural recycling, cycles in nature, and the important role people play IDEAS FOR EXHIBITS 24 in recycling The activities -
Did You Know That All of These Types of Paper Are Recyclable In
Did you know that all of these types of paper are recyclable in Massachusetts? MassRecycle has surveyed the paper mills and materials recovery facilities in Massachusetts to determine what types of paper can be recycled. Following is the list of papers that will be accepted by all of these facilities*: • Booklets • Lottery tickets • Books – soft cover • Mail – including junk mail • Boxes – for office supplies, like paper clips • Magazines • Boxes – cereal, shoe, cracker, pasta, etc • Mat board – used in picture framing • Boxes – with plastic windows • Math paper – graph and ledger, etc. • Brochures – including glossy • Newspapers – with or without inserts • Calendars – wall type • Newsprint • Cardboard – corrugated and paperboard • Office and copy paper • Catalogs • Packing paper • Charlie cards – paper MBTA tickets • Paper bags – brown and white • Clasp envelopes • Paper bags – with handles • Colored paper • Paper – lined and white • Construction and kraft paper • Paper towel and toilet paper tubes • Cover and card stock, index cards • Phone Books • Envelopes –plastic windows or labels ok • Photocopies • Fax paper • Pizza boxes – clean, turned inside out • File folders • Post-it notes • Flyers • Receipts • Glossy paper • Shredded paper in paper bags • Greeting cards • Spiral notebooks • Hanging file folders • Writing tablets Remember: You do not need to remove staples, paper clips, tape, spirals or windows from your paper prior to recycling. _______________________________________________________________________________ *If your current program takes more papers than what is on this list, please keep recycling them! The purpose of this list is to include papers common to ALL paper mills and paper recycling programs in Massachusetts. . -
Manufacturing of Paperboard and Corrugated Board Packages
Lecture 9: Manufacturing of paperboard and corrugated board packages Converting operations: printing, die-cutting, folding, gluing, deep-drawing After lecture 9 you should be able to • describe the most important converting operations in paper and paperboard package manufacturing • discuss important runnability considerations in paperboard package handling • relate factors affecting runnability to pppaperboard app earance and pyphysical performance quality parameters 1 Literature • Pulp and Paper Chemistry and Technology - Volume 4, Paper Products Physics and Technology, Chapter 10 • Paperboard Reference Manual, p. 157-225 • Fundamentals of packaging technology Chapters 4, 6, 15 and 18 Paperboard Packaging Design is the result of • Personal creativity plus – Knowledge and understanding of packaging materials, including: • Structural properties • Graphic capabilities • Converting processes and converting properties • Customer packaging systems • Marketing objectives • Distribution requirements • Retail outlet expectations • Needs and desires of end user • How end user will use the product • Many people may contribute to the design 2 Overall, the design must provide: • Containment of product • Protection of product • Ease in handling through distribution • Prevention of product spoilage • Tamper evidence • Consumer convenience • Brand identification • Communications for the consumer: – Instructions for product use – Coding for quality assurance, expiration dates – Dietary and nutritional information The design should consider: 1. Converting -
An Invitation to Recycling
An Invitation to Recycling Begin with recycling, continue with creativity and end with a celebration. GRADES Makes for a good collaborative lesson between Science and Art K–4 teachers. Time Required: 2 class period (90 minutes) without extensions • Gather materials (see activity pages). • One week prior to this activity, have students keep track of all the paper the class uses by saving all paper recycling bins and having students make sure they discard paper products appropriately as part of the data collection process. • You might label several different bins or boxes during this time period to mark the different categories such as: white paper; colored paper; newspaper; cardboard; other. • You might also have students collect and bring in materials like bits of thread, petals from silk flowers, glitter or any- thing else that is tiny and resistant to water. • Make copies of Activity Pages (optional depending on abilities) Have students keep track of the amount of paper they use as a class in a week. Have students come up with reasons they may be keeping track of this. Optional: read a story like The Lorax, by Dr. Seuss (or any other piece of literature or story about saving the environment). Ask students to reflect and consider if the story describes anything that could really hap- pen in our lives. Discuss why humans cut down trees and what trees are used for. • Have students calculate how much paper they use in a week. This can be done in terms of # of sheets of paper, or mass, for example. To save paper, consider projecting this information onto a screen once tabulated. -
4. Printing and Converting Performance
4. Printing and converting performance Paperboard converting 147 Clean edges and surfaces 155 Handling paperboard 158 Offset lithography 160 UV-offset 161 Waterless offset 162 Hybrid offset 162 Flexography 163 Screen printing 164 Digital printing 165 Gravure printing 166 Hot foil stamping 169 Embossing 171 Die-cutting & creasing 174 Lasercutting 178 Scoring 182 Creasabilty & foldability 186 Gluing 194 Binding in practice - the last link 199 Heat sealing 206 Packaging operation 203 Deep drawing 212 146 Reference Manual | IGGESUND PAPERBOARD Paperboard converting Paperboard converting Paperboard has the ability to achieve or exceed the same The increasing demands in the brand promotion process excellent image reproduction as for the best fine papers. for graphic design and the use of non-print surface enhance- Paperboard offers equal possibilities to achieve new, ment are creating innovative shapes and multi-sensory ex- challenging shapes as competing packaging materials. periences for the consumer or user who hand les the product. However, increasing demands on performance of the An understanding of the interaction between paper- material in various converting processes have become board properties and converting effi ciency is essential for evident when speeds in both printing processes and post- designers and converters, since the ultimate design of the press converting have increased. Additionally, the accept- product together with the choice of paperboard will impact ance level for impurities or slight deviations in quality in the on crucial conversion factors like printability, fl atness, and fi nal product has dropped noticeably as a result of both creasing/folding properties. Considering all the variables, end-user demands and the use of modern quality control it is probably true to say that consistency in the behaviour equipment in the various converting machines. -
Paper Recycling Technology Detailed Part 1A
Paper Recycling Technology and Science Dr. Richard A. Venditti Paper Science and Engineering Forest Biomaterials Department North Carolina State University Lecture: Paper recycling and technology course introduction and objectives Dr. Richard Venditti Faculty member in the Paper Science and Engineering Program in the Forest Biomaterials Department at North Carolina State University PhD in Chemical Engineering, BS in Pulp and Paper Science and Chemical Engineering Research areas: � Paper recycling � Utilization of forest/agricultural materials for new applications � Life cycle analysis Named a TAPPI Fellow in 2012 Relevant research projects: – The detection of adhesive contaminants – The changes in fibers upon recycling – Automatic sorting of recovered papers – Flotation deinking surfactants – Agglomeration deinking – Screening phenomena and pressure sensitive adhesives – Deposition of adhesive contaminants – Neural networks to control deinking operations – Sludge conversion to bio-ethanol and to bio- materials Course Outline The US Paper Recycling Industry Recovered Paper Grades and Contaminants Effect of Recycling on Fibers/Paper Unit Operations � Pulping, Cleaning, Screening, Washing, Flotation, Dispersion, Bleaching, ….. Image Analysis, Deinking Chemicals System Design Advanced/Additional Topics Course Activities Viewing of the Videos of Lectures � Base lectures by Venditti � Guest lectures from industry leaders Homework assignments Final Exam Critical Issues in Recycling: Going deeper into the recovered paper stream -
Sustainability Report 2019 Contents
SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2019 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Norske Skog - The big picture 3 Strategic vision and concerns 4 Value chain 5 CEO’s comments 6 THE UN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS 8 SDG 3 – God health and well-being 9 SDG 4 – Quality education 10 SDG 5 – Gender equality 12 SDG 6 – Clean water and sanitation 14 SDG 7 – Affordable and clean energy 15 SDG 8 – Decent work and economic growth 16 SDG 9 – Industry, innovation and infrastructure 18 SDG 10 – Reduced inequalities 19 SDG 11 – Sustainable cities and communities 20 SDG 12 – Responsible consumption and production 21 SDG 13 – Climate action 24 SDG 15 – Life on land 26 SDG 16 – Peace, justice and strong institutions 28 Consistent quality 29 Renewed trust 30 Editor-in-chief: Martine Bortolotti, Norske Skog Golbey Drafting of content: Stepping Stones, Strasbourg / Norske Skog Golbey Graphic design and creation: bk.no Photo credits: Alain Bonis, Grégory Brandel GRDF, Communication Communauté d’agglomération d’Épinal, Léo-Pol Jacquot, Adrien Kurtz, JL CD88, Michel Laurent, Groupe Maury, Benoit Rajaux, Christophe Voegelé, Norske Skog Golbey photo library Paper: Lenza top recycling white Printing: Deklic Graphique Norske Skog Golbey BP 109, Route Jean-Charles Pellerin, 88194 Golbey cedex, France http://norskeskog-golbey.com/ You can help improve this report by sending your comments to this address: [email protected] Follow us: Linkedin / Facebook / Twitter Date of publication: April 2020 NORSKE SKOG ASA PAPER MILLS 6 IN 5 COUNTRIES Skogn, Norway Saugbrugs, Norway Golbey, France Bruck, -
Pfass and Alternatives in Food Packaging (Paper and Paperboard): Report on the Commercial Availability and Current Uses
PFASs and alternatives in food packaging (paper and paperboard): Report on the commercial availability and current uses Series on Risk Management No. 58 1 Series on Risk Management 0 No. 58 PFASs and Alternatives in Food Packaging (Paper and Paperboard) Report on the Commercial Availability and Current Uses PUBE Please cite this publication as: OECD (2020), PFASs and Alternatives in Food Packaging (Paper and Paperboard) Report on the Commercial Availability and Current Uses, OECD Series on Risk Management, No. 58, Environment, Health and Safety, Environment Directorate, OECD. Acknowledgements: The OECD would like to acknowledge the drafting of a consultancy report by Steve Hollins of Exponent International Ltd. upon which this report is based. It was prepared under the framework of the OECD/UNEP Global PFC Group and included the contribution of information by several organisations (see Annex A). The report is published under the responsibility of the OECD Joint Meeting of the Chemicals Committee and the Working Party on Chemicals, Pesticides and Biotechnology. © Photo credits: Cover: Yuriy Golub/Shutterstock.com © OECD 2020 Applications for permission to reproduce or translate all or part of this material should be made to: Head of Publications Service, [email protected], OECD, 2 rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France ABOUT THE OECD 3 About the OECD The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental organisation in which representatives of 36 industrialised countries in North and South America, Europe and the Asia and Pacific region, as well as the European Commission, meet to co-ordinate and harmonise policies, discuss issues of mutual concern, and work together to respond to international problems.