Annual Report 2010

ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Annual Report on OSCE Activities 2010

The Secretary General

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Published by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) Press and Public Information Section Office of the Secretary General OSCE Secretariat Wallnerstrasse 6 A‑1010 Vienna, Austria www.osce.org

All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may be freely used and copied for educational and other non-commercial purposes, provided that any such reproduction is accompanied by an acknowledgement of the OSCE as the source. The names and boundaries on all maps in this publication do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the OSCE.

ISBN 978-92-9235-012-3

Edited by Lisa Ernst Designed by Nona Reuter Cover, maps and graphics by Nona Reuter

Front cover photo credits, from left: OSCE/Besfort Oruci, OSCE/Laili Palvonova, OSCE/OCEEA Martina Gadotti Rodrigues, OSCE/Vera Subkus, OSCE/Carolyn Drake

Printed in Austria by Druckerei Berger, 3580 Horn Contents

■■ Message from the Secretary General 5 ■■ Institutions 75

■■ Executive summary 7 Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights 76 ■■ Report of the Chairmanship-in-Office 11 High Commissioner on National Minorities 79 From Corfu to Astana 14 Representative on Freedom of the Media 82 Astana Commemorative Declaration: Towards a Security Community 16 ■■ Secretariat 85 Crisis in Kyrgyzstan 19 Office of the Secretary General 86 Protracted conflicts 21 Executive Management 87 Chairmanship work across the dimensions 24 Press and Public Information Section 87 ■■ Permanent Council 27 Section for External Co-operation 89 Legal Services 90 ■■ Forum for Security Co-operation 29 Gender Section 90 Security Management 91 ■■ OSCE Parliamentary Assembly 31 Strategic Police Matters Unit 91 Office of the Special Representative and ■■ Field operations 35 Co-ordinator for Combating South-Eastern Europe Trafficking in Human Beings 92 Presence in Albania 36 Action against Terrorism Unit 93 Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina 39 Office of Internal Oversight 94 Mission in Kosovo 42 Conflict Prevention Centre 95 Mission to Montenegro 45 Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Mission to Serbia 47 Economic and Environmental Spillover Monitor Mission to Skopje 49 Activities 98 Office in Zagreb 51 Department of Human Resources 100 Eastern Europe Department of Management and Finance 101 Office in Minsk 53 Mission to Moldova 55 ■■ P artnerships for security Project Co-ordinator in Ukraine 57 and co-operation 103 South Caucasus Interaction with other international, Office in Baku 59 regional and sub-regional organizations 104 Office in Yerevan 61 Interaction with the Asian and Central Asia Mediterranean Partners for Co-operation 113 Centre in Ashgabat 63 ■ Centre in Astana 65 ■ Annexes 119 Centre in Bishkek 67 The OSCE at a glance 121 Office in Tajikistan 70 OSCE organigram 122 Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan 72 OSCE unified budget 2010 by fund 123 Assistance with Bilateral Agreements OSCE extra-budgetary support 124 Representative to the Latvian-Russian Staff statistics 125 Joint Commission on Military Pensioners 74 Contact information 126

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 3

Message from the Secretary General e r zi o OSCE/Sarah Cr

The OSCE has always been about inclusiveness, which agenda. At the Informal Ministerial Meeting in means that security is best achieved by ironing out Almaty in July, momentum was built towards hold- differences through open dialogue and equal co-oper- ing the first OSCE Summit in more than a decade, ation, by building upon shared interests and values. In and the first in Central Asia. The Astana Summit 2010, the OSCE demonstrated its role as a platform for on 1-2 December was preceded by a comprehensive equals, as Kazakhstan became the first Central Asian three-week Review Conference, in Warsaw, Vienna and former Soviet State to chair the Organization. and Astana, that was enriched through the participa- The Summit in Astana, hosted by Kazakhstan, put tion of non-governmental organizations. the OSCE in the international spotlight and resulted More than 500 non-governmental organizations in broad agreement on its core values and strategic actively participated in a Civil Society Forum prior to priorities. the Astana segment of the Review Conference. Their Central Asia came to the fore in 2010 for other rea- review of the OSCE’s commitments and activities and sons as well, when Kyrgyzstan faced difficult choices their tangible recommendations for addressing gaps in April and June. In response to the crisis, the Chair- in implementation were a valuable and timely contri- manship led the OSCE’s co-ordinated response, work- bution to the Summit. ing in partnership with the United Nations and the Chairmanship-led preparatory discussions for the European Union. The OSCE Secretariat, the Centre in Summit, which built on the Corfu Process security Bishkek, the Institutions — the High Commissioner dialogue launched under the 2009 Greek Chairman- on National Minorities, the Representative on Freedom ship, produced a rich set of ambitious ideas for the of the Media and the Office for Democratic Institutions Summit agenda. Delegations worked tirelessly to and Human Rights — as well as the Parliamentary adopt a Summit document that would pave the way Assembly pooled efforts that contributed to the stabi- for the OSCE’s future work in the three dimensions. lization of the situation by bringing it back on consti- Though a full Framework for Action was not adopted, tutional track. The OSCE participating States offered the 56 participating States did succeed in adopting further assistance to Kyrgyzstan, upon its request, and a strong declaration that recommitted participating by the end of the year we had launched a Community States to the vision of a free, democratic, common Security Initiative, providing advice and support to the and indivisible security community, rooted in agreed country’s police forces. principles, shared commitments and common goals. The Chairmanship made concerted efforts to revi- The Declaration reaffirms all previous OSCE -com talize the Organization by consolidating its political mitments, starting from the Helsinki Final Act and

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 5 OSCE Secretary General Marc Perrin de Brichambaut and OSCE Permanent Council Chairperson Ambassador Kairat Abdrakhmanov (far right) greet United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon outside the Hofburg in Vienna on 8 April 2010. (OSCE/Susanna Lööf)

the Charter of Paris for a New Europe in forward during the Corfu Process and the 1990. Our 56 participating States commit- preparation of the Summit, and they have ted to a “free, democratic, common and pledged their support to future Chairman- indivisible Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian ships — Ireland in 2012 and Ukraine in security community” and once again put 2013 — in developing a concrete action special emphasis on human rights and plan based on the work done by Kazakh- fundamental freedoms. stan’s Chairmanship. Protracted conflicts in our region remain The OSCE has been strengthened by the a challenge. These are difficult processes common vision set forth in Astana. Our that require our constant attention and Secretariat, our field operations, our Insti- continued resolve. Behind-the-scenes shifts tutions and our Parliamentary Assembly, in tone and language were in evidence which, as this report shows, all worked so during the Astana negotiations, and I am diligently in 2010 to deliver the tasks as- hopeful that they will provide a foundation signed to them, can look forward to 2011 for more tangible progress. with the renewed political impetus given to The Astana Commemorative Declaration their mission in Astana. also highlights some areas where progress is already within reach. It looks forward to Marc Perrin de Brichambaut an updating of the Vienna Document 1999 Secretary General and supports ongoing efforts to re-start negotiations on the conventional arms control regime in Europe. It commits to greater unity of purpose in combating transnational threats and underscores the need to support international efforts to promote a stable and democratic Afghanistan. Finally, the participating States have tasked the 2011 Lithuanian Chairmanship with organizing a follow-up process, taking into account ideas and proposals put

6 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Executive summary

In 2010, a year which marked the 20th anniversaries of Approximately 1,000 international journalists covered the Charter of Paris for a New Europe, the Copenhagen the Summit, and a dedicated Summit website in all six and the Bonn documents and the 35th anniversary of official OSCE languages provided ongoing coverage of the Helsinki Final Act, the OSCE achieved progress the event. (See Message from the Secretary General, p. 5; in all dimensions of its work. This culminated in the Astana Summit, below; Report of the Chairmanship- Astana Summit and, ultimately, the Astana Commemo- in-Office, p. 11; Secretariat, p. 86; Office of the Secretary rative Declaration: Towards a Security Community General, p. 87.) (SUM.DOC/1/10), a recommitment to the vision of a free, democratic, common and indivisible Euro-Atlantic Vienna Experts Roundtable. As a follow-up to the Astana and Eurasian security community stretching from Summit, the first Vienna Experts Roundtable brought Vancouver to Vladivostok, rooted in agreed principles, together leading experts from think tanks and academia shared commitments and common goals. (See Message and OSCE delegations and officials to assess the out- from the Secretary General, p. 5; Report of the Chair- comes of the Summit and discuss the way forward. (See manship-in-Office, p. 11.) The following are some brief Report of the Chairmanship-in-Office, p. 11; Office of the highlights of 2010. Secretary General, p. 87.)

Almaty Informal Ministerial Meeting. The Chairman- High-Level Conference on Tolerance and Non-Discrimina- ship followed the example of the Greek Chairmanship tion. The Chairmanship hosted a High-Level Conference in 2009 by hosting an Informal Ministerial Meeting, in on Tolerance and Non-Discrimination in Astana that Almaty. Discussions focused on how to draw practical brought together more than 600 participants, including conclusions from the Corfu Process, leading to an agree- government officials, politicians, public figures and civil ment to hold an OSCE Summit in Astana. (See Message society representatives with the goal of advancing imple- from the Secretary General, p. 5; Report of the Chairman- mentation of OSCE commitments in these areas. (See ship-in-Office, p. 11.) Report of the Chairmanship-in-Office, p. 11; Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, p. 76.) Review Conference. In accordance with the 1992 Hel- sinki Document and the 1994 Budapest Document, a Crisis in Kyrgyzstan. Following unrest in April and June three-part Review Conference was held in the run-up to that left hundreds dead and led to the removal of Kyr- the Astana Summit. The meetings, which included the gyzstan President Kurmanbek Bakiyev, the Permanent participation of non-governmental organizations, were Council issued a Decision authorizing the deployment of held in Warsaw, focusing on the human dimension; in an OSCE Police Advisory Group to assist the country’s Vienna, dedicated to the politico-military dimension efforts to reduce inter-ethnic tensions and restore public and the economic and environmental dimension as well order. A later Permanent Council Decision established as a review of OSCE structures and activities; and in As- a longer-term approach to police reform adapted to tana, focusing again on the human dimension. As part prevailing circumstances. The Community Security of efforts to increase participation by civil society orga- Initiative involves support for one year, comprising 31 nizations, the Chairmanship also invited representatives international staff supported by 27 locally recruited staff from more than 500 non-governmental organizations to working in three provinces in Kyrgyzstan to facilitate a Civil Society Forum in Astana. (See Message from the confidence-building between police and local communi- Secretary General, p. 5; Report of the Chairmanship-in- ties. (See OSCE Talks, below; Message of the Secretary Office, p. 11.) General, p. 5; Report of the Chairmanship in Office, p. 11; Permanent Council, p. 27; Parliamentary Assembly, p. 32; Astana Summit. Almost 40 Heads of State or Govern- Centre in Bishkek, p. 67; Office for Democratic Institu- ment, more than a dozen government ministers and tions and Human Rights, p. 76; High Commissioner on numerous other top officials and civil society representa- National Minorities, p.79; Secretariat, p. 86; Office of the tives from the OSCE participating States attended the Secretary General, p. 87; Conflict Prevention Centre, p. 97; Organization’s first top-level meeting since 1999, which Interaction with other international, regional and sub- culminated in the Astana Commemorative Declaration. regional organizations, p. 104.)

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 7 OSCE Talks. The Chairmanship launched the Dayton Article IV Agreement. The owner- participation of Afghan counterparts in first OSCE Talks seminar, a one-day meet- ship process was given a substantial boost in OSCE activities, including training in ing bringing together experts on Central 2010 with the approval of a comprehensive counter-narcotics, customs, land-mine Asia, at the OSCE Academy in Bishkek in two-phase action plan for the transfer of disposal, travel document security, border November. Students, academics and experts responsibilities to Bosnia and Herzegovina, management and anti-terrorism. As part discussed the situation in Kyrgyzstan and Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia. The first of the OSCE’s ongoing election support, an Afghanistan and regional challenges. A phase of the plan, to be concluded by the Election Support Team was deployed to Af- publication based on the seminar was dis- end of 2011, will reduce the international ghanistan’s parliamentary elections in Sep- tributed at the Astana Summit. (See Report assistance to a minimum. The second phase, tember. (See Report of the Chairmanship-in- of the Chairmanship-in-Office, p. 11.) to be concluded by the end of 2014, involves Office, p. 11; Parliamentary Assembly, p. 32; the preparation of all necessary measures Centre in Bishkek, p. 67; Office in Tajikistan, Geneva Discussions. A further six rounds of — legal, political, technical and organiza- p. 70; Office for Democratic Institutions and the Geneva Discussions took place in 2010. tional — for the transfer of full autonomy to Human Rights, p. 76; Office of the Secretary The OSCE, together with the United Nations the Parties. (See Report of the Chairmanship- General, p. 87; Conflict Prevention Centre, and the European Union, co-chaired the in-Office, p. 11.) p. 95; Interaction with other international, talks involving participants from Georgia, regional and sub-regional organizations, Russia and the United States as well as Tskh- Annual Security Review Conference. The An- p. 104; Interaction with the Asian and Medi- invali and Sukhumi. Discussions continued nual Security Review Conference, held in terranean Partners for Co-operation, p. 113.) on the key issues of non-use of force and in- Vienna, addressed a range of first-dimension ternational security arrangements. Progress challenges, including work to update the Border Management Staff College. Now in on the non-use of force issue was acknowl- Vienna Document 1999. Working sessions its second year, the OSCE Border Manage- edged, opening new prospects for advanc- focused on transnational threats; the role of ment Staff College in Dushanbe conducted ing the process. An important positive sign the OSCE in early warning, conflict preven- 11 seminars as well as its first Staff Course, was the resumption of the Dvani/Ergneti tion and resolution, crisis management and training a total of 257 mid-level and high- Incident Prevention and Response Mecha- post-conflict rehabilitation; arms control ranking border, customs and drug control nism (IPRM) on 28 October after a one-year and confidence- and security-building agency officers from 19 participating States hiatus. In addition, the OSCE negotiated mechanisms; threats and challenges in and Afghanistan. (See Centre in Astana, an agreement on the implementation of a Afghanistan; and a review of OSCE police- p. 65; Office in Tajikistan, p. 70; Conflict Pre- package of water projects in late 2010. (See related activities. (See Report of the Chair- vention Centre, p. 95.) Report of the Chairmanship-in-Office, p. 11; manship-in-Office, p.11.) Conflict Prevention Centre, p. 95; Interaction Gender and security. The annual High-Level with other international, regional and sub- Mélange disposal. An OSCE project to Tripartite Meeting between the United Na- regional organizations, p. 104.) safely remove stockpiles of the toxic rocket tions, the Council of Europe and the OSCE fuel component mélange from six sites in focused on the theme of gender and com- Informal “5+2” meetings. Five informal Ukraine entered its second phase in 2010, prehensive security. Discussions focused “5+2” meetings focusing on freedom of with the start of work to remove 2,600 on preventing and resolving conflict, in movement and guarantee mechanisms were tonnes of mélange from a third storage site particular through the implementation of held, and the two political representatives in western Ukraine. At the launch of the UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on (the Moldovan Deputy Prime Minister project, Ukraine had 16,000 tonnes of mé- combating violence against women, includ- and his Transdniestrian counterpart) met lange. Thus far, more than 3,000 tonnes have ing the girl-child, before, during and after on a regular basis to resolve issues affect- been removed in what is the largest donor- armed conflicts. (See Office of the Secretary ing the daily lives of people on both banks funded project in OSCE history. (See Forum General, p. 87; Interaction with other inter- of the Dniester/Nistru River. Two meet- for Security Co-operation, p.29; Project Co- national, regional and sub-regional organiza- ings between Moldovan Prime Minister ordinator in Ukraine, p. 57; Conflict Preven- tions, p. 104.) Vlad Filat and Transdniestrian leader Igor tion Centre, p. 95.) Smirnov were instrumental in advancing Economic and environmental dimension concrete issues, such as the reopening of the Expert Conference on Terrorism. The Chair- events. The 18th Economic and Environ- Chisinau-Tiraspol-Odessa railway service manship hosted an Expert Conference in mental Forum process, held in Astana, in October. Other positive developments Astana, focusing on countering threats Minsk, Vienna and Prague, focused on included the extension of a 2006 mechanism related to terrorism, including social, inter- promoting good governance at border to allow Moldovan farmers access to their ethnic and religious challenges, and on crossings, improving the security of land land on the Transdniestrian-controlled side, other transnational threats related to terror- transportation and facilitating international conclusion of an agreement on simplified ism, such as trafficking in drugs, arms and transport by road and rail in the OSCE re- regulations for the export of goods from human beings, organized crime and money gion. At a Special Expert Meeting in Vilnius, Transdniestria by railway and the beginning laundering. (See Report of the Chairman- participants assessed the role of the OSCE in of expert negotiations on the reconnection ship-in-Office, p. 11.) promoting international energy security co- of fixed-line telecommunications between operation. (See Report of the Chairmanship- the sides. (See Report of the Chairmanship- Engagement with Afghanistan. The Secre- in-Office, p. 11; Centre in Astana, p. 65; Office in-Office, p. 11; Mission to Moldova, p. 55.) tariat continued to advance OSCE engage- of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and ment with Afghanistan by increasing the Environmental Activities, p. 98.)

8 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Executive summary Executive 20th anniversary of Copenhagen Document. in general. (See High Commissioner on Na- and women’s contribution to building secu- A conference in Copenhagen marked the tional Minorities, p. 79.) rity. This theme was also the subject of a side 20th anniversary of the Copenhagen Docu- gathering of experts and civil society repre- ment, a key OSCE reference document that Freedom of the media. The Representative sentatives on the margins of the conference. outlines commitments in the field of elec- on Freedom of the Media worked to en- The OSCE Mediterranean Conference in tions, rule of law and other fundamental hance free media and free expression across Malta covered issues related to confidence- rights and freedoms. Five working sessions the OSCE region, advocating on behalf of and security-building measures, economic examined the compliance of the partici- journalists who have been persecuted or and environmental challenges and tolerance pating States in the areas of elections and attacked, campaigning to end criminal libel and non-discrimination. (See Report of the human rights, rule of law, national minori- legislation, providing legal assistance to Chairmanship-in-Office, p. 11; Interaction ties and freedom of movement, as well as participating States on media-related legisla- with Asian and Mediterranean Partners for measures to improve implementation. (See tion, facilitating professional media training Co-operation, p. 113.) Report of the Chairmanship-in-Office, p. 11.) and hosting regional conferences to support the enhancement of journalism standards. Human dimension meetings. The Office for (See Representative on Freedom of the Media, Democratic Institutions and Human Rights p. 82.) (ODIHR) hosted two Supplementary Hu- man Dimension Meetings in Vienna: on Combating trafficking in human beings.The challenges and best practices for improving OSCE Special Representative and Co-ordi- gender balance and women’s participation nator for Combating Trafficking in Human in political and public life and on freedom Beings worked to raise the political profile of of religion or belief. The OSCE High Com- this issue and advocated to improve the im- missioner on National Minorities, with plementation of OSCE anti-trafficking com- organizational support from ODIHR, hosted mitments in all participating States. A high- another, on education for persons belonging level Alliance Against Trafficking in Persons to national minorities. A Human Dimension conference in Vienna in June focused on Seminar organized by ODIHR in Warsaw trafficking for the purpose of domestic ser- focused on strengthening judicial indepen- vitude, while a one-day regional meeting of dence. (See Report of the Chairmanship-in- national anti-trafficking co-ordinators in Office, p. 11, Office for Democratic Institu- Vienna in October was dedicated to traf- tions and Human Rights, p. 76; High Com- ficking for labour exploitation. (See Office of missioner on National Minorities, p. 79.) the Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings, Election monitoring. Elections remained a p. 92.) primary focus for ODIHR in 2010, with observers from 51 participating States moni- 19th Annual Session of the OSCE Parliamen- toring elections in 21 countries, including tary Assembly. The OSCE Parliamentary As- two vital votes in Kyrgyzstan. ODIHR sembly held its 19th Annual Session in Oslo also sent an election support team for par- under the theme “Rule of Law: Combating liamentary elections in Afghanistan. The Transnational Crime and Corruption”. The Institution stepped up its efforts to follow Assembly adopted the Oslo Declaration, up on recommendations made to improve which highlights the importance of a parlia- election processes and refine and develop mentary dimension in the ongoing dialogue its observation methodology, publish- on security. (See OSCE Parliamentary As- ing, for instance, the sixth edition of the sembly, p. 31.) ODIHR Election Observation Handbook. (See Office for Democratic Institutions and Work with the Partners for Co-operation. Human Rights, p. 76.) A Chairmanship workshop in Thailand on combating illicit crop cultivation and High Commissioner on National Minorities. enhancing border security management The High Commissioner hosted a series of offered participants an opportunity to ex- regional roundtables on the implementation change best practices and learn how Thai- of the Bolzano/Bozen Recommendations on land addresses these issues. Another Chair- National Minorities in Inter-State Relations. manship workshop, in Ulaanbaatar, Mon- The High Commissioner also continued to golia, focused on combating trafficking in address ethnic tensions within and between human beings at the national, regional and States, examining conditions for minority international levels. At the OSCE-Republic communities and advising participating of Korea Conference in Seoul, participants States on how to improve legislation related discussed multilateral security co-operation to minorities and interethnic relations in Northeast Asia, economic development

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 9

Report of the Chairmanship-in-Office

Above left: The opening session of the OSCE Informal Ministerial Meeting on 17 July 2010 in Almaty, Kazakhstan. (OSCE/Susanna Lööf)

Above right: Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (right), and Kanat Saudabayev, OSCE Chairperson- in-Office, at the OSCE Summit in Astana on 1 December 2010. (OSCE)

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 11 c ir Al i ir m i el OSCE/V

In 2010, Kazakhstan became the first Central Asian It was in our common interest to bring to a new level State and former Soviet Republic with a predominantly our multilateral co-operation in combating transnation- Muslim population to chair the OSCE. Its impressive al threats and challenges, including international terror- success under the leadership of President Nursultan ism and extremism, organized crime, drug trafficking Nazarbayev is objectively recognized by the internation- and challenges emanating from outside the Organiza- al community, and it demonstrates Kazakhstan’s signifi- tion, especially from the territory of Afghanistan. cant contribution to regional and global security. In the human dimension, we focused on issues of eth- Consistent implementation of the guiding motto of nic and religious tolerance. The main event in this area Kazakhstan’s OSCE Chairmanship — Trust, Tradition, was the OSCE High-Level Conference on Tolerance and Tolerance and Transparency — impartiality and respect Non-Discrimination, held on 29-30 June in Astana. We of the views of all Partners expanded and strengthened strongly promoted open and constructive co-operation consensus based on the fundamental aspects of the with civil society, having ensured the wide and active Organization’s development on the basis of equal imple- participation of NGOs in numerous events before and mentation of all three baskets. during the OSCE Summit. Constructive engagement of all participating States The first OSCE Summit in the new millennium, held in the Corfu Process breathed fresh life into the work of on the initiative of President Nazarbayev, was an unde- the Organization and restored its importance as a key niable success for the Chairmanship and for the Orga- platform for dialogue on security. We gave a new impe- nization as a whole. We were able to prove the vitality tus to the overall effort to revitalize and strengthen the of the OSCE and demonstrate to the international com- arms control regime and confidence-building measures, munity the Organization’s evolution “from Helsinki to and we hope to adopt a modernized Vienna Document Astana” and give renewed impetus to the OSCE, which in 2011. is very much needed today. While fully understanding the complexity of pro- The quintessence of our joint work was the adoption tracted conflicts and the long-term nature of their of the Astana Commemorative Declaration: Towards resolution, we can be cautiously optimistic in assessing a Security Community, in which participating States the work done in 2010 on negotiations within existing reaffirmed the OSCE’s core norms, principles and com- formats on protracted conflicts. We saw some positive mitments rooted in the Helsinki Final Act and the Paris dynamics in the Transdniestrian settlement process, Charter for a New Europe. The Astana Commemorative including the holding of regular informal “5+2” meet- Declaration clearly identified new challenges and threats ings. The Minsk Group continued its intensive efforts facing the Organization. It consolidated the general to resolve the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, and we hope understanding that the traditional OSCE area of respon- that further progress can be achieved in 2011. A positive sibility has undergone serious changes and today covers outcome of the Geneva Discussions was the resumption a vast Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian space. of the Dvani/Ergneti Incident Prevention and Response In this regard, I sincerely look forward to continuing Mechanism in October, following a one-year hiatus. our constructive co-operation in achieving the venerable Tragic events in Kyrgyzstan became a serious chal- goals of the Astana Commemorative Declaration. lenge for Kazakhstan, as the OSCE Chairmanship, and for the entire OSCE community. The OSCE played a Kanat Saudabayev key role in preventing a civil war in the country, reduc- 2010 OSCE Chairperson ing tensions and returning the country to a framework providing for the rule of law. I am looking forward to successful implementation of the OSCE’s Community Security Initiative in Kyrgyzstan.

12 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Report of the Chairmanship-in-Office

Heads of State and Government pose for a family photo before the opening of the OSCE Summit in Astana on 1 December 2010. (OSCE)

2010 was not business as usual at the OSCE. Kazakhstan indivisible Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian security com- — the first Central Asian country, the first country of munity”, as affirmed by the 56 participating States in the the former Soviet Union and the first Muslim-majority Astana Commemorative Declaration. country to lead the Organization — began its historic Reaching consensus on the Declaration was a remark- Chairmanship with a pledge to strengthen the Organiza- able achievement. A summit-level meeting had not been tion and concluded the year with the OSCE’s first Sum- held since 1999 in Istanbul. The participating States of mit in more than a decade. the OSCE were facing many urgent security challenges, As President Nursultan Nazarbayev emphasized, including protracted conflicts, inter-ethnic tensions in the Summit was a historic event for the entire OSCE Kyrgyzstan, continued fallout from the global financial community. and economic crisis and emerging transnational threats “We have reconfirmed our support for the comprehen- and challenges closely linked to instability in neighbour- sive approach to security based on trust and transpar- ing regions, including Afghanistan. ency in the politico-military field, on rational economic The progress achieved in 2010 in all dimensions of and environmental policy and on the full-fledged ob- the OSCE’s work, culminating in the Astana Com- servation of human rights, basic freedoms and the rule memorative Declaration, represents a significant step of law,” he said at the concluding session of the Summit. toward addressing these and other common challenges, “We intend to raise the level and quality of security and strengthening security, restoring trust and overcoming understanding between our States and peoples.” dividing lines to realize a common Euro-Atlantic and Thus in 2010 the OSCE marked the 20th anniversa- Eurasian security space. ries of the Charter of Paris for a New Europe and the Copenhagen Document and the 35th anniversary of ■■ To a “T” the Helsinki Final Act, not only with conferences and In his video address to the Permanent Council in Janu- commemorative events, but with a renewed commit- ary, President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev ment to the “vision of a free, democratic, common and announced that the Chairmanship would be guided by

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 13 In 2010, OSCE Below left: Below right: Magazine marked OSCE Chairperson-in- OSCE Chairperson- the anniversaries Office, Kazakhstan’s in-Office Kanat of the Copenhagen Secretary of State Saudabayev Document, the and Foreign Minister (foreground left) Charter of Paris for a Kanat Saudabayev, meets with UN New Europe and the OSCE Secretary Secretary-General Ban Helsinki Final Act. General Marc Perrin Ki-moon (foreground de Brichambaut and right) at the United members of the Nations in New York Permanent Council on 5 February 2010. pose for a family photo (UN Photo/Mark at the first meeting of Garten) the year on 14 January 2010. (OSCE)

the “four T’s” — Trust, Tradition, Transpar- working together to assist Kyrgyzstan’s gov- to the OSCE, supported as needed by their ency and Tolerance — in its efforts to help ernment and people to restore peace. capitals, met regularly at informal Corfu strengthen the work of the Organization. The crisis in Kyrgyzstan underscored the Process meetings, discussing the following Following the President’s address, the urgency of meeting at the highest level to topics: Chairperson-in-Office, Kazakhstan’s Sec- address common security challenges, and • Implementation of all OSCE norms, prin- retary of State and Foreign Minister Kanat agreement on holding a Summit was reached ciples and commitments; Saudabayev, announced that Kazakhstan’s at the Informal Ministerial Meeting in Al- • Role of the OSCE in early warning, con- priorities for the year included addressing maty in July. This agreement was the start of flict prevention and resolution, crisis man- terrorism and other transnational threats, an ambitious review exercise involving all agement and post-conflict rehabilitation; achieving progress towards resolution of the participating States and civil society, encom- • Role of the arms control and confidence- region’s protracted conflicts, contributing to passing the whole of the OSCE’s work. and security-building regimes in the reconstruction of Afghanistan, promot- Alongside the highly demanding process building trust in the evolving security ing co-operation on transport and fostering of working towards a Summit, the Chair- environment; tolerance — with the ultimate aim of tack- manship sought to move forward efforts to • Transnational and multidimensional ling these many challenges at the highest address the region’s protracted conflicts and threats and challenges; level, at an OSCE Summit. to deepen the OSCE’s work in its priority • Economic and environmental challenges; On visits to Brussels, Washington, Mos- areas in all three dimensions — the politico- • Human rights and fundamental freedoms, cow, the United Nations Security Council, military, the economic and environmental as well as democracy and the rule of law; Vienna and Kabul as well as OSCE field and the human aspects of security. • Enhancing the OSCE’s effectiveness; operations, the Chairmanship sought • Interaction with other organizations and consensus for its ambitious agenda. High- ■■ From Corfu to Astana institutions, on the basis of the 1999 Plat- level conferences, on tolerance and non- The OSCE-anchored dialogue on the future form for Co-operative Security; discrimination and on anti-terrorism, of European security, also known as the • Cross-dimensional approach to security; encouraged international dialogue on Corfu Process, provided a solid basis for a and cross-dimensional challenges that impact renewed debate at the highest political level. • General questions of Euro-Atlantic the entire OSCE region. Therefore, at the December 2009 Athens security. These efforts to promote engagement in Ministerial Council, Kazakhstan offered to The discussions aimed “to deepen the the OSCE and enhance co-operation with host a Summit during its Chairmanship in dialogue in order to promote understand- international Partners came to the fore in 2010. The OSCE foreign ministers noted this ing and enhance confidence” and “to ex- addressing the crisis in Kyrgyzstan, with proposal with interest. tend the areas of agreement and contribute the OSCE, the UN and the European Union In 2010, the 56 permanent representatives to consensus-building,” as outlined in

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The venue of the OSCE French Foreign ofeport the Chairmanship-in-Office Informal Ministerial Minister Bernard Meeting in Ak-Bulak, Kouchner (left) in near the city of conversation with Almaty, Kazakhstan, Russian Foreign on 16 July 2010. Minister Sergey Lavrov (OSCE/Sarah Crozier) at the OSCE Informal Ministerial Meeting on 16 July 2010. (OSCE/ Sarah Crozier)

the Athens Ministerial Council Decision at the Almaty Informal Ministerial Meeting became clear that Kazakhstan had managed on Furthering the Corfu Process (MC. and contributed to building consensus on to create the required consensus to hold a DEC/1/09). Participants had been encour- the decision to hold the Summit. Summit. The Chairperson announced the aged by the Ministerial Declaration on the news to journalists at the concluding press Corfu Process (MC.DOC/1/09), also adopted ■■ Informal Ministerial conference: “The forthcoming summit of in Athens, to address disagreements openly, Following the example of the Greek Chair- OSCE leaders will be held after 11 years and honestly and in an unbiased manner and to manship’s initiative of hosting an informal will become a new and very important mile- acknowledge diversities and concerns in a meeting of foreign ministers, the 2010 stone in the life of our Organization. We are spirit of mutual respect and understanding. Chairmanship invited the foreign ministers convinced it will give an important impetus Three basic guidelines set the tone for of the participating States and OSCE Part- for strengthening security and developing the talks: ners to Ak-Bulak, a resort near Almaty in co-operation.” • Adherence to the concept of comprehen- the foothills of the Zailisky Alatau Moun- The idea of development of a single and sive, co-operative and indivisible security, tains, in July. Some 50 ministers and deputy indivisible area of security, free of dividing as enshrined in the OSCE fundamental ministers took part in the meeting, discuss- lines and zones with different security levels documents; ing how to draw practical conclusions from — a Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian Security • Compliance with OSCE norms, principles the Corfu Process. They heard calls for a Community, elaborated during the Corfu and commitments in all three OSCE di- strengthening of common resolve and spirit Process — found wide support among par- mensions, in full and in good faith, and in of community. President Nazarbayev told ticipants and laid the foundation for Summit a consistent manner by all; participants: “The OSCE must prove that it discussions. • Determination to strengthen partnership was effective not only in times of the Cold Achieving consensus among all OSCE and co-operation in the OSCE area, as War, but that it remains an actively devel- participating States was just a start. Prepa- well as to enhance the effectiveness of the oping body, closely woven into the life of rations had to begin immediately. On 29 OSCE and its contribution to security in the modern global political and economic July, the Permanent Council formalized the our common space. system.” Summit plans by adopting PC.DEC/951, As mandated at the Athens Ministerial Though the meeting’s informal nature on the “Agenda, organizational framework, Council, the Chairmanship prepared an meant that no decisions were expected, the timetable and other modalities of the OSCE Interim Report (CIO.GAL/117/10), reflecting debate about whether the time was ripe Summit in Astana on 1 and 2 December the Chairmanship’s perception of the dis- for a Summit was intense among delegates 2010”. With the Summit just a few months cussions and deliberations on proposals de- strolling the pathways of Ak-Bulak on the away and little time to spare, the Chairman- veloped within the framework of the Corfu margins of the meeting. The Chairman- ship quickly launched plans for a Review Process. The Interim Report was discussed ship’s satisfaction was palpable when it Conference, to be held as required by the

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 15 Astana Commemorative Declaration: Towards a Security Community

1. We, the Heads of State or Government of the 56 participating further work towards strengthening the OSCE’s effectiveness and States of the OSCE, have assembled in Astana, eleven years after efficiency. the last OSCE Summit in Istanbul, to recommit ourselves to the vi- 5. We recognize that the OSCE, as the most inclusive and com- sion of a free, democratic, common and indivisible Euro-Atlantic and prehensive regional security organization in the Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian security community stretching from Vancouver to Vladivo- Eurasian area, continues to provide a unique forum, operating on the stok, rooted in agreed principles, shared commitments and common basis of consensus and the sovereign equality of States, for promot- goals. As we mark the 35th anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act and ing open dialogue, preventing and settling conflicts, building mutual the 20th anniversary of the Charter of Paris for a New Europe, we understanding and fostering co-operation. We stress the importance reaffirm the relevance of, and our commitment to, the principles on of the work carried out by the OSCE Secretariat, High Commissioner which this Organization is based. While we have made much prog- on National Minorities, Office for Democratic Institutions and Hu- ress, we also acknowledge that more must be done to ensure full man Rights and Representative on Freedom of the Media, as well as respect for, and implementation of, these core principles and com- the OSCE field operations, in accordance with their respective man- mitments that we have undertaken in the politico-military dimen- dates, in assisting participating States with implementing their OSCE sion, the economic and environmental dimension, and the human commitments. We are determined to intensify co-operation with the dimension, notably in the areas of human rights and fundamental OSCE Parliamentary Assembly, and encourage its efforts to promote freedoms. security, democracy and prosperity throughout the OSCE area and 2. We reaffirm our full adherence to the Charter of the United Na- within participating States and to increase confidence among par- tions and to all OSCE norms, principles and commitments, starting ticipating States. We also acknowledge the Organization’s significant from the Helsinki Final Act, the Charter of Paris, the Charter for role in establishing effective confidence- and security-building mea- European Security and all other OSCE documents to which we have sures. We reaffirm our commitment to their full implementation and agreed, and our responsibility to implement them fully and in good our determination to ensure that they continue to make a substantial faith. We reiterate our commitment to the concept, initiated in contribution to our common and indivisible security. the Final Act, of comprehensive, co-operative, equal and indivisible 6. The OSCE’s comprehensive and co-operative approach to security, security, which relates the maintenance of peace to the respect for which addresses the human, economic and environmental, political human rights and fundamental freedoms, and links economic and and military dimensions of security as an integral whole, remains environmental co-operation with peaceful inter-State relations. indispensable. Convinced that the inherent dignity of the individual is 3. The security of each participating State is inseparably linked to at the core of comprehensive security, we reiterate that human rights that of all others. Each participating State has an equal right to se- and fundamental freedoms are inalienable, and that their protection curity. We reaffirm the inherent right of each and every participat- and promotion is our first responsibility. We reaffirm categorically ing State to be free to choose or change its security arrangements, and irrevocably that the commitments undertaken in the field of the including treaties of alliance, as they evolve. Each State also has the human dimension are matters of direct and legitimate concern to right to neutrality. Each participating State will respect the rights of all participating States and do not belong exclusively to the internal all others in these regards. They will not strengthen their security affairs of the State concerned. We value the important role played at the expense of the security of other States. Within the OSCE no by civil society and free media in helping us to ensure full respect for State, group of States or organization can have any pre-eminent re- human rights, fundamental freedoms, democracy, including free and sponsibility for maintaining peace and stability in the OSCE area or fair elections, and the rule of law. can consider any part of the OSCE area as its sphere of influence. We 7. Serious threats and challenges remain. Mistrust and divergent will maintain only those military capabilities that are commensurate security perceptions must be overcome. Our commitments in the with our legitimate individual or collective security needs, taking into politico-military, economic and environmental, and human dimen- account obligations under international law, as well as the legitimate sions need to be fully implemented. Respect for human rights, security concerns of other States. We further reaffirm that all OSCE fundamental freedoms, democracy and the rule of law must be safe- principles and commitments, without exception, apply equally to guarded and strengthened. Greater efforts must be made to promote each participating State, and we emphasize that we are accountable freedom of religion or belief and to combat intolerance and discrimi- to our citizens and responsible to each other for their full implemen- nation. Mutually beneficial co-operation aimed at addressing the tation. We regard these commitments as our common achievement, impact on our region’s security of economic and environmental chal- and therefore consider them to be matters of immediate and legiti- lenges must be further developed. Our energy security dialogue, in- mate concern to all participating States. cluding on agreed principles of our co-operation, must be enhanced. 4. These norms, principles and commitments have enabled us to Increased efforts should be made to resolve existing conflicts in the make progress in putting old confrontations behind us and in mov- OSCE area in a peaceful and negotiated manner, within agreed for- ing us closer to democracy, peace and unity throughout the OSCE mats, fully respecting the norms and principles of international law area. They must continue to guide us in the 21st century as we work enshrined in the United Nations Charter, as well as the Helsinki Final together to make the ambitious vision of Helsinki and Paris a reality Act. New crises must be prevented. We pledge to refrain from the for all our peoples. These and all other OSCE documents establish threat or use of force in any manner inconsistent with the purposes clear standards for the participating States in their treatment of each and principles of the Charter of the United Nations or with the ten other and of all individuals within their territories. Resolved to build Principles of the Helsinki Final Act. further upon this strong foundation, we reaffirm our commitment to 8. Conventional arms control and confidence- and security-building strengthen security, trust and good-neighbourly relations among our regimes remain major instruments for ensuring military stability, States and peoples. In this respect we are convinced that the role of predictability and transparency, and should be revitalized, updated the OSCE remains crucial, and should be further enhanced. We will and modernized. We value the work of the Forum for Security

16 // OSCE OSCE Annual Annual Report Report 2010 2010 R eport ofeport the Chairmanship-in-Office

Co-operation, and look forward to the updating of the Vienna Document 1999. We value the CFE Treaty’s contribution to the creation of a stable and predictable environment for all OSCE participating States. We note that the CFE Treaty is not being implemented to its full capacity and the Agreement on Adaptation of the CFE Treaty (ACFE) has not entered into force. Recognizing intensified efforts to overcome the current impasse, we express our support for the ongoing consultations aiming at opening the way for negotiations in 2011. 9. At the same time, in today’s complex and inter-connected world, we must achieve greater unity of purpose and action in facing emerging transnational threats, such as terrorism, organized crime, illegal migration, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, cyber threats and the illicit trafficking in small arms and light weapons, drugs and human beings. Such threats can originate within or outside our region. 10. We recognize that the security of the OSCE area is inextricably linked to that of adjacent areas, notably in the Mediterranean and in Asia. We must therefore enhance the level of our interaction with our Partners for Co-operation. In particular, we underscore the need to contribute effectively, based on the capacity and national interest of each participating State, to collective international efforts to promote a stable, independent, prosperous and democratic Afghanistan. 11. We welcome initiatives aimed at strengthening European security. Our security dialogue, enhanced by the Corfu Process, has helped to sharpen our focus on these and other challenges we face in all three dimensions. The time has now come to act, and we must define concrete and tangible goals in addressing these challenges. We are determined to work together to fully realize the vision of a comprehensive, co-operative and indivisible security community throughout our shared OSCE area. This security community should be aimed at meeting the challenges of the 21st century and based on our full adherence to common OSCE norms, principles and commitments across all three dimensions. It should Flags with the logos of the unite all OSCE participating States across the Euro-Atlantic and OSCE and the 2010 Kazakhstan Eurasian region, free of dividing lines, conflicts, spheres of influence Chairmanship, which hosted the and zones with different levels of security. We will work to ensure High-Level Conference on Tolerance that co-operation among our States, and among the relevant and Non-Discrimination in Astana organizations and institutions of which they are members, will on 28 June 2010. be guided by the principles of equality, partnership co-operation, (OSCE/Velimir Alic) inclusiveness and transparency. Drawing strength from our diversity, we resolve to achieve this overarching goal through sustained determination and common effort, acting within the OSCE and in The Astana Commemorative Declaration: other formats. Towards a Security Community also includes 12. To this end, we task the incoming Chairmanship-in-Office with Interpretive Statements by: organizing a follow-up process within existing formats, taking into Belgium (on behalf of the European Union) consideration ideas and proposals put forward by the participat- Canada ing States, including in the framework of the Corfu Process and Moldova in the preparation of the Astana Summit, and pledge to do all we Romania can to assist the incoming Chairmanships-in-Office in developing Czech Republic a concrete action plan based on the work done by the Kazakhstan Chairmanship. Progress achieved will be reviewed at the next OSCE Ministerial Council meeting in Vilnius on 6 and 7 December 2011. A full text of the Astana Commemorative 13. We express our deep gratitude to Kazakhstan for hosting our Declaration: Towards a Security Community meeting, and for the energy and vitality the country has brought that includes the Interpretive Statements is available at: www.osce.org/mc/73962. to the challenging task of chairing the OSCE in 2010. We welcome Lithuania’s Chairmanship of the Organization in 2011, Ireland’s in 2012 and Ukraine’s in 2013.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 17 Participants in Below: The plenary discussion at the OSCE room during the first Review Conference session of the OSCE in Astana on 26 Review Conference November 2010. in Astana on 26 (OSCE/Vladimir November 2010. Trofimchuk) (OSCE/Vladimir Trofimchuk)

1992 Helsinki Document and the 1994 Bu- Chairmanship hosted a Civil Society Forum. occasion in his welcome address: “The As- dapest Document, which mandate the OSCE More than 500 NGOs attended the Forum. tana Summit revives a tradition interrupted to hold a Review Conference before meet- Konstantin Zhigalov, Kazakhstan’s Deputy since the Istanbul Summit 11 years ago of ings of OSCE Heads of State and Govern- Foreign Minister and Special Envoy of the holding meetings at the highest level. This is ment to “review the entire range of activities OSCE Chairperson-in-Office, said the active also a sign of the renaissance of the Organi- within the CSCE [now OSCE], including a participation of civil society organizations zation. We are seeing the start today in As- thorough implementation debate, and con- brought “great value”, to the meeting, while tana of a Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian com- sider further steps to strengthen the CSCE OSCE Secretary General Ambassador Marc munity of common and indivisible security. process.” Perrin de Brichambaut expressed gratitude “This Summit is taking place for the first The three-part Review Conference was to civil society groups, saying their partici- time in a new country that gained its in- held over 17 days: the first session (Warsaw, pation “helps keep States vigilant about their dependence to a large extent thanks to the 30 September-8 October) focused on the commitments to other States and to their provisions and principles contained in the human dimension of security. The second own citizens.” Helsinki Final Act. I am talking about the (Vienna, 18-26 October) was dedicated to right of States and nations to freely choose commitments in the politico-military di- ■■ Astana Summit their development path, and about sover- mension, such as promoting transparency Flags and posters with the OSCE Chairman- eignty and territorial integrity. We are creat- and co-operation, and in the economic-en- ship logo were on every corner in the capital ing democracy in a part of the world where vironmental dimension, such as promoting city of Astana as officials began arriving it has never been before. […] sound economic and environmental gov- ahead of the Summit. Almost 40 Heads of Eurasian security is not a metaphor but ernance, as well as a review of the OSCE’s State or Government, more than a dozen a real geopolitical fact. The Summit in As- structures and activities. The third meeting government ministers and numerous other tana therefore offers a good opportunity to (Astana, 26-28 November) again put the top officials from OSCE participating States, analyse the OSCE’s perspectives for global spotlight on the human dimension. international and regional organizations security. In our opinion the main task facing Non-governmental organizations took part in the Summit, the OSCE’s first the OSCE in the next decades is to system- (NGOs) actively participated in the debates since 1999. atically settle conflicts and foster confidence throughout the Review Conference. In ad- Opening the Summit on 1 December and integration, particularly within the dition, on the afternoon of 26 November, at the Palace of Independence, President framework of existing inter-State bodies.” prior to the start of the Astana segment, the Nazarbayev outlined the importance of the Long before presidents and other top

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Heads of State and ofeport the Chairmanship-in-Office Government listen to proceedings during the first day of the OSCE Summit in Astana on 1 December 2010. (OSCE/Vladimir Trofimchuk)

officials, including UN Secretary General proceedings from the plenary on closed- prepared to react to whatever events unfold Ban Ki-moon, delivered their speeches in circuit television, participating in numerous on the regional and global stage. In 2010, the plenary hall, other diplomats had be- press conferences and interviewing diplo- the crisis in Kyrgyzstan demanded much gun meeting in a nearby room to continue mats and OSCE officials. A special website attention and action from the OSCE and its negotiations about the content of a Summit in all six OSCE official languages kept jour- Chairmanship. declaration. These talks, which had started nalists and others informed about the latest Demonstrations began on the evening of 6 in Vienna, continued late into the night and developments. April in the north-western city of Talas. The grew in intensity as time passed. Even after Top officials also used the Summit as an following day, the demonstrations spread the speeches in the plenary hall ended in the opportunity to meet bilaterally or in smaller across Kyrgyzstan. By the end of 7 April, late afternoon of 2 December, the negotia- constellations, concurrently with plenary President Kurmanbek Bakiyev had fled the tors were still working hard, persistently try- speeches and declaration negotiations. The capital, a new interim “government of na- ing to find a way to formulate a declaration Heads of Delegation of the OSCE Minsk tional confidence” led by Roza Otunbayeva that would reach consensus. Finally, just Group Co-Chair countries — Russian Presi- had been established, and significant vio- before midnight on 2 December, the diplo- dent Dmitry Medvedev, French Prime Min- lence and looting had taken place in Bishkek mats agreed on a draft that was forwarded ister François Fillon, United States Secretary and in other provinces. to the Summit, which adopted The Astana of State Hillary Clinton — and Azerbaijani The OSCE Chairperson-in-Office- ex Commemorative Declaration: Towards a President Ilham Aliyev as well as Armenian pressed deep concern about the unrest in Security Community (see page 14). The final President Serge Sargsyan agreed on a state- a phone conversation with Kyrgyzstan’s press conference with President Nazarbayev, ment that the time had come for more deci- Foreign Minister Kadyrbek Sarbayev. On 8 which had been scheduled to begin at 12:30 sive efforts to resolve the Nagorno-Karabakh April, the Chairperson-in-Office dispatched p.m., started only after midnight. Hundreds conflict. They further agreed that a peaceful, his Special Envoy, Zhanybek Karibzhanov, of journalists attended. negotiated settlement would bring stability to Kyrgyzstan to support efforts to stabilize That press conference, like most press and security and is the only way to bring real the situation. He also expressed condolences conferences at the Summit, was held in the reconciliation to the peoples of the region. over the loss of life. press centre, located in the University of UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, who Arts, a short walk from the Palace of Inde- ■■ Crisis in Kyrgyzstan was making a planned visit to the OSCE Per- pendence. Almost 1,000 journalists covered Regardless of priorities, strategies and work manent Council on 8 April, used his speech the Summit from the press centre, watching plans, all OSCE Chairmanships must be to express concern about the situation. Ban

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 19 Voters at a polling Below left: Below right: station in Bishkek Kyrgyzstan’s Interim Ambassador Kairat during Kyrgyzstan’s Deputy Foreign Minister Abdrakhmanov, constitutional Roza Otunbayeva Chairperson of the referendum on 27 June in discussion with OSCE Permanent 2010. (OSCE/Alimjan Zhanybek Karibzhanov, Council, and UN Jorobaev) Special Envoy of the Secretary-General Ban OSCE Chairperson-in- Ki-moon at the OSCE Office in Bishkek on Permanent Council 9 April 2010. (OSCE/ meeting on 8 April Malik Alymkulov) 2010. (OSCE/Susanna Lööf)

Ki-Moon and Kanat Saudabayev agreed that interim government and President Bakiyev deep concern about the recent developments co-operation was needed. In Kyrgyzstan, on his departure from the country. “This de- in the southern regions of Kyrgyzstan. The Karibzhanov worked with UN Special En- velopment is an important step towards the Statement also offered assistance to Kyrgyz- voy Jan Kubiš (later Miroslav Jenča) and the stabilization of the situation, a return to a stan upon request in resolving the situation EU Special Representative for Central Asia, framework providing for the rule of law, and and in promoting post-conflict rehabilita- Pierre Morel. The Envoys visited Kyrgyzstan the prevention of a civil war in Kyrgyzstan,” tion. Kyrgyzstan had made such a request, four times together — 8-15 April, 13-16 Saudabayev said in a statement. and after discussions about how the OSCE June, 13-15 September and 21-23 November. Less than a week later — on 20 April — could best help, the Permanent Council on During his first visit, on the evening the Chairperson-in-Office was in Bishkek, 22 July adopted a Decision that authorized of 9 April, Karibzhanov met with Roza reiterating the OSCE’s readiness to further the deployment of an OSCE Police Advisory Otunbayeva, then the leader of the interim support efforts to restore public order and Group (PAG) to Kyrgyzstan (PC.DEC/947). administration. He offered the OSCE’s sup- the rule of law in the country in a meeting The group, comprising unarmed interna- port for measures to restore stability, and with Otunbayeva. Concurrently, the OSCE tional police officers and local community he called for dialogue between the parties. Centre in Bishkek was strengthened and mediators under the leadership of Swiss “Every conflict situation has two sides, and worked to assist Kyrgyzstan in its efforts to diplomat Markus Mueller, would assist the unless these sides make steps towards each return to stability, security and the rule of country’s efforts to reduce inter-ethnic ten- other, no third party can successfully resolve law through emergency assistance activities. sions, restore public order and strengthen it,” he told journalists after the meeting. He The Centre monitored the situation, main- the capacities of the territorial units of the met again with Otunbayeva on 15 April, tained contact with interlocutors in Kyrgyz- Interior Ministry. The head of the PAG and reiterating the need to restore the rule of stan and reported to the Chairmanship and an advance team led by Ambassador Muel- law, establish order and respect for human OSCE participating States. ler were deployed to Bishkek at the end of rights and fundamental freedoms as well But the situation, particularly in the south August. The deputy head and most of the as co-operate closely with the international of the country, remained tense. Between 10 team leaders arrived in December as part of community. and 14 June, deadly inter-ethnic violence the Community Security Initiative (CSI, see Later that same day, the Chairperson-in- raged in the Osh and Jalal Abad provinces. below). Office announced that efforts by Kazakhstan More than 400 people were killed. This new A constitutional referendum was held on President Nursultan Nazarbayev, United crisis resulted in a second visit by the OSCE 27 June 2010, in a relatively peaceful, trans- States President Barack Obama and Rus- envoy and his counterparts. parent and successful manner. The result sian President Dmitry Medvedev, as well as On 15 June, the Permanent Council ad- supported the constitutional amendments active mediation by the OSCE, the UN and opted a Statement on the Situation in Kyr- favouring a parliamentary system and Otun- the EU, had led to an agreement with the gyzstan (PC.DOC/1/10), which expressed bayeva remaining as interim president. The

20 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 R ODIHR Director Ambassador Bolat ofeport the Chairmanship-in-Office Janez Lenarcˇicˇ and Nurgaliyev, Special Ambassador Boris Frlec, Representative of the head of the ODIHR OSCE Chairperson for observation mission, Protracted Conflicts, speak with an election at a news conference official at a polling in Geneva on 27 July station in Mayeva, near 2010. (OSCE/Frane Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, Maroevic) during the constitutional referendum on 27 June 2010. (OSCE/Jens Eschenbaecher)

OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions (PA) observed the elections. ODIHR noted Geneva Discussions. The OSCE contin- and Human Rights (ODIHR) sent a Limited that the campaign was relatively calm and ued its work for the benefit of all through Referendum Observation Mission. It did not free and fair. Due to legal challenges, the multiple platforms, including the Geneva deploy short-term observers due to the secu- results were not formally announced until 1 Discussions, which started in October 2008. rity situation. November and Parliament only was seated Throughout the year the Chairmanship However, the situation in Kyrgyzstan re- on 10 November. Five parties entered Parlia- worked closely with the UN and the EU, co- mained in flux. Following extensive consul- ment. In descending order they were: Ata chairing the Geneva Discussions, involving tations between OSCE police experts and the Jurt, SDPK, Ar Namys, Respublika and Ata participants from Georgia, Russia and the government of Kyrgyzstan, the Permanent Meken. United States as well as from Tskhinvali and Council on 18 November adopted a Deci- A coalition government was established Sukhumi. The Discussions take place in two sion (PC.DEC/961) that adapted the support between Ata Jurt, Respublika and the SDPK parallel working groups, one dealing with to Kyrgyzstan’s police, taking into account on 17 December. security and stability and the other with hu- the changed circumstances and implement- manitarian questions, including internally ing the PAG on the basis of the Concept for ■■ Protracted conflicts displaced persons and refugees. Community Security Initiative (CSI). The The Astana Commemorative Declaration: Ambassador Bolat Nurgaliyev, the Special new Decision provided for a longer-term ap- Towards a Security Community, adopted Representative of the OSCE Chairperson for proach to police reform in Kyrgyzstan under by the 56 OSCE participating States at the Protracted Conflicts, together with Ambas- the CSI, a project that comprises support for Astana Summit, states that “Increased ef- sador Pierre Morel, the EU Special Repre- one year with up to 31 international staff, forts should be made to resolve existing sentative for Central Asia, and Ambassador supported by 27 locally recruited staff, work- conflicts in the OSCE area in a peaceful and Antti Turunen, the UN Representative, ing mainly in three provinces of Kyrgyzstan. negotiated manner, within agreed formats, co-chaired six rounds of the Geneva Discus- The CSI would facilitate confidence-building fully respecting the norms and principles of sions in 2010: 28 January, 30 March, 8 June, between the police and local communities international law enshrined in the United 27 July, 14 October and 15 December. Prior and, when appropriate, together with local Nations Charter, as well as the Helsinki Fi- to each round the Co-Chairs travelled to- NGOs mediate to facilitate, enhance and en- nal Act. New crises must be prevented. We gether, holding preparatory consultations in courage dialogue and co-operation between pledge to refrain from the threat or use of Tbilisi, Tskhinvali and Sukhumi. the police and the population, and between force in any manner inconsistent with the The Co-Chairs noted that during 2010 the different ethnic communities. purposes and principles of the Charter of the progress has been made. On 23 November, Parliamentary elections were held on 10 United Nations or with the ten Principles of the President of Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili October 2010. Representatives from ODIHR the Helsinki Final Act.” made a unilateral commitment on non-use and the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly of force, formalized in official letters to the

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 21 A session on arms Passenger trains on control and confidence- the Chisinau-Tiraspol- and security-building Odessa railway measures during the resumed operation OSCE Review Conference in October 2010 in Vienna on 21 October after a four-year 2010. (OSCE/Susanna hiatus. (OSCE/Igor Lööf) Schimbator)

UN, OSCE, EU, NATO and the President on the implementation of a package of organized a two-day Review Conference in of the United States. This was succeeded by water projects. Garmisch-Partenkirchen in southern Ger- statements from Sukhumi and Tskhinvali. many, aimed at assessing progress made by The participants at the last Geneva round on Moldova. During the year, there were some the joint expert groups. 16 December considered this as a major step positive dynamics in the Transdniestrian Examples of concrete progress are the forward. settlement process: five informal “5+2” resumption of rail passenger traffic on the One of the early results of the Geneva meetings focusing on freedom of movement Chisinau-Tiraspol-Odessa route, exten- Discussions, in February 2009, was the and guarantee mechanisms were held, and sion of a 2006 mechanism to allow Mol- creation of two Incident Prevention and the two political representatives (Moldovan dovan farmers access to their land on the Response Mechanisms (IPRMs) to discuss, Deputy Prime Minister Victor Osipov and Transdniestrian-controlled side, conclusion among other issues: identification of po- his Transdniestrian counterpart Vladimir of an agreement on simplified regulations tential risks, follow-up on incidents and Yastrebchak) met on a regular basis, to re- for the export of goods from Transdniestria exchange of information, as well as problems solve problems that affect the daily lives of by railway, and the beginning of expert ne- affecting the communities on a daily basis. people on both banks of the Dniester/Nistru gotiations on the reconnection of fixed-line While the Gali IPRM has functioned since River and that erode confidence between telecommunications between the sides. its inception, regretfully regular meetings the sides. Upon taking office, the Chairmanship of the Dvani/Ergneti mechanism broke The “football diplomacy” led to two meet- engaged immediately, with the Special down in October 2009. Following talks and ings between Moldovan Prime Minister Representative of the OSCE Chairperson frequent appeals, including by the OSCE Vlad Filat and Transdniestrian leader Igor for Protracted Conflicts visiting Moldova Chairperson, the meetings resumed on 28 Smirnov, which were instrumental in ad- on 3 February. During the visit, the Special October 2010. The Chairperson welcomed vancing concrete issues such as the reopen- Representative met with the acting president the resumption and underscored the impor- ing of the Chisinau-Tiraspol-Odessa railway of the Republic of Moldova Mihai Ghimpu, tance of the Dvani/Ergneti IPRM. Proper service in October 2010. The work of the Prime Minister Filat, Deputy Prime Min- functioning of both mechanisms will help joint expert groups on confidence-building ister Osipov, the Moldovan chief negotia- increase the level of trust and expand the measures (CBMs), which held 17 meetings in tor for Transdniestrian conflict resolution opportunities for resolving security and hu- 2010, also helped boost confidence between and with the leaders of the parliamentary manitarian questions within the framework the two sides. groups, including the opposition. In Tira- of the Geneva Discussions. In addition to the five informal “5+2” spol the Special Representative met Transd- To improve the quality of life for the meetings, a “3+2” (mediators and observers) niestrian leader Igor Smirnov, Speaker of the affected people, significant steps have visit to Moldova took place in September, Supreme Soviet Anatol Kaminski and chief been taken to resolve the supply of gas during which the “3+2” discussed CBMs negotiator Vladimir Yastrebchak. and water to the communities. In late with the heads of the joint expert groups. In On 1 April, the Chairperson travelled 2010, the OSCE negotiated an agreement November, the OSCE Mission to Moldova to Moldova to meet with the Moldovan

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The Heads of Delegation ofeport the Chairmanship-in-Office of the Minsk Group Co- High-Level Planning Chair countries met on Group the margins of the OSCE Informal Ministerial The Group, in accordance Meeting in Almaty on with its mandate, supported 17 July 2010. (OSCE/ the Chairmanship by prepar- Frane Maroevic) ing for the establishment and deployment of a multinational OSCE peacekeeping operation in the area of conflict dealt with by the Minsk Conference. The Group provided advice to the Chairmanship on several military aspects of a possible OSCE-led peacekeeping mission to the area and continued to review the four existing peacekeeping options and related supporting documents. The Group also provided assessments to the Chairman- ship and the Secretariat on the key challenges involved in the planning, establishment and deployment of an OSCE- led peacekeeping mission to the area of conflict.

Government in Chisinau and the Transdni- estrian leadership in Tiraspol. He urged the Office of the Personal Representative of the OSCE Chairperson-in- sides to continue their dialogue and work Office on the Conflict Dealt with by the OSCE Minsk Conference towards renewing official talks on a com- Throughout 2010, the Personal Representative, Ambassador Andrzej Kasprzyk, prehensive political solution to the Transd- continued to support the Chairperson and the Minsk Group Co-Chairs in their niestrian conflict. The Chairperson praised efforts to help negotiate a settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. the constructive role played by the OSCE He remained in close contact with representatives of the sides and kept the Mission to Moldova in the Transdniestrian Chairperson and Co-Chairs informed of relevant developments. settlement process and emphasized that the The Personal Representative supported the Co-Chairs in a series of meetings OSCE, through the Mission and its Institu- with the foreign ministers of Armenia and Azerbaijan and helped them tions, including the OSCE Representative prepare for meetings of the presidents held in January, June and October and on Freedom of the Media, the OSCE High hosted by the President of Russia. The last of these meetings resulted in an agreement to exchange prisoners of war (POWs) and return human remains, Commissioner on National Minorities and and on the need for further efforts to strengthen the cease-fire agreement and the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions confidence-building measures. and Human Rights, remained an important The Personal Representative and his team supported the Chairperson’s visit to resource at the disposal of the country to the region in February and seven such visits by the Co-Chairs in the course of the support its democratic development. year. In September, he led the Co-Chairs across the Line of Contact (LOC) and, in October, he and his team facilitated their field assessment mission. On more than The conflict dealt with by the OSCE Minsk 20 occasions, they conducted monitoring missions on the LOC and Armenian- Conference. In February the OSCE Chair- Azerbaijani border. Through this activity, and through interventions at the highest person visited Azerbaijan and Armenia, military and political levels, the Personal Representative was able to help reduce where he reiterated the Organization’s readi- tensions, including those arising following serious cease-fire violations. ness to give new impetus to the settlement Throughout the year, he maintained contact with representatives of the Minsk Group countries and with several multilateral organizations, working particularly of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and sup- closely with: port the mediation process. He offered his • the International Committee of the Red Cross, on issues relating to POWs, unconditional support for the efforts under- civilians and human remains; and taken within the Minsk Group framework • the United Nations, facilitating the involvement of experts from the to channel the negotiations into constructive UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in the Co-Chairs’ field dialogue. Following a fatal incident that took assessment mission. place during the night of 18-19 June at the Line of Contact in the Nagorno-Karabakh The Personal Representative also briefed representatives of the OSCE and of the conflict zone, the Chairperson expressed participating States, as well as other individuals and organizations with an interest in resolution of the conflict. serious concern and called for measures to

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 23 Assuming national ownership: Dayton Article IV Agreement

Fifteen years after the signing of the Dayton Peace Accords, Bosnia The year 2010 was intense and challenging, especially with regard and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia continue to show to the preparation and conduct of the Seventh Review Conference full compliance with the spirit of the Dayton Article IV Agreement in Vienna in July. At the meeting the Parties reinforced their political (Sub-Regional Arms Control in South-Eastern Europe) and continue commitment to continue implementation of the Agreement, and a to conduct all activities in an atmosphere of trust, friendship, trans- Corresponding Statement of the Contact Group was delivered. parency and co-operation. The ownership process was also given a substantial boost in 2010 In 2010, 18 inspections were carried out. In all, 643 missions have with the approval of a comprehensive two-phase action plan for the been conducted, involving 1,171 international assistants and result- transfer of responsibilities. The first phase of the plan, to be con- ing in the impressive reduction of 9,742 heavy weapons. cluded by the end of 2011, will reduce international assistance to a The meetings, visits and inspections conducted by the Parties in minimum. The second phase, which is planned to be concluded by the course of so many years were important, not only to fulfil the the end of 2014, involves the preparation of all necessary measures aim of Article IV, namely a balanced and controlled arms situation — legal, political, technical and organizational — for the transfer of in the sub-region, but also because they have been an invaluable full autonomy to the Parties. Once the second phase is concluded, tool to develop confidence between their political and military rep- the Office of the Personal Representative may be closed. The role of resentatives. Today’s stability in the sub-region is also the result of the OSCE will definitely shift from assistance to support. an arms control agreement that has proved its worth over the last The ownership process is supported by the OSCE community, the 14 years, producing real outcomes and contributing to the improve- European Union, the Contact Group countries and by the Parties ment of a military situation to such an extent that it can no longer themselves with the recommendation to proceed gradually. This be compared with conditions in the late 1990s. evolution in the direction of full autonomy should not be inter- Moreover, the Agreement continues to represent a fundamental preted as the international community withdrawing its support. On contribution towards the integration of the countries of the region the contrary, the international community will remain engaged as into the European and/or Euro-Atlantic institutions. In fact, all Par- the countries of the region progressively assume political ownership ties to the Agreement are moving ahead — although at different of the process. speeds — in attaining these important goals.

prevent similar incidents in future. seek a final settlement of the conflict, based The Chairmanship, with support of the On 26 June, on the margins of the G8 upon the principles and norms of interna- Secretariat’s Strategic Police Matters Unit Summit in Canada, the presidents of the tional law, the United Nations Charter, the and in partnership with the UN Office on OSCE Minsk Group Co-Chair countries, Helsinki Final Act, as well as the statements Drugs and Crime (UNODC), organized Russia, the United States and France, wel- of the Presidents of Russia, France and the a Conference on Combating the Threat comed as a significant step the recognition United States in 2009 and 2010. of Illicit Drugs and Strengthening Con- by both sides that a lasting settlement must trol of Precursor Chemicals (8-10 July). be based upon the Helsinki Principles and ■■ Chairmanship work across the Approximately 120 participants from 53 the elements that were proposed in con- dimensions OSCE participating States and Partners for nection with their statement at the L’Aquila The Annual Security Review Conference, Co-operation as well as eight international Summit of the G8 on 10 July 2009. in Vienna (14-16 June), addressed a range of organizations took part in the Conference, During the Informal Ministerial Meeting first-dimension challenges, including work which was aimed at enhancing the OSCE’s in Almaty on 17 July, the Heads of Delega- to update the Vienna Document 1999, a key role and assistance to participating States tion of the OSCE Minsk Group Co-Chair confidence- and security-building mea- in combating illicit trafficking in drugs and countries, the Foreign Ministers of Russia sure requiring participating States to share psychotropic substances, one of the most and France and the Deputy Secretary of information on armed forces and military profitable and dangerous forms of trans- State of the United States, met with the For- activities. The conference’s working ses- national organized crime. The conference eign Ministers of Azerbaijan and Armenia. sions focused on transnational threats and promoted information exchange on the pro- The Heads of Delegation of Russia, France challenges; the role of the OSCE in early duction and trafficking of illicit drugs and and the United States stressed that the ef- warning, conflict prevention and resolu- co-ordination of anti-drug activities among forts made by the parties to the conflict thus tion, crisis management and post-conflict key international and regional institutions. far had not been sufficient to overcome their rehabilitation; the role and perspectives of Participants also discussed the implementa- differences. arms control and confidence- and security- tion of relevant OSCE commitments and At the OSCE Summit in Astana on 1-2 De- building regimes in building trust in the how to improve international co-operation cember, the Heads of Delegation of the OSCE evolving security environment; threats and in the fight against illicit drugs and chemical Minsk Group Co-Chair countries, the Presi- challenges stemming from the territory of precursors. dent of Russia, the Prime Minister of France, Afghanistan and the OSCE’s contribution to On 14-15 October, the Chairmanship, the Secretary of State of the United States, stability in the region; and a review of OSCE with the assistance of the Secretariat’s Ac- and the Presidents of Azerbaijan and Arme- police-related activities. With the agreement tion against Terrorism Unit (ATU), orga- nia agreed that the time had come for more of the 56 participating States, the Confer- nized an Expert Conference on Successful decisive efforts to resolve the Nagorno-Kara- ence was extended by one day to accommo- Strategies, Effective Policies and Best Prac- bakh conflict. The Presidents of Armenia and date additional sessions on Afghanistan and tices to Prevent Terrorism. The Conference Azerbaijan reaffirmed their commitment to police-related issues. in Astana was attended by approximately

24 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 R

Mevlut Cavusoglu, President of the Members of the panel at the Second ofeport the Chairmanship-in-Office Parliamentary Assembly of the Preparatory Conference for the Council of Europe; Knut Vollebaek, 18th Economic and Environmental OSCE High Commissioner on Forum, in Minsk on 15 March 2010. National Minorities; and Dunja (OSCE/Vitaly Golovennko) Mijatovic´, OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media, at the High- Level Conference on Tolerance and Non-Discrimination in Astana on 29 June 2010. (OSCE/Velimir Alic)

140 participants from 39 OSCE participat- society, academia and the private sector June) marking the 20th anniversary of the ing States and Partners for Co-operation, addressed topics including international Copenhagen Document, a key reference as well as 13 international organizations legal instruments and new technologies document that outlines commitments in the and academia. The Conference took place for efficient border crossing and customs field of elections, rule of law and other fun- pursuant to OSCE MC.DEC/03/09 on Fur- procedures, good governance and anti- damental rights and freedoms. Five working ther Measures to Support and Promote the corruption, the transit needs of landlocked sessions examined the participating States’ International Legal Framework against Ter- developing countries, public-private part- compliance with Copenhagen commitments rorism. Sessions focused on strategies and nerships in road transport and best practices in the areas of elections and human rights, policies to prevent and combat terrorism as a in combating illegal trafficking and ensuring rule of law, national minorities and freedom transnational threat; the implementation of the security of inland transport, with the of movement, as well as measures to improve the international legal framework related to aim of enhancing cross-border partnership implementation. terrorism; the role of national capacity and and facilitating economic development and The discussions in Copenhagen were fol- institution-building; public-private partner- security in the OSCE region. lowed by a High-Level Conference on Toler- ships (PPPs) and the role of regional organi- The OSCE’s role in promoting energy se- ance and Non-Discrimination in Astana zations; and the identification and sharing of curity co-operation — as the only regional (29-30 June). As a country with 136 ethnic effective policies and good practices to coun- security organization bringing together key groups and 46 confessions, Kazakhstan has ter violent extremism and radicalization energy producers, consumers and transit played an important role in promoting toler- that lead to terrorism. The event resulted in countries in the Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian ance, non-discrimination and inter-cultural a Chairmanship Declaration, with a set of area — was the focus of an OSCE Special dialogue in the international arena. The recommendations (CIO.GAL/174/10). Expert Meeting on “Assessing the OSCE’s conference brought together more than 600 In the second dimension of security, the Future Contribution to International Energy participants, including government officials, 18th Economic and Environmental Forum Security Co-operation”, in Vilnius (13-14 politicians, public figures and civil society process — which included preparatory September). Organized by the Chairman- representatives, with the goal of advancing conferences in Astana (12-13 October 2009) ship in co-operation with the incoming 2011 implementation of OSCE commitments in and Minsk (15-16 March) and meetings in Lithuanian Chairmanship and the Office of these areas. A preparatory meeting for NGO Vienna (1-2 February) and Prague (24-26 the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and representatives was held on 28 June. May) — focused on promoting good gov- Environmental Activities, the meeting rec- ernance at border crossings, improving the ommendations were presented in a report by ■■ Work with Partners for Co- security of land transportation and facilitat- the Secretary General ahead of the Astana operation ing international road and rail transport in Summit. The Chairmanship made substantial ef- the OSCE region. High-level representatives The continued relevance of OSCE com- forts to further develop close co-operation from the governments of OSCE participat- mitments in the third dimension was under- between the OSCE and other international, ing States, international organizations, civil scored at a conference in Copenhagen (10-11 regional and sub-regional organizations and

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 25 Goran Svilanovic´, Co-ordinator of The Chairmanship OSCE Economic and Environmental launched the OSCE Activities; Abelgazy Kusainov, Talks seminar and Kazakhstan’s Minister of Transport; publication in 2010. and OSCE Secretary General Marc Perrin de Brichambaut at the OSCE 18th Economic and Environmental Forum, in Prague on 24 May 2010. (OSCE/Lubomir Kotek)

institutions, on the basis of the 1999 Plat- security-building measures, migration the first OSCE Talks seminar and publica- form for Co-operative Security. A detailed management, environmental threats and tion. The one-day seminar brought experts overview of OSCE interaction with other tolerance and discrimination, including on Central Asia to the OSCE Academy in organizations and Partner States in 2010 can the role of civil society in fostering peace Bishkek in November, where they engaged be found in the chapter on Partnerships for and security. with students and discussed challenges fac- Security and Co-operation, which begins on In November, the Chairmanship orga- ing the region, including developments in page 101. nized a counter-narcotics training course Kyrgyzstan and Afghanistan. A publication Work with the OSCE’s Asian and Medi- for Afghan police officers. The project was based on the seminar was distributed at the terranean Partners for Co-operation also developed in response to MC.DEC/0004/07, Astana Summit. gained new significance. A Chairmanship- on enhancing engagement with Afghani- The Summit and the Astana Commemo- supported workshop in Partner country stan, an OSCE Partner for Co-operation. rative Declaration did not signify the end of Thailand (24-28 January) highlighted the Ten Afghan police officers were trained by Kazakhstan’s efforts to enrich the work of unique advantages the OSCE’s model of instructors from Kazakhstan at the Police the OSCE: the first Vienna Experts Round- co-operation can bring to efforts to address Academy in Almaty. Participants in the two- table, bringing together leading experts transnational threats such as drug traffick- week “train-the-trainers” course learned from think tanks and academia with OSCE ing. The hands-on workshop, held in Thai- how to plan and organize drugs search op- delegations and officials, was convened land’s Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai provinc- erations and how to employ modern train- in Vienna on 13 December to assess the es, brought together officials from OSCE and ing methods in their work. The programme outcomes of the Summit and discuss the Partner countries, including Afghanistan, was developed with the help of experts from way forward. to study Thailand’s strategies for combating the All-Russian Advance Police Academy illicit crop cultivation and managing border in Domodedovo, which also provided a re- ■■ Looking ahead security. Another Chairmanship workshop, fresher course to instructors. As 2010 drew to a close, the participating in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia (9-10 February), States agreed on Ukraine’s chairmanship focused on combating trafficking in human ■■ Work with civil society and in 2013, following Lithuania (2011) and beings at the national, regional and interna- academia Ireland (2012). At the end of December tional levels. This expert workshop aimed to The OSCE security dialogue does not only the Chairmanship was also able to secure promote deeper understanding of the exist- take place in meeting rooms and between timely agreement on the Organization’s 2011 ing problems and encourage the exchange of States, but with key partners in civil soci- budget, a concrete signal of the participat- information and best practices. ety. The Chairmanship sought to promote ing States’ willingness to put their renewed The 2010 OSCE Mediterranean Confer- the active participation of civil society in commitment to strengthen the effectiveness, ence, which took place in Valletta, Malta (14- the Summit process. Further recognizing efficiency and transparency of the Organiza- 15 October), highlighted projects with the that the participating States would stand to tion into action. OSCE’s Mediterranean Partners. Exchanges benefit from the insights of academics and covered issues related to confidence- and experts, the Chairmanship also launched

26 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Permanent Council

The Permanent Council of the OSCE, which convenes Committee worked under the direction of Ambassador weekly at the Hofburg in Vienna, is a regular body for Heiner Horsten, Permanent Representative of Germany; political consultation and decision-making. In 2010, the Economic and Environmental Committee was led by Ambassador Kairat Abdrakhmanov of Kazakhstan pre- Ambassador Alyaksandr Sychov, Permanent Represen- sided over the Permanent Council, which met 56 times tative of Belarus; and the Human Dimension Committee and welcomed 42 guest speakers. On 8 April, UN Sec- was chaired by Ambassador Ana Martinho, Permanent retary-General Ban Ki-moon addressed the Permanent Representative of Portugal. These committees, as well as Council, the first address by a UN Secretary General to the Special and Personal Representatives of the Chair- the Permanent Council in 11 years. person-in-Office, Heads of Institutions, field operations In his opening address to the Permanent Council on and other working groups, helped to inform the debates, 14 January, Chairperson Kanat Saudabayev outlined a conclusions and decisions reached by the Permanent road map for work in the three dimensions, prioritiz- Council in 2010. ing concerns such as terrorism and other transnational It was an intense year for the Permanent Council, threats, protracted conflicts, Afghanistan, environmen- which adopted 53 decisions, including: tal and energy security, rule of law and tolerance. • recommending the appointment of a new Representa- With the guidance of the Chairmanship, the three tive on Freedom of the Media; committees spearheaded these efforts. The Security • recommending the extension of the mandate of the High Commissioner on National Minorities; Above left, from left: Co-chairs of the Minsk • deploying a Police Advisory Group to support Kyr- Group, Ambassadors Bernard Fassier of France, gyzstan’s efforts to calm inter-ethnic tension and re- Robert Bradtke of the United States and Igor store public order; Popov of the Russian Federation, in discussion • strengthening the OSCE Centre in Bishkek; before presenting their report to the OSCE Permanent Council in Vienna on 11 November • laying the groundwork for the OSCE Summit in 2010. (OSCE/Sarah Crozier) Astana; • implementing the Police Advisory Group on the basis Above right: Secretary General of the Council of Europe Thorbjorn Jagland (right) addresses the of the Community Security Initiative in Kyrgyzstan OSCE Permanent Council in Vienna on 1 July to improve police-public relations and enhance inter- 2010. (OSCE/Sarah Crozier) ethnic dialogue;

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 27 • recommending adoption of a decision on In addition to regular meetings, there were and crisis management, the Collective Secu- the 2013 OSCE Chairmanship (Ukraine); five Joint meetings of the Permanent Coun- rity Treaty Organization, the New Strategic and cil and the Forum for Security Co-operation Arms Reduction Treaty, cyber security and • approving the Unified Budget, on time for in 2010 (10 March, 15 April, 1 June, 2 June the Interim Report on the Corfu Process. the second consecutive year. and 5 July), focusing on conflict prevention

Guest speakers at the Permanent Council in 2010

14 January: (Special PC) President of 2 June: (Joint meeting with the Forum for 9 September: Personal Representative of the Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev (video Security Co-operation) Special Advisor, OSCE Chairperson-in-Office for Article IV address); Chairperson-in-Office of the Office of Cyber Affairs, US Department of of Annex 1-B of the Dayton Peace Accords OSCE, Secretary of State and Minister State Deborah Schneider Brigadier General Costanzo Periotto for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan Kanat Saudabayev 10 June: Minister for Foreign Affairs of the 23 September: EU Special Representative for former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia the Republic of Moldova Kálmán Mizsei 19 January: (Special PC) Minister for Antonio Milošoski Foreign Affairs and Co-operation of Spain 28 October: Secretary General of the Miguel Ángel Moratinos Cuyaubé 17 June: UN High Representative for the Organization of American States Jose Alliance of Civilizations Jorge Sampaio Miguel Insulza 19 March: (Special PC) Vice-Prime Minister and State Minister for Reintegration of 21 June: (Special PC) Minister for Foreign 4 November: Deputy Minister of the Interior Georgia Temuri Yakobashvili Affairs of Serbia Vuk Jeremić for Kyrgyzstan Nikolai Soldashenko. Separately, Personal Representatives of 8 April: (Special PC) UN Secretary-General 22 June: (Special PC) Minister for the Chairperson-in-Office on Combating Ban Ki-moon Foreign Affairs of Ukraine Kostyantyn Racism, Xenophobia and Discrimination, Gryshchenko also focusing on Intolerance and 15 April: (Joint meeting with the Forum for Discrimination against Christians and Security Co-operation) Secretary General of 24 June: Minister for Foreign Affairs of Members of Other Religions Mario the Collective Security Treaty Organization Thailand Kasit Piromya; Deputy Prime Mauro; on Combating Anti-Semitism Nikolay Bordyuzha Minister of Moldova Victor Osipov Rabbi Andrew Baker; and on Combating Intolerance and Discrimination against 6 May: Organization of the Islamic 25 June: (Special PC) Special Envoy of the Muslims Ambassador Adil Akhmetov. Conference Secretary General Ekmeleddin Chairperson-in-Office, Deputy Minister for (Mario Mauro could not attend the PC Ihsanoglu Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan Konstantin due to extenuating circumstances and Zhigalov submitted his report in writing.) Separately, 20 May: Minister of State for European Special Representative of the OSCE Affairs of France Pierre Lellouche; Special 1 July: Secretary General of the Council Chairperson‑in‑Office on Gender Issues Representative of the UN Secretary-General of Europe Thorbjorn Jagland. Separately, Wendy Patten. and Head of the UN Regional Centre for the Co-Chairs of the Geneva Discussions: Preventive Diplomacy for Central Asia Bolat Nurgaliyev, Special Representative of 11 November: Deputy Minister for Foreign Miroslav Jenca the Chairperson-in-Office; Antti Turunen, Affairs of Ukraine Pavlo Klimkin. Special Representative of the UN Secretary- Separately, Minsk Group Co-Chairs 27 May: Diplomat-in-Residence at General for Georgia and Pierre Morel, Russian Ambassador Igor Popov; French the Geneva Centre for Security Policy EU Special Representative for the Crisis in Ambassador Bernard Fassier and United and former head of the Independent Georgia States Ambassador Robert Bradtke and International Fact-Finding Mission on the Personal Representative of the Chairperson- Conflict in Georgia Ambassador Heidi 8 July: EU Special Representative for the in-Office Andrej Kasprzyk Tagliavini South Caucasus Peter Semneby 15 November: (Special PC) Chairperson-in- 1 June: (Joint meeting with the Forum for 22 July: Executive Secretary of the Office of the OSCE, Secretary of State and Security Co-operation) Assistant Secretary Commonwealth of Independent States Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of State for Verification, Compliance and Sergey Lebedev of Kazakhstan Kanat Saudabayev Implementation, United States Department of State Rose Gottemoeller; Director of the 29 July: Chairman of the Executive 18 November: Director of the Central Asian Department of Security and Disarmament Committee of the International Fund for Regional Informational and Co-ordination Affairs, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the Saving the Aral Sea Sagit Ibatullin Centre Beksultan Sarsekov Russian Federation Anatoly Antonov

28 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Forum for Security Co-operation

The three Chairs of the Forum for Security Co-operation (FSC), Greece, Hungary and Ireland, made best use of the regular security dialogue to highlight topical and significant issues relating to the politico-military security of all participating States. Issues discussed included developments in military doctrine, small arms and light weapons, non-proliferation, regional approaches and United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on women, peace and security. The Forum continued its close co-operation with the Permanent Council by organizing joint meetings on matters such as the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, the Collective Security Treaty Organisation, cyber security and the Interim Report on the Corfu Process.

The 2010 Annual Implementation Assessment Meeting Very significant progress was made on updating (AIAM) was characterized by renewed engagement, and modernizing the Vienna Document 1999. In FSC. active participation, interesting proposals and genuine DEC/1/10, the Forum agreed a procedure for regularly willingness for better mutual understanding. The Forum updating the Vienna Document, including organizing also contributed to the Annual Security Review Confer- a meeting in 2011 to reissue an updated version of the ence, with the Chair of the FSC delivering a report at the Document. In FSC.DEC/7/10, the Forum agreed to pay opening session. Participating States also agreed to hold particular attention to Chapters V and IX, and in FSC. a high-level military doctrine seminar in 2011 to discuss DEC/10/10, the Forum agreed to make its first change doctrinal and technological changes and their impacts to the Document in 11 years. Four more decisions to on defence structures and armed forces. change parts of the Document were taken before the end of the year, and a large number of additional proposals Above left: Journalists photograph work carried out as part of an OSCE-Ukraine project to safely remain under consideration for further discussion in remove stockpiles of mélange, a highly toxic 2011. In the Astana Commemorative Declaration, Heads rocket fuel component, in Tsenzhiv, western of State and Government looked forward to the updating Ukraine, on 24 June 2010. (OSCE/Alexander of the Document. Savelyev) Significant progress was also made in the area of small Above right: A member of the Ukrainian military arms and light weapons (SALW) and on stockpiles of takes a mélange sample at the depot in Radekhiv, conventional ammunition (SCA), both in terms of the in the Ivano-Frankivsk region of Ukraine, before the toxic substance is shipped for disposal, on normative aspects as well as practical projects. The Fo- 17 February 2010. (OSCE/Leonid Kalashnyk) rum adopted the OSCE Plan of Action on SALW, which

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 29 Irish Foreign Minister Micheál Ambassador Anatoly Antonov, Martin (left) addresses the OSCE Director of the Department of Forum for Security Co-operation Security and Disarmament Affairs in Vienna on 8 September 2010. at the Russian Foreign Ministry, (OSCE/Sarah Crozier) and Rose Gottemoeller, United States Assistant Secretary of State for Verification, Compliance and Implementation, at the Forum for Security Co-operation in Vienna on 1 June 2010. (OSCE/Susanna Lööf)

foresees the full implementation of agreed the challenges the OSCE and the participat- also reaffirmed their commitment to the commitments as well as a review of the ing States will face in the future. full implementation of the Organization’s implementation of principles, norms and Work on the Code of Conduct on Politico- confidence- and security-building measures measures in order to improve capacity and Military Aspects of Security focused mainly (CSBMs) and undertook to ensure that these efficiency over the course of the next two on developing a reference guide on the CSBMs continue to make a substantial con- years. A follow-up decision (FSC.DEC/17/10) questionnaire, which, it is hoped, will be tribution to security in the OSCE area. providing for a one-off information ex- adopted by the Forum in 2011. A number of change between participating States in the participating States sponsored an academic area of arms brokering was adopted by the study that provided major input to the draft Forum towards the end of the year. reference guide. The Forum also played an active role in The OSCE Summit in Astana and the preparing the OSCE’s input to the Fourth preceding Vienna segment of the Review Biennial Meeting of States to Consider Conference, devoted to the first dimension, the Implementation of the United Nations became a major focus for the Forum in the Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat second half of the year. The FSC Chair de- and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small livered a comprehensive report on develop- Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects ments in the Forum since the last Summit in (BMS4), held in New York in June. Istanbul, while three of the Review Confer- The provision of practical assistance to ence sessions focused entirely on areas of participating States in ensuring and enhanc- FSC work. These sessions provided extreme- ing safe and secure storage conditions for ly useful impetus for the work that followed SALW and SCA, as well as the destruction of in preparing an FSC input to the Summit. surpluses, remained high on the FSC’s agen- In the run-up to the Summit, delegations da. Over 7.5 million euros were spent during engaged in very intensive discussions to 2010 on practical projects, ranging from a agree an appropriate input that reflected rocket fuel (mélange) elimination project in the vital contribution of the FSC. The valu- the Ukraine to a SALW stockpile manage- able work of the FSC was noted by Heads ment project in Belarus. In spite of successes of State and Government in the Astana in this area, funding continues to be one of Commemorative Declaration, in which they

30 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 OSCE Parliamentary Assembly

Above left: OSCE Parliamentary Assembly President Petros Efthymiou (left) at the opening session of the Fall Meetings in Palermo on 8 October 2010. (OSCEPA/Klas Bergman)

Above right: Plenary voting at the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly Annual Session in Oslo on 10 July 2010. (OSCEPA/Nat Parry)

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 31 Secretary General: R. Spencer Oliver, re-elected in 2010 Budget: €2,856,000 OSCE www.oscepa.org Parliamentary Assembly

Over the past year, the Parliamentary Assembly (PA) continued to provide a vital forum for inter-parliamentary dialogue on topical issues. The crisis in Kyrgyzstan, transnational crime and corruption, the OSCE Eurasian dimension and the situation in Afghanistan have been debated by OSCE Parliamentarians at Assembly meetings in Oslo, Palermo, Almaty and Vienna. The PA led short-term observation missions for ten elections across the OSCE area in 2010.

■■ International Secretariat ■■ Crisis in Kyrgyzstan The OSCE PA Secretariat, with offices in Copenhagen The Assembly has been highly engaged in Kyrgyzstan and Vienna, has a multilingual, multinational staff. It since the outbreak of unrest in April. Soares appointed manages the affairs and ongoing activities of the Assem- Adil Akhmetov, a member of the Kazakhstan delega- bly and provides support to the work of the President tion to the OSCE PA, as Special Envoy to Kyrgyzstan on and the Bureau. For the 18th consecutive year, the PA 9 April. Ambassador Akhmetov travelled to Bishkek and has operated within its annual budget, continued to worked closely with representatives of other internation- build its reserves and received a clean bill of health from al organizations, reporting back to the PA President. He outside independent professional auditors. returned to Bishkek on 20 April with the OSCE Chair- person Kanat Saudabayev to further assess the situation ■■ Presidency and explore ways to overcome the political crisis. Petros Efthymiou of Greece was elected President of A group of senior OSCE Parliamentarians visited the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly at the Annual Ses- Kyrgyzstan in mid-May, led by Soares. The delegation sion on 10 July, succeeding Jõao Soares of Portugal, who met with the leader of the then-provisional government, had served since 2008. In his final address as President, Roza Otunbayeva, and hosted a roundtable discussion in Soares called for reviving the OSCE. “The OSCE’s flex- Bishkek that focused on exchanging experiences across ibility has been its strongest asset, but unfortunately, I the OSCE area in developing political systems and their have noticed an increasing tendency for OSCE activities potential applicability in Kyrgyzstan. to get bogged down in bureaucracy and in the cumber- The OSCE PA’s Special Representative for Central some decision-making process in Vienna,” he said. Asia, Kimmo Kiljunen, also conducted regular visits to “I am concerned with the lack of political relevance of Kyrgyzstan, meeting with a range of political interlocu- the OSCE, which is largely due to the current decision- tors across the country. Kiljunen is leading the Inter- making processes.” national Independent Commission for Inquiry into the Upon being elected, Efthymiou called for a stronger June events, with a report expected in early 2011. role for the Assembly, “both within the OSCE and in relation to our governments and other international or- ■■ Parliamentary dialogue ganizations”, emphasizing his strong will to promote the 19th Annual Session, Oslo, 6-10 July. The PA held its 19th OSCE’s principles, commitments and goals. Addressing Annual Session under the theme “Rule of Law: Combat- the Astana Summit on 1 December, he called for more ing Transnational Crime and Corruption”. Hosted by effective and continual review of implementation of the Norwegian Parliament, the Assembly elected Petros OSCE commitments by participating States and greater Efthymiou (Greece) as the new President. OSCE PA transparency and accountability in the management of Secretary General Spencer Oliver was re-elected for a the Organization. five-year term at the Standing Committee of Heads of In October, Efthymiou held high-level talks in Vilnius National Delegations. regarding the 2011 Lithuanian OSCE Chairmanship, The Assembly adopted the Oslo Declaration, which including discussions with President Dalia Grybauskaitė contained a resolution on the PA’s involvement in the and Foreign Minister Audronius Ažubalis. He also em- OSCE Corfu Process. This resolution highlighted the phasized the importance of raising the level of political importance of a parliamentary dimension in the on- dialogue in the OSCE, including through the appoint- going dialogue on security issues and again called on ment of people with high political profiles to senior posi- OSCE participating States to make better use of the Par- tions in the Organization. liamentary Assembly as a key element in the Organiza- tion’s efforts in promoting democracy.

32 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 OSCE Parliamentary A Right: Riccardo Migliori, Below left: Below right: Vice-President of The Joint Session OSCE Parliamentary the Parliamentary of the General Assembly Vice- Assembly, in discussion Committees meeting President Pia with Canan Kalsin, at the OSCEPA Winter Christmas-Møller Vice-Chair of the Meeting in Vienna addresses the Trans- Parliamentary on 19 February Asian Parliamentary

Assembly’s General 2010. (OSCEPA/Klas Forum in Almaty, ssembly Committee on Political Bergman) Kazakhstan, on 15 May Affairs and Security, at 2010. (OSCEPA/Klas the Winter Meeting in Bergman) Vienna on 18 February 2010. (OSCEPA/Klas Bergman)

Fall Meetings, Palermo, 8-11 October. More Winter Meeting, Vienna, 18-19 February. The effective as possible and has the support of than 200 OSCE Parliamentarians from 50 Winter Meeting included sessions of the our public.” OSCE countries participated in the OSCE three General Committees and a meeting Johannes Koskinen, of Finland, chairs the PA’s Ninth Fall Meetings. Taking place at of the Standing Committee. A highlight of Committee, which met three times in 2010. the Sicilian Regional Assembly, the Fall the two-day meeting was a special debate Meeting in Vienna in September, Commit- Meetings included a conference on the fight on the situation in Afghanistan. Assembly tee members discussed the PA’s involvement against transnational organized crime and Vice-President and Head of the Kazakh Del- in the Corfu Process with the Chairperson corruption and a Mediterranean Forum. egation Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, and Michel of the Permanent Council, the ten ambas- Participants included representatives of the Voisin, who serves as the Assembly’s Special sadorial Co-ordinators of the Corfu Process National Anti-Mafia Bureau, the UN Office Representative on Afghanistan, introduced and the OSCE Secretary General. In Paler- on Drugs and Crime, Transparency Inter- the debate. The Vice-President noted that mo, the Committee agreed to forward a se- national and Interpol. The meeting was also the Chairmanship has made stabilizing ries of previous OSCE PA recommendations addressed by the OSCE Chairperson Kanat Afghanistan one of its top priorities, while as input to the Corfu Process to parliaments Saudabayev, Lithuanian Interior Minister the Special Representative emphasized the and governments. These recommendations Raimundas Palaitis and Renato Schifani, importance of fighting corruption and tack- were also sent to the Chairmanship. President of the Italian Senate. ling poverty. The PA also appointed a new Special Representative on Gender Issues, a post es- Trans-Asian Parliamentary Forum, Almaty, ■■ Oversight and accountability tablished in 2003 to promote gender equality 14-16 May. Under the theme “The OSCE One of the Assembly’s most important in OSCE field operations and Institutions, Eurasian Dimension”, the Second Trans- tasks is to promote transparency and ac- including the Parliamentary Assembly itself. Asian Parliamentary Forum, organized countability within the OSCE, and to this Hedy Fry, of the Canadian Parliament, was jointly by the OSCE PA and the Parliament end, President Jõao Soares extended the appointed in October. She succeeds Tone of the Republic of Kazakhstan, included mandate of the PA’s Ad Hoc Committee on Tingsgaard, who had retired from the Swed- more than 100 Parliamentarians from Transparency and Accountability in the ish Parliament. Tingsgaard presented her 35 OSCE participating and Mediterranean OSCE in April 2010. In a note to Committee final report at the Annual Session in Oslo. Partner States. Parliamentarians from members, Soares emphasized that it is time While welcoming the appointment of a Afghanistan, Pakistan and Qatar also par- to reinvigorate the work of the Committee woman — Dunja Mijatović — as the OSCE ticipated in the Forum, which included two in order to ensure “better oversight of the Representative on Freedom of the Media, special sessions with discussions on Afghan- expenditure of taxpayers’ money within this Tingsgaard noted that “the OSCE has a long istan and Kyrgyzstan. Organization, to ensure that it remains as way to go before it reaches the status of a

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 33 Parliamentarians OSCE Parliamentary Suzana Grubješic´ Assembly President (left) and Gordana Petros Efthymyiou Cˇomic´ of Serbia (second from right) at the 2010 Fall addresses the opening Meetings in Palermo plenary session of on 9 October 2010. the OSCE Review (OSCEPA/Klas Conference in Warsaw Bergman) on 30 September 2010. (OSCE/Piotr Markowski)

gender equal Organization which properly • Wolfgang Grossruck (Austria), parliamen- mainstreams its work.” tary elections in Azerbaijan, 7 November; • Tonino Picula (Croatia), parliamentary ■■ Election observation elections in Moldova, 28 November; and It was a busy year for election observation • Tony Lloyd (United Kingdom), presiden- activities, with the Assembly leading a total tial election in Belarus, 19 December. of ten short-term observation missions in 2010. The PA deployed independent mis- ■■ Field work sions to the United States and to the United The Parliamentary Assembly has always Kingdom and worked with other parlia- insisted that the most important work of mentary assemblies and the OSCE Office for the OSCE is done in the field. In support of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights this vital work, several of the PA’s Ad Hoc in missions to Ukraine, Tajikistan, Bosnia Committees and Special Representatives and Herzegovina, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova and have paid official visits this year to Moldova, Belarus. In accordance with practice estab- Bosnia and Hezegovina and the countries of lished by a Co-operation Agreement from the South Caucasus. Working closely with 1997, the OSCE Chairperson appointed the the field operations in these countries, the following Parliamentarians to lead these parliamentary delegations have brought missions: added attention to their essential projects • Jõao Soares (Portugal), presidential elec- and initiatives. tion in Ukraine (17 January and 7 Febru- ary), parliamentary elections in the Unit- ed Kingdom (6 May) and mid-term elections in the United States (2 November); • Pia Christmas-Møller (Denmark), parliamentary elections in Tajikistan, 28 February; • Roberto Battelli (Slovenia), general elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 3 October; • Morten Høglund (Norway), parliamentary elections in Kyrgyzstan, 10 October;

34 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Field operations

Above left: The Drug Prevention Team of Tajikistan’s Drug Control Agency en route to Tojikabat in July 2010. (OSCE/Oliver Janser)

Above right: SStudents of the OSCE Academy in Bishkek on 12 March 2010. (Public Fund “Camp Ala-Too”/ Adilet Bekboev)

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 35 Hungary Slovenia

Croatia

Head of Presence: Ambassador Eugen Wollfarth AD Romania Budget (2010): €3,296,200 RIA TIC SEA Presence in www.osce.org/albania

Bosnia and Albania Herzegovina Montenegro Serbia Bulgaria

The Presence in Albania and its four Project Offices supported the strengthening of Kukës Ad Shkodër

ri the country’s public institutions, focusing on judicial, legislative and electoral reform, atic Tirana fYROM Se parliamentary capacity-building, anti-trafficking, police training, destruction of surplus a arms, good governance and property reform. It worked to advance media independence Albania and to strengthen gender and civil society structures. A highlight was a major technical Vlorë Greece assistance project supporting the modernization of Albania’s civil registration and Gjirokastër address systems, which resulted in providing the population with postal addresses.

■■ Politico-military dimension activities Presence provided conflict-of-interest training to 480 Strengthening the police. The Presence delivered train- ministry officials. The Presence also helped non-gov- ing to the State Police on police defensive tactics, police- ernmental organizations (NGOs) in five municipalities public partnership, internal control service investigation to strengthen their ability to network and lobby for the techniques, gender recruitment, covert monitoring of promotion of good governance principles. organized crime and crowd management. It also produced publications on police-public partnership and on Supporting property reform. The Presence started a proj- good practices for Roma and Sinti. To assist the border ect to help build capacities in the Immovable Property and migration police in implementing their Integrated Registration Office and register some 55,000 properties Border Management Strategy, the Presence supported in priority coastal areas. The Property Restitution and joint border co-operation meetings, training and the Compensation Agency was also supported to better development of cross-border agreements with neigh- manage the claims process and data. bouring countries. In support of the visa liberalization process, the Presence facilitated the installation of solar Fighting trafficking in human beings. In support of the generator systems, biometric passport readers and uni- Office of the National Anti-Trafficking Co-ordinator, versal power supplies at border crossing points, all of the Presence provided expertise in drafting legal rec- which are integral to Albania’s Total Information Man- ommendations to ensure compliance with Council of agement System, which tracks all people entering and Europe Conventions. The Presence also offered training leaving the country. to regional anti-trafficking committees to promote the involvement of local authorities in the prevention of traf- Destruction of surplus arms. In conjunction with the ficking of human beings and the management of traffick- Forum for Security Co-operation, the Presence worked ing cases. with the Ministry of Defence in providing six industrial band saws to be used in the cutting of large-calibre Promoting better environmental management. In line ammunition. The Presence also assisted in the manage- with Aarhus Convention recommendations on strength- ment of centralized disposal sites, provided three Shrike ening citizen participation, the Presence provided sup- electronic detonating machines and helped in the dis- port to the Aarhus Information Centres in Vlora and posal of toxic substances. Shkodra. Regular meetings were conducted with NGO and Government partners on matters including waste ■■ Economic and environmental dimension management and deforestation. Seven hundred NGO activities representatives and Government officials participated in Supporting decentralization. The Presence continued its training on good governance approaches to local plan- co-operation with local government associations, pro- ning and in public consultation events. The Presence viding support for a project on the transfer of public presented recommendations to the Government on draft properties from State to local governments and subse- laws to align national legislation with EU law. quent local management of public properties as a means to increase local revenue and enhance public services. ■■ Human dimension activities Electoral reform. The Presence provided support to the Promoting good governance. In supporting the High Central Election Commission in its preparations for Inspectorate for the Declaration and Audit of Assets, the local government elections in 2011 by establishing a

36 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Field Europe operations South-Eastern A promotional An Albanian Army Jozefina Topalli, announcement for expert labels one of Speaker of the Albanian Albania’s National 459 barrels containing Parliament, and Register of Addresses, 110 tonnes of the Ambassador Eugen a standardized, hazardous chemical Wollfarth, Head of electronic postal dichloro-ethane the OSCE Presence address system before it is shipped in Albania, address a implemented by the to Belgium and conference on increasing Government with incinerated, on 28 July women’s participation in assistance from the 2010. (OSCE/Klaas Los) political and public life, OSCE Presence in in Tirana on 9 November Albania in October 2010. (OSCE) 2010.

database of former election commissioners money-laundering and financing of terror- regional workshop on parliamentary over- and by co-hosting a meeting where former ism, mediation and environmental legisla- sight for Assembly staff. A joint meeting of election commissioners shared experiences tion. As part of its ongoing support to the the Albanian and Montenegrin European from the 2009 parliamentary elections. It Civil Service Commission, the Presence Integration Committees strengthened their also organized a study visit to the United provided training on civil servants’ rights commitment to increase the role of the Kingdom for Albanian election officials and civil service legislation for local officials Committee in the integration process. In co- to observe local elections and facilitated in six regions. The Presence also conducted operation with the Portuguese Parliament, the participation of Albanian experts in training for newly appointed probation of- the Presence carried out an assessment of an OSCE seminar on electronic voting in ficers and for social workers and published a the workflow on European integration issues Austria. manual on the probation service for judges within the Assembly. It also worked with the The Presence also assisted the Govern- and prosecutors. Hungarian Parliament to host a seminar to ment in establishing an electronic National provide expertise on the Assembly’s role in Register of Addresses, providing citizens Human rights. The Presence provided sup- the integration process. Support to the As- from 260 out of 373 local government units port to the drafting of the Law on Protection sembly’s administration focused on develop- with a full postal address. It provided sup- from Discrimination and secondary legisla- ing its communication and archiving capaci- port to digitalize the civil status source tion regarding the mandate of the Commis- ties and improving workflow procedures. documentation as archived in regional Civil sioner for the Protection from Discrimina- Furthermore, the Presence organized induc- Status Offices. tion. The Presence supported the Com- tion courses for parliamentarians, produced missioner by creating a website and public a handbook for parliamentarians and their Justice reform. A Fair Trial Development information materials. It also presented a staff, trained public relations staff, provided Project aimed at improving fair-trial manual focusing on the rights of minors and IT and English language training to the standards in civil proceedings continued, helped organize the Fifth International Hu- technical and administrative staff, installed with assessments of civil proceedings and man Rights Film Festival. an IT network and upgraded the library and a survey on public access to five district archiving premises. courts being undertaken. In terms of pro- Parliamentary strengthening. The Presence viding legislative support, written com- supported the National Security Commit- Supporting the media. The Presence worked ments were provided on the Criminal Code, tee in the drafting of a bill on parliamentary with media professionals to establish a self- construction inspection legislation, the oversight of information services. OSCE regulatory media body: the Albanian Media administrative courts, the prevention of missions in the region helped organize a Club. The club was officially registered,

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 37 Awareness-raising Representatives activities at the OSCE- of Albania’s Media supported Vlora Child Club meet with the Protection Unit on 21 Romanian Press April 2010. (Terre des Council in Bucharest Hommes) on 18 May 2010. (OSCE)

offices were established and personnel were planning seminars and a study visit to the hired. The Presence also facilitated a study United Kingdom, during which Council tour for club officials to Romania, where members met their British counterparts. members of the Romanian media commu- In Korca, the Civil Society Development nity shared their experiences with regard to Centre, the Municipality, civil society and self-regulation. the Presence extended the local Civil Society Development Fund to further enhance local Advancing gender equality. In co-operation citizen engagement. The Presence comment- with the Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs ed on a draft policy document on civil soci- and Equal Opportunities, the Presence ety produced by the Government in consul- helped organize a national conference on tation with civil society and also provided challenging gender stereotypes, aimed at policy recommendations on how to improve increasing women’s participation in gover- Albania’s civil education curriculum. nance. A national platform for women was launched at a second conference, marking the tenth anniversary of UN Security Coun- cil Resolution 1325. The Presence helped provide networking opportunities for women through regional forums, and 12 regional television programmes on women’s participation in public life also helped to raise awareness. The Presence carried out an assessment of the work of the National Council for Gender Equality and offered recommendations on how to improve the Council’s work. It also assessed the current situation of ministerial gender focal points, including their designation and terms of reference.

Promoting civil society. The Presence provided support to the National Council of People with Disabilities, organizing strategic

38 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Field Europe operations South-Eastern Head of Mission: Ambassador Gary Robbins Budget: €15,278,300 Mission to Bosnia www.oscebih.org

Hungary and Herzegovina Slovenia Croatia

Romania Bihać Banja Luka Doboj Brčko Bijeljina The Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina continued to support good governance objectives, Bosnia and Tuzla Herzegovina Serbia Zenica focusing on municipalities that are economically weak or politically difficult. The Mission Travnik Srobrenica Livno also continued its involvement in the effective processing of war crimes cases and related Sarajevo legislative and judicial reforms. Civic activism, inclusion and promotion of diversity in Mostar Foča education were among the Mission’s priorities. The Mission also supported Bosnia and A dr Trebinje ia Montenegro Bulgaria Herzegovina’s increased capacity for democratic control of the security, defence and ti c S intelligence sectors, and compliance with its politico-military commitments. ea

Albania fYROM

■■ Politico-military dimension activities officials witnessed the resourcefulness of the OSCE in Greece Increased capacity. Working closely with the Mission this regard, by assessing an OSCE-sponsored project to and other partners, officials in Bosnia and Herzegovina increase and improve storage sites in that country. In continued to develop good institutional practices in addition, the Mission continued to support the success 2010, while assessing their capabilities and requirements of the sub-regional arms control regime through its for sustaining and improving in the future. These prac- logistical, administrative and interpretation support to tices included the reaffirmation of core principles, such the OSCE’s Personal Representative for Article IV. as the OSCE Code of Conduct, and the importance of public-private partnerships. Additionally, they assessed Parliamentary oversight. The State Parliament and the the time, money and other resources required to operate Mission enhanced the capabilities of parliamentary the country’s complex network of security assets. Intense committees to oversee the State’s defence, security and discussions on strategic planning and decision-making intelligence institutions. The Mission’s advocacy of the aided this process, as seminars and workshops served to Parliamentary-Military Commissioner extended the enhance skills and awareness of emerging threats and oversight function to increase focus on human rights in resources. By combining talents and expertise from a the Armed Forces. It included participation in field visits broad cross-section of society, the Mission and national and a conference to discuss the Commissioner’s role authorities reaffirmed that strong partnerships are use- and function with national military and parliamentary ful tools for promoting and maintaining security. authorities.

Compliance with commitments. Government authorities ■■ Economic and environmental dimension and the Mission endeavoured to improve the fulfilment activities of the State’s politico-military commitments. Foster- Good governance and the rule of law in education. The ing and building upon inter-agency co-ordination, first conference of education inspectors from the West- this partnership encouraged more direct involvement ern Balkans was held in Sarajevo to strengthen the by State and entity officials in the fulfilment of their regional network of inspectors and competent educa- OSCE commitments. The national Armed Forces dem- tion authorities. Initiated and supported by the Mission, onstrated their commitment by conducting the Third the first financial guide for school directors in South- Annual Seminar on Confidence- and Security-Building Eastern Europe was developed and presented to 700 Measures and Other Politico-Military Commitments, school directors in Bosnia and Herzegovina. After more with support from the Mission. This event demonstrated than a year of work, school directors came together to that such commitments are as relevant to military com- establish two State-level associations — one for primary manders as they are to civilian ministers. school directors and one for secondary schools. Within the Better Governance, Better Schools Project, the Mis- Arms control. Together with its strategic international sion trained 50 school board trainers, who will in turn partners and parliamentarians, the Mission urged au- train members of school boards in Republika Srpska and thorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to destroy their several cantons. surplus munitions. They also encouraged them to set in motion the required actions to improve the conditions ■■ Human dimension activities for storing weapons and ammunition. In co-operation Fostering civic activism. The Mission launched hun- with the OSCE Conflict Prevention Centre, military dreds of community engagement initiatives aimed at

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 39 Education inspectors Mayor Dragoljub from the Western Davidovic of Balkans meet for the Banja Luka greets first time to discuss participants at an quality assurance in inter-municipal education in Sarajevo leadership workshop on 20-21 October on 9 November 2010. (OSCE/Aida 2010. (OSCE/Maja Besic) Babic)

increasing the level and quality of civic par- Promoting tolerance, diversity and partici- Commission for Refugees and Displaced ticipation in local community and munici- pation of national minorities. Following its Persons, continued. pal affairs across the country. An important involvement in the drafting of the seminal focus was the development, implementation Law on Prohibition of Discrimination, the Gender equality. The Mission conducted and promotion of youth-related legislation at Mission supported an awareness-raising awareness-raising, training and public dis- various levels of government. campaign to ensure civil society and key cussions about this much-neglected issue. domestic institutions are ready and able The Mission also monitored institutional Promoting inclusion. The number of mu- to implement the law. As part of the Kalei- responses to domestic violence and sup- nicipalities implementing the Index for doscope National Minorities Project, the ported initiatives to improve communica- Inclusion increased to 40, with schools inde- Mission trained 600 teachers in fostering tion among responsible agencies, including pendently taking steps to promote cross-cul- intercultural competences, while within the the formalization of protocols. tural exchanges. A conference emphasized History for the Future Project, several large- the role of parents in building inclusive and scale fora enabled hundreds of experts to Supporting justice sector reform. The Mis- democratic schools. Thousands of students, learn how history can actually help facilitate sion transferred a process to establish a teachers and parents took part in Building reconciliation. Other national and regional National Preventive Mechanism as required Bridges projects for cross-ethnic events, initiatives promoted the EU framework of by the Optional Protocol for the Convention with an emphasis on sustainability. key educational competences, emphasizing against Torture to national authorities. To intercultural skills, teacher training and further support victims’ rights in crimi- Ombudsman reform. The Mission played an modern approaches to language learning. nal proceedings, the Mission produced a active role in efforts aimed at establishing a The Mission also continued to advocate for Know Your Rights and Duties leaflet and a single and unified Ombudsman for Bosnia the implementation of the Roma Action damage-compensation-claim template for and Herzegovina — a goal finally reached in Plans on Education, Employment and Hous- victims who may not have defence counsel 2010. The Mission continues to facilitate the ing and worked to build the operational ca- to assist them. consolidation of the Ombudsman to ensure pacities of the Council of National Minori- the reform is irreversible. ties as well as local associations. The Mission Accountability for war crimes. The Mission led the initiative to adopt the National Strat- issued three public reports through the Ca- Social protection and housing. The Mission egy for National Minorities. pacity Building and Legacy Implementation promoted the development of a National Project identifying challenges in war crimes Housing Strategy, supported local social Sustainable return. The Mission secured the proceedings, such as witness protection. The housing initiatives and continued human adoption of the Revised Strategy for Imple- Mission provided technical advice and sup- rights training for social workers. mentation of Annex VII. Activities aimed at port to the implementation of the National the closure of collective centres and sustain- Strategy for War Crimes Processing, though able return initiatives, including the State progress remains slow.

40 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Field Europe operations South-Eastern Representatives of Students from 12 the OSCE Mission primary schools in visit a Roma Mostar participate in community in the a Culture of Tolerance municipality of Tuzla workshop in October on 2 September 2010. (OSCE/Radmila 2010. (OSCE/Danica Vlatkovic) Pelemis-Subotic)

Combating hate crimes. Events were held municipal councils and establishing mecha- Parliament to enhance the capabilities of throughout the country to promote better nisms to strengthen accountability. parliamentary committees that oversee the understanding of the impact of hate-related State’s defence, security and intelligence incidents and to encourage appropriate re- Ensuring the integrity of the Federation’s bodies. The Mission’s advocacy of the coun- sponses by authorities. The Mission provid- Civil Service System. The Mission supported try’s Parliamentary-Military Commissioner ed support to domestic authorities in draft- efforts to re-establish Bosnia and Herzegovi- extended the oversight function to increase ing legislative amendments and promoting na’s Civil Service System after a ruling of the focus on human rights in the Armed Forces. their correct application. Constitutional Court affected its competen- It included participation in field visits and cies and threatened further fragmentation. a conference to discuss the Commissioner’s Human trafficking and gender-based A conference gathering key actors was or- role and function with national military and violence. The Mission monitored trafficking- ganized by the OSCE in December, and the parliamentary authorities. Also, the Mission related cases and put forward amendments Mission will continue to work with domestic supported the State Parliament in develop- to relevant legislative frameworks, as well as and international partners in developing ing its first Communications Strategy, aimed the effective prosecution of these cases. The a new legislative framework for the Civil at improving internal communication and Mission also supported non-governmental Service in 2011. the public image of the Parliament, and sup- organizations, local authorities and judicial ported the development of IT applications institutions to more effectively respond to all Supporting the Central Election Commission that will lead to more efficient document forms of gender-based violence. (CEC). The Mission implemented an extra- processing and faster handling of legislative budgetary project aimed at improving the material. The Mission further supported the Supporting democratic governance and inter- management of elections in Bosnia and Her- development of a manual for newly elected municipal co-operation. The Mission sup- zegovina. An integrated Information Elec- parliamentarians and a manual on inter- ported the development of inter-municipal tion System was established, which resulted national relations and protocol. Debates learning networks and partnerships among in the CEC presenting preliminary results between parliamentarians and high school 36 municipalities. Areas in need of improve- of the 2010 general elections six times faster graduates were held to increase civic aware- ment were identified based on the comple- than any previous election. The Mission also ness and motivate young people to vote. tion of the Common Assessment Framework supported the CEC in implementing the Law self-assessment tool. Within the Local First on Conflict of Interest and the Law on Politi- project, the Mission supported 23 munici- cal Party Financing by supporting training palities facing systemic political difficulties for elected officials, political party, mass and lacking basic democratic governance media and civil society representatives. practices. These municipalities made progress in participatory strategic planning and Parliamentary support and monitoring. The budgeting, improving the effectiveness of Mission supported the work of the State

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 41 Hungary Slovenia

Croatia Head of Mission: Ambassador Werner Almhofer Budget: €23,546,600 Mission in www.osce.org/kosovo ADRIAT Romania IC SE A Bosnia and Kosovo Herzegovina Serbia The Mission in Kosovo1 continued its core work in monitoring the work of institutions in Kosovo for compliance with human rights standards and principles of good governance. The Mission also continued to promote human rights — and in particular community Mitrovicë/Mitrovica Montenegro Prishtinë/Priština rights — at all levels in Kosovo. Pejë/Peč Bulgaria As an international civilian organization with the largest field presence, the Mission Kosovo Gjilan/Gnjilane promotes mutual respect and tolerance among all ethnic groups, as well as the Prizren development of a democratic and multi-ethnic society. A Albania dr iati c Se fYROM 1 All references to Kosovo institutions/leaders refer to the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government. a

Greece

■■ Human dimension activities framework and conducted legal-drafting training for Community rights. The Mission continued to monitor legal officers. and to report on the rights of communities in the areas of return and repatriation, security and freedom of Rule of law. In 2010, the Mission issued 12 monthly re- movement, and use of languages. It lobbied relevant in- ports highlighting human rights concerns in the justice stitutions to enhance communities’ public participation system. The Mission also published thematic reports on and access to public services. The Mission increased its war crimes trials, the use of detention in criminal pro- focus on return and reintegration activities by imple- ceedings, family law cases and the treatment of persons menting capacity-building, empowerment and advocacy with mental disorders by the Kosovo justice system. The initiatives and reached out regularly to communities at implementation of recommendations from these reports all levels. The Mission supported inter-community dia- was discussed at 25 roundtable meetings with relevant logue and raised awareness amongst communities about stakeholders, including the Kosovo Judicial Institute. Fi- policies and procedures to promote and protect their nally, the Mission continued to monitor and assist in the rights. development of a human rights-compliant police service. Together with the OSCE Office for Democratic Institu- Property rights. The Mission organized several work- tions and Human Rights, the Mission produced a book- shops to assist municipalities in addressing property let, Understanding Hate Crimes, which will be followed and housing challenges. To tackle issues that impact by workshops to ensure that police properly address this the sustainability of the returns process and economic issue and understand the importance of combating hate development, the Mission promoted long-term land crimes. allocation for housing projects for returnees and organized an international conference on “Property Rights Anti-trafficking.The Mission organized anti-trafficking in Transition: Challenges to the Future Development of training throughout Kosovo for teachers, police officers, Post-Conflict Kosovo”. Finally, the Mission continued customs officers, municipal officials and non-govern- monitoring the protection and promotion of cultural mental organizations to help participants identify, refer and religious heritage, advocating for the implementa- and assist victims of trafficking in human beings. In the tion of relevant legislation. last quarter of the year, the Mission conducted campaigns to raise awareness throughout Kosovo, including Human rights. The Mission continued to support central radio and television programming, debates, lectures and and local institutions in improving their compliance film screenings. with human rights standards. It delivered specialized training to municipal officials in the areas of basic -hu ■■ Good governance man rights, the revised Strategy and Action Plan on Local governance. The Mission continued to facilitate Repatriated Persons, expropriation and the rights of dialogue on local governance reform between central persons with disabilities. As a result, municipal hu- and local institutions through its Municipal Leadership man rights units are better informed and equipped to Forums. In 2010, in addition to budget planning and promote human rights within the municipality and provision of public services, the Forums were also used also to fulfil their mandates as remedial human rights to discuss and help streamline the central-local co- mechanisms. Furthermore, the Mission continued to ordination in other policy areas, including the transfer monitor the human rights compliance of the legislative of competencies.

42 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Field Europe operations South-Eastern Mission Marks Democracy Day Below left: Below right: An artist in Rahovec/ High school students On 15 September, the Mission organized more than Orahovac creates a from six towns 30 events Kosovo-wide to mark the International Day graffiti work to mark participate in a of Democracy. The events organized under the slogan the International Day democracy quiz in “Accept the Challenge of Democracy” included open- of Democracy on Gjakove/Djakovica day sessions at more than 20 municipalities, public 15 September 2010. in western Kosovo, discussions on various aspects of democracy, lectures (OSCE/Besfort Oruci) organized by the OSCE Mission in Kosovo on for students, democracy quizzes, as well as drawing and 15 September 2010. essay competitions. The aim of the events was to mobilize (OSCE/Besfort Oruci) grassroots support for democratic processes, encourage the active involvement of all communities and raise awareness of achievements and challenges of democracy.

Through strengthened co-operation with The Mission’s support to non-Albanian standards, including sustainability and in- the Ministry of Local Government Admin- Assembly Groups started to deliver results, tegrity. The Mission also continued its non- istration, the Mission effected improvements as illustrated by a three-fold increase in executive technical advice and support role in both legal drafting and legal compliance the number of comments, proposals and in relation to the Central Election Commis- by the local governments. It also contributed amendments to draft laws tabled by these sion and other electoral bodies. to better qualitative assessment of municipal groups compared with 2009. The Mission performance by the Ministry of Local Gov- also continued to support women’s and Media. The Mission assisted the broadcast ernment Administration. youth forums of political parties, as well as regulator in concluding the long-term their elected counterparts in the Assembly. licensing of the media. In addition, the Assembly support. In addition to helping Mission continued to advise the Assembly the Assembly of Kosovo revise its rules of Oversight of the independent institutions. of Kosovo in efforts to amend media leg- procedure, the Mission also supported key The Mission provided assistance in the islation so that it is more closely aligned committees — such as the Committee on drafting of new legislation governing the with prevailing international practices. It Human Rights, Gender Equality, Missing Ombudsperson Institution and the Inde- also provided support to the public broad- Persons and Petitions; the Committee for pendent Oversight Board for the Kosovo caster in improving its programming in Community Rights and Interests and Re- Civil Service, which will help improve the non-Albanian community languages, turns; the Committee for Agriculture, For- standing of the two institutions and facili- mainly through the inclusion of local and estry, Rural Development, Environment and tate the implementation of their respective regional media outlets as content providers. Spatial Planning; the Committee on Internal mandates. With support of the Mission, Affairs and Security; and the Committee on the annual reports of the two independent Higher education. The Mission continued to Legislation and Judicial Affairs — in their institutions to the Assembly were adopted promote access to quality higher education exercise of legislative oversight. The Mission without delay. for non-Albanian communities in Kosovo, provided the committees with technical as- through the establishment of a Teachers’ sistance in the drafting of key legislation in Elections. The Mission supported electoral Centre at the Faculty of Education in Priz- accordance with international standards and reform by providing technical advice to the ren. In order to enhance employment pros- facilitated participation by committee staff Elections Working Group. The Mission’s pects of Kosovo Serb graduates, the Mission and elected members in exchanges of inter- long-standing electoral experience ensured facilitated the establishment of a career cen- national best practices. reforms in line with international electoral tre at the University in Mitrovicë/Mitrovica

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 43 The Mission in Kosovo Paramedics of the implemented a street- Kosovo Emergency safety campaign to Service test their skills encourage drivers in a simulated exercise to obey traffic rules, on 1 October 2010. especially speed limits. (OSCE/Besfort Oruci) (OSCE/Besfort Oruci)

as well as a student centre at its Gračanica/ and action plans to combat terrorism, or- contributed in the drafting and approval Graçanicë campus. Specialized training in ganized crime, drug trafficking and cross- process of the new PIK law. Experts from the the area of quality assurance was delivered border crimes, the Mission supported their Mission focused on keeping the new law in to the University in Mitrovicë/Mitrovica, implementation by organizing numerous line with the applicable European standards resulting in the award of a first-ever EU- advanced and specialized training courses and preserving the structure of the agency Tempus grant worth close to €400,000. and workshops on religiously motivated ter- as it was established by the OSCE in 2006. rorism, cybercrime, trafficking of drugs and Through monitoring and advising, the ■■ Politico-military dimension intelligence-led policing. As a result of these Mission continued to support the senior activities courses, the Kosovo police started to con- management of the Kosovo Centre for Police-public partnerships. Promotion of duct very successful operations combating Public Safety Education and Development community-oriented policing as a crime- organized crime. Soon after the conclusion (KCPSED) in its accreditation and certi- reduction and prevention tool remained a of the Advanced Cybercrime Investigations fication process. The Mission facilitated core activity. The Mission supported various training, police arrested seven suspects ac- the activities of the working group tasked community safety forums, such as the Local cused of producing counterfeit bank cards. with improving the legal framework of the Public Safety Committees and the Munici- The Mission also supported public safety KCPSED and strengthening its communica- pal Community Safety Councils, comprised agencies by offering advice and expertise tion with other public safety agencies. of community and police representatives, on training-related issues, with special em- to address and resolve various security and phasis on advanced training in the fields of public safety issues, especially issues con- extreme operations, specialized investiga- cerning the communities. tive interviewing, speech and voice analysis, To strengthen community outreach forensics, surveillance, risk analysis and activities, the Mission conducted various performance management. Kosovo-wide community-policing and The Mission provided Kosovo police and safety awareness campaigns to improve the other public safety agencies with expertise public’s understanding of community safety in training needs assessment, curriculum forums and to build a sustainable and trust- development and further improvement of worthy relationship between the police and the existing training and train-the-trainer the public. programmes to bring them in line with prevailing international standards. Strengthening public safety agencies. After To improve the performance of the Police facilitating the development of strategies Inspectorate of Kosovo (PIK), the Mission

44 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Hungary Slovenia Field Europe operations South-Eastern Head of Mission: Ambassador Sarunas AdomaviciusCroatia from 1 October, succeeding Ambassador Paraschiva Badescu, whose mandate ended on 10 September Mission to Budget: €2,392,100 www.osce.org/montenegro AD Romania RIA Montenegro TIC SEA

In line with its mandate, the Mission assisted Montenegro in strengthening the capacity Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbia and effectiveness of institutions and furthering its reform agenda. This included supporting the implementation of the new Criminal Procedure Code, the second phase Montenegro of the Court Monitoring Project, the new Strategy on the Fight against Corruption Danilovgrad Bulgaria and Organized Crime, as well as the Code of Ethics for municipal officials. The Mission Podgorica continued to provide strong support for the full implementation of the Law on Free Ad ria tic Access to Information. Partnership with the host country on initiatives to develop Se Albania a fYROM regional co-operation resulted in regional conferences on crisis management, local self- governance and criminal matters.

Greece

■■ Politico-military dimension activities Community-oriented policing. The Mission success- Politico-military affairs programme. The Montenegro fully implemented the Community Policing Project for Demilitarization Programme (MONDEM), a joint proj- Border Police in three pilot sites and expanded it to four ect of the Government, the OSCE and the United Na- others, thus covering the entire green border. Thirty tions Development Programme (UNDP), facilitated the border police officers participated in a two-week course destruction of almost 500 tonnes of unstable munitions on community-oriented policing. in 2010. Building upon the Programme’s achievements, the Mission signed a Memorandum of Understanding ■■ Economic and environmental dimension with the Ministry of Interior and the UNDP Country activities Office to expand activities to control and reduce the Environmental issues. The Mission organized events to number of small and light weapons in possession of strengthen the institutional capacities of the Ministry of citizens. To contribute to accountability and greater par- Environment and the Environmental Protection Agency, ticipation of the public in defence reform, the Mission including public awareness campaigns, workshops for continued to support the holding of regular media brief- national and local environmental officers and public ings by the Defence Ministry. debates with civil society organizations.

Organized crime and anti-corruption. The Mission ■■ Human dimension activities supported the Police Directorate’s Organized Crime Parliamentary support. The Parliamentary Support Department by providing specialized training on cy- Project provided training on management and research bercrime, money-laundering and undercover investiga- skills to the Parliamentary Service. Nine parliamentary tions and a course on operational police tactics. It also outreach activities were organized to strengthen ties organized a two-day anti-corruption seminar for traffic with citizens and provide parliamentarians with input police and the Internal Control Department. for their legislative and oversight work.

Anti-trafficking.The Mission organized a regional meet- Good governance. The Code of Ethics for municipal em- ing on trafficking in human beings for co-ordinators ployees and elected officials, drafted by the OSCE and from the national police services of the South-Eastern the Council of Europe, was adopted and implemented in European countries, as well as a course on illegal migra- all 21 municipalities. Best practices were promoted at the tion and human trafficking for criminal police officers in municipal level with the Union of Municipalities. Montenegro. Civic participation. The Mission, together with a local Border policing. The Mission facilitated the process of non-governmental organization and municipal stake- implementing the Bilateral Co-operation Agreements holders, developed a youth action plan for Bijelo Polje. and Protocols on Joint Patrols and Regular Exchange of Information, concluded by Montenegro with Bosnia and Civil society. The Mission supported a working group to Herzegovina and Serbia. It also organized training on streamline and improve the legislative framework for drugs-identification procedures at border crossings and civil society organizations and submitted its recommen- on joint patrols for border police and customs officers. dations to the Government.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 45 Below from left: Susanne Kastner, Chair Danica Vukovic, the of the Committee for Defence, German first female community Bundestag; Mevludin Nuhodzic, Chair police officer in of the Committee for Security and Montenegro, at work Defence, Parliament of Montenegro; Axel in the municipality of Janick, Senior Parliamentary Advisor of Pljevlja on 22 July 2010. the OSCE Mission to Montenegro and (OSCE/Patrick McNulty) Ambassador Sarunas Adomavicius, Head of the OSCE Mission to Montenegro, at the presentation of Public Discourse: A Form of Direct Participation of Citizens in the Legislative Process, a handbook on parliamentary hearings, in Podgorica on 2 November 2010. (OSCE/Mia Lausevic)

Roma. The Mission, in co-operation with Reform of the criminal-justice system. debate to improve and harmonize legislation Roma civil society activists, conducted The Mission helped implement the new pertaining to free access to information. seminars for Roma women on access to Criminal Procedure Code and the amended The Mission continued to promote the healthcare. The Mission supported the Criminal Code by developing publications implementation of the Law on Free Access Roma Scholarship Foundation in promoting and training tools for legal practitioners and to Information among civil servants and Roma inclusion and integration. by providing specialized training. The sec- public officials. ond phase of the Court Monitoring Project Gender equality. The Mission and the Min- helped improve administration of justice Media development. The Mission supported istry of Human and Minority Rights sup- with regard to the right to a fair trial. efforts to enhance communication between ported the implementation of local gender the media and institutions by providing action plans to assist unemployed women in Strengthening human rights institutions. The public relations training, organizing de- rural areas and advocated for greater politi- Mission assisted the Constitutional Court in bates and publishing guidelines on the new cal participation of women at the national aligning its practices regarding constitution- Criminal Procedure Code. The Mission level. al complaints with international standards. assisted in the process of transforming State In co-operation with the OSCE Office for broadcasting to public-service broadcasting Durable solutions for displaced persons. Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, through professional advice and analysis of The Mission, together with the UN High it provided legislative support for anti- programming. Investigative journalism was Commissioner for Refugees, supported an discrimination and ombudsman legislation supported by organized trainings for young information campaign to promote the pro- and helped the Ombudsman Institution in journalists. cess of resolving the status of the displaced assuming its new mandates. population. Fight against corruption and organized crime. Judiciary reform. The Mission supported The Mission supported the development of regional judicial co-operation in criminal the new Strategy on the Fight against Cor- matters by co-organizing the First Regional ruption and Organized Crime for 2010-2014 Conference of Presidents of Supreme Courts and its Action Plan for 2010-2012. It also and Prosecutors. This conference will take provided specialized training to the judicia- place annually, and a regional agreement on ry on financial investigations and integrity. co-operation between the Supreme Courts is to be drafted. Media legislation. The Mission, in co- operation with the Government, civil society and international experts, launched a

46 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Field Europe operations South-Eastern Head of Mission: Ambassador Dimitrios Kypreos Budget: €7,932,100 Mission to www.osce.org/serbia

Serbia Hungary

Slovenia

The Mission worked in partnership with Serbia’s authorities and civil society to further Romania develop the country’s democratic institutions, enhance policies for protection of human Croatia rights and improve the rule of law. It offered expert and financial assistance to the Belgrade AD landmark elections of 19 National Minority Councils. Through the Mission’s effortsRIA in TIC SEA Bosnia and co-operation with the host country, Serbia’s ethnic Albanian community elected their Herzegovina Serbia Council for the first time. A multi-ethnic government involving ethnic Albanians and Bulgaria

Serbs has been created in Bujanovac. Security and stability in south-western Serbia were Montenegro advanced through the efforts of the Head of Mission to encourage dialogue among local Ad ria tic Se political leaders, with the aim of forming a functioning, all-inclusive, all-representative a Albania fYROM Bosniak Minority Council.

Greece

■■ Politico-military dimension activities first regional Aarhus Centre was opened in Kragujevac Police reform. The Mission provided advice and exper- with Mission assistance. Further, the Mission organized tise as the Ministry of Interior drafted its first overall public discussions on the Aarhus Convention across Strategic Plan for 2011-2014, which will help the police Serbia and helped draft the first national report on its improve planning and increase cost-efficiency. The Mis- implementation. sion also advised the Ministry in drafting its communication strategy and action plan and trained senior police ■■ Human dimension activities officials in all 27 police districts on public and media National minorities. The Mission offered extensive sup- relations. port, including human resources and public outreach, to the Ministry of Human and Minority Rights in organiz- Police education. The Mission assisted Ministry of Interi- ing Serbia’s first direct elections of National Minority or officials in structuring their specialized training re- Councils on 6 June. The Councils empower minorities quirements for core police personnel. These efforts rep- in the areas of education, culture, use of minority lan- resent a qualitative advance in the Ministry’s planning. guage and media. More than 400,000 voters turned out to elect councils representing 19 national minorities. The Organized crime. The Mission offered Serbia its expertise Mission encouraged the ethnic Albanian community to to develop the Action Plan on Combating Organized elect its Council for the first time and supported the par- Crime. It also trained police officers within the scope ticipation of Roma women. It also facilitated dialogue of the Government’s Action Plan for the Fight Against among the three Bosniak lists that participated in the Drugs. Having participated in the passage of legislation elections so that a functioning Bosniak National Minor- on seizing assets from organized crime, the Mission ad- ity Council could be formed. vised extensively on its implementation. Refugee return and integration. The Mission presented a Economic transparency and anti-corruption. To eradicate unified international community stance on key issues at legal and procedural loopholes for financing organized a regional conference on durable solutions for refugees crime and terrorism, the Mission deployed advisors to and internally displaced people. The State participants train police and the judiciary on conducting financial resumed dialogue following a significant hiatus and investigations. agreed on a time-frame for resolving regional refugee issues and follow-up meetings. Security sector reform. The Mission supported the Min- istry of Defence in drafting the National Action Plan on Judicial reform. The Mission helped the Ministry of Jus- the Implementation of UN Security Council Resolution tice create a roadmap for the establishment of a Judicial 1325 on Women, Peace and Security and helped the Academy, an essential step for the professional develop- Ministry present this plan to the public. ment of the Serbian judiciary.

■■ Environmental dimension activities War crimes. The Mission monitored 20 war crimes trials, Public participation in environmental policy develop- including six new cases, in 2010. It also began monitor- ment. The Mission advised the Ministry of Environment ing trials in the newly established Courts of Appeal. and Spatial Planning in drafting the National Action Financial and expert assistance was provided to the War Plan for Implementing the Aarhus Convention. Serbia’s Crimes Prosecutor’s Office and the National Council

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 47 Participants in a seminar on Female cadets from the Serbian investigative journalism to combat Armed Forces at the presentation of organized crime visited Radio B92 in Serbia’s Draft National Action Plan Belgrade on 25-26 November 2010. on UN Security Council Resolution Twenty prominent journalists, 1325 on Women Peace and Security half from Pristina and half from at the National Assembly in Belgrade, participated in the first Belgrade on 16 November 2010. part of a joint programme organized (OSCE/Milan Obradovic) by the OSCE Mission to Serbia and the OSCE Mission to Kosovo. (OSCE/ Milan Obradovic)

for Co-operation with the International Human rights institutions. The Mission Democratic governance. The Mission in- Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia helped the Ombudsperson establish an office troduced an e-Parliament system for the (ICTY) to intensify the public information in southern Serbia to make his work more electronic management of documents in the campaign on domestic war crimes trials and accessible to the ethnic Albanian minority. National Assembly of Serbia. ICTY co-operation, particularly targeting youth and journalists. Access to justice. Five law faculties across Media legislation. The Mission, in close col- Serbia assumed responsibility for the net- laboration with the European Union Del- Advancement of Roma. The Mission helped work of pro-bono legal assistance facilities egation, assisted the Ministry of Culture in Serbia meet commitments under the Na- established with the Mission’s assistance. drafting the national media strategy, which tional Strategy for the Improvement of the The Mission helped establish common stan- aims to carry out significant reforms. Position of Roma and the Decade of Roma dards and procedures for these facilities. It Inclusion. The Mission trained members of further helped the network publish an op- Enhancing media skills. The Mission trained the Roma Women Network and helped them erational manual on interview techniques, more than 300 media professionals in re- advocate for the improvement of the posi- with specific emphasis on interviewing porting on politics, corruption, the judiciary tion of Roma women in the National Minor- children. and war crimes. It strengthened the skills of ity Council and in Roma communities. television reporters, camera operators and Human rights. The Mission assisted the Min- photo editors in central and eastern Serbia Criminal justice reform. The Mission acted istry for Human and Minority Rights in de- in the production of news programmes and as the Ministry of Justice’s main partner for veloping Serbia’s Common Core Document the sustainability of local outlets. Journal- criminal justice reform. It supported the — an essential part of the country’s report to ists from southern and south-western Serbia working group drafting substantive revi- UN human rights treaty bodies. were sent on study visits to Germany and to sions to the Criminal Procedure Code and Following the cancellation of the Pride the ICTY. the Ministry in holding the two-month Parade in 2009, the Mission provided venues public debate of the draft, which should be for discussion and expert assistance to sup- Freedom of the media. The Mission support- adopted in early 2011. The Mission worked port the Ministry of Human and Minority ed campaigns promoting media freedoms with the Ministry of Justice to develop a Rights’ drafting of recommendations to during the Exit Music Festival and the Right strategy to reduce overcrowding in prisons bring Serbia’s freedom of assembly legisla- to Know Day. The Mission has condemned and continued to train judges and prosecution in line with European standards. Rep- violence against journalists from radical tors on alternative sentencing. In 2010 the resentatives from the Ministry of Interior, nationalist organizations and football hoo- number of alternative sentences increased by the judiciary and civil society were involved ligans and supported Government efforts to almost one-third compared with 2009. in discussions. Belgrade hosted the Pride prosecute such cases. Parade in 2010, with the support of the Min- istry and under police protection.

48 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Hungary

Slovenia

Croatia Romania Field Europe operations South-Eastern Head of Mission: Ambassador Jose Luis Herrero Ansola Budget: €8,360,700 Spillover MonitorAD www.osce.org/skopje RIA TIC SEA Bosnia and Mission to Skopje Herzegovina

Monitoring and supporting implementation of the Ohrid Framework Agreement (OFA), Montenegro which ended hostilities in 2001, remained a key priority. The Mission worked in close co- Serbia operation with the other security principals: the European Union Special Representative, Bulgaria the United States Embassy and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Tetovo Ad Skopje ria tic Representative in Skopje and also with local counterparts on long-term reform processes Se a former Yugoslav in areas such as the judiciary, police professionalization and public administration. Republic of Macedonia The Mission pro-actively encouraged the further strengthening and streamlining of Albania the essential pillars upholding the OFA, being: education, decentralization, equitable Greece representation, the use of languages and non-discrimination. Efforts to promote the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities’ recommendations on reversing the trend of further ethnic separation in education resulted in the Government adopting a comprehensive strategy towards integrated education. In December, a Permanent Council Decision (PC.DEC/977) was taken to change the name to Mission to Skopje, effective 1 January 2011.

■■ Politico-military dimension activities ■■ Human dimension activities Monitoring. The Mission continued its monitoring ac- Political system. The Mission continued its co-operation tivities with a focus on the north-western part of the with other security principals — the EU, NATO and the country. Particular attention was paid to the security United States — in the stabilization process. Particu- situation, as well as to developments concerning both larly, the Mission supported and promoted the dialogue inter- and intra-community relations. with the Government on reviewing the OFA. In order to advance its implementation, the Mission enhanced col- Police development. The Mission continued to support laboration with the relevant Government secretariat and the development of a professional, accountable and strengthened its commitment to improving relations transparent police service through a series of activities between communities through the establishment of a in co-operation with the Ministry of Internal Affairs specific unit for inter-community relations (Programme (MoIA), including participation in an inter-agency Co-ordination Unit). In close co-operation with the Sec- Working Group to advocate for effective implementation retariat for the Implementation of the OFA (SIOFA), the of the Law on Internal Affairs. To facilitate implemen- unit pro-actively encouraged the further strengthening tation of the MoIA’s Anti-Corruption Programme for and streamlining of the essential pillars upholding the 2010, the Mission organized a regional conference on agreement, being: education, decentralization, equitable prevention and repression of corruption in the police representation, the use of languages, and non-discrimi- for 50 representatives of the Units for Internal Control. nation. Efforts to promote the OSCE High Commission- The Mission’s Detached Police Advisors (Co-locators) er on National Minorities’ recommendations on revers- continued providing assistance to police structures at ing the trend of communities’ separation in education the regional level through specific actions, such as creat- resulted in the Government adopting a comprehensive ing a national network of police trainers, establishing strategy towards integrated education on 5 October. a decentralized police training structure and offering specialized training to more than 300 police officers in Public administration. In an effort to professionalize the the areas of organized crime and terrorism. The Mission public administration, the Mission trained more than also focused on promoting institutionalized community 400 municipal councillors from 61 municipalities on policing practices to further improve inter-community legislative issues, the financing of local self-government relations through capacity-building workshops, confer- units and management skills. The Mission held its an- ences and study visits targeting MoIA mid-level manag- nual Decentralisation Conference to assess the advance- ers and local self-government representatives. To gauge ments made in 2009-2010, with a view towards drawing the general public’s perception of community policing, conclusions in early 2011 on the overall progress of five the 2010 Survey in Community Policing was conducted years of efforts to transfer competences from the central in co-operation with the MoIA. The existing community to the local level. To further promote the improvement policing mechanisms to promote co-operation between of inter-ethnic relations, the Mission supported the the police and local communities — Local Prevention SIOFA through different activities, such as training Councils (LPC) and Citizen Advisory Groups (CAG) — more than 350 newly recruited civil servants employed were further consolidated. under the principle of equitable representation.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 49 Almost 3,000 primary school students from The OSCE monitoring team during all over the country participated in a drawing a routine field mission along the contest as part of the Action Against Gun northern border in the Tetovo region in Violence project, supported by the OSCE March 2010. (OSCE/Eberhard Laue) Spillover Monitor Mission in Skopje. Participants in Kavadarci pose with a local official on 11 November 2010. (OSCE/Jaana Naapa)

Electoral reform. The Mission continued to the International Criminal Tribunal for the on Non-discrimination — for use by na- assist the host country in its implementation former Yugoslavia to the national jurisdic- tional institutions and the general public. of recommendations of the OSCE Office tion, as well as other high-profile cases. The Furthermore, it prepared the Commentary for Democratic Institutions and Human Mission assessed the implementation of cur- on the Criminal Code in relation to hate Rights (ODIHR) election reports. It sup- rent legal solutions, such as the evaluation of crimes and supported implementation of ported long-term capacity- and institution- the work of Public Prosecutors. It also con- the Law on Equal Opportunities of Women building by providing training to the State tinued supporting the provision of legal aid and Men. The Mission continued to promote Election Commission on communication, to the Roma community by assisting mobile the role of the Ombudsman Institution in presentation and team-building skills, legal aid activities conducted by a local non- the mass media and put in place capacity- training-of-trainers and strategic planning. governmental organization, Association for building actions for the Institution, focusing The Mission also rendered assistance to four Human Rights Protection of Roma. on newly established competencies such as Working Groups that were established by the National Preventive Mechanism. the Government to address concerns raised Capacity-building and legislative reform. by the OSCE/ODIHR regarding alleged The Mission continued its efforts to improve Education. The Mission continued to moni- cases of intimidation, to audit the voters’ list the drafting and implementation of laws tor developments in the education sector and to support the election administration. and produced country-specific manuals thanks to a number of activities aimed at Amendments to the election code were pre- and guidelines on transparency and public promoting inter-ethnic integration through pared and publicly discussed. participation in law-making, monitoring the education system. The Mission con- and evaluation of legislation, secondary tinued working to improve the pre-service Judicial reform. The Mission continued its law-making and usage of discretionary teacher-training system to better prepare efforts to improve and strengthen the inde- powers. The Mission continued to collabo- teachers to teach in a multi-ethnic society. pendence of judges by facilitating debate, at rate with national authorities to support With the Mission’s assistance, the first the local and regional level and amongst the their anti-trafficking efforts in revising the municipal five-year strategy was designed, legal community, the Government and the Standard Operating Procedures for dealing publicly discussed and adopted. The Mission general public, on the appointment, evalua- with victims of trafficking in human be- also published a large-scale study on the tion and dismissal processes for judges. As ings, in assisting in the development of an influence of the education system on inter- the new Law on Criminal Procedure was ad- outreach programme for street children and ethnic relations in society. opted in late 2010 and entered a vacatio legis in preparing media guidelines for report- period prior to implementation, the Mission ing on anti-trafficking cases. The Mission Roma inclusion. The Mission maintained an further provided technical assistance to the supported the drafting and enactment of integrated approach to Roma issues. In close Government in training-of-trainers and the comprehensive Law on Promotion and co-operation with the Ministry of Labour preparing training materials for all legal Protection from Discrimination (ADL) and Social Policy, it financed the drafting of practitioners. The Mission monitored the and supported the process of establishing a Status Report on the Implementation of legislative process, offering the Govern- an independent commission for protection the Action Plan for Roma and Sinti in the ment substantive and qualitative comments from discrimination. The Mission facilitated OSCE Area, which assessed the integration regarding judiciary legislation. The Mission the preparation of two guidelines — regard- of these communities in the host country continued monitoring all proceedings relating implementation of the ADL and the and provided recommendations on steps ed to the four cases that were deferred from work of the National Co-ordinative Body forward.

50 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Field Europe operations South-Eastern Head of Office: Ambassador Enrique Horcajada Schwartz Budget: €1,613,500 Office in www.osce.org/zagreb Zagreb Hungary The OSCE Office in Zagreb continued covering and advancing residual issues in its two Slovenia Zagreb remaining work areas: war crimes accountability and monitoring of the Croatian Housing Croatia Romania Care Programme. A significant number of OSCE-proposed measures were adopted and implemented in 2010. Among them, continued implementation of the important action Serbia plans on war crimes accountability, including the nearly completed review of in absentia Bosnia and Herzegovina Ad ri convictions from the early 1990s; the introduction of a war crimes database as a tool to atic Se continue addressing unprosecuted war crimes; and a new option allowing returnees to a purchase their allocated apartments in urban and coastal areas. Montenegro The Office continued supporting and promoting the Croatian Housing Care Programme through regular field-verification visits to allocated housing facilities for eligible refugee Bulgaria

Ad ria beneficiaries. In 2010 this mandate-related area received important political boosts that tic Se fYROM very much facilitated the Office’s work. Vigorous initiatives and messages favouring a reconciliation and co-operation with neighbouring countries and focusing on the victims Albania of war crimes, regardless of their ethnicity, by the newly elected President of the Republic, Greece Ivo Josipovic, enhanced the work being done by the Government. Serbo-Croatian relations and co-operation in this area dramatically improved this year through State visits by the Presidents of both nations. Within this positive climate, the Croatian Government announced, during a Platform meeting on 29 October in Vukovar, that it would accept a new extension of the deadline for applications to the Housing Care Programme. This measure would come into effect in early 2011, following an information campaign in Serbia.

■■ Human dimension activities regardless of ethnic background when sentencing perpe- War crimes accountability. The Office continued compre- trators of war crimes. hensive monitoring of national war crimes proceedings, Finally, Croatia continued to play an important role in with more than 140 cases involving more than 600 in- inter-State co-operation and co-operation among state dividuals in 16 courts. The OSCE commitment with the attorneys of the region, including evidence-sharing with International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugosla- Serbia. This co-operation and the newly established war via (ICTY) was finalized by an appeal decision, issued crimes database in Croatia should continue to be used as in March 2010, in the Ademi-Norac case for war crimes an effective tool to minimize the obstacles presented by committed during the so-called 1993 Medak Pocket the unavailability of suspects to the Croatian judiciary. military operation. Since then, the Office has mainly focused on the pre-investigation phase of domestic cases, Capacity-building for non-governmental organizations where a quantity of evidence remains to be processed. (NGOs). The Office continued providing support to The Office also maintained its regular Zagreb-based three Croatian NGOs — Documenta, Civil Committee and field-level contacts with relevant judicial authorities for Human Rights and the Centre for Peace Osijek — in in order to continue following the ongoing implemen- their monitoring and advocacy activities in relation to tation of the action plans by the Chief State Attorney war crimes accountability. Monitors at the Office con- and the Police Directorate. These plans were designed tinued transferring know-how and building the legal by Croatia to address the remaining issues in the war and analytical skills of NGO staff through regular joint crimes portfolio: the review of unsubstantiated charges, discussions. In addition, the Office, together with the including in absentia convictions, and unprosecuted war ICTY Liaison Office, the Delegation of the European crimes. The review of in absentia convictions, initiated Union and Zagreb-based embassies, participated in a last year, recognized as defective and set aside almost steering board that coached NGO directors on outreach, 20 per cent of the convictions from the early 1990s. The management and advocacy activities. The Office also results of the ongoing implementation have improved reported and provided solid proof of the capacity of Croatia’s system of war crimes accountability and coun- domestic NGOs to monitor war crimes proceedings on tered concerns observed by the Office in its monitoring behalf of the international community. activities. The Office reported in December 2010 that the Croatian judiciary acts with objectivity, impartiality and

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 51 Ambassador Enrique Jan Repa, head of Horcajada (right) the Housing Care receives Judge Patrick Monitoring Unit (far Robinson, President left) and Ambassador of the International Horcajada pose with Criminal Tribunal for former refugees the former Yugoslavia, Anto and Slavica at the OSCE Office in Kolak in the garden Zagreb on 7 July 2010. of their new home in (OSCE/Davor Grgicevic) Lika-Senj County on 16 September 2010. (OSCE/Jasmin Mahmic)

Access to housing. Croatia adopted a new benchmark, targeting 2,070 former OTR Activity Plan for the Accelerated Implemen- holders, continued to be implemented dur- tation of the Housing Care Programme for ing the year as well. According to the Gov- Former Occupancy/Tenancy Right Holders ernment, this last benchmark will be accom- (OTR). The new plan will facilitate imple- plished by mid-2011. In sum, the 2007-2009 mentation of the three benchmarks estab- programmes should provide housing to as lished with the OSCE in 2006, regarding many as 5,000 former OTR holders. Two former tenants of socially owned housing other major developments also took place: in the former Yugoslavia (OTRs) who want the adoption of the Decision on Sale of State to return to Croatia. The plan established Owned Flats, which enables OTRs who have a political commission attended by four been provided housing in urban and coastal ministers, under a new directing chair by areas to purchase their dwellings signifi- a Deputy Prime Minister, and six techni- cantly below the market price, and the an- cal sub-commissions. The OSCE, the EU, nouncement of a reopening for applications the United Nations High Commissioner for to the Housing Care Programme, beginning Refugees and the United States Embassy in January 2011, following an information were invited to participate in all sessions. Of campaign in Serbia. particular importance was the new commis- To help monitor the Programme and sion for the review of all previously denied verify these figures, the Office regularly cases. During 2010, the Office actively par- visited and evaluated the quality of around ticipated in the work of these bodies, thus 700 dwellings in war-affected areas, remote contributing further to the implementation municipalities and urban areas. These visits of the Programme. also assessed whether recipients were OTR In 2010, 1,427 housing units were al- minority returnees to Croatia. located to former OTR holders, exceeding the 2008 benchmark of 1,400. Most of the flats are located in newly constructed build- ings of high quality. In parallel, the 2009

52 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Field Europe operations Eastern Head of Office: Ambassador Benedikt Haller Budget : €1,164,600 Office in www.osce.org/belarus Minsk Russian The rehabilitation of Chernobyl-affected areas remained one of the Office’s priorities Latvia Federation in environmental protection and economic co-operation, which also relates to the Lithuania promotion of energy security and agro-ecotourism. The Office helped develop relations Russ. Fed. between State institutions and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The Office Minsk also actively promoted the use of two official languages, gender awareness, democratic Poland Belarus policing and border management. Monitoring of developments related to the Office’s mandated tasks in the country continued. In co-operation with the OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media, the Office also worked on media issues, in particular with regard to Internet regulation. Ukraine

Republic of Moldova ■■ Economic and environmental dimension Promoting dialogue on values in a post-economic crisis Romania activities environment. In co-operation with the Faculty of Phi- Hungary Promoting awareness and dialogue on energy security. Slovenia losophy and Sociological Sciences of the Belarusian State BLACK SEA Croatia The Office, in co-operation with the Faculty of Interna- University, the Office organized a series of conferences Georgia tional Relations - Belarusian State University, organized for students and staff on the theme of values and com- Azerbaijan a conference on the theme of “Energy Challenges to munication in the aftermath of the global economic cri- Bosnia and Trans-European Security”, which gathered 100 students sis. It also published Herzegovina a booklet based on the conferences Montenegro Armenia and staff as well as national and international experts. with contributions by foreignSerbia and national experts. Bulgaria Serbia

AD RI FYRoM ■ AT Promoting environment and security in a regional con- ■ Human dimensionIC SE activities A Albania text. In co-operation with the Faculty of Law of the Civil society and governmental forums for discussion. In Turkey Greece Belarusian State University, the Office organized a con- the first half of 2010, the Office completed the first phase ference on “The Espoo Convention on Environmental of a project entitled “Developing Relations between State Impact Assessment in a Trans-boundary Context as a Institutions and Non-Governmental Organizations”. Framework for Regional Co-operation”. National and The project began with a sociological survey amongst international experts participated in the conference, civil society to ascertain the development of civil society which was attended by more than 80 students and fac- in Belarus and its interaction with the Government. ulty staff. Study visits to the Republic of Cyprus and France were The Office also supported the Regional Students’ -Con also organized within the framework of the project test on Environment and Security, in partnership with to enable Belarusian experts to study the legislative the International Sakharov Environmental University in framework, mechanisms and practices of State-public Minsk. co-operation in those countries. Based on these visits, NGOs participating in the project drafted a proposal for Rehabilitation of Chernobyl-affected areas. The Office future interaction with the Government through na- teamed up with regional authorities and local civil so- tional thematic platforms. This proposal was discussed ciety representatives to support projects in regions af- at a national conference in November. fected by the Chernobyl disaster, aiming to promote best practices for sustainable agro-business development and Alternative service. The Office held a seminar on alterna- enhance entrepreneurship skills among rural youth. tive military service as part of an international technical assistance project implemented with the National Centre Promoting local economic development in Belarus. In for Legislation and Legal Research of the Republic of co-operation with the NGO Country Escape and with Belarus. International experts from France, Germany, the support of the Ministry of Tourism and the Ministry Moldova and Russia shared best practices and their of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection, the countries’ experiences in implementing alternative Office helped establish the Consultancy Centre in Minsk military service legislation. The National Centre for Leg- for the Promotion of Agro-ecotourism in Belarus. The islation and Legal Research will prepare a draft law on Centre organized a seminar for national stakeholders to alternative military service in 2011. This legislation will introduce best practices for rural tourism and European allow Belarusian citizens to exercise their constitutional standards for eco-labeling. The Centre will also provide right to choose alternative military service. Internet consultations for owners of rural guesthouses.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 53 Ambassador Benedict Ambassador Haller presents Benedikt Haller, awards to the best Head of the OSCE young rescuers at Office in Minsk, on a the annual OSCE- field visit to a rural supported Eastern development project European Rescue in Bragin district Teams Gathering on 16 September near Naroch, Belarus, 2010. (OSCE/Natalia on 21 September Belikova) 2010. (OSCE/Natalia Belikova)

Two official languages. The Office supported roundtable dedicated to the economic em- various State structures, representatives of a project with the National Centre for Legis- powerment of women was held in Gomel, State-owned and private media outlets and lation and Legal Research entitled “Reform- in the south-east of Belarus. The Office also local and international experts participated ing the Legislation and Practice of Using supported the Government and NGOs in in the event, where discussions centred upon Two Official Languages”. Representatives addressing gender issues and promoted issues related to the legislative aspects of from the Centre, the Ministry of Education, gender awareness by co-sponsoring a public Internet regulation. other governmental structures and the NGO campaign against domestic violence. Belarusian Language Society participated in study visits to Ireland and Finland and Democratic policing. In co-operation with learned about policies and legal frame- the OSCE Strategic Police Matters Unit and works for supporting two official languages. the International Training and Civil Crisis Participants will apply what they have Management Centre of the Interior Ministry learned to develop a comprehensive concept of Hungary, the Office carried out projects for the use of the Russian and Belarusian to promote community policing and mod- languages in Belarus. ern techniques in police education as well as to address the psychological aspects of Administrative procedures study tour to police work. Germany. In October, a study tour to Ko- blenz, Germany, was arranged for four Border management. The Office organized participants, representing the Presidential several events within the framework Administration, the Belarusian Constitu- of its project aimed at strengthening tional Court and the National Centre for the Psychological Support Unit of the Legislation and Legal Research. Participants Belarusian Border Services. learned about administrative justice and personal liability in Germany. Media work. The Office was one of the The OSCE has maintained a presence in co-organizers of a roundtable on Internet Minsk since 1998. The mandate of the Gender awareness. In co-operation with regulation in Minsk in October, which Office expired on 31 December 2010 and the NGO Women’s Independent Demo- was attended by the OSCE Representative was not renewed. cratic Movement and local authorities, a on Freedom of the Media. Officials from

54 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Latvia

Lithuania Russ. Fed.

Belarus Russian Federation Field Europe operations Eastern Head of Mission: Ambassador Philip Remler Budget: €2,083,900 Mission to www.osce.org/moldova Moldova Poland

In 2010 the OSCE Mission to Moldova supported confidence-building betweenSlovakia Chisinau and Tiraspol. The Mission organized five informal “5+2” meetings (including the Republic Ukraine of Moldova and Transdniestria, plus the Russian Federation, Ukraine, the OSCE, the Republic of Hungary Moldova European Union and the United States), three confidence-building workshops and a Romania Review Conference. It supported reform efforts on the rule of law, combating torture Chisinau Tiraspol Sea of Azov Bender and ill treatment, freedom of assembly and freedom of the media. A protracted electoral a Se k season, which included a 5 September referendum and early parliamentary elections on c a 28 November, affected both the TransdniestrianSlovenia settlement process and reform efforts. Bl Croatia

Georgia

Azerbaijan

Bosnia and ■ Herzegovina ■ Politico-military dimension activities ground and provide guidance to the Joint Military Com- Armenia Political settlement negotiations and confidence-build- mand of the Joint Peacekeeping Force (JPKF). The Joint Montenegro ing. Mission activities focused on building confidence MilitarySe rbiaCommand continued the joint training activi- Bulgaria between the sides, to promote meaningful negotia- ties by all three contingents of the JPKF, which were

tions in the “5+2” format. The Mission organizedAD five resumed in 2009 after a hiatus of several years. RI FYRoM informal “5+2” meetings in 2010, focusing on freedomAT IC SE ■ of movement and guarantee mechanisms. To facilitateA Albani■aHuman dimension activities these discussions, the Mission worked in co-operation Election and electoral reforms. The Mission worked Turkey with both sides to develop a systematic overview of closely withGreec thee OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions freedom of movement issues and an index of previously and Human Rights (ODIHR) in preparation for a consti- reached agreements. tutional referendum on 5 September and parliamentary The Mission hosted meetings of the joint working elections on 28 November, supporting domestic election groups on confidence-building measures. It conducted monitoring, domestic analysis and public debates on workshops on co-operation between law enforcement electoral legislation. Moldova has been in anticipation of and disaster relief agencies, a seminar on guarantees elections since the Parliament’s failure in 2009 to elect (in co-operation with the British Embassy in Chisinau) a president. As parliamentarians struggled to find ways and a Review Conference to assess progress made by the out of the impasse, the Mission maintained close contact working groups in 2010. with all parties to promote adherence to OSCE prin- The political representatives of Moldova and Trans- ciples and commitments. dniestria continued their regular confidential bilateral meetings, which were initiated in 2009 by the Mission. Monitoring and promoting human rights. Activities to In 2010, their working-level staff began meeting as well. promote human rights on both sides of the Dniester/ These meetings and the “football diplomacy” between Nistru River included training law enforcement repre- Moldovan Prime Minister Vlad Filat and Transdnies- sentatives in freedom of assembly and training forensic trian leader Igor Smirnov resulted in progress on a num- experts from both sides in investigating allegations of ber of issues, including: resumption of rail passenger torture. Throughout the year the Mission responded to traffic on the Chisinau-Tiraspol-Odessa route, extension individual human rights complaints. of a 2006 mechanism to allow Moldovan farmers access to their land on the Transdniestrian-controlled side, Providing legal expertise and strengthening the rule of conclusion of an agreement on simplified regulations for law. The Mission worked closely with Parliament on the export of goods from Transdniestria by railway, and reforming anti-discrimination legislation and organized commencement of expert negotiations on the reconnec- a conference on prosecution reform together with the tion of fixed-line telecommunications between the sides. General Prosecutor’s Office.

Joint Control Commission. The Joint Control Commis- Promoting freedom of the media. The Mission monitored sion (JCC), established to oversee the 1992 ceasefire Internet and broadcast media, including the Audiovisual agreement, met regularly throughout the year. Mis- Co-ordination Council and the Supervisory Board of sion representatives attended all sessions and chaired a the public broadcaster. The Mission assisted the national sub-group on non-peacekeeping posts in the Security public service broadcaster by providing independent Zone. The JCC continued to monitor the situation on the monitoring and expert advice, hosted roundtables for

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 55 In 2010 the Mission Below left: Below right: to Moldova worked Moldovan Army Members of the OSCE with the sides to reach engineers destroy Mission to Moldova agreement on the cluster munitions in patrol the security restoration of landline the Bulboaca training zone on a regular communications area on 26 May 2010. basis, meeting a wide between the two (Ministry of Defence range of people, banks of the Nistru/ of the Republic of such as these monks Dniestr, which had Moldova/Andrei from the Chitcani been interrupted since Camerzan) monastery. (OSCE/Igor 2003. (OSCE/Igor Schimbator) Schimbator)

media donors and non-governmental organizations for better co-ordination of media development and freedom of media work in Moldova and, in co-operation with the OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media, held a training seminar for journalists from Internet media organizations.

Combating human trafficking and promoting gender equality. The Mission played a leading role in technical co-ordination of organizations combating trafficking in human beings in Moldova. It supported the play Casa M. and the 16-Day Campaign against Gender Violence, both of which raised public awareness of domestic violence. The Mission supported counseling services for victims and perpetrators of family violence and organized training seminars for police, prosecutors and judges on combating domestic violence, proactive investigation and techniques for interviewing victims of trafficking. In advance of the parliamentary elections, the Mission held a roundtable for political party representatives to promote the role of women in politics.

56 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Field Europe operations Eastern Project Co-ordinator: Ambassador Lubomir Kopaj Budget: €2,752,300 Project Co-ordinator www.osce.org/ukraine in Ukraine Latvia

Lithuania Russ. The Project Co-ordinator in Ukraine worked with the country’s authorities to assist Fed. Russian Federation domestic efforts aimed at institution-building, strengthening human rights, combating trafficking in human beings, promoting economic development and environmental Belarus education and tackling environmental threats, including elimination of unexploded Kyiv Poland ordnance from past conflicts. Ukraine Slovakia

Hungary Republic of Moldova Romania Sea of Azov

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■■ Politico-military dimension activities expected to be using the tool, which promotes sustain- Assisting social adaptation of discharged military able development and raises environmental awareness personnel. In co-operation with the Ministry of Defence, among young people. the Project Co-ordinator organized retraining and The Project Co-ordinator also promoted renewable employment assistance for 1,188 discharged military energy use and introduced energy-saving practices in officers and some of their family members, 76 per cent the Poltava region. of whom subsequently found employment. More than 700 active senior military officials were trained in social Promoting environmental protection. The Project Co- rights and guarantees for personnel discharged due to ordinator continued supporting the activities of the military restructuring. Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities in the Moldovan-Ukrainian Mélange disposal. The Project Co-ordinator supported joint management of the Nistru/Dniester River basin. It OSCE efforts to assist Ukraine with safe disposal of its also produced “Waste(s) Watch” cards, quick- reference stockpiles of the toxic rocket fuel mélange. Currently in materials on hazardous waste, for use by border man- its second phase, this project is set to be the OSCE’s larg- agement authorities from Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine est donor-financed project in the Organization’s history, who are in charge of the detection and prevention of with funding from Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, transboundary waste trafficking. Germany, Hungary, Norway, Poland, Spain, the Swedish International Development and Co-operation Agency ■■ Human dimension activities (SIDA) and the United States. Anti-trafficking support.The Project Co-ordinator assisted in the drafting of a new State programme to com- ■■ Economic and environmental dimension bat trafficking in human beings for 2011-2015. It also activities trained 200 representatives from social services, educa- Supporting local economic development. The Project Co- tional and health care institutions and law enforcement ordinator helped the local government in the Dniprop- bodies in the piloting of a State-led National Referral etrovsk region develop ICT-based solutions to improve Mechanism. To improve capacity in identifying and the quality of administrative services and increase the referring trafficking survivors, the Project Co-ordinator accountability and transparency of authorities. facilitated the training of 1,100 police officers, social service providers and medical practitioners. Law enforce- Cleaning up unexploded ordnance. To help the Ministry ment officials travelled to Germany to gain experience in of Emergencies safely remove unexploded ordnance, the the prevention and prosecution of trafficking in human Project Co-ordinator facilitated the provision of modern beings before and during major international sporting metal-detection equipment and conducted training on events. In addition, a number of anti-trafficking publica- its use. tions were produced.

Promoting environmental education and sustainable Combating domestic violence. The Project Co-ordinator development. The Project Co-ordinator introduced trained more than 350 practitioners from social services, Ukraine-specific multimedia educational materials for regional departments for family and youth and also secondary schools entitled “Green Pack”. In 2011, more police officers on the implementation of a corrective pro- than 50 per cent of Ukraine’s secondary schools are gramme aimed at perpetrators of domestic violence.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 57 A billboard in Below left: Below right: Dnipropetrovsk The Project Co- Police inspectors advertises a police ordinator in Ukraine discuss anti-trafficking anti-trafficking hotline organized a quiz issues at a training supported by the OSCE called “Protect seminar in Ivano Project Co-ordinator your rights” for Frankivsk on 6 May in Ukraine, 1 June the Children’s Day 2010. (OSCE/Tetyana 2010. (OSCE/Tetyana celebrations in Kyiv Rudenko) Rudenko) on 5 June 2010. (OSCE/Igor Segeiev)

Administrative law reform. The Project Detention monitoring. The Project Co- SIDA, Irish Aid and the Strategic Pro- Co-ordinator helped improve citizen-State ordinator continued supporting the devel- gramme Fund of Britain’s Foreign and Com- relations, focusing on raising awareness and opment of National Preventive Mechanisms monwealth Office, the Project Co-ordinator building the capacity of Ukrainian public (NPMs) against torture and ill-treatment. worked to strengthen electoral processes, servants and civil society to effectively in- In 2010, efforts were focused on launch- specifically in the operation of a State Voter teract with each other. It offered training ing NPM operations in children’s custody Register, assisting in the drafting of a uni- to more than 200 Justice Ministry officials facilities and supporting NPM development fied Electoral Code and capacity-building of and more than 100 representatives of civil within the country’s penitentiary system. election officials. More than 80,000 election society organizations. More than 200 ad- officials were trained ahead of the January ministrative court judges were also trained, Constitutional justice. The Project Co- 2010 presidential election. A mobile training as a means to enhance the quality and con- ordinator organized efforts to raise aware- class was also established for personnel of sistency of judicial decisions and ensure the ness of the remedy of direct constitutional the State voter register maintenance bodies. protection of human rights. complaint, to be introduced in Ukraine, and supported e-initiatives to enhance transpar- The Project Co-ordinator assisted in es- Legal education. The Project Co-ordinator ency of the Constitutional Court. tablishing a baseline for the existing legal, continued supporting the improvement of structural and institutional framework for legal education in Ukraine, ensuring its Combating corruption. Upon request of the sustainability and funding of civil society compatibility with current international re- Ukrainian Government, the Project Co- organizations in Ukraine, identifying work- quirements in the field of higher education, ordinator assisted in the implementation of able models in this sphere and providing especially in the sphere of human rights the 2009 anti-corruption reform by offering concrete recommendations. protection and adherence. training to 100 judges and civil servants, developing a national methodology for diag- Legislative and judicial support. In co- nosing corruption in State institutions and operation with the Ukrainian Parliament, recommending legal and policy framework the Project Co-ordinator reviewed and improvements. submitted recommendations on 64 bills and supported capacity-building of lawmakers Strengthening democratic practices. As part and judges aimed at aligning the country’s of a multi-year, multi-donor project funded legislation with international standards and by the European Union, the Canadian In- OSCE commitments. ternational Development Agency (CIDA),

58 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Latvia

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Slovakia Ukraine Field operations South Caucasus Head of Office: Ambassador Bilge Cankorel Republic of Budget: €2,789,900 Hungary Moldova OfficeChisinau in www.osce.org/baku Romania Tiraspol Sea of Azov

BakuBLACK SEA Slovenia Caspia

Russian Federation n Croatia The Office in Baku supported Azerbaijan’s election-related commitments during the Se a November parliamentary elections and helped with the implementation of the Electoral Georgia Code. The Office also assisted in the areas of security and justice reform and promoted Baku fundamental freedoms, as well as good governance, anti-corruption, environmental Azerbaijan Bosnia and awareness, regional economic development, anti-trafficking in human beings and Herzegovina gender equality. Armenia Montenegro Serbia Turkey Bulgaria Kumanovo Iran Tetovo Skopje AD RI FYRoM AT IC SE

A Albania

Greece ■■ Politico-military dimension activities ■■ Economic and environmental dimension Police Assistance Programme. The Office integrated new activities elements into the community policing programme, in- Good governance and anti-corruption. The Office cluding schools, differential gender security and support launched new co-operation with the Financial Moni- to the ongoing establishment of presidentially mandated toring Service under the Central Bank of Azerbaijan, community advisory groups. The Nakhchivan Autono- conducting training courses on combating money laun- mous Republic was also included in the programme in dering and the financing of terrorism. The Office also 2010. In May, the Office conducted the first international co-funded the participation of Azerbaijani civil society community policing workshop, with more than 50 offi- actors in a regional anti-corruption meeting in Tbilisi. cials from Baku participating. The Office also organized a series of police-media workshops, supported training Entrepreneurship. The Office concluded its four-year at the Police Academy and provided public assembly training programme on “Start and Improve Your Busi- management training to police officers in Nakhchivan ness”, in co-operation with the International Labour Or- and in the city of Ganja. ganization. It opened two Legal Advice Centres (in Baku and Sheki), which provide free legal support to owners Programmes to combat trafficking in human beings. The of small- and medium-sized businesses. The Office also Office’s activities included regional workshops, extensive conducted training seminars for students on the OSCE support to national non-governmental organizations, Best Practice Guide for a Positive Business and Invest- co-operation with and support to Government agencies ment Climate and training courses on new accountancy and wide-ranging co-operation and co-ordination with standards in Ganja and Guba. other international organisations involved in the fight against trafficking in human beings. Environmental awareness and participation. The Office launched seven new projects with non-governmental Counter-terrorism activities. The Office supported the organizations within the Civic Action for Security and Government in the establishment of a National Bomb Environment (CASE) programme to raise awareness of Data Centre and its consequent participation in the environment and security challenges. Projects focused International Bomb Data Centre Working Group. This on topics such as solid waste management, landslide support included specific and detailed liaison with a risks, hazardous waste, climate change and mining. The large number of similar agencies of other OSCE par- projects were selected jointly by the Office, the United ticipating States. The Office also conducted the first Nations Development Programme, the Ministry of Ecol- National Conference on a Comprehensive Approach to ogy and Natural Resources and Statoil. Cyber-Security, involving international experts from a number of OSCE participating States. Energy policy dialogue. The Office continued its project to raise awareness among policymakers on renewable energy in Azerbaijan and organized two study tours to Spain and Germany for eight representatives of relevant public agencies and ministries. The Office also co-operated with the Ministry of Emergency Situations by conducting an assessment of the legal framework for oil-spill prevention and response.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 59 Police and internal A campaign for Melissa Stone, troops participated environmentally Deputy Head of the in a public assembly friendly bags, in Baku OSCE Office in Baku, management training on 29 October 2010, presents certificates course in Nakhchivan was part of the Civic to participants in a Autonomous Republic Action for Security Start and Improve on 10-20 May 2010. and Environment Your Business training (OSCE/Suleyman Programme. (OSCE) course in Ismailly Ozbey) district on 9 August 2010. (OSCE/Yan Olsson)

■■ Human dimension activities Office operated four legal resource centres expert review of the press Code of Ethics, throughout the country. These centres also which was ultimately adopted. The Office Rule of Law facilitate training for legal professionals and continued its work on legislative initiatives Trial monitoring. The Office published its serve as rule of law resource facilities. to decriminalize defamation; organized Trial Monitoring Report for 2009, covering training on access to information for Gov- both criminal and civil cases throughout the Training activities. In co-operation with the ernment press officers and media represen- country. The Office discussed the findings Judicial Legal Council, the Prosecutor’s Of- tatives; and conducted an assessment of the and recommendations in the report with the fice and the Bar Association, the Office -con national curriculum on journalism educa- Ministry of Justice, the Judicial Legal Coun- ducted training activities for judges, lawyers tion. The Office also supported training for cil and the Judiciary on a regular basis and and prosecutors throughout the country, regional television stations on the produc- continued monitoring trials in 2010. including the Autonomous Republic of tion of talk-show and news programming, Nakhchivan. as well as training for regional youth on the Detention monitoring. The Office continued use of social media for advocacy purposes. monitoring conditions at all types of deten- Individual human rights advice. The Office tion facilities throughout the country. In assisted individuals seeking advice on pos- Gender equality. Subsequent to advocacy co-operation with the OSCE Office for Dem- sible remedies in cases of violations of their activities the preceding year, the Parlia- ocratic Institutions and Human Rights and individual rights. ment adopted the Law on the Prevention the Parliament, the Office also supported of Domestic Violence in June. The Office the Ombudsman’s Office in strengthening Democratization continued its advocacy regarding compre- its role as a National Preventive Mechanism Electoral assistance. The Office convened hensive implementation of the new law. The in Azerbaijan. three high-level roundtables, on freedom of Office also supported leadership training for assembly, election administration and the women, which focused on preparing them Legislative assistance. The Office continued role of the media, with the participation of to participate in elections as candidates and supporting the drafting of new legislation ruling and opposition parties and the Gov- observers. on the rights of suspects and the accused ernment. The Office also conducted numer- and on juvenile justice. Moreover, the Of- ous voter education seminars and domestic Parliamentary assistance. The Office fice conducted a needs assessment of the observer training throughout the country in facilitated an exchange of international ex- legal framework regulating property rights order to boost civic participation, and sup- perience for the IT staff of the Parliament as part of efforts to further streamline such ported legal assistance for candidates. regarding the expansion of its website to legislation. include a full legislative database. Online Freedom of the media and media develop- access to pending and adopted laws will dra- Free legal advice. To address the lack of ment. In partnership with the Azerbaijani matically increase citizen participation in sufficient legal resources in the region, the Press Council, the Office supported an the legislative process.

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Republic of Hungary Moldova Field operations South Caucasus Romania Head of Office: Ambassador Sergey Kapinos Budget:Se €2,788,900a of Azov Office in www.osce.org/yerevan

Slovenia Yerevan Russian Federation Croatia Russian Federation In 2010 the Office marked its tenth anniversary and continued its close co-operation

with the Government of Armenia, with many activities in all three dimensions. The Georgia

Office continued to support police reform and the implementation of good governanceBlack Sea practices. It further promoted the Aarhus Convention and assisted the Government Azerbaijan Bosnia and Herzegovina with economic reform initiatives. The Office also worked to strengthen the capacity of Armenia Ca spian national institutions in their efforts to combat trafficking in human beings and continued Yerevan Montenegro Se Serbia to promote human rights throughout the country. Kapan a Turkey Azerbaijan Bulgaria

Iran AD RI FYRoM AT IC SE

A Albania Turkey Greece ■■ Politico-military dimension activities on integrity and ethical behaviour for civil servants. It Supporting police reform. In support of the Govern- also supported the production of a documentary about ment’s reform strategy, the Office continued its com- the prosecution of law enforcement officials for corrup- munity-based policing model. It also designed a new tion, which was broadcast on national television. six-month basic police training programme and developed the curriculum for an accredited bachelor’s degree Support to the Aarhus Convention. The Office provided programme. financial assistance and staff training to increase the number of local Aarhus Centres from 13 to 15. In Democratic oversight of armed forces. In co-operation co-operation with local self-government bodies, the with its partners, the Office organized a series of Centres provided extensive support to environmental roundtables on a new Disciplinary Code for the Armed non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and local Forces. The ensuing draft code was forwarded to the populations in addressing environmental challenges. OSCE Office of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) for expertise. The Office also prepared Environment and Security Initiative (ENVSEC). The Office a special volume dedicated to the implementation of supported the national component of ENVSEC, in- commitments under the OSCE Code of Conduct on cluding a project to render a DDT burial site harmless. Politico-Military Aspects of Security. Under the Civic Actions for Environmental Security (CASE) project, 15 small grants were provided to NGOs Cyber security. The Office organized a conference with to raise awareness, investigate threats and promote en- local law enforcement and international experts to dis- vironmental standards for business. cuss global trends and assess the current threat level for Armenia as well as existing capacities for dealing with Capacity-building for State bodies. The Office organized threats against cyber security. an experience exchange with the Slovenian Parliament for seven professional staff of the National Assembly. It ■■ Economic and environmental dimension also provided three one-week courses on urban man- activities agement to municipality staff. In total 50 staff were Enhancing economic competition. The Office assisted trained in urban planning, economic development and the Government’s Commission for the Protection of financial management. Economic Competition by elaborating a system of indi- cators to measure the success of governmental policies ■■ Human dimension activities that protect economic competition. This will help en- Monitoring places of detention. The Office supported sure a level playing field for businesses to develop in the activities of the Police Detention Monitoring Group the country. and the Penitentiary Monitoring Group. The latter organized a discussion on ways to decrease the prison popu- Fight against corruption. The Office worked with -stu lation, resulting in an amnesty appeal by civil society. dents to study corruption risks in schools, universities The Office also published a brochure and guidelines on and law enforcement and provide recommendations the rights of detained persons and presented a report on to address them; monitored the work of notary offices; military detention aimed at the general public. addressed corruption in the registration of motor vehicles; and assisted in developing a training module

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 61 OSCE representatives The Office co-organized Participants in a Model visited the Nubarashen a Rock on Human Rights OSCE Conference chemical waste site Day concert on 10 hone their negotiation on 27 May 2010 as December 2010 in co- and public-speaking part of the Office’s operation with the UN skills in a simulated efforts to assist the Department of Public Permanent Council ex- Armenian Government Information, Armenia’s ercise on 5 November in addressing Human Rights Defender’s 2010. (OSCE/Photolur/ environmental Office and the non- Tigran Tadevosyan) threats. (OSCE/Gohar governmental organization Ghazinyan) Antenna. (OSCE/Gayane Ter-Stepanyan)

Supporting the Ombudsman Institution. The Protecting children’s rights and juvenile Youth. The Office supported a student Office supported publication of the -Om justice. The Office and the Cassation Court survey on the perception of corruption at budsman’s Annual Report and that of the launched a juvenile-trial monitoring project. Armenian universities. It also conducted National Preventive Mechanism (NPM) for The Office also supported educational and training on assessing community needs, torture cases. It organized two study visits, social activities to help reintegrate juvenile volunteerism and strategy development for for the Ombudsman to Denmark and for offenders, as well as a documentary to high- paid staff and volunteers working at regional two NPM experts to Slovenia. On Interna- light the role of the Prosecutor’s Office in youth centres. tional Human Rights Day the Office co- juvenile justice. organized a rock concert against discrimi- Migration management and anti-trafficking. nation with the Ombudsman Institution. Gender. The Office continued to support The Office, in co-operation with the Inter- The Office assisted in building the capac- three women’s resource centres in Syunik national Labour Organization, supported ity of the Ombudsman’s Institution to ef- region and co-sponsored the second annual the State Migration Service in developing a fectively advocate for the protection of the competition for the best media coverage Migration Concept. rights of national minorities by financially of gender issues. The Office co-chaired the The OSCE-supported Anti-Trafficking and conceptually supporting an Ombuds- newly established Gender Theme Group. Support and Resource Unit continued to man assessment of State policy in this re- provide capacity-building for the Minis- gard. The Office commissioned a report on Media freedom. In co-operation with the try of Labour and Social Affairs, thereby religious tolerance from an NGO, which was OSCE Representative on Freedom of the strengthening its capacity to implement the presented to the public. Media, the Office facilitated legal reviews of national referral mechanism for victims of draft broadcasting legislation. It also orga- trafficking in human beings. Supporting criminal-justice reforms. To- nized public discussions with participation gether with ODIHR, the Office organized of international experts to assist in Arme- Model OSCE conferences. The Office three seminars to discuss the recommenda- nia’s transition to digital broadcasting. The organized five Model OSCE conferences tions of the ODIHR trial monitoring report Office provided the media self-regulation throughout Armenia. Close to 200 young as well as the concept for the draft Criminal mechanism information on good practices people honed their negotiation, problem- Procedure Code. An international expert from well-established European press coun- solving and communication skills by performed an assessment of crime data col- cils. It also assisted in the introduction of a working to resolve hypothetical scenarios lection by the Prosecutor’s Office. The Office new media course in university curricula. involving human trafficking and migration, published commentaries to the decisions freedom of media, chemical waste manage- of the Cassation Court and commissioned Electoral reform. The Office, in co-operation ment, gender equality, energy security and research on case law of the European Court with ODIHR experts, took part in a seminar political instability. for Human Rights in relation to Armenia. on election administration. It also organized Current witness-protection procedures an international symposium to discuss the were assessed through monitoring and new draft Electoral Code. legal analysis.

62 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Russian Federation

Mongolia Central Asia Field operations Central Head of Centre: Ambassador Arsim Zekolli Budget: €1,401,700 Centre in www.osce.org/ashgabat

Ashgabat Aral Sea

China The Centre continued to support Turkmenistan in the implementation of its OSCE Kazakhstan commitments in all three dimensions. Activities focused on areas such as supporting Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan legal reform and media development, strengthening border security and management, Ca spian Turkmenistan providing election support, promoting human rights standards, facilitating the Se a Tajikistan development of transport links and promoting rational use of land and water resources. Ashgabat

Pakistan Iran Afghanistan

■■ Politico-military dimension practices in the safe and secure stockpiling of small arms Police education. The Centre facilitated the exchange of and light weapons and conventional ammunition. information and best practices in police education and curriculum development through a study tour to Lithu- Combating drug trafficking.To strengthen the capacity of ania and a roundtable for officials from the Interior Min- border agencies and combat drug trafficking, the Centre istry and the Police Academy of Turkmenistan. held training courses for customs officials in Ashgabat and Dashoguz, focusing on examination and detection Support to the media sector. The Centre continued its techniques and protection of evidence. To support cross- support to the international journalism department at border co-operation, the Centre invited two customs the Institute for International Relations with a follow- officials from Uzbekistan to the course in Dashoguz. up training course for students who attended the first training in 2009. An applied on-the-job training was ■■ Economic and environmental dimension also organized for editorial and technical staff working activities for State television news programmes. In addition, the Promoting railway and road transport development. In Centre supported a seminar on media regulation, in co- co-operation with the Office of the Co-ordinator of the operation with the Embassy of the United Kingdom in OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities and Turkmenistan. the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), the Centre held an inter-regional workshop Strengthening border security and management. To im- on Euro-Asian transport links (EATL) in the port city of prove travel-document security, the Centre organized Turkmenbashi. training courses for law-enforcement officials in Ashga- bat, Mary and Turkmenabat and facilitated the installa- Support to the agricultural sector. The Centre supported tion of an electronic database for passports at one of the the establishment of the Crop and Irrigation Diversifica- departments of the State Migration Service and at two tion Advisory Centre (CIDAC) on the premises of the international airports in Turkmenistan. It also provided agribusiness school of the Turkmen Agricultural Univer- two manuals with detailed information about interna- sity in Turkmenabat. The CIDAC serves as a consultative tional travel documents for the State Migration Service. and educational resource base for local farmers, students and faculty. To promote rational land management, the Promoting security of weapon and ammunition stockpiles. Centre launched a project on protection from mudflows In co-operation with the United States Defense Threat and re-cultivation of degraded lands in several moun- Reduction Agency, the Centre organized a training tainous villages in the Ahal region. The project included course for 30 mid-level officers from the Defence Minis- construction of a dam in the mudflow bed in the village try to raise awareness of international standards and best of Garaul and two environmental training events for young people. The Centre commenced a lecture series on international affairs and politics by prominent speakers and invited the former President of Albania, Rexhep Meidani, and Ambassador Markku Reimaa, who Promoting anti-corruption instruments and practices. In served as the Head of the Special Mission of Finland to the CSCE in co-operation with the UN Office on Drugs and Crime Vienna. To mark the anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act, the Centre (UNODC), the Centre organized a national workshop on distributed a Turkmen translation of Helsinki Catch, Reimaa’s book on the implementation of the UN Convention against Cor- the history of the CSCE. ruption and facilitated the translation and publication

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 63 Editorial and technical Students attend classes Marat Kogamov, Rector of the staff from Turkmenistan’s at the Crop and Irrigation Kazakh University of Law and State television network Advisory Centre (CIDAC), Humanities, addresses judges participate in hands-on opened with the support and law enforcement officers at a training organized by of the OSCE Centre, summer course on international the OSCE in Ashgabat in Turkmenabat on human rights standards in the on 7 June 2010 (OSCE/ 28 September 2010. (OSCE/ administration of criminal justice, Svetlana Ostroushenko). Begench Babakuliyev) in Ashgabat on 27 July 2010. (OSCE/Svetlana Ostroushenko)

of the Technical Guide to the UN Conven- Support to the administration of justice. An approximately 200 individuals in 2010. To tion against Corruption in the Turkmen OSCE summer course on international hu- improve the quality of education for blind language. man rights standards in the administration children, equipment for printing school- of criminal justice was held for judges and books in the Braille system was provided to Supporting economic empowerment of ru- law-enforcement officials. To promote the the Turkmen Society of Blind and Deaf Per- ral women. Generating alternative income role of national judicial training centres, the sons, with financial support from the OSCE was the focus of a project for rural women Centre organized a seminar on initial and Charity Funds. launched by the Centre in the Mary prov- regular in-service professional training for ince. The project featured ten outreach train- judges and prosecutors and a study visit to Prevention of trafficking in human beings. ing workshops, publication of a brochure on the Justice Academy of Turkey. The Centre facilitated the exchange of best rural guest house management and develop- practices in combating human traffick- ment of eco-tours in the Mary province. Support to the election process. Members of ing for labour exploitation by organizing a Turkmenistan’s Central Election Commis- conference for 45 representatives from State A high-level international conference with sion discussed good practices and modern institutions, civil society, international or- the theme of “Strengthening regional co- methods for organizing elections during ganizations and embassies. The Centre also operation in Central Asia for promoting study visits to three OSCE participating supported the National Red Crescent Society stable and reliable energy within Eurasia” was held on 3-4 May 2010 in Ashgabat. The States. The Centre also supported an OSCE/ of Turkmenistan (NRCST) in organizing conference, co-hosted by the Government ODIHR Elections Expert Team, which training events throughout the country on of Turkmenistan and the OSCE Centre in was invited by the Government to observe how to prevent human trafficking and pro- Ashgabat in co-operation with the Office regional council elections in December. In mote safe migration. of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and co-operation with ODIHR, it organized a Environmental Activities, brought together Support to the penitentiary system. 85 participants from 26 OSCE participat- roundtable to discuss recommendations To fur- ing States and two OSCE Partners for from the ongoing OSCE/ODIHR review of ther promote awareness of prisoners’ rights, Co-operation. Turkmenistan’s electoral legal framework. the Centre organized two training courses for prison officers at the Police Academy, ■■ Human dimension activities Promoting human rights standards. The one of which focused on the rights of female Supporting legal reform. To promote ac- Centre organized lectures on international inmates. The Centre also prepared the first cess to the country’s applicable legislation, human rights standards in the administra- draft of a manual on the rights of prisoners, the Centre launched a searchable database tion of criminal justice at the Turkmen targeting teachers at the Police Academy. containing all officially published national State University and on international hu- normative acts as well as international trea- man rights law at the Foreign Ministry’s Domestic violence. The Centre supported the ties. The Centre held a series of three courses Institute of International Relations. Jointly public association Keik Okara in running a on legislative drafting skills for parliamen- with OSCE/ODIHR, the Centre organized a domestic violence hotline and in organizing tarians and parliamentary legal officers and training course on human rights protection training courses for hotline consultants and organized a study visit to the parliaments in countering terrorism at the Police Acad- the public at large. With the Centre’s sup- of Luxembourg and Belgium. The Centre emy and a roundtable to present the Hand- port, the NRCST also held training events to also disseminated comments by OSCE/ book on Human Rights and Fundamental raise awareness about HIV/AIDs, sexually ODIHR on national legislation on religious Freedoms of Armed Forces Personnel at the transmitted diseases and domestic violence freedom, public assembly and trafficking in Military Institute. The Centre also contin- in four regions of Turkmenistan. human beings. ued to provide legal consultations, assisting

64 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Central Asia Field operations Central Head of Centre: Ambassador Alexandre Keltchewsky Budget: €2,188,200 Centre in www.osce.org/astana Astana

Russian Federation The OSCE received considerable attention in Kazakhstan during its Chairmanship year, resulting in an increased focus on some of Central Asia’s greatest challenges. In partnership with Government agencies, civil society representatives, OSCE Institutions Astana Mongolia and international organizations, the Centre in Astana addressed a broad range of Kazakhstan issues, including political reform, border and water management, transport and transit, China

Ca Aral Sea organized crime, labour migration, good governance, political freedoms, judiciary reform, spian Almaty

a human rights and the reform of law enforcement agencies. The Centre’s activities Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan included cross-dimensional, multi-disciplinary approaches and a regional perspective Turkmenistan Tajikistan Iran when relevant and feasible. Pakistan Afghanistan

■■ Politico-military dimension activities several European countries and the MoD’s participation Political reforms. The Centre continued to promote the in the OSCE Global Exchange of Military Information. broadest possible participation of local and national Government officials, political parties and representa- ■■ Economic and environmental dimension tives from non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in activities discussions on political reform. Transboundary integrated water resource management. Following the signing of a memorandum of understand- Youth programmes and outreach. The Centre conducted ing in 2009 with the Kazakhstan branch of the Interna- numerous awareness-raising activities at educational tional Fund for Saving the Aral Sea, the Centre helped institutions and other venues throughout the country. revitalize the interest of the international community in This year’s regional Central Asian Youth Network activi- the environmental and socioeconomic challenges of the ties brought together some 40 young leaders to study Aral Sea region, a Chairmanship priority. The Centre regional security issues. The Centre also supported the also helped the host country achieve significant progress translation of key OSCE documents into the Kazakh towards finalizing Kazakhstan’s national programme on language and distributed them to a broad cross-section water management. of the public. Transport and transit. Assisting Kazakhstan in its Chair- Democratic policing support. The Centre partnered with manship of the OSCE’s 18th Economic and Environ- a local NGO to conduct more than a dozen train-the- mental Forum (EEF) figured prominently in the Centre’s trainer courses throughout the country as part of a proj- efforts to promote good governance and regional co- ect to integrate a human rights component into police operation, in co-ordination with its national partners training. The Centre also helped organize a regional and the United Nations Economic Commission for Eu- workshop in Astana on combating organized crime. rope. A landmark event in this regard was the Regional Seminar on Promoting Integrity in Customs and Border Border security. The Centre co-organized with the In- Services in Central Asia and South Caucasus, a follow- ternational Organization for Migration and other part- up to the 18th EEF. ners a joint training seminar on Kazakhstan’s southern border with Kyrgyzstan for customs officers and border Labour migration. Activities focused on identifying and inspectors from both countries. The Centre also facili- co-ordinating practical solutions to labour migration tated participation by border officials from Kazakhstan challenges at the regional level. One major regional event in training events at the OSCE Border Management Staff was a seminar on gender and labor migration, which was College. organized by the Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities (OCEEA) Military co-operation. As in previous years, the Centre and the Centre in partnership with the Ministry of partnered with the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in host- Labor and Social Protection and several international ing two Central Asian regional events: on confidence- organizations. and security-building measures and on combating illicit trafficking in small arms and light weapons. The Centre Environment and sustainable development. The Centre also supported activities pertaining to the Vienna Docu- continued its co-operation with the Ministry of Envi- ment 1999, such as military officials’ inspection visits to ronmental Protection to address national environmental

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 65 Participants discuss Participants in a seminar local self-government on combating the illicit issues at a conference trafficking of small arms organized by the OSCE and light weapons, in Centre in Astana on Almaty on 16 September 21 May 2010. (OSCE/ 2010. (OSCE/Andrew Andrew Offenbacher) Offenbacher)

Participants at a Central Asian The Kokaral dam at Youth Network seminar, in the North Aral Sea on Almaty on 22 June 2010. 17 May 2010. (OSCE/ (OSCE/Andrew Offenbacher) Aiman Smagulova)

issues and with the Central Asian Re- by governmental authorities to provide their understanding of protection issues and gional Environment Centre (CAREC) for expertise and support in the area of legal skills in victim identification. The Centre regional concerns. reform. For example, the Centre organized also assisted State agencies with implement- training seminars in co-operation with the ing new legislation on gender equality and Transparent and efficient economic envi- General Prosecutor’s Office to provide pros- domestic violence by facilitating dialogue ronment. The Centre, in co-operation with ecutors with practical jury trial skills and with civil society and conducting targeted other international organizations, organized supported an analytical project exploring training events. a series of workshops for local businesses alternatives to detention. on the new customs code/union between Media development. The Centre continued Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia. It also ex- Human rights and democratization. The Cen- to support the professional development of panded its efforts to encourage transparency tre, in partnership with the Danish Institute journalists through training programmes. in the extractive industries and broader for Human Rights, launched a long-term Several activities aimed to enhance the participation of civil society. In addition, the project to strengthen the legislative frame- media’s co-operation with NGOs and State Centre was granted observer status with the work and capacity of the Ombudsman Insti- institutions; other projects provided for dis- Extractive Industries Transparency Initia- tution. The Centre also facilitated dialogue cussions about Internet freedom and devel- tive National Commission. on freedom of assembly through a monitor- opment. The Centre also closely monitored ing project carried out in several regions and freedom of speech and frequently liaised ■■ Human dimension activities a conference. with the OSCE Representative on Freedom Rule of law. The Centre continued its efforts of the Media and State authorities. to encourage fair trial standards, equal ac- Countering trafficking in human beings and cess to justice and criminal justice reform. domestic violence. The Centre co-operated It pursued close co-operation with all stake- with law enforcement agencies, other State holders and also fulfilled numerous requests bodies and NGOs on activities to improve

66 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Russian Federation Russian Federation

Mongolia Central Asia Field operations Central Head of Centre: Ambassador Andrew Tesoriere Budget: €7,092,300 Centre in www.osce.org/bishkek

Bishkek Aral Sea

2010 was an eventful year, which saw the overthrow of President Bakiyev in April, inter- Kazakhstan ethnic violence in southern Kyrgyzstan in June, a referendum on a new Constitution Bishkek in July and pre-term parliamentary elections in October. In the aftermath of the April Caspian Sea Kyrgyzstan turmoil, the OSCE, the United Nations and the European Union quickly formed a Turkmenistan Osh tripartite group to co-ordinate the international response and help address these issues. Uzbekistan China The OSCE Centre in Bishkek played a central role in co-ordinating activities on the Batken ground. In July, the Centre received OSCE contingency and supplementary funding to Tajikistan help support emergency stabilisation measures. All ongoing programmes were adapted in light of the new circumstances. Afghanistan Pakistan

Iran

■■ Politico-military dimension activities Action against terrorism. The Centre focused on helping Early warning and conflict prevention. The Centre pro- Kyrgyzstan strengthen the security of its critical energy vided a steady flow of early-warning reporting and anal- infrastructure against terrorist attacks, supporting ac- ysis to participating States and international partners, tivities to build capacity and encourage co-operation focusing especially on monitoring areas of potential between relevant State agencies. The Centre continued conflict. In response to violence in southern Kyrgyzstan to promote the public-private partnership concept in in June, the Centre intensified its conflict-management combating terrorism, as well as in improving travel activities. It also worked to promote tolerance and build document security. Through a series of training events the capacity of local mediators. It successfully mobilized and roundtables, it promoted international standards the mediator system first established in March 2010 in in countering cyber-terrorism, preventing religious Suzak district to respond to the June violence in Jalal- extremism and radicalization in religious institutions, Abad city. These efforts helped to mitigate the impact of educational institutions and the penitentiary system, the violence. and protecting human rights while combating terrorism.

Development of political institutions. In response to po- Border security and management. The Centre worked litical instability following the April uprising, the Centre to improve cross-border dialogue and prevent conflict supported the co-operation of political parties on legis- in border areas through the creation and strengthening lative issues, public relations and the electoral process. of local conflict-prevention mechanisms. It continued It assisted with the negotiation and signing of a Code to support efforts by customs agencies in Kyrgyzstan of Conduct between the political parties contesting the and Afghanistan to deliver sustainable training, via the October parliamentary elections. The Centre also sup- Customs Training Facility in Bishkek. Regular donor ported the creation of voter education websites, encour- co-ordination was established. The Centre also initiated aging an informed choice between the 29 parties, and training of border troops in the three southern prov- supported live TV debates, ensuring parties equal access inces, focusing on conflict prevention. to airtime. It also worked to strengthen women’s and youth leadership skills and boost their political partici- Police reform. The Centre continued to support initia- pation. Collectively, these activities helped support the tives in the areas of community-based policing, police peaceful and successful outcome of the constitutional education, juvenile-delinquency prevention, police- referendum and parliamentary elections. community relations and gender mainstreaming. In October, an international conference on the role of Media issues. To reopen lines of communication and female police officers in democratic society resulted in broaden access to information following the instabil- the creation of the Association of Women Police of Kyr- ity, the Centre organized capacity-building activities gyzstan. In response to the April and June events, the for journalists and Government spokespersons, with Centre actively supported the host country’s initiative to special attention to those in southern Kyrgyzstan. It also establish citizen patrols, which played an important role continued to promote a free and responsible media, fo- in helping local police maintain public order. cusing on journalist safety, legislation and the transition from a State-run to a public broadcasting system.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 67 Internal Troops Visitors receive Minister of Interior officers participate in information and Colonel Zarylbek a training session on promotional materials Rysaliev, President watercraft patrolling at an anti-corruption Roza Otunbayeva and for protection of event in Bishkek on 9 the Head of the OSCE critical infrastructure December 2010. (OSCE/ Centre in Bishkek in Cholpon-Ata on Raphael Tenaud) Ambassador Andrew 1 August 2010. (OSCE/ Tesoriere at the opening Kutman Borboev) of the Constituent Assembly of the Association of Women Police in Kyrgyzstan on 1 October 2010. (OSCE/ Kylych Kubatbekov)

■■ Economic and environmental worked to improve accessibility to invest- a forum for discussions on how younger dimension activities ment information by hosting public events people can address corruption and improve for young entrepreneurs and supporting governance. In the aftermath of the April and June events investment catalogues and websites. the Centre realigned its efforts, concentrating Environmental issues. The Centre facilitated on activities to ease tension and mitigate con- Good governance. The Centre facilitated the inclusion of environmental safety and flict in the south of Kyrgyzstan. participation by a non-governmental orga- sustainable development into national curri- nization (NGO) in the monitoring of the cula of secondary schools and helped estab- Economic issues. The Centre laid ground- State Directorate responsible for the recon- lish educational standards. It continued to work to strengthen governance and address struction of areas affected during the June promote social and economic development the allocation and use of resources such violence. It also supported the establishment in three former uranium-mining villages as water and land. Baseline surveys were of anti-corruption telephone hotlines at the and further supported the mobile crisis in- conducted to measure the impact of future airport in Bishkek and other areas. In addi- tervention team of the Emergency Ministry programmes. A survey to assess small-scale tion, the Centre supported the publication in the south. It also helped local farmers up- cross-border trade was also commissioned. of a manual for local self-governance bodies grade irrigation systems, which helped pre- The Centre continued its support of legal and organized training to enhance partici- vent inter-communal conflicts over water. labour migration policies and promoted pants’ understanding of their responsibili- the drafting of a law on private employ- ties. It likewise facilitated public hearings on Participants at a ment agencies. It also supported research by budgets of local self-governance bodies. To seminar on the OSCE and Central independent experts to assist the Ministry increase youth awareness of anti-corruption Asia at the OSCE for Labour Migration in formulating a sus- efforts in the south, the Centre helped es- Academy in Bishkek tainable policy on remittances. The Centre tablish students’ initiative groups, providing on 12 October 2010. (OSCE/Sarah Crozier)

OSCE Academy Now in its eighth year, the OSCE Academy graduated 20 students with a Master of Arts in Political Science and recruited 21 students from Central Asian countries and Afghan- istan. It continued its training programmes, focusing this year on journalism and human rights. In September, the Academy held its third forum for security experts, during which participants from Central Asia, East and South-East Asia, Europe and the United States analyzed and discussed key regional security dynamics and functional issues. The Academy’s Alumni Network hosted its first reunion in September, with 60 graduates out of 140 attending. In October, the Academy, in co-operation with the Press and Public Information Section, hosted a seminar to mark the 20th anniversary of the Paris Charter and nearly two decades of the independence of the Central Asian States.

68 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Central Asia Field operations Central Students at the OSCE Academy in Bishkek take part in the OSCE Module, an intensive course in which OSCE professionals share their work experiences with participants, on 2 March 2010. (OSCE Academy/ Tatiana Zelichenko)

Officers from Airport police officers Kyrgyzstan’s border learn how to identify troops at a training victims of trafficking session on the Interpol in human beings at a database in Bishkek training session for on 20 December border guards and 2010. (OSCE/Kutman transport police in Borboev) Osh on 17 December 2010. (OSCE/Graziella Pavone)

■■ Human dimension activities Penal reform. The Centre supported training and June. The Centre supported central and Institutional and legal reform. The Centre of prison personnel as part of efforts to align municipal authorities in establishing an ef- widely supported the elaboration of a draft practices with national and international fective mechanism of State-guaranteed free Constitution, which was initiated after the human rights standards. It also worked to legal advice and protection for vulnerable April 2010 events. The Constitution aimed strengthen the management of penitentiary groups. to introduce a parliamentary government facilities, to build the capacity of local hu- system in line with OSCE commitments. man rights defenders who monitor deten- Promoting gender equality and fighting The Centre co-ordinated efforts of the inter- tion facilities and to improve detention trafficking in human beings. The Centre national community in preparing and com- conditions and treatment, in particular for continued to carry out awareness cam- municating legal opinions on the draft Con- prisoners serving life sentences. The Centre paigns on gender equality and to promote stitution and promoted nationwide public regularly provided advice on maintaining women’s participation in Government, in discussions on the proposed amendments. security in penitentiary facilities, including particular in the context of the 10 October To help the Kyrgyz Republic prepare for during times of conflict. parliamentary elections. The Centre also the 27 June constitutional referendum and assisted in the promotion of women’s rights the 10 October parliamentary elections, the Promoting adherence to international human in the peace-building process, conflict pre- Centre launched voter-education initiatives, rights standards. The Centre promoted the vention and post-conflict reconstruction. including television and radio public-service training of judges, prosecutors, police and Further efforts were undertaken to support announcements, debates, information cam- court personnel in the application of inter- public awareness campaigns about domestic paigns and election-related publications. national and national human rights acts. It violence, bride kidnapping and trafficking It also facilitated the training of election assisted in strengthening the capacities of in human beings, in particular among the representatives and other State officials, the local NGOs to effectively address human youth. The Centre assisted in developing and organization of voting in detention facilities rights violations, facilitated monitoring of reviewing national anti-trafficking legisla- and independent domestic observation. trials and worked to improve the treatment tion and co-ordination among civil society, of those in police custody. The latter was of law-enforcement and local authorities in particular importance after events in April southern Kyrgyzstan.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 69 Russian Federation Russian Federation

Mongolia

Head of Office: Ambassador Ivar Vikki Budget: €5,926,200 Office in www.osce.org/tajikistan Aral Sea Tajikistan Kazakhstan Moving forward towards a comprehensiveCaspian security Sea approach incorporating all three Kyrgyzstan dimensions, the Office focused on border security and management, ranging from Khujand activities within the Border Management Staff College to mine clearance near the Tajik- Uzbekistan China Afghan border; on practical action to address economic and environmental challenges; Garm and on promotion and protection of human rights. Dushanbe Kulyab Tajikistan Turkmenistan Kurgan-Teppa Shartuz

Pakistan Afghanistan Iran

■■ Politico-military dimension activities management strategies to hone the organizational skills Political dialogue. In co-operation with the Public of senior police management. In co-operation with the Council of Tajikistan, the Office supported the Social Drug Control Agency, the Office continued its coun- Partnership Club, inviting civil society and Government trywide campaign against illicit drugs, targeting young representatives to participate in discussions of impor- people in particular. The Office also conducted research tant societal issues such as energy security, information into violent extremism and radicalization as a means to security and labour migration. The Office also hosted develop effective response strategies that protect human monthly discussions on current political issues for polit- rights and ensure freedom of belief. ical party and civil society representatives at its five field offices. In addition, the Office facilitated the participa- Small arms and light weapons and conventional ammunition of Parliamentary observers in election observation tion (SALW and CA). To further improve security and the missions to the United Kingdom and the United States management of stockpiles of SALW and CA, the Office to strengthen the engagement of the newly elected Tajik supported national training capacity and assisted in the Parliament with the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly. establishment a Centre for Emergency Situations and Other Incidents. Border security. The National Border Strategy that was developed with the Office’s support was adopted by the Confidence- and security-building measures. The Office Government. The Office also conducted training in- pa supported the Government’s efforts to observe its com- trolling for border troops and in search techniques for mitments under the Vienna Document 1999 through customs officers and provided the necessary equipment capacity-building initiatives at the Tajik Verification to both groups. In co-operation with national border Centre, improving its ongoing information exchange and law-enforcement academies, the Office developed through the OSCE Information Exchange Network. In training curricula and led a workshop for Tajik and Af- addition, the Office supported the participation of spe- ghan officers on border delegate co-operation. cialists from the Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in OSCE-wide security-related events Support for police reform and counter terrorism. The and training. Office, in co-operation with the Interior Ministry, developed a Memorandum of Understanding establishing Mine clearance. The Office continued to assist the principles for police reform and also introduced change Defence Ministry’s National De-mining Unit on mine clearance near the Tajik/Afghan border. Nine minefields were located, marked and mapped within the OSCE- Launched in May 2009, the OSCE Border Management Staff College (BMSC) conducted 11 seminars as well as its first Staff created border minefield database. To promote the Course, training a total of 257 mid-level and high-ranking establishment of a regional framework for co-operation border, customs and drug control agency officers from 19 OSCE on mine clearance, the Office and its partner, the Inter- participating States and Afghanistan. A one-month intensive national Trust Fund, conducted, inter alia, a regional course offered the participants coherent training on border technical workshop on co-operation mechanisms. management and comprehensive security across the three OSCE dimensions. The BMSC is assisted and advised by an Academic Advisory Board and a Consortium of National Training Institutes, which also provide expertise and resources.

70 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Central Asia Field operations Central The Tajik/Afghan Boys in Tojikabat display Preparation of a remote- border crossing at an educational leaflet controlled mine clearance Nyzhny Pjansh in distributed in July 2010 as machine used to map and November 2010. part of an OSCE-supported mark mine fields on the (OSCE/Carolyn Drake) drug prevention campaign Tajik/Afghan border in by Tajikistan’s Drug Control November 2010. (OSCE/ Agency. (OSCE/Oliver Janser) Carolyn Drake)

■■ Economic and environmental Committee of the International Fund for policies. It also facilitated Government-civil dimension activities Saving the Aral Sea. society dialogue on legal and programming Cross-border trade. The Office, through its challenges posed by the switchover to digital three cross-border trade promotion centres, Environmental policies and awareness. The broadcasting. Having previously assisted in supported local entrepreneurs engaged in Office supported research on climate change the establishment of a media self-regulation trade with neighbouring countries, reaching in Tajikistan and assisted a working group body, the Office provided additional help in more than 940 beneficiaries. Moreover, host in drafting waste regulations for energy- its implementation and regional outreach. country officials acquired best practices in saving bulbs. It also advised officials and management of free economic zones, help- corporate representatives on policy tools Elections. To promote voter education prior ing to attract approximately €14.5 million in that link business development with envi- to February 2010 parliamentary elections, private investment in the Sughd Free Eco- ronmental protection. To promote environ- the Office produced television and radio nomic Zone. Officials were also introduced mental awareness, the Office continued to spots, reached more than 18,000 voters in to the concept of public-private partnerships support Aarhus Centres and youth activities face-to-face community outreach, blanketed to modernize trade operations at border that supplement environmental education print media with instructional materials and crossings. in schools. held youth debate camps on the political process. Energy security. The Office facilitated cre- Good governance. In 2010, the Office began ation of an inter-ministerial group on the working on policy-driven anti-corruption Anti-trafficking in human beings. The Office development of small hydropower stations, activities by offering consultations on best and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs began with a focus on creating an appropriate practices for senior policymakers in the the quarterly Dialogue on Human Traf- regulatory framework to attract domestic legislative and executive branches of the ficking, convening high-level Government and foreign private investors. Government. officials, civil society organizations and -in ternational actors to discuss anti-trafficking Encouraging business establishment. The ■■ Human dimension activities issues, including the National Action Plan. It Office provided practical guidance on estab- Human rights and rule of law. The Office -con also helped the Police Academy develop an lishing service co-operatives for entrepre- tinued to support institutional development interactive course on anti-trafficking inves- neurs in rural areas and offered training to of the Office of the Human Rights Ombuds- tigation techniques, which is now included returning migrant labourers on how to start man. It sustained national and regional dia- in the curriculum. their own businesses. logue between Government and civil society on detention issues, access to justice, free- Gender. The Office supported the Interior Water management. The Office trained offi- dom of religion and capital punishment. The Ministry by training specialized police units cials from the water, energy and agricultural Office also fostered multi-agency engage- in recognizing and responding to domestic sectors in confidence-building measures and ment in improving human rights education. violence cases, providing equipment and conducted a study tour on best practices in facilitating co-operation with local crisis river basin management for senior mem- Democratization of the media. To improve centres operated by civil society organiza- bers of the Kyrgyz-Tajik Inter-ministerial consumer access to information, the Office tions. The Office also trained civil servants Working Group on Water Management. helped print media establish a distribu- in gender-sensitive budgeting and helped The Office also strengthened co-operation tion co-operative and provided training develop community action plans to promote with the Tajikistan Branch of the Executive to increase reader orientation of editorial girls’ education.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 71 Russian Federation

Project Co-ordinator: Ambassador Istvan Venczel Budget: €1,868,300 Project Co-ordinator www.osce.org/tashkent Mongolia in Uzbekistan

The Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan continued its efforts to implement projects Kazakhstan Aral Sea and encourage the participation of Uzbek officials and civil society in OSCE eventsCa spian Sea and project activities in the three dimensions. Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Tashkent

China Turkmenistan Tajikistan

Iran Afghanistan Pakistan

■■ Politico-military dimension activities international legal framework on combating money laun- Police reform. With the Police Academy, the Project Co- dering and the financing of terrorism, micro-financing, ordinator supported capacity-building for law-enforce- the Financial Action Task Force Recommendations, the ment staff, focusing on counter-terrorism, management Third Directive of the European Commission and other training and new methods in crime investigation. related structures. The Project Co-ordinator also helped establish working contacts to facilitate Uzbekistan’s ac- Combating the impact of drug trafficking. The Project Co- cession to the Egmont Group in 2011. ordinator organized training and published handbooks and toolkits on drug-abuse treatment for National Drug Promoting entrepreneurship. The Project Co-ordinator Control Agency staff and for social and medical workers. organized a series of training seminars and roundtables in different regions reaching out to judges, lawyers, en- Biometric passports. In co-ordination with the OSCE trepreneurs and other interested parties. The aim of these Action Against Terrorism Unit, the Project Co-ordinator activities was to promote arbitration — rather than liti- shared with local partners the benefits of and technical gation — as a more rapid and economical means of set- requirements for participation in the International Civil tling disputes. The Project Co-ordinator also supported Aviation Organization/Public Key Directory (ICAO). The the drafting of the Commentary to the second part of the Project Co-ordinator also provided technical support Civil Code. and training to ensure sustainable performance at data collection centers. Reforming legislation. To increase transparency in decision-making, the Project Co-ordinator launched a proj- Media development. The Project Co-ordinator, in co- ect with the ministries of Justice, Economy and Finance operation with the OSCE Representative on Freedom of to elaborate a methodology for measuring regulatory the Media, organized a camera-training course for young quality and assess the impact of draft legal acts on eco- journalists and regional representatives of the National nomic development. Association of Electronic Mass Media. Supporting farming and rural development. In co-oper- Development of civil society. The Project Co-ordinator ation with the Farmers’ Association and the Ministry organized a number of training courses to help build the of Agriculture and Water Management, the Project capacity of socio-political organizations and supported Co-ordinator continued working through its regional the organization of public events on legislative and network of farming development centres. The Project multiparty systems. Co-ordinator provided training courses on sustainable farming, with particular emphasis on efficient use of ■■ Economic and environmental dimension water in irrigated farming. Together with the MASHAV activities Centre for International Cooperation (Israel), the Project Good governance. The Project Co-ordinator continued Co-ordinator also organized training-of-trainers on de- to support efforts to combat money-laundering and the sertification issues and new technologies in agriculture. financing of terrorism structures. It co-ordinated the development of software to detect suspicious transac- Monitoring environmental threats. The Project Co- tions, which will be used throughout the banking sector. ordinator supported the elaboration of a methodology National compliance officers received training on the and two field missions by specialists to monitor surface

72 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Central Asia Field operations Central Uzbek farmers learn Deputy Minister for about cattle breeding Foreign Economic on a visit to Germany Relations, Investments on 1 July 2010. (OSCE/ and Trade Shavkat Caroline Milow) Tulyaganov (third from left) opens the Euro Asian Transport Links Expert Group Meeting in Tashkent on 1 November 2010. (Mercury Service)

water flows and bottom sediments along the justice officials and judges through regional transboundary territories of the Syrdarya workshops and supported the establishment River Basin. Findings were used to establish of the Scientific-Practical Laboratory on In- a database to be shared by specialists from ternational Law at the Research Centre un- Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan and to formu- der the Supreme Court. It also participated late recommendations on remedying envi- in capacity-building activities by organizing ronmental damage. a training course on human rights monitoring for police officers and by printing related Facilitating Eurasian transport. In November, handbooks. the Project Co-ordinator, in co-operation with the United Nations Economic Com- Combating trafficking in human beings. The mission for Europe and the Ministry of For- Project Co-ordinator implemented work- eign Economic Relations, Investments and shops for law enforcement investigators, Trade, organized the Fifth Expert Group customs officers and judges and organized Meeting within the Euro Asian Transport investigative training for police officers. It Links Project in Tashkent. Participants supported efforts to raise the professional discussed the strengths, weaknesses, oppor- capacity of defence lawyers, promote ad- tunities and threats to Euro-Asian inland equate protection of victims and ensure ac- transport routes and agreed on data to be cess to effective legal remedies. An interna- collected and processed in order to identify tional workshop on protecting the rights of and prioritize inland routes. trafficked persons served as an opportunity for experts to share experiences, identify ■■ Human dimension activities challenges and find solutions. Supporting the Ombudsperson. The Project Co-ordinator continued to assist the Om- Supporting the Department of Human budsperson, installing complaints database Rights Theory and Practice at the Police software in the Central Office and organiz- Academy. The Project Co-ordinator initi- ing special training on its use. The Project ated a two-year project to build the capac- Co-ordinator also published a new edition of ity of the Police Academy’s Department the World Ombudsmen handbook and orga- of Human Rights Theory and Practice nized a study tour to Hungary and Portugal. through technical support, publications and training-for-trainers. Promoting human rights. The Project Co- ordinator continued to promote human rights and rule-of-law principles among

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 73 Assistance with bilateral agreements Representative to the Latvian-Russian Joint Commission on Military Pensioners

The Representative continued to assist in the implementation of the 1994 bilateral agreement between the Latvian and Russian Governments on social guarantees for military pensioners of the Russian Federation and their families residing in Latvia. The latest available overview listed 14,285 persons who receive a pension from the federal budget of the Russian Federation — 8,035 persons fewer than when the Agreement was signed on 30 April 1994.

■■ Activities and developments No official commission meetings in 2010. No individual complaints were brought to the attention of the Commis- sion by military pensioners in 2010. On the other hand, the Russian and Latvian sides are still engaged in identifying possible procedures that could allow additional persons to be included on the list of eligible military pensioners. The Representative has already provided some ideas on the possible composition of an adjusted list. Different opinions concerning the application of specific provisions of the Agreement were still under discussion at the national level and prevented the Latvian and Russian parties from agreeing to official discussions on this issue in 2010. However, it is expected that a common understanding regarding which basic principles should determine the composition of the military pensioners’ list will be established in the coming year.

OSCE Representative: Helmut Napiontek Budget: €9,300

74 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Institutions

Above left: A news stand in Kazakhstan. (OSCE/Lubomir Kotek)

Above right: Polling station commission members in Grigorivka, Kirovohrad region, during the second round of presidential elections in Ukraine on 7 February 2010. (OSCE/Adam Adamus)

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 75 Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights

The Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR), as the Organization’s main Institution focusing on the human dimension, organized events and activities to promote the implementation of OSCE commitments in the areas of democracy, rule of law, human rights, and tolerance and non-discrimination. It covered 21 elections in 2010 and continued to assist participating States in ensuring that their national legislation is in line with OSCE commitments.

■■ Monitoring implementation former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Mon- Elections remained a primary focus for ODIHR in 2010, tenegro, Norway, Romania, Tajikistan and Ukraine. and the Office continued to widen the scope of its as- The Office continued to refine and develop its obser- sistance to participating States in conducting elections vation methodology, publishing the sixth edition of the in line with OSCE commitments. Observers for election ODIHR Election Observation Handbook in 2010. The Of- missions were drawn from 51 participating States. fice also issued a report based on the monitoring of trials Following April’s violent unrest in Kyrgyzstan, following post-election violence in Armenia in 2008. ODIHR sent observation missions to two vital votes in Several roundtables with Armenia’s justice authorities the country: the constitutional referendum in June and on concrete proposals to address identified shortcom- parliamentary elections in October. The Permanent ings followed the report’s publication. Council also asked ODIHR to deploy an election sup- Against a backdrop of growing intolerance toward port team for parliamentary elections in Afghanistan. Roma in a number of participating States, the Office Continuing to intensify its follow-up activities on closely monitored events in the summer of 2010 and election processes, the Office conducted visits to -Ar maintained communication with the government of menia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, the France over concerns about the dismantling of illegal

ODIHR Election Activities 2010 Country Election Date Type of mission Croatia Presidential, 2nd round 11 January Limited observation Ukraine Presidential 17 January, 7 February Observation Tajikistan Parliamentary 28 February Observation Hungary Parliamentary 11 April Assessment Austria Presidential 25 April Assessment United Kingdom General 6 May Assessment Georgia Local 30 May Observation Netherlands Early parliamentary 9 June Assessment Slovakia Parliamentary 12 June Assessment Kyrgyzstan Constitutional referendum 27 June Observation Moldova Constitutional referendum 5 September Election expert team Afghanistan Parliamentary 18 September Election support team Latvia Parliamentary 2 October Limited observation Bosnia and Herzegovina General 3 October Observation Kyrgyzstan Parliamentary 10 October Observation Ukraine Local 31 October Election expert team United States Congressional mid-term 2 November Assessment Azerbaijan Parliamentary 7 November Observation Moldova Early parliamentary 28 November Observation Turkmenistan Local 5 December Election expert team Belarus Presidential 19 December Observation

76 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights Human and Institutions Democratic for I nstitutions Office ODIHR published ODIHR Director Ambassador Lenarcˇicˇ the sixth edition of Ambassador Janez (foreground, left) and his the ODIHR Election L e n a r cˇ i cˇ (below, right) adviser Bernhard Knoll Handbook in 2010. and the Chairman of the (foreground, right) speak Russian Central Election with election officials Commission, Vladimir at a polling station Churov, in discussion at the in Osh, Kyrgyzstan, ODIHR office in Warsaw on during parliamentary 1 February 2010. (OSCE/ elections on 10 October Jens Eschenbaecher) 2010. (OSCE/Jens Eschenbaecher)

Roma settlements and the offering of finan- life, while the theme for the December meet- Herzegovina and for staff of the Interna- cial incentives to Roma to return to their ing was freedom of religion or belief. tional Organization for Migration (IOM) country of origin. The Office hosted a Human Dimension and the UN High Commissioner for ODIHR also released a report in 2010 on Seminar in May, focused on strengthening Refugees (UNHCR). In co-operation with a field assessment visit to Hungary, which judicial independence. OSCE field operations, ODIHR convened was carried out after attacks on Roma in a seminar on hate crimes for government 2008 and early 2009 resulted in a number ■■ Support for implementation officials and NGOs in Moldova and Serbia of deaths. A follow-up roundtable discus- The War Crimes Justice Project, a €4 million and, at the request of the European Com- sion on the report’s findings and recom- capacity-building initiative, got underway mission, provided related training for police mendations was jointly organized with the in May. It provides support to the legal and officers in Georgia. ODIHR also supported Hungarian Government on 23 November, in judicial institutions handling domestic war police training in Poland and Bosnia and Budapest. crimes caseloads in South-Eastern Europe Herzegovina. by sharing expertise and practices developed In response to MC.DEC/9/09, ODIHR ■■ Human dimension events by the International Criminal Tribunal for organized two expert meetings, in March Leading up to the 2010 OSCE Summit in the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). The Project, and May, respectively, on the potential link Astana, the Office played an important role operating in partnership with the ICTY, the between the use of the Internet and hate in organizing and hosting the first segment United Nations Interregional Crime and crimes. These meetings attracted partici- of the Review Conference, in Warsaw from Justice Research Institute and OSCE field pants from governments, major web media 30 September to 8 October. Several hundred operations in the region, was set up to re- firms and civil society. participants — representatives of govern- spond to the needs and capacity gaps identi- ODIHR’s Hate Crime Laws: A Practical ments, non-governmental organizations fied by local actors during the first phase of Guide served as the focus of a roundtable (NGOs), intergovernmental organizations the Project. held in Moscow, and briefings on the issue and the media — reviewed progress made by Based on several country studies and ex- for civil society were delivered in London, participating States in implementing human pert consultations, ODIHR, in co-operation The Hague, Istanbul, Moscow, Berlin and dimension commitments. with Germany’s Max Planck Institute, is- Copenhagen. ODIHR assisted the Chairmanship in or- sued the Kyiv Recommendations on Judicial In the area of migration, the Office con- ganizing the OSCE High-Level Conference Independence in Eastern Europe, South ducted research aimed at helping Ukraine on Tolerance and Non-Discrimination, held Caucasus and Central Asia, which list key and Kazakhstan meet OSCE commitments in Astana in June. A civil society event prior good practices regarding judicial adminis- on the integration and civic participation to the conference drew 200 participants. tration and selection and accountability of of migrants. The Office was involved in the ODIHR also supported the Chairmanship judicial officers, for implementation by par- elaboration of Gender and Labour Migra- in organizing two Supplementary Human ticipating States. tion: A Trainer’s Manual and its application Dimension Meetings in Vienna. The May Continuing its efforts to combat hate in a number of training events. The Office meeting focused on challenges and best crime, the Office organized training also assisted authorities in Kyrgyzstan in practices for improving gender balance and seminars for the OSCE Mission in Kosovo reforming the country’s residency and civil women’s participation in political and public and the OSCE Mission in Bosnia and registers in order to enhance freedom of

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 77 A voter casts his ballot at a polling Below right: Hungarian police officer station in Zhodino during the Gabriella Bán at a press conference presidential election in Belarus to launch an OSCE guide on building on 19 December 2010. OSCE trust between police and Roma and observers, including ODIHR Director Sinti communities, with ODIHR’s Janez Lenarcˇicˇ, can be seen in Andrzej Mirga (centre) and Kevin the background speaking with Carty of the OSCE Strategic Police polling-station officials. (OSCE/Jens Matters Unit, in Vienna on 21 May Eschenbaecher) 2010. (OSCE/Curtis Budden)

movement and facilitate data collection for justice and building the capacity of criminal understanding between police and Roma voter lists. justice actors. and Sinti communities. ODIHR provided legal and technical The development of country-specific expertise to support national human rights teaching materials for Austria and Hungary ■■ Legal support institutions and co-operated closely with to counter anti-Semitism brought to 16 the The Office commented during the year on these bodies in countries such as Azerbaijan, number of participating States in which draft laws concerning freedom of assembly, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro. ODIHR supports teacher-training semi- freedom of association, freedom of infor- During the year, in collaboration with nars of this kind. Modeled after the exist- mation and freedom of religion, as well as other international organizations and OSCE ing guidelines on anti-Semitism, ODIHR on laws addressing hate crimes, elections, field operations, the Office organized train- continued work in 2010 on developing political parties, gender issues, domestic ing workshops on countering terrorism and guidelines to address intolerance against violence, trafficking in human beings, anti- protecting human rights for law-enforce- Muslims, in co-operation with the UN Edu- discrimination policies, judicial indepen- ment officials in Turkmenistan and in the cational, Scientific and Cultural Organiza- dence, criminal matters and constitutional former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, tion (UNESCO) and the Council of Europe. amendments. Many of the opinions were as well as for the Border Management Staff At the request of Switzerland’s Federal followed up by in-country consultations to College in Tajikistan. Commission against Racism, ODIHR or- discuss recommendations and share exper- In the area of freedom of assembly, the ganized a roundtable for Muslim organiza- tise from throughout the OSCE region. Office co-operated with the Council of -Eu tions in Switzerland in October to discuss The Office’s legislative support activities rope and local experts in providing training the establishment of an umbrella organiza- also included the revision and publication, for local human rights defenders in Geor- tion for Muslims. in partnership with the Council of Europe’s gia, preparing them to monitor and report Following up on MC.DEC/8/09, stressing Venice Commission, of the Guidelines on on upcoming assemblies. the importance and benefits of early educa- Freedom of Assembly and the drafting and The quality of human rights education tion for Roma and Sinti children, ODIHR adoption of the Guidelines on Political Party and training by the OSCE was enhanced issued a report in December on their enroll- Regulations. by a capacity-building workshop for OSCE ment and participation, based on responses Another focus of ODIHR’s activities in field operations, while another international from participating States and civil society the area of legislative support is evaluating workshop — the first of its kind — explored to a questionnaire produced by the Office. law-making systems, looking at how laws the importance of developing human rights An important development in this area in are prepared, discussed, adopted and moni- education standards to improve practice. 2010 was the establishment by the Council tored. The Office conducted a comprehen- Both events were held in September in Istan- of Europe, ODIHR, UNESCO, UNICEF, the sive assessment of Moldova’s law-making bul. The Office also supported the develop- European Commission, the Roma Educa- system in 2010, and preliminary assessments ment of resources on human rights education tion Fund and the International Step by Step are being planned for Albania, Armenia and civic participation for use in Belarus and Association of a task force to find solutions and Serbia. for adaptation to other national contexts. to the problems plaguing Roma and Sinti in ODIHR continued to work with State au- this area. Director: Ambassador Janez Lenarcˇicˇ thorities and civil society across the OSCE ODIHR also partnered with the OSCE Budget: €15,986,800 region to ensure that responses to human Strategic Police Matters Unit in the Secre- www.osce.org/odihr trafficking are human rights-based, by tariat to publish and launch a manual fea- providing trafficked persons with access to turing good practices in building trust and

78 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 I nstitutions High on National Commissioner Minorities High Commissioner on National Minorities

The High Commissioner on National Minorities (HCNM) Institution was created in 1992 to identify and seek early resolution of ethnic tensions that might endanger peace, stability or friendly relations between or within OSCE participating States. In 2010, the High Commissioner continued to address ethnic tensions within and between States, examining conditions for minority communities in many participating States and advising them on how to improve national legislation related to minorities and interethnic relations in general. The High Commissioner also assisted a number of countries in their bilateral dialogue on national minority issues and continued to promote the Bolzano/Bozen Recommendations on National Minorities in Inter-State Relations.

Estonia and Latvia. The High Commissioner contin- discourse with the Georgian Government on the imple- ued to be involved in Estonia and Latvia, including mentation of its policy on national minorities, conflict examining proposed language legislation in Esto- prevention and various integration activities, especially nia and the Law on Electronic Media in Latvia to in the Samtskhe-Javakheti and Kvemo-Kartli districts assess implications for national minorities. The HCNM of Georgia. seconded an adviser to the ODIHR Limited Election Observation Mission to the Latvian parliamentary Kyrgyzstan. The High Commissioner visited Kyrgyzstan elections in October. Following the elections the High twice following the uprising in April 2010 and three Commissioner reiterated his concern about the still-high more times following the violence in June. He deemed number of non-citizens in Latvia and urged the newly the situation in the country particularly serious and on elected Government to take a constructive approach to a number of occasions brought this to the attention of issues of language and citizenship. the participating States. At the Permanent Council on 6 May, he expressed concern that interethnic relations Georgia. The High Commissioner visited Georgia in might further deteriorate. In accordance with his man- February, March and November 2010. In February he date, the High Commissioner issued an early warning travelled to Abkhazia, and in November to South Os- on 12 June and urged participating States to take imme- setia. During these trips the High Commissioner visited diate action to prevent further violence in the south of camps for internally displaced persons (IDPs) and dis- Kyrgyzstan, particularly in Osh and Jalalabad. cussed the return of IDPs with the relevant authorities. During subsequent visits the High Commissioner The High Commissioner assessed conditions for dif- urged the new authorities to take tangible steps to re- ferent communities in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, es- establish law and order in the south, to ensure protec- pecially for ethnic Georgians in the Gali and Akhalgori tion, to prevent intimidation and harassment of persons districts, respectively. In Sukhumi and in Tskhinvali, he belonging to the Uzbek minority and to engage in a expressed concern regarding language and education dialogue with leaders of the Uzbek community. He reit- rights, compulsory “passportization”, potential expul- erated his concern in this regard in his Statement to the sion, forced conscription and restrictions on freedom Permanent Council on 18 November: “Despite notable of movement. He urged de facto authorities in Sukhumi improvements on the humanitarian situation and recon- and Tskhinvali to refrain from putting additional pres- struction fronts, the security and human rights situation sure on the remaining Georgian community in the in the south of Kyrgyzstan remains volatile. […] The Gali and Akhalgori districts, as this could potentially Government should clearly articulate its intention and increase tensions and aggravate the humanitarian situa- take visible steps to restore law and order, to stop dis- tion on the ground. crimination of national minorities in the short-term and The High Commissioner continued his engagement to develop and implement comprehensive policies on on the Meskhetian repatriation process and stressed integration of national minorities in the medium- and the need to tackle this issue in a timely, comprehensive longer-term perspective.” (HCNM.GAL/5/10/Rev.1) and strategic manner. He assisted the Georgian Govern- To address the underlying causes of the June events, ment in setting up an inter-institutional framework and the High Commissioner continued to work with Kyrgyz developing a long-term strategy for the repatriation and authorities to develop their state concept on interethnic reintegration of the Meskhetians. He also continued his relations and integration of national minorities. He also

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 79 OSCE High Commissioner Ambassador Vollebaek for National Minorities at the opening session Knut Vollebaek of the OSCE Review (left) speaks at the Conference in Warsaw presentation of a study on 30 September 2010. on higher education needs (OSCE/Piotr Markowski) in Serbia’s Presevo and Bujanovac municipalities, in Belgrade on 3 March 2010. (OSCE/Milan Obradovic)

engaged with the new authorities regard- issue of national minorities’ access to higher Slovakia-Hungary. The High Commissioner ing the implementation of multilingual and education. He discussed follow-up to a fea- continued his engagement in Slovakia and multicultural education under the current sibility study commissioned by the Serbian Hungary, focusing on issues of dual citizen- difficult circumstances. Government to assess the viability of multi- ship and the use of the State language and ethnic higher education institutions in the minority languages in Slovakia. He assisted Moldova. During his visit to the country municipalities of Bujanovac and Presevo. Slovak authorities in their efforts to find the in February, the High Commissioner ex- On his visit to Bujanovac in October, the right legal balance between promoting the changed views with the new Moldovan High Commissioner welcomed the Govern- use and knowledge of the State language and Government on the issue of integration of ment’s announcement of its decision to open protecting the linguistic rights of national national minorities. Based on an agreement a Faculty of Economics there in 2011 and minorities. reached during the visit, he facilitated the pledged continuous support of multilingual The Slovak State Language Law under- deployment of an international expert to higher education, which will eventually went several stages of amendments. The Moldova, who assisted the authorities in enhance the integration of the Albanian High Commissioner was involved through- elaborating a programme on integration. minority in Serbia. out the process and was satisfied with the The High Commissioner also discussed Having delivered a legal analysis of the level of co-operation with authorities in Moldova’s language policy, in particular Draft Law on National Minority Councils Bratislava. In his analysis, he concluded that language regulation in the cinema sphere. the preceding year, the High Commissioner strengthening the State language is a legiti- Shortly after his visit he provided an as- followed up on the election, establishment mate aim, as long as the measures aimed at sessment of a draft amendment of the and effective functioning of these councils, achieving this aim do not unduly restrict the Cinema Law. emphasizing their important role in articu- linguistic rights of national minorities and Finally, the High Commissioner ad- lating minorities’ interests. do not limit basic human rights and free- dressed education issues in Transdniestria, doms, including the freedom of expression. including the rights of Moldovan children The High Commissioner continued to focus At the same time, he recommended that wishing to study in their mother tongue on educational issues in Kosovo1, following Slovak authorities also review minority lan- using the Latin script. Discussions also fo- up on efforts to ensure access to education guage legislation to ensure that it is compat- cused on ways to enhance intercultural and for Gorani children in the Dragash/Dragas ible with the amended State Language Law. tolerance education in the region. municipality. He also launched specific initiatives aimed at fostering mutual un- Ukraine. In September, the High Commis- Russian Federation. The High Commissioner derstanding between ethnic communities, sioner visited Ukraine. A great deal of his visited North Ossetia in November. He met including the drafting of a textbook for civic time there was devoted to the situation in with education authorities at a multilingual and inter-cultural education, which uses Crimea, including the long-standing prob- school in Vladikavkaz and reiterated his interactive pedagogy to encourage respect lem of illegal seizure of land, the allotment interest in supporting Russia’s efforts in and appreciation of diversity. of land for the planned construction of the multilingual and intercultural education. Central Mosque in Simferopol and especially the need for a legal framework regulating Serbia. During visits in March and October, the rights of formerly deported people. In 1 All references to Kosovo institutions/leaders refer to the the High Commissioner focused on the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government. advance of his visit, the High Commissioner

80 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 I nstitutions High on National Commissioner Minorities Ambassador Vollebaek Ambassador Vollebaek delivers a press observes the statement on the reconstruction of a site adoption of a strategy on in Maevka, Kyrgyzstan, integrated education by that was damaged the Government of the during looting in former Yugoslav Republic April 2010, on 1 July of Macedonia, in Skopje 2010. (OSCE/Alimjan on 7 October 2010. Jorobaev) (OSCE/Mirvete Mustafa Islam)

had provided the authorities with his assess- and Eastern Europe, Western Europe and the State language and respect for linguistic ment of the most recent Draft Law on the North America and the Black Sea regions, diversity. In his experience, the best way to Restoration of Rights of Persons Deported respectively — on the implementation of strengthen the State language in education, on Ethnic Grounds, which, overall, was the Bolzano/Bozen Recommendations on the media and public and cultural life is by positive. National Minorities in Inter-State Rela- adopting a positive approach, as negative The High Commissioner also engaged tions. The purpose of these roundtables measures designed to restrict the use of mi- in dialogue with the Ukrainian authorities was to further highlight good practices, to nority languages or to impose burdens upon with regard to language legislation. Subse- address contested issues and to discuss how speakers of minority languages are likely to quent to his visit, he provided his assessment the Recommendations can be applied and be counter-productive and may increase ten- of a controversial Draft Law on Languages, implemented in specific regional contexts. sions between different groups, especially if which was submitted by members of the a punitive approach is taken. parliamentary majority. Education of persons belonging to national minorities Roma and Sinti The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Education has been and continues to be The High Commissioner continued to raise During his visit to Skopje in October, the central to the work of successive OSCE High concerns over the situation of Roma and High Commissioner commended the au- Commissioners on National Minorities. Sinti communities during his country visits, thorities of the former Yugoslav Republic of The 2010 Supplementary Human Dimen- in particular with regard to non-discrimina- Macedonia for their adoption of the Strategy sion Meeting, hosted by the HCNM with tion and the right to free movement within on Integrated Education. This strategy con- organizational support from ODIHR in the European Union. He initiated a project stitutes a comprehensive policy framework, Vienna (22-23 July), was devoted entirely to in Kosovo aimed at increasing sensitivity the implementation of which will facilitate education of persons belonging to national to the rights, needs and interests of Roma, mutual understanding between communi- minorities. It addressed the need to com- Ashkali and Egyptian communities within ties and consolidate stability in the country. bine tuition in and through the minority the school learning environment, based on He also discussed modalities for provid- language with tuition in the State language a grass-roots approach to engage teachers, ing authorities the necessary expertise and and the increasing trend towards segregated school directors, civil society organizations advice in designing and implementing the education in many OSCE States. and parents from those communities. The long-term reform envisaged in this strategy 2008 joint assessment with the Council of in areas such as language acquisition, cur- Language legislation Europe’s Commissioner for Human Rights, riculum and textbooks, teacher training and The HCNM assessed a number of new lan- entitled Recent Migration of Roma in Europe, school governance. guage laws and amendments to existing was re-launched in order to cast focus on the language legislation in various OSCE par- report’s concrete recommendations to par- ■■ Thematic issues ticipating States. While the justifiable inten- ticipating States. tion of such legislation is almost always to HCNM Recommendations strengthen the State language by promoting High Commissioner: Knut Vollebaek During 2010, the High Commissioner host- its use in public life, the HCNM’s efforts aim Budget: €3,317,500 ed regional roundtables — in Vienna, Lon- to find the right balance between integration www.osce.org/hcnm don and The Hague and covering Central of national minorities through promotion of

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 81 Representative on Freedom of the Media

Dunja Mijatovic´, a media law and regulation expert from Bosnia and Herzegovina, took office on 11 March 2010, as the OSCE’s third Representative on Freedom of the Media. As Representative, she is charged with the responsibility of monitoring media-freedom issues, acting as a watchdog to promote full compliance with OSCE principles and commitments relating to freedom of expression and free media, and provides rapid response to serious non-compliance with OSCE principles and commitments by participating States.

■■ Monitoring and intervention From the beginning, Mijatović has challenged partici- The Representative concentrated on rapid response to pating States to work to improve conditions for journal- instances of serious non-compliance with OSCE prin- ists and for all those who wish to speak their minds. ciples and commitments by participating States. In case Following in the footsteps of her predecessors, Miklós of problems related to obstruction of media activities Haraszti and Freimut Duve, Mijatović pursued a multi and unfavourable working conditions for journalists, faceted policy of rapid intervention throughout the the Representative pursued direct contact with the par- OSCE region, already supporting journalists and free- ticipating State and other parties involved, assessed the speech advocates in half of the 56 participating States facts and contributed to the resolution of the situation. during her first nine months in office. Examples include The Representative provided an early-warning func- stepping up to argue on behalf of incarcerated bloggers tion and co-operated closely with the participating and pressing the case for independent newspapers that States, the Permanent Council, the Office for Democrat- are tormented by libel suits filed by government agencies ic Institutions and Human Rights, the High Commis- and officials. sioner on National Minorities and, where appropriate, Interventions on behalf of media ranged from quiet other OSCE entities, as well as national and interna- diplomacy at the ambassadorial and ministerial level to tional media associations. public displays of concern through press statements and speeches when media are physically attacked or ground- lessly incarcerated.

Dunja Mijatovic´, ■■ Main challenges OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media Recognizing the depth and breadth of the challenges of her Office, the Representative has embarked on a vari- Dunja Mijatovic´, as one of the founders of the Communications Regulatory Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1998, helped ety of measures designed to increase the ability of the create a legal and policy framework for media in that complex Representative’s Office to enhance free media and free post-war society. She also was involved in establishing a self- expression across the OSCE region. regulatory Press Council and the first Free Media Helpline in South-Eastern Europe. Violence against media. During a year in which two Mijatovic´ was appointed Chairperson of the European Platform journalists were murdered, another went missing and of Regulatory Authorities, the largest media regulators’ network is feared dead, and dozens more were beaten, harassed in the world, in 2007. She held this post until her appointment as and intimidated, the Representative vigorously spoke the Representative. out against such violence, demanding that government From 2005 to 2007, she chaired the Council of Europe’s Group of Specialists on freedom of expression and information in times officials at all levels act to create conditions in which of crisis. In that role, she was instrumental in steering a declara- journalists can do their jobs without fear of harm. The tion on the protection and promotion of investigative journalism Representative carried this message to all regions of the through the Council’s Committee of Ministers. She also played OSCE and engaged in dialogue with government of- a key role in developing guidelines on protecting freedom of ex- ficials at the highest levels to gain their support for swift pression and information in times of crisis. and effective prosecution of these cases. Mijatovic´ has written extensively on “new media” topics. She also has served as a consultant on projects relating to media Campaign against criminal defamation. The Representa- regulation and new technologies in Europe and the Middle East. tive also vigorously condemned actions taken by gov- She is a graduate of the University of Sarajevo, the University of Bologna and the London School of Economics. ernments to silence dissent. Among these is the use of archaic laws that criminalize free speech.

82 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Representative on Freedom of the Media the of Freedom on I nstitutions Representative In 2010, the Office of the Dunja Mijatovic´, the Representative on Freedom of OSCE Representative the Media sponsored The Legal on Freedom of the Leaks Toolkit, a guide on accessing Media, took office on government-held information 11 March 2010. (OSCE) developed by Access Info Europe and the Network for Reporting on Eastern Europe. Project co-ordinator Viktoria Anderika Cafferena of Access Info Europe (below) speaks A GUIDE FOR JOURNALISTS ON HOW TO ACCESS at the launch of the publication in GOVERNMENT INFORMATION Berlin on World Press Freedom Day on 3 May 2010. (OSCE)

The Representative is pleased to report OSCE website in both English (www.osce. in Vilnius and a Google-sponsored event at that a campaign to end criminal libel in the org/fom/73720.pdf) and Russian (www.osce. the Central European University in Buda- participating States, launched by the Of- org/ru/fom/73721.pdf). pest exploring the future of free expression fice in 2004, has gained momentum. At the online. start of the campaign, there were six OSCE Free expression on the Internet. New media, participating States that had decriminalized including freedom of expression on the In- Legal assistance. The Office continues to pro- libel. Now there are 11: Armenia, Bosnia and ternet, is another main focus of activities. vide participating States with expert legal Herzegovina, Cyprus, Estonia, Georgia, Ire- The Representative embarked on a project analysis of existing and proposed media- land, Moldova, Romania, the United King- to quantify the state of free expression on related legislation. These included: dom, Ukraine, and the United States. Still, the Internet by providing a comprehensive • Armenia: draft laws amending defama- dozens of journalists remain behind bars for matrix on Internet legislation in the OSCE tion legislation and “Addendum to the simply expressing their opinions. Across the region. Preliminary results of the study were Comments on the Amendments to the region, libel laws, both criminal and civil, released in December, and the final report Law of the Republic of Armenia on Broad- are used to punish dissent and restrict the will be completed early in 2011. Among casting and to the Review on the Concept free flow of information. other things, the study will provide an over- Paper on Migrating to Digital Radio and The Representative will continue to make view of existing national legal provisions TV Broadcasting System Made Earlier by this movement a centrepiece of her activities relating to free expression on the Internet, the OSCE FOM Experts”; throughout her term in Office. assess compliance with national Internet • Belarus: “On Measures to Improve the legislation in light of existing media-free- Use of the National Segment of the In- Assistance to governments dealing with dom commitments and establish a compre- ternet” and “Supplementing Guidelines the technological revolution. Recognizing hensive database of the legislation in place to the Presidential Internet Decree” and the opportunities and potential pitfalls as- OSCE-wide. “Commentary on Recent Documents of sociated with the switch from analogue to Along that line, the Office engaged in a the Republic of Belarus Regarding Use of digital terrestrial broadcasting, the Repre- series of projects designed to strengthen the the National Segment of the Internet”; sentative in 2010 provided a comprehensive, right of people to communicate freely using • Hungary: “Analysis and Assessment OSCE-wide analysis of the legal, regulatory new technologies. Those include participa- of a Package of Hungarian Legislation and public-policy considerations to be taken tion in conferences by the Representative and Draft Legislation on Media and into account. The Guide to the Digital Swi- and her staff on Internet-related issues, Telecommunications”; tchover is available in hard copy and on the including the Internet Governance Forum

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 83 Shorena Shaverdashvili, The Representative’s editor-in-chief of Office publishes a liberalli news magazine, variety of instructional speaks at the Seventh materials on topics South Caucasus Media of professional Conference on 12 interest. (OSCE/David November 2010 in Khizanishvili) Tbilisi. (OSCE/David Khizanishvili)

• Kyrgyzstan: “On Establishment of Public September. Twenty journalists from central Television and Radio Broadcasting in and regional newspapers and broadcasters, Kyrgyz Republic”; including those from Gagauzia and Transd- • Moldova: “Proposed Amendments to the niestria, discussed the legal context, profes- Broadcasting Code of the Republic of sional advantages and risks, as well as the Moldova” and the “Draft Law on Freedom sustainability of Internet media. of Expression of Moldova”; and • Turkey: “Regulation of Publications on Regional conferences. The Office continued the Internet and Suppression of Crimes its support for the enhancement of journal- Committed by means of Such Publica- ism standards by hosting regional confer- tion” (widely known as the Internet law of ences in Dushanbe, Tajikistan and Tbilisi, Turkey). Georgia. The two-day conferences brought together more than 150 journalists, media The Representative will continue to offer all experts, government officials, parliamentar- participating States the opportunity to take ians, scholars and civil society representa- advantage of the Office’s expertise on pro- tives from the South Caucasus and Central posed and current media legislation. Asia to discuss issues related to access to information, free flow of information on the Training. Recognizing the duty to help media Internet and regional media developments improve its professional skills, the Office with international media experts. Similar hosted a training seminar in Baku in April conferences are planned and an additional on government-media relations in a demo- conference is anticipated for the Balkans cratic society, which was attended by heads in 2011. of information offices of Government ministries and editors-in-chief of media outlets. The Representative on Freedom of the The Office also co-organized a week-long Media: Dunja Mijatovic´ television training course for cameramen, Budget: €1,392,600 editors and reporters in Tashkent, Uzbeki- www.osce.org/fom stan, in July. The Office organized, in co-operation with the OSCE Mission to Moldova, a seminar on Internet media in Chisinau in

84 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Secretariat

Jamila Seftaoui, OSCE Senior Adviser on Gender Issues, confers with OSCE Secretary General Marc Perrin de Brichambaut during a meeting of the OSCE, the Council of Europe and the United Nations on gender and security, at the Hofburg in Vienna on 14 June 2010. (OSCE/Susanna Lööf)

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 85 Secretariat In 2010, the OSCE Secretariat, led by the Secretary General, continued working to ensure the implementation of relevant OSCE decisions and to support the process of political dialogue and negotiation among the participating States. It provided operational support to participating States through a wide range of mandated activities across all dimensions. It supported all OSCE executive structures in ensuring coherent and co-ordinated action across the Organization. It worked hand-in-hand with the Kazakhstan OSCE Chairmanship to fulfil the Organization’s goals and to maintain consistency and institutional memory. In particular, it supported the Chairmanship in the preparation and conduct of major events, including the Annual Security Review Conference (ASRC), the Informal Ministerial Meeting in Almaty, the three-week Review Conference and finally the OSCE Summit in Astana on 1-2 December 2010 — the first OSCE Summit since 1999. It also supported other OSCE executive structures in order to promote coherent and co-ordinated action across the whole mandate of the Organization.

Throughout the year, the Secretariat contin- international negotiations launched after the interaction with other organizations and in- ued providing support to the Chairmanship August 2008 events. It continued to contrib- stitutions, on the basis of the 1999 Platform in conducting an informal Ambassador- ute to the Geneva Discussions by providing for Co-operative Security. Enhanced inter- level dialogue on current and future chal- support to the Kazakhstan Chairmanship in action of the OSCE with its international lenges to security in the Euro-Atlantic and its work as Co-Chair, on behalf of the OSCE. partners was very much in the focus of dis- Eurasian area, including by providing sub- In addition, in 2010, the OSCE co-moderat- cussions among the participating States in stantive input in the framework of the Corfu ed Working Group II (humanitarian issues). the framework of the Corfu Process and at Process. The OSCE Secretariat and Institu- The Secretariat continued to lend assis- the Review Conference, and the Secretariat tions provided expertise and contributions tance to participating States in a wide range provided its full substantive support to these to this process, mandated by the Athens of thematic areas, focusing on multidimen- deliberations. Ministerial Council, including the prepara- sional responses to security threats and The Secretariat continued to ensure the tion of concept and food-for-thought papers challenges throughout the OSCE region. effective and efficient management of the and other contributions, as requested. Secre- These included projects and other activities Organization’s human and financial retariat units rendered substantive and opera- for the benefit of all participating States in sources, to promote greater strategic and tional assistance to the Kazakhstan Chair- such areas as: impact-oriented planning of activities using manship in the preparation and organiza- • disposal of small arms and light weapons results-based management, and to ensure tion of the Review Conference, in particular and stockpiles of conventional ammuni- the sound implementation of the OSCE reg- the Vienna segment, and in the preparation tion, including the rocket fuel component ulatory framework. In an overall context of for and conduct of the Astana Summit. mélange; declining resources within the Organization The Secretariat continued to provide ro- • improving border security and manage- and challenging external financial and eco- bust administrative and operational support ment, in particular in Central Asia; nomic factors, these efforts are crucial to the to all field operations in order to support • promoting action against terror- Organization’s ability to deliver the results them in the fulfilment of their mandates ism, including through private-public expected by its participating States. and also in relation to the effective and ef- partnerships; More detailed reports on the activities of ficient management of human and financial • police-related activities, including efforts the Secretariat in 2010 are provided in the resources. to fight organized crime and illicit drugs; relevant sections that follow, the structure of The OSCE reacted promptly to politi- • promoting economic and environmental which reflects the composition of the Secre- cal developments in southern Kyrgyzstan co-operation, including on good gover- tariat: Office of the Secretary General, Con- in April and June 2010. Upon the request nance, transport issues and migration flict Prevention Centre, Office of the Co- of the Kyrgyz Republic, the Organization management; ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environ- approved a set of measures aimed at resolv- • fighting against trafficking in human mental Activities, Department of Human ing the crisis, preventing the spillover of beings, including by providing expert Resources and Department of Management tensions in the region and promoting post- support for the prosecution of offenders, and Finance. conflict rehabilitation. The Community protection of victims and prevention of Security Initiative (CSI), developed by the this crime; 2010 Budget: €32,332,300 Secretariat, working closely with the OSCE • advancing gender equality through- Centre in Bishkek, represents a substantial out the Organization’s structure and contribution to the implementation of these programmes. measures and is set to play an important role in assisting the government and people The Secretariat contributed significantly to of Kyrgyzstan. ensuring active dialogue with OSCE Part- Despite the closure of the OSCE field ners for Co-operation, including by orga- operation in Georgia in 2009, the Secre- nizing the major annual conferences with tariat continued to be actively engaged in both groups of Partners, and by enhancing

86 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Secretariat Office of the Secretary General

The Office of the Secretary General includes Executive Management, the Press and Public Information Section, the Section for External Co-operation, Legal Services, the Gender Section, Security Management, the Strategic Police Matters Unit, the Office of the Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings and the Action against Terrorism Unit, as well as the Office of Internal Oversight.

Executive Management Executive Management co-ordinated the Executive Management continued to Secretariat’s efforts in developing the Com- implement its important co-ordination role Executive Management supported the work munity Security Initiative (CSI) concept within the Secretariat, assisting the Secre- of the Secretary General and the Kazakhstan for Kyrgyzstan. It also played a leading role tary General in performing his role as the Chairmanship by providing leadership and in securing the extra-budgetary contribu- Organization’s Chief Administrative Officer. co-ordination to ensure the coherence and tions necessary to fund the CSI project, Apart from ensuring coherence in the work continuity of the Organization’s multi as well as requesting participating States of administrative and programmatic parts faceted and long-term programmatic ac- to second police advisors required for of the Organization, Executive Management tivities. As the main focal point for internal this endeavour. Executive Management in also supported the work of the Organiza- co-ordination and day-to-day co-operation co-operation with CPC regularly updated tion’s internal oversight function and the between the Chairmanship and the participating States on the developments work of the OSCE Audit Committee. Secretariat, Executive Management’s work and achievements of the CSI. Executive has always been heavily influenced by the Management will continue to implement its OSCE’s current agenda, based on tasks set co-ordinating role between the Secretariat, Press and Public by the participating States, major develop- the OSCE Centre in Bishkek and the CSI ments in the OSCE area and the priorities of in order to complete the tasks entrusted by Information Section the Chairmanship. the participating States in accordance with PC.DEC/947. The Astana OSCE Summit preceded by a During 2010, Executive Management en- Executive Management has been the Review Conference, an Informal Ministerial sured proactive and well-co-ordinated sup- Secretariat’s focal point in co-ordinating Meeting in Almaty and the OSCE’s activities port, on the part of the Secretary General, activities conducted by the thematic and in Kyrgyzstan were high on the Organization’s for the efforts of the Kazakhstan Chair- programmatic Units on combating trans- agenda in 2010 and provided the Press and manship in continuing the Corfu Process, national threats and led the process of Public Information Section (PPIS) with an including in the preparation of concept compiling the Secretary General’s First opportunity to draw renewed public atten- papers for relevant thematic meetings, and Overview on the OSCE’s role in addressing tion to the role, functioning and potential in compiling the Chairmanship’s Interim transnational threats (April) and subsequent of the Organization in the present security Report, which summarizes concrete propos- Report on Implementation of the Athens environment. als put forward by the participating States. MC.DEC/02/09 (June). Executive Management delivered support Executive Management continued to sup- OSCE Summit, 1-2 December 2010, Astana. and expert advice to the Chairmanship port the Secretary General in the implemen- The meeting of the leaders of the OSCE and the participating States in negotiat- tation of the 2007 Ministerial Council Deci- participating States, the first in more than ing and drafting of the Permanent Council sion on OSCE engagement with Afghanistan a decade and held upon the initiative of the and Ministerial Council decisions and on (MC.DEC/04/07). This long-term endeavour Kazakhstan Chairmanship, was a land- holding the Review Conference and Astana required effective co-ordination, including mark event of the year. In the run-up to Summit. It provided substantive support to through the ad-hoc Afghanistan Task Force, the Summit, PPIS provided media support the Chairmanship and participating States among various Units of the Secretariat and and set up websites in Russian and English in the preparation of the draft Astana Com- other executive structures in conducting for the three-part Review Conference held memorative Declaration, adopted by the various activities and projects in areas such in Warsaw, Vienna and Astana in autumn Heads of State or Government at the Sum- as strengthening border management be- 2010. Before and during the Summit, PPIS mit in Astana on 2 December 2010. tween the Central Asian participating States organized numerous media briefings and Executive Management, together with and Afghanistan, promoting cross-border individual interviews in Vienna, Astana, the Conflict Prevention Centre (CPC), sup- co-operation and training of Afghan border Paris, London and Moscow with the heads ported the Chairmanship in its role as the guards, police and counter-narcotics officers of OSCE Institutions, the Secretary Gen- Co-Chair of the Geneva Discussions. and customs officials. eral, the Chairperson-in-Office and other

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 87 high-level officials and also prepared opin- Academic events. Think tanks and academia presentation. Prior to the launch, PPIS op- ion pieces and factsheets. PPIS organized a were among the primary target audiences erated the existing public website and the fully equipped press centre in Astana, which of PPIS’s work in 2010, which was a year of re-designed website in parallel. More than drew more than 1,000 journalists, and de- important anniversaries in CSCE/OSCE his- 6,000 content items (web pages, documents, veloped a dedicated multilingual Summit tory. In co-operation with the OSCE Acad- photos and multimedia clips) were added to website in all six official OSCE languages, emy and with the support of the Kazakhstan and updated on the existing website, which featuring live webcasting, videos of over 70 Chairmanship, PPIS organized a one-day reached a global audience of nearly one speeches, photo galleries and background OSCE Talks seminar in Bishkek on 12 Oc- million. articles. This website received more than tober. More than 55 participants, including PPIS also developed an online forum for 40,000 visitors from 120 countries. A special renowned experts, discussed the OSCE an OSCE Mediation Workshop held in Vi- issue of OSCE Magazine, featuring accounts and Central Asia over the last 20 years and enna in December, meant to build a virtual of all past OSCE Summits, was printed in future perspectives of the region. A publica- community of mediation practitioners from the six official OSCE languages and distrib- tion about the event was distributed at the the UN and major regional organizations. uted at the Summit. Astana Summit and sent to think tanks and academics. Follow-up events are planned, Other work during the year included: OSCE’s involvement in Kyrgyzstan. Following including a seminar in Vilnius in 2011. • Providing press releases, opinion pieces, unrest in Kyrgyzstan in April and June, PPIS The inaugural meeting of the Vienna interviews and media opportunities worked to raise awareness about the OSCE’s Experts Roundtable marked the launch of for high-profile OSCE events, includ- efforts to help restore stability. It organized a dialogue between the OSCE, think tanks ing the Informal Ministerial Meeting in media briefings and interviews in Vienna and academia on the role of the OSCE in the Almaty, Kazakhstan, in July, where the and in Bishkek with the Special Envoy of the future of European security. The meeting, Section also organized a press centre Chairperson-in-Office, the Director of the which took place in Vienna on 12-13 De- which drew more than 200 journalists; Conflict Prevention Centre and subsequent- cember 2010 following the Astana Summit, Astana conferences on tolerance and non- ly the Chairperson-in-Office and distributed brought together 16 international experts, discrimination (June) and on countering press releases and statements. A photo gal- representatives of OSCE participating States terrorism (October); an energy security lery and a special section on the situation in and OSCE officials. conference in Vilnius (September); and a Kyrgyzstan were created for the OSCE web- conference on the Copenhagen Document site, and new developments were also fea- Launch of the re-designed public website. in Copenhagen (June). PPIS also provided tured on all OSCE social media platforms. Preparations for the re-designed OSCE media support for the ongoing Geneva With the Centre in Bishkek, PPIS worked on website were completed by the end of 2010 Discussions following the 2008 conflict in increasing awareness of the tripartite media- in time for the 1 January 2011 launch. In Georgia, for the Transdniestrian settle- tion activities involving the United Nations, addition to migrating the existing site to a ment process, as well as for visits by the the European Union and the OSCE, and new platform, new features were developed, OSCE Chairperson. of the matters related to the deployment of including multilingual capability, improved • Publishing four issues of OSCE Maga- OSCE police advisors in Kyrgyzstan. navigation and enhanced multimedia zine, containing features and interviews on topics such as co-operation between Participants in international organizations, human the OSCE Review Conference in Astana rights commitments and confidence- and browse through security-building measures. Printed in OSCE literature on English and Russian, with an average total 26 November 2010. (OSCE/Vladimir print run of 16,500 copies, OSCE Maga- Trofimchuk) zine was distributed to delegations, field operations and more than 5,000 subscribers and was posted on the OSCE public website in English, Russian, German and French. • Organizing a photo contest on tolerance and non-discrimination, initiated and financed by the Chairmanship. In June, the winners travelled to Astana for an award ceremony and a photo exhibition. The photographs by the winners and finalists were also exhibited in Vienna in October, posted on YouTube and used for the OSCE 2011 calendar. • Presenting the OSCE to approximately 80 visitor groups, comprising more than 1,900 visitors from 25 OSCE participating States, Partners for Co-operation and international organizations.

88 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Secretariat • Developing presences on major social with the Chairmanship and the Lithuanian of comprehensive security in the OSCE media sites — YouTube, Facebook and Corfu Co-ordinator, providing them with area, as well as facilitated the exchange of Twitter — as well as on Picasa, a photo- background information and forward-look- OSCE experience with interested regional sharing website. The number of YouTube ing analysis. This included information in organizations outside the OSCE area. The views in 2010 doubled compared with the preparation for the informal Ambassadorial Section actively supported the Chairman- previous year, reaching 60,000. The num- Retreat on 15 May, focusing on enhancing ship in inviting heads of other organiza- ber of OSCE Facebook fans grew by 10 the OSCE’s interaction with other organizations, including the UN Secretary-General, per cent to more than 15,500; and OSCE tions and institutions, on the basis of the as well as heads of the Council of Europe, Twitter followers nearly doubled to 3,000. 1999 Platform for Co-operative Security. the Collective Security Treaty Organization, • Producing the monthly OSCE Highlights The Section also prepared and distributed to the Commonwealth of Independent States, newsletter to provide more than 1,200 participating States two background papers the Organization of American States and journalists and other subscribers with providing an overview of the current status the Organization of the Islamic Conference, targeted information on upcoming events and outcomes of OSCE relations with its to address the OSCE Permanent Council and OSCE work in the field. Asian and Mediterranean Partners for Co- or joint Forum for Security Co-operation/ • Hosting a Public Affairs Roundtable in operation, and of the OSCE’s co-operation Permanent Council meetings. The Head March with participants from OSCE field with other organizations and institutions. of External Co-operation represented the operations and Institutions, during which These papers informed discussions during OSCE at the UN Security Council Debate the main themes of the forthcoming com- the two dedicated sessions of the Vienna Re- with regional organizations held in January munications strategy were discussed. view Conference on 22 October. Moreover, in New York. The Section also supported the the Head of External Co-operation was one participation of the Secretary General at the of the two introductory speakers for the ses- Third Global Forum of the Alliance of Civi- sion on interaction with other international, lizations in Rio de Janeiro in May and at the Section for External regional and sub-regional organizations third Summit of the Conference on Interac- Co-operation and institutions. tion and Confidence Building Measures in In addition to lending its expertise to Asia, in Istanbul in June. participating States in support of their stra- The Section continued to facilitate The Section for External Co-operation in tegic political dialogue leading up to the strengthened dialogue between the Partners the Office of the Secretary General is the Astana Summit, the Section sustained its for Co-operation and the OSCE participat- first point of institutional contact within regular work in maintaining dialogue and ing States, in line with the Madrid Ministe- the Secretariat for the 12 OSCE Asian and fostering co-operation with the Partners for rial Declaration on the OSCE Partners for Mediterranean Partners for Co-operation, Co-operation and with other international, Co-operation (MC.DOC/1/07). Support to and other international, regional and sub- regional and sub-regional organizations the work of the two Contact Groups was regional organizations and institutions. The and institutions. provided throughout the year, as well as to Section takes the lead in providing substan- Two events deserve particular mention. the Troika meetings with the Partners for tive advice and organizational support to The Section assisted in organizing the an- Co-operation during the OSCE Summit the OSCE Chairmanship, the Troika and the nual High-Level Tripartite Meeting between in Astana. Secretary General in maintaining dialogue the United Nations, the Council of Europe The Section organized the two key annual and co-operation with the Partner States and the OSCE on Gender and Compre- events with the Partners for Co-operation: and in the implementation of the modalities hensive Security, which was hosted by the the OSCE-Republic of Korea Conference of co-operation with other organizations OSCE Secretary General in Vienna in June. on OSCE and Asian Partners for Co-opera- and institutions in accordance with the 1999 In December, the Workshop on Preventive tion’s Vision of a Comprehensive Approach Platform for Co-operative Security. In ad- and Quiet Diplomacy, Dialogue Facilitation to Security Issues, held in Seoul in May, and dition, it ensures internal co-ordination on and Mediation was another highlight of the the Mediterranean Conference on the Dia- matters of external co-operation among year, gathering for the first time in Vienna logue on the Future of European Security — Secretariat departments and with the three senior representatives from the UN and a a Mediterranean Perspective, held in Malta OSCE Institutions and provides them with large number of regional organizations from in October. relevant information and assistance. all over the world. The Section provided The External Co-operation Section also conceptual and organizational support prior sustained its role as the Partnership Fund’s In addition to its regular work in 2010, to and during the event and is engaged in a master project manager, liaising with indi- the Section for External Co-operation was comprehensive follow-up to it. vidual project managers and donors. During actively engaged in providing analytical The External Co-operation Section con- the year, the Fund was used to sponsor eight input and substantive expertise to the OSCE tinued to maintain the established regular projects in areas including border manage- Chairmanship, the Troika and participating frameworks for co-operation at the high and ment, anti-terrorism, countering human States for their deliberations in implementa- working level with the UN, the European trafficking, multilateral security in North- tion of the Athens Ministerial Council Deci- Union, NATO and the Council of Europe, east Asia, gender issues, human resources, sion on Furthering the Corfu Process (MC. as stipulated under the 2003 Maastricht elections and engagement with Afghanistan. DEC/1/09), as well as during sessions of the Strategy. It pursued dynamic contacts with a The Fund also provided for increased partic- Review Conference and preparations for the number of other international, regional and ipation of representatives from the Partners Astana Summit. sub-regional organizations, institutions and for Co-operation, in particular Afghanistan, In particular, the Section worked closely initiatives concerned with the promotion in OSCE activities.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 89 Work typically Financial Instructions Gender Section undertaken & Regulations General International ExB Projects by Legal Services 2% Public Law Questions 3%3 The Gender Section supports the promotion (Example from 4% Contractual Administration Matters of gender equality in OSCE executive struc- 3rd Quarter 2010) 4 Regulatory % 24% tures and works towards the integration of Management 6% men’s and women’s perspectives in all dimensions, in particular in the politico-military and Implementing 6% the economic and environmental dimensions.

Miscellaneous 7% 13% The implementation of OSCE commit- Privileges ments to promote gender equality has seen 8% considerable progress during 2010. For the Personnel Matters 13% & Panel of Adjudicators first time in OSCE history the representa-

10% Memoranda Staff Regulations tion of women in management positions has of Understanding reached 30 per cent. In addition, a woman has been hired as head of an Institution for Legal Services Information Disclosure to Third Parties, to- only the second time in OSCE history; field gether with suggestions and guidance for the operations have integrated a gender perspec- In 2010, Legal Services continued to play an reform of the records management frame- tive in an increased number of projects in essential role, supporting the Chairmanship work of the Organization. Legal Services the first and second dimensions; and the in strengthening the international legal made significant contributions with regard Forum for Security Co-operation has suc- status of the Organization. Legal Services to the Staff Regulations and Rules (SRR) and cessfully integrated gender into the OSCE contributed to four informal roundtables their application in personnel matters, in- Plan of Action on Small Arms and Light and several working meetings organized by cluding the OSCE ethics framework as well Weapons (FSC.DEC/0002/10), agreed upon Personal Representative Ida van Veldhuizen- as the Financial Regulations. In addition, during 2010. Rothenbücher on the legal framework of the Legal Services also provided valuable input The Gender Section provided assistance to OSCE. This dialogue amongst the participat- on the revision of P/FAI No. 6 on Procure- a number of OSCE field operations in inte- ing States culminated in discussions during ment and Contracting, as well as the OSCE grating a gender perspective into police pro- the 2010 Astana Summit. Procurement and Contracting Management grammes. For example, it delivered training Manual. Moreover, Legal Services continued for OSCE staff on “Gender issues in the In addition, Legal Services provided the to provide legal opinions on a broad range monitoring of the work of the Kosovo Po- necessary legal expertise on significant proj- of issues and assisted on matters such as lice”. In Armenia, the Section assisted with ects, particularly with respect to: the OSCE’s bilateral agreements with host countries, the development of an action plan with rec- engagement with Afghanistan, such as the privileges and immunities, taxation of local ommendations for the inclusion of gender in training of Afghan police officers in several staff, court requests, interpretations of the the National Police Strategy. Staff from the countries (inter alia, Kazakhstan, Turkey, CRMS and several contractual and project- OSCE Centre in Baku, the Mission to Bosnia Russia) using the “train-the-trainer” format; related matters, as well as providing various and Herzegovina and the Office in Tajiki- the successful outcomes of both Phase III- templates, such as lease agreements, grant stan received direct technical assistance in A and Phase III-B of the mélange disposal agreements and co-operation agreements. order to implement OSCE gender commit- programme in Ukraine, in which more than Legal Services also continued to reach out ments within their field programmes. 5,000 tonnes of Ukraine’s stockpiles of mé- to the wider OSCE community by holding Due to the high demand for practical tools lange (liquid rocket fuel component) were its annual Legal Roundtable, in Vienna on from OSCE staff and partners, the Section safely eliminated; the preparatory phases for 16-17 September. Participants from across developed a CD toolkit Gender matters in the police presence of the OSCE Commu- the Organization discussed a wide range the OSCE. This tool provides an overview nity Security Initiative in Kyrgyzstan; the of topics, including the OSCE legal frame- of key gender concepts, the methodology of operations of the Border Management Staff work, legal aspects of the OSCE financial gender mainstream- College (BMSC); the strengthening of the regulations, contentious personnel matters, ing as well as practi- modalities of the Office of the Co-ordinator data protection, records management and cal examples from of OSCE Economic and Environmental information disclosure, contracting compli- OSCE projects in Activities in its co-operation with other ance with local legislation, risk management the three dimen- international organizations in the Environ- and legal implications and amendments sions. With the ment and Security (ENVSEC) Initiative; and to the SRR. The Legal Services newsletter objective of exchang- the evaluation of the impact of the Austrian continued in 2010 to positive reviews and ing lessons learned social security system, Wiener Gebietskran- remains well-received. Legal Services also and best practices kenkasse (WGKK), on staff members. raised its external profile by participating between field op- In 2010, Legal Services continued to facili- in a conference organized by the Interna- erations, Institutions tate the implementation and improvement tional Institute of Administrative Science, and other partners, of the Common Regulatory Management which was attended by legal advisers from the Section initiated the production of the System framework (CRMS). In particular, the United Nations and other international electronic newsletter The Gender Monitor, it developed a tentative draft instruction on organizations. distributing three issues in 2010.

90 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Secretariat A number of roundtables on gender and Swedish National Defence College and the the UNDSS Policy Department to ensure security were organized in conjunction United Nations, who delivered presentations OSCE Security Management is aware of new with the Forum for Security Co-operation on new global security challenges and the developments in UN security policies and and the Security Committee. The Section new UN security level system, respectively. maintained links with the Threat and Risk has contributed to other meetings of the Participants were also invited to contribute Unit, Critical Incident Stress Management Economic and Environmental Committee, toward the development of an OSCE Secu- Unit and Executive Management. the Prague Economic Forum, the Asian and rity Operations Manual, which is currently Security Management regularly met with Mediterranean Partners and the Human being developed. representatives of law enforcement authori- Dimension Implementation meetings, as ties and other international partner organi- well as to the High-Level Tripartite Meet- In 2010, Security Management: zations both in Vienna and in the countries ing of the United Nations, the Council of • continued to conduct inspections of where the OSCE has field operations for the Europe and the OSCE, dedicated this year to Institutions and field operations to facili- purpose of sharing information on issues of “Gender and Comprehensive Security: Les- tate compliance with security guidance safety and security. sons learned and possibilities for enhanced documents; co-operation”. • provided support to the Office for Demo- www.osce.org/gender cratic Institutions and Human Rights, assisting with a security assessment for the Strategic Police Matters Election Support Mission to Afghanistan; Unit • assisted field operations in the assessment Security Management of potential premises; Effective rule of law through policing is vital • trained field operations security personnel to development and crucial to crisis manage- A key security challenge in 2010 was the and, in particular, co-ordinated external ment and post-conflict rehabilitation. The crisis in Kyrgyzstan and its impact on the training for the Mission in Kosovo on Charter for European Security and various safety and security of staff, premises and First Responder Hostage Negotiation; and OSCE Ministerial and Permanent Council OSCE operations. Security Management • in co-ordination with the Department of decisions reaffirm that effective policing collaborated with the Centre in Bishkek, the Human Resources Training Section, made is essential to sustaining development and Osh Field Office and departments within the recommendations on the selection of par- combating terrorism, transnational organized Secretariat to facilitate appropriate security ticipants for external security training. crime, cybercrime, drug trafficking, sexual guidance to ensure the safety and security of exploitation of children and trafficking in hu- OSCE national and international staff. This Security Management also: man beings. The Strategic Police Matters Unit included two security missions to Kyrgyzstan. • regularly issued hazard-pay recommenda- (SPMU) therefore continued in 2010 to assist The Secretariat Crisis Management Team and tions; and participating States and OSCE field operations Kyrgyzstan Task Force met on numerous occa- • participated in other meetings where safe- in facilitating OSCE police-related activities, sions, beginning in April and continuing until ty and security issues were on the agenda developing capacity-building programmes, the end of 2010, dealing predominately with (Afghanistan and air traffic discontinua- providing training and expert advice and en- this issue. Security Management input was tion due to volcanic activity in Iceland). hancing regional police co-operation. also provided on the establishment, selection and recruitment of Field Security Officers Security Management further strengthened SPMU devoted significant energy to the for the Centre in Bishkek and the Centre its collaboration with the UN Department production of the analytical report Further in Bishkek/Strategic Police Matters Unit of Safety and Security (UNDSS) in New Enhancing OSCE Police-Related Activities. Community Security Initiative. York. In doing so, Security Management has This document provided forward-looking secured legal agreement for the use of UN perspectives and strategic recommendations Security Management continued its practice security training CD-ROM programmes by and was further discussed at the 2010 An- of delivering presentations on the OSCE all OSCE personnel, established contact with nual Police Experts Meeting (20-21 May) Security Management System for new OSCE staff members at the General Orientation Programme and provided individual briefings to staff and mission members with security responsibilities. Participants at the Regional Heads-of-Mission meetings were updated on safety and security issues and on new security developments in the OSCE. Afghan police officers Security Management provided field opera- and trainers at a tions with on-the-ground training on the two-week counter- narcotics training theoretical and practical applications of course supported vehicle searching and dealing with mines by the Strategic and improvised explosive devices. Police Matters The Seventh Annual Meeting of OSCE Se- Unit, in Almaty in November 2010. curity Officials, held in Vienna on 11-12 No- (OSCE/Djangabayev vember, welcomed guest speakers from the Abdraman)

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 91 Maria Grazia and the Annual Security Review Conference Giammarinaro (14-15 June) in Vienna. (right), OSCE Special SPMU also produced and distributed Representative and Co- ordinator for Combating regular annual reports on OSCE policing Trafficking in Human activities and efforts in combating organized Beings, and Belgian crime, based on information gathered from filmmaker Jorge Leon the OSCE executive structures. at a press briefing on domestic servitude, in Vienna on 18 June 2010. New publications. Improving relations be- (OSCE/Sarah Crozier) tween the police and Roma and Sinti communities was the focus of Good Practices in Building Trust and Understanding, a guidebook published by SPMU in co-operation with the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights Contact Point for Roma and Sinti Issues. focused on managerial and organizational Office of the Special The SPMU, aware of the benefits of us- issues in the context of democratic police ing community policing as a tool to prevent reform. Representative and crime and to identify victims of trafficking SPMU supported OSCE field operations in human beings, began research and expert in conducting training on combating traf- Co-ordinator for discussions to prepare a guidebook on this ficking in human beings and implementing Combating Trafficking issue. An expert meeting aimed at review- community policing projects at the OSCE ing the draft guidebook was organized in offices in Baku, Minsk and Ukraine, and in Human Beings Vienna on 19 November. in facilitating police training activities at the OSCE Centre in Ashgabat. In addition, Maria Grazia Giammarinaro took office Pragmatic labours towards OSCE policing SPMU organized the regular meetings in as OSCE Special Representative and Co- efforts. SPMU continued to raise awareness, Vienna of the heads of the OSCE law en- ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human build capacity and provide training as part forcement departments (18-19 May and 12- Beings in March 2010. Since then, the Special of its efforts to combat organized crime, 13 October), where issues of mutual support Representative has actively raised the politi- trafficking of illicit drugs, trafficking in- hu were discussed. cal profile of the fight against trafficking in man beings and cybercrime while promot- human beings, calling for a new perception ing the relevant international conventions. Additional efforts of SPMU. Following civil- of this complex issue; built upon the cross- Activities included: ian unrest and ethnic clashes in Kyrgyzstan dimensional nature of the mandate, strength- • A conference on “Combating the threat of in April and June, SPMU assisted in the ening both internal co-ordination and exter- illicit drugs and strengthening control of co-ordination of OSCE support to that nal co-operation; and developed strategic precursor chemicals” (Vienna, 8-9 July); country. The Community Security Initiative relations with a variety of civil society actors • A Central Asia regional workshop on “In- (formerly called the Police Advisory Group), to better prevent and combat trafficking in ternational criminal co-operation in rela- an international team of 30 police officers, human beings. tion to the tracing and seizure of criminal would be dispatched mainly to the south of assets” (Almaty, 20-22 July); the country as part of efforts to build trust Building on the strong evidence that traf- • A regional high-level expert workshop on and facilitate police-community relations. ficking in human beings is not a marginal “Comprehensive co-operation in synthetic Subsequent to a request by Belarus, the phenomenon, especially concerning labour drug supply reduction in the Baltic re- Secretary General asked SPMU to review exploitation, the Special Representative gion” (Vilnius, 20-21 October); and case material related to the death of a jour- recognized trafficking as modern-day • A regional training course on cybercrime nalist in Minsk. Two forensic experts were slavery on a massive scale and a serious investigation for police investigators (Bel- dispatched to the country from 25 to 29 transnational threat to security. Throughout grade, 1-19 November). October, completing their evaluation in the year, the Special Representative called SPMU also increased its assistance to the November. for improved implementation of the OSCE Afghan National Police by organizing five anti-trafficking commitments, including the training courses in Domodedovo, Dushanbe POLIS system review. SPMU carried out an OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking and Almaty, during which 60 Afghan police in-depth updating of the Policing OnLine in Human Beings, national legislation and officers participated in training programmes Information System (POLIS), which was anti-trafficking policies. Moreover, she -ad specifically tailored to their needs. launched in 2006. POLIS includes a digital vocated for national machineries established The principles of democratic policing library containing more than 1,100 docu- during the past decade to work more effec- identified in SPMU’s widely disseminated ments, and a database incorporating 441 tively and on a much larger scale. Guidebook on Democratic Policing and Good available police experts. Most of the mate- The actions of the Special Representative Practices in Building Police-Public Partner- rial, including the publications and reports remained firmly rooted in a human rights ships were further promoted at a regional mentioned above, can be downloaded at approach. The Special Representative priori- workshop on democratic policing, in Saraje- www.polis.osce.org. tized prevention, calling for more extensive vo (30 September–1 October). The workshop research, more targeted and innovative

92 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Secretariat awareness raising, and enhanced child pro- agencies, the International Organization Action against Terrorism tection and gender-sensitive policies, as well for Migration, the European Union, the CIS as the social inclusion and empowerment of Executive Committee and other organiza- Unit trafficked persons. One notable instance of tions. Relations with the Council of Europe such advocacy was manifest at the launch of and its independent monitoring mecha- In 2010 the Action against Terrorism Unit the United Nations Global Plan of Action to nism, GRETA, were raised to a new level of (ATU) continued to address a wide range of Combat Trafficking in Persons (31 August), collaboration. terrorist threats. The Unit responded to re- when the Special Representative addressed The Special Representative convened a quests from the Chairmanship, participating the UN General Assembly. high-level Alliance against Trafficking in States and the Secretary General, covering Determined to build upon the cross- Persons conference in Vienna (17-18 June) issues such as travel document security, criti- dimensional nature of the mandate, the focusing on trafficking for the purpose of cal energy infrastructure protection, public- Special Representative explored further op- domestic servitude, which contributed to private partnerships (PPP) in countering ter- portunities to strengthen OSCE action. The inform the fourth Occasional Paper entitled rorism, the international legal anti-terrorism Special Representative convened a one-day Unprotected Work, Invisible Exploitation: framework and cyber security. co-ordination meeting with Anti-Trafficking Trafficking for the Purpose of Domestic Ser- Focal Points from the OSCE structures, vitude. More than 250 participants attended The ATU organized, supported or otherwise Institutions and field operations to assess the conference, which opened with a photo facilitated 30 capacity-building activities at the current state of action across the OSCE exhibition, Eslavage domestique, followed by the OSCE-wide, regional and national levels. region, and to share lessons learned and a screening of Vous êtes servis, a documen- In doing so the Unit co-operated with all good practices in addressing trafficking for tary film on the hardships experienced by pertinent United Nations structures, inter- labour exploitation and in preventing all migrant domestic workers. national, regional and sub-regional organi- forms of trafficking in human beings. Calling on participating States to take zations and specialized agencies to support In co-operation with the Office for Demo- action to forge their cultural, social, politi- and promote their counter-terrorism related cratic Institutions and Human Rights and cal and legislative environments for a new activities, share experiences and best prac- relevant field operations, the Special Repre- understanding of trafficking in human tices, as well as facilitate contacts among sentative convened a one-day regional meet- beings as modern-day slavery, the Special national authorities and international ex- ing of national anti-trafficking co-ordinators Representative conducted consultations with perts. Whenever appropriate, the Unit en- on the prevention of trafficking for labour high-level officials in the course of country gaged with the business sector, civil society exploitation. Officials from 13 countries -at visits and other events, as well as meetings and the media. tended the Vienna meeting on 29 October, with civil society organizations. These meet- The main focus throughout the year was focusing discussion on challenges in preven- ings have paved the way forward for more on implementing relevant tasks from previ- tion, protection and prosecution, as well concerted efforts to prevent and combat traf- ous Ministerial Councils. Concretely, the as access to justice and compensation for ficking in human beings in 2011. Unit organised four major counter-terrorism trafficked persons. events: With the Strategic Police Matters Unit, the Special Representative: Maria Grazia • A public-private expert workshop on Office of the Special Representative deliv- Giammarinaro “Protecting non-nuclear critical energy ered numerous training programmes for law www.osce.org/cthb infrastructures from terrorist attacks”. enforcement, judiciary and border-related The event, organized by the ATU in agencies across the OSCE region. With the co-operation with two American non- Office of the Co-ordinator for Economic and governmental organizations, gathered 200 Environmental Activities, co-operation was participants from 50 countries for the first further developed in the fields of gender- ever table-top simulation on the issue. sensitive labour migration, corruption, and • A workshop on the “2005 Universal Le- money laundering and trafficking in human gal Instruments against terrorism and beings. the implementation of their provision in The Special Representative paid increased national legislation”. For the first time, attention to strengthening partnerships with international organizations, both at A joint OSCE/UNODC- WCO team assesses the bilateral level and in the framework security at the of the Alliance against Trafficking in Per- Georgian port of Poti sons. Throughout the year, the Office of on 19 May 2010. The the Special Representative also enhanced three organizations are assisting in the co-operation within the UN.GIFT Steering establishment of Joint Committee and contributed to numerous Port Control Units UN.GIFT activities, including the pub- in Georgia’s main lication of Analysing the Business Model commercial seaports and dry container of Trafficking in Human Beings to Better ports. (OSCE/Mehdi Prevent the Crime, a report based on innova- Knani) tive research. Significant steps were taken to develop further co-operation with UN

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 93 The Office of Internal representatives from 53 States received Oversight has practical legislative drafting advice on recommended a broad implementation of these universal trea- review of the OSCE’s records- and document- ties, thus facilitating their ratification. management system. • An OSCE workshop on “Promoting the ICAO Public Key Directory (PKD)”. This was the first regional workshop highlighting the technical, operational and administrative elements related to the PKD, resulting in the development of a national training package as part of efforts to increase the number of PKD participants in the OSCE area. • An expert conference on “Successful OSCE-wide functional areas: the budget pro- projects of a similar nature. The 2009 hori- strategies, effective policies and best cess, travel management and training. zontal evaluation of police training activities practices to prevent terrorism”, organized fed into a number of high-level policy and in co-operation with the 2010 OSCE The work of the Office of Internal Oversight planning documents in 2010, including the Chairmanship, represents the highlight encompasses three distinct functions: inter- Report by the Secretary General on Police-Re- of ATU’s activities in 2010. In the run- nal audit, evaluation and investigation. OIO lated Activities of the OSCE Executive Struc- up to the OSCE Summit, the conference made every effort in 2010 to continue to pro- tures up to the End of 2009 (SEC.GAL/62/10, resulted in a Chairmanship Declaration fessionalize all three functions, serving as issued on 31 March 2010). that highlighted ideas, proposals and rec- an independent and objective reviewer and In the spirit of sharing best practices and ommendations to enhance participating evaluator of the OSCE regulatory frame- lessons learned, OIO was invited in 2010 by States’ capacity to prevent terrorism (CIO. work, operations and activities, and inves- a partner organization, the Council of Eu- GAL/174/10). tigating allegations involving waste, fraud, rope, to share its experience in strengthen- Another important outcome of the Unit’s mismanagement or other impropriety. In ing the evaluation function in the context of work was the conclusion of an ATU/INTER- addition, OIO continued to provide advisory the Council’s reform process. POL project in Moldova, which equipped 16 services in response to formal and informal OIO conducted investigations into vari- border-crossing points and ten regional and requests from managers throughout the ous matters. Four in-depth investigations local police stations with real-time access to Organization. were concluded and the recommendations INTERPOL databases. In the course of the year, OIO conducted accepted in full. A fifth investigation is -un Throughout the year, the ATU also pro- six audits of field operations in South-East- derway. In addition, the OIO investigator vided expertise and substantive input to ern Europe, the South Caucasus and Central undertook a proactive assessment of fuel a number of political documents, most Asia. In one audit, OIO reviewed the ar- management in conjunction with an audit at notably to the sections on terrorism and on chiving function and recommended a broad one field operation. The investigator has also cyber security of the Report by the OSCE review of the OSCE-wide records and docu- worked on a separately constituted investi- Secretary General on the Implementation of ment management system (see illustration). gative panel at the request of the Secretary MC.DEC/2/09 on Further OSCE Efforts to In addition, the Office carried out audits of General. OIO also entered into an innova- Address Transnational Threats and Chal- IT governance and IT security. tive co-operation agreement with the United lenges to Security and Stability. Internal audits routinely monitored Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) on the In the meantime, the ATU continued to compliance with the regulatory framework, exchange of investigation staff at peak peri- work on other, ongoing portfolios in ac- providing assurance on the adequacy of ods with a view to sharing best practices and cordance with existing mandates previously internal controls and assisting managers in methodologies. adopted by OSCE participating States. the achievement of their objectives. In recent The Office’s oversight work in 2010 re- www.osce.org/atu years, however, with the consolidation of a sulted in the formulation of approximately full-fledged Common Regulatory Manage- 200 recommendations. OIO also followed up ment System, internal audit has increasingly on previous years’ audit recommendations focused on programme and project plan- to ensure that management had addressed ning, implementing and monitoring. In its them effectively. The high acceptance and Office of Internal 2010 audits, OIO observed that progress implementation rate of recommendations Oversight had been made in the proper planning and was indicative of good co-operation with the monitoring of implementation, although audited entities. The Office of Internal Oversight (OIO) con- it will take time for the self-evaluation of The OSCE Audit Committee continued ducted an in-depth evaluation of the OSCE’s project management to become anchored in to closely scrutinize OIO’s work. OIO and secondment system with a view to identify- OSCE practice. the External Auditor held regular meetings ing ways and means of strengthening its The Office conducted an evaluation of a in 2010 to co-ordinate planning and discuss effectiveness. The evaluation assisted the major programme on legislative strengthen- possible areas for synergy. OIO routinely Secretary General in making proposals to ing at the Mission to Bosnia and Herzegov- provides the External Auditor with copies of the participating States in that respect. The ina and formulated recommendations for its audit and evaluation reports. Office carried out horizontal audits of three OSCE-wide application in programmes and

94 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Secretariat Conflict Prevention Centre

The work of the Conflict Prevention Centre (CPC) focuses on early warning, conflict prevention, crisis management and post-conflict rehabilitation. In 2010, the CPC provided policy support and assisted in the operational planning of enhanced OSCE activities to address the crisis in Kyrgyzstan. The CPC also contributed to overall OSCE efforts to move the Transdniestrian conflict settlement process forward and supported the Geneva Discussions in the wake of the conflict in Georgia. The CPC prepared, participated in and provided follow-up to visits by the Chairmanship to South-Eastern Europe, Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus, as well as a trip by OSCE ambassadors to South-Eastern Europe. Other priorities included analytical support on conflict cycle issues in the framework of the Corfu Process and the OSCE Review Conference, as well as assistance to borders- and customs-related projects, particularly in Central Asia, including the OSCE Border Management Staff College in Dushanbe. The CPC continued to support the work of the Forum for Security Co-operation (FSC), including its preparations for the OSCE Summit in Astana. A number of projects related to small arms and light weapons (SALW) and conventional ammunition (CA), including the initial disposal phase of the largest-ever OSCE project managed by the CPC to dispose of stockpiles of the highly toxic rocket fuel mélange in Ukraine, were successfully completed. Furthermore, the CPC continued to be the Organization’s central reference on programme and project management issues, from planning to self-evaluation.

■■ Policy Support Service meetings in Vienna of all the key actors in this process. The Desk assisted the Office in Minsk in helping the The Policy Support Service assisted the Chairmanship, host country fulfill its OSCE commitments in all man- the Secretary General and other high-level officials to date-related issues and helped co-ordinate the deploy- ensure the Organization’s appropriate responses to politi- ment of two forensic experts to Minsk to review case cal developments in the OSCE area with a view to reduc- material related to the death of a Belarusian journalist. ing the risk of conflict. It co-ordinated the activities of the The Desk supported the work of the Project Co-ordina- OSCE’s field operations and assisted in the implementa- tor in Ukraine in meeting requests from Government tion of their mandates. authorities and other relevant partners for projects. In addition, the Desk assisted in the preparation of and TheSouth-Eastern Europe Desk advised and assisted the took part in numerous visits to the region, including Chairmanship in maintaining an effective and tailored those of the Chairperson, his Special Representative for OSCE engagement in the region and ensured overall Protracted Conflicts and the Secretary General. co-ordination of the work of OSCE field operations in South-Eastern Europe, which have contributed to de- TheCaucasus Desk continued to support field opera- veloping a positive dynamic in regional co-operation tions in their activities aimed at assisting the host and implementation of OSCE commitments. The Desk countries in fulfilling their OSCE commitments. It supported the Mission in Kosovo in adapting its pro- also supported the Personal Representative of the grammatic activities and performing an increasingly Chairperson-in-Office on the conflict dealt with by the important role on the ground, following the success- Minsk Conference in his activities related to the settle- ful reconfiguration of the United Nations presence. It ment process of the conflict in and around Nagorno- also provided substantive and organizational support Karabakh. The Desk continued to be closely involved for an OSCE ambassadorial visit to Zagreb, Belgrade in the preparations and conduct of the Geneva Discus- and Sarajevo in May and contributed to the prepara- sions and participated in the meetings of the Dvani/ tion, conduct and follow-up of Chairmanship visits to Ergneti Incident Prevention and Response Mechanism. the region. It also contributed to the elaboration of six confidence- building water-related projects. TheEastern Europe Desk contributed to overall OSCE The Desk accompanied and provided support to the efforts to advance the Transdniestrian settlement pro- Special Representative of the Chairperson during regu- cess. It continued to support the ongoing work of the lar visits of the Co-Chairs of the Geneva Discussions to mediators and observers and facilitated a number of Tbilisi, Tskhinvali and Sukhumi.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 95 Project Management Ambassador Ivar Vikki, Tajikistan border in the OSCE, published Head of the OSCE guards in a field in 2010, serves as Office in Tajikistan classroom that is the main reference (foreground, right), part of the Office point on project confers with Tajik in Tajikistan’s OSCE management for all Customs officials Patrol Planning and executive structures regarding the OSCE Leadership Project across the OSCE. Customs Assistance on 17 August 2010. Project in the Pamir (OSCE/Alexander Mountains region near Pozhidaev) Murghab on 20 July 2010. (OSCE/Rudolphe Oberle)

TheCentral Asia Desk supported the work continued to serve as the main point of refer- proposals developed by field operations and of the Chairmanship’s Special Representa- ence for project, programme and fund man- by the units of the Secretariat, the Unit has tive for Kyrgyzstan, in partnership with agers working to strategically plan, develop, co-ordinated the assessment of 104 propos- the United Nations and European Union implement and evaluate their work more als in 2010, with a value in excess of €38 mil- Special Representatives, to help the country efficiently and more effectively. lion. With the view to continue providing resolve the April and June crises. It also effective support to project managers in the worked with the Centre in Bishkek, the CPC In 2010, a major achievement for the Unit process of identification and development Operations Service and the Strategic Police was the publication of the OSCE Project of eligible proposals, the Unit started work- Matters Unit to develop the Community Management Manual, which serves as the ing in closer co-operation with some of the Security Initiative (formerly called the Po- main reference point on project manage- Organization’s main donors and the relevant lice Advisory Group). The Desk assisted the ment for all executive structures across the technical units in 2010. OSCE Office in Tajikistan and the Govern- Organization. The responses of the field ment of Tajikistan in convening the fourth operations, Institutions and the units of the ■■ Operations Service annual joint OSCE-Tajikistan Task Force Secretariat as well as external counterparts Operational planning and analysis. The Plan- Meeting in Dushanbe in March to discuss (such as the Organisation for Economic Co- ning and Analysis Team assisted in the common goals and supported several trips operation and Development and the Council planning and implementation of the OSCE to the region by the OSCE Chairperson, the of Europe) have been extremely positive and Police Advisory Group to Kyrgyzstan in Secretary General and the Director of the rewarding. The manual is now forming the relation to PC.DEC/947 and the subsequent Conflict Prevention Centre. It continued basis of the tailor-made support provided Community Security Initiative in Kyrgyz- actively supporting the implementation the by the Unit to executive structures. The as- stan in relation to PC.DEC/961. 2007 Ministerial Council Decision on OSCE pects related to self-evaluation, in particular, It also continued implementing its sys- Engagement with Afghanistan (MC/04/07). seemed to have filled a long-enduring gap in tematic approach to learning from past It also delivered lectures to students at the the Organization’s work and to have provid- activities by co-ordinating the debriefing OSCE Academy in Bishkek and to students ed hands-on, ready-to-use support to project process of outgoing OSCE Chairmanships involved in the Central Asia Youth Network. and programme managers. On-site support and senior officials from field operations. On to executive structures, participation in the basis of those lessons identified by field ■■ The Programming and Evaluation coaching and training events and ongoing operations, it continued to prepare recom- Support Unit long-distance contact with counterparts mendations to enhance the OSCE’s effective- have allowed the Unit to contribute to the ness. Operational guidelines on the closure The Unit focused on ensuring the quality, process of sharing best practices and lessons or restructuring of an OSCE field operation coherence and sound management of projects learned across the Organization. were also completed, as was the handbook and programmes across the Organization. It With reference to extra-budgetary project Operational Guidelines for Working in a

96 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Secretariat Potentially Hazardous Environment, which Management National Focal Point (NFP) the reference guide for the Code of Conduct was distributed to all OSCE staff working in Network. It advocated for the appointment questionnaire. In Kazakhstan, the Section the field. of NFPs, published the Network’s regular contributed to a regional seminar on the Furthermore, the Planning and Analysis newsletter and conducted a survey, through Vienna Document 1999, organized together Team continued offering analytical support the NFP web platform, on the functioning with Kazakhstan’s Verification Centre and to the Corfu Process and the 2010 OSCE and future development of the Network. The the OSCE Office in Astana. Its purpose was Review Conference. Moreover, it provided Network, which now includes NFPs from 41 to train military officials from Central Asia support to the Chairmanship in the organi- OSCE participating States, held its Annual and the South Caucasus in how to organize zation of the 2010 Annual Security Review Meeting in Vienna. It was organized by the evaluation visits to military facilities. Conference and assisted the Permanent Borders Team and provided participants The Section actively supported participat- Council’s Security Committee on organiza- an opportunity to discuss joint activities ing States in the development of the OSCE tional and content-related matters. and mechanisms to intensify information Plan of Action on Small Arms and Light To help enhance the early warning, con- exchange. Weapons, adopted by the FSC. The Section flict prevention and crisis management The Borders Team also supported the Bor- also prepared the OSCE Report to the Fourth capacity of the OSCE, it continued provid- der Management Staff College (BMSC) in Biennial Meeting of States (BMS4) on the ing analytical support and advice to the Dushanbe, which in 2010 conducted 11 sem- Implementation of the UN Programme of Secretariat’s senior management, the Chair- inars, as well as its first Staff Course, gather- Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the manship and participating States, including ing 257 border officials from 19 participating Illicit Trade in SALW in All Its Aspects on a Secretariat workshop on mediation and States and Partners for Co-operation. The the regional efforts to combat illicit SALW mediation-support with other regional orga- BMSC, in consultation with relevant inter- at the global level. Together with the OSCE nizations. An event focusing on reconstruc- national organizations and national training Centre in Astana, the Section also organized tion and peace-building will be held in 2011. institutions, completed its core curriculum a regional follow-up meeting in Kazakhstan and delivered the Staff Course in November- on combating illicit trafficking of SALW in 24-hours-a-day/7-days-a-week operational December 2010. Central Asia. link. Through its Situation/Communication Furthermore, the Borders Team, in line Six assistance projects were successfully Room, the Service continued to provide an with MC.DEC/4/07 on OSCE engagement completed. The Section finalized the initial around-the-clock operational link and point with Afghanistan, promoted the participa- disposal phase of a project to remove all of contact among OSCE structures, especial- tion of Afghan border officials in OSCE stockpiles of the toxic rocket fuel mélange ly outside working hours. It provided real- project activities in Central Asia and in the (more than 3,000 tonnes) from two western time reporting on the OSCE area via text BMSC in Dushanbe. It also supported op- Ukrainian regions. In Albania, an OSCE ini- messages and e-mail, with a particular focus erational activities to strengthen the border tiative substantially increased the country’s on emerging crisis situations. Breaking-news between Central Asian participating States capacity to destroy surplus ammunition. An reports in Central Asia and the Caucasus and Afghanistan and encouraged cross-bor- OSCE-assisted project to eliminate all re- this year, for example, enabled senior man- der co-operation and joint patrolling efforts. maining cluster munitions helped Moldova agement to take appropriate decisions as fully comply with its commitments under situations unfolded. The Situation Room ■■ FSC Support Section the Convention on Cluster Munitions. The continued to produce daily briefings, special In 2010, the Section continued to support first phase of joint OSCE-United Nations briefings, weekly regional summaries and the FSC in its activities. The Section moni- Development Programme projects in the calendars of upcoming events. It also pro- tored the implementation of confidence- and area of SALW stockpile management and se- vided operational assistance for emergencies security-building measures (CSBMs), pub- curity and conventional ammunition demili- in the field, such as security incidents and lished monthly and quarterly reports and tarization, conducted respectively in Belarus medical evacuations. supported FSC negotiations on the update of and in Montenegro, was also finalized. the Vienna Document 1999. It also facilitat- The OSCE Communication Network, Border security and management. The Bor- ed discussion at the Annual Implementation which connects 51 of the 56 participating ders Team continued to support the imple- Assessment Meeting (AIAM) by publishing States, as well as CPC and NATO, contin- mentation of the OSCE Border Security and a Summary Report on Recent Trends in the ues to facilitate the exchange of important Management Concept, in close co-operation Implementation of the Vienna Document information to further openness and with field operations and national border/ 1999 and Other Measures Addressed dur- transparency in military affairs. The FSC customs agencies across the OSCE area. ing the AIAM. The Section also chaired the Support Section maintains the system, and While the geographic focus remained on fourth Meeting of the Heads of Verification the custom software used to generate treaty major capacity-building initiatives target- Centres, where views on the practical imple- notifications. In 2010, the central hardware ing border guards and customs officers in mentation of the Vienna Document 1999 was upgraded to ensure continued high reli- Central Asia, engagement with border agen- were exchanged. ability, and the software was also improved. cies from other regions also continued, e.g., Together with the OSCE Office in Minsk, The network made possible the exchange of through the signing of a Memorandum of the Section organized a regional seminar approximately 270,000 messages between Understanding with the State Border Com- on the Implementation of the OSCE Code participating States this year, while main- mittee of Belarus, which foresees capacity- of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of taining an availability of over 99.9%. The building efforts in five key areas. Security in Eastern Europe. With the sup- Section also continued to chair the OSCE The Borders Team further maintained and port of six participating States, the Section Communications Group, which provides developed the OSCE Border Security and accomplished an academic study to improve valuable oversight by and for delegations.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 97 Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities

The year 2010 marks the 20th anniversary of the OSCE’s Bonn Document on Economic Co-operation. Adopted in 1990, “at a time of profound and rapid change”, the Bonn Document is one of the milestone CSCE/OSCE documents in the economic and environmental dimension (EED). Economic and environmental co-operation have remained critical aspects of stability and security in the OSCE region. On this background, the year 2010 saw intensified political dialogue among participating States on EED issues, conducted, inter alia, in the framework of the Economic and Environmental Committee, in follow-up to the 2009 Athens Ministerial Council Decision on the future orientation of the EED (MC.DEC/4/09), as well as within the Corfu Process. The Vienna segment of the Review Conference convened ahead of the Astana Summit also featured a session entitled “From Bonn to Maastricht and beyond: Adapting the OSCE economic and environmental dimension to changing challenges”.

■■ Economic and Environmental Forum ■■ Good governance The OCEEA furthered its involvement in transport- In 2010 the OCEEA saw a strong renewed interest in related activities and provided support to the Chair- promoting good governance and transparency, fighting manship throughout the entire 18th Economic and corruption and combating money laundering and the Environmental Forum process on “Promoting good financing of terrorism, as expressed in the Corfu Process governance at border crossings, improving the security and the Vienna segment of the Review Conference. of land transportation and facilitating international The OCEEA’s activities in the area of good gover- transport by road and rail in the OSCE region”. The Fo- nance and anti-corruption were aimed at strengthening rum addressed issues such as challenges in the transport good public governance, promoting transparency and sector due to the global economic downturn, promoting improved management of public resources and fight- transparency and improving governance at border crossing corruption. The OCEEA continued its co-operation ings, facilitating transport connections in Central Asia with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and with Afghanistan, increasing the security of land (UNODC) to promote the implementation of the UN transportation and promoting environmentally sustain- Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) and ac- able transportation choices. The follow-up to the Forum tively supported the work related to the new Review is already ongoing. Mechanism of the UNCAC. To further strengthen its anti-corruption activities, the OCEEA established a ■■ Energy security new working relationship with the European Commis- Following the Athens Ministerial Council Decision on sion’s Eastern Partnership (EaP) Platform I Panel on strengthening dialogue and co-operation on energy Fight Against Corruption. The OCEEA also supported security in the OSCE area (MC.DEC/6/09), an OSCE exchange of information and best practices in local good Special Expert Meeting on Assessing the OSCE’s Future governance as important factors of sustainable economic Contribution to International Energy Security Co- development by co-organizing, with the Council of operation was organized in Vilnius (13-14 September). Europe and the UN Development Programme (UNDP), It provided substantial input to the Report of the OSCE a cross-regional Conference on Inter-Municipal Co- Secretary General concerning the complementary role of operation in Dubrovnik (23-24 September). the OSCE in the field of energy security (RC.GAL/21/10). In the area of anti-money-laundering and counter- Energy security will remain a constant focus for the ing the financing of terrorism, the OCEEA continued OCEEA. The OSCE can, taking into account the in- to support activities that assist participating States in terests of all concerned, contribute to advocating good implementing the main international instruments, in public and corporate governance, market transparency particular the 40 + 9 Recommendations of the Financial and regional co-operation in the energy sector. It can Action Task Force (FATF) and the UN Convention for also support the exchange of best practices and facilitate the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism. capacity-building in the areas related to energy security and promote sustainable energy solutions, including ■■ Migration management energy efficiency, energy savings and the development of The OCEEA undertook a number of activities in 2010 and investment in renewable sources of energy. to promote a comprehensive approach to migration

98 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Secretariat The 18th Economic Delegates of an OSCE- and Environmental UNECE inter-regional Forum was held in workshop during a Prague on 24-26 May visit to Turkmenbashi 2010. (OSCE/Lubomir Port on 8 December Kotek) 2010. (OSCE)

management in line with the Athens Minis- Democratic Institutions and Human Rights transparency, fairness and democracy in terial Council Decision on Migration Man- (ODIHR). environmental decision-making. Within agement (MC.DEC/5/09). To facilitate evidence-based decision- this framework, the Aarhus Centres Initia- On 19 May, the Review Report on making on migration, the OCEEA, together tive has been expanded to include 30 Aarhus Strengthening Migration Governance, pre- with the IOM, the ILO and the UN Eco- Centres in nine countries. pared by the International Labour Organiza- nomic Commission for Europe (UNECE), The OCEEA, in partnership with the tion (ILO) in co-operation with the OCEEA, launched a new project, Harmonised Mi- OSCE Offices in Baku and Yerevan, con- was officially launched in Vienna and dis- gration Data Collection as Sound Basis for tinued to support implementation of the tributed to all OSCE delegations. The report Policy Making, which will assess the gather- Civic Action for Security and Environment reviews the OSCE commitments related to ing of migration statistics in Tajikistan, Ka- (CASE) initiative, a small-grants programme migration, particularly work done to estab- zakhstan and Kyrgyzstan in 2011. for civil society organizations to enhance lish and strengthen governance of migration their capacities for addressing environmen- across the OSCE region. ■■ Environment and security tal and security challenges, in Armenia and In line with the Athens Ministerial Coun- The OCEEA continued its involvement in Azerbaijan. In 2010, the CASE programme cil Decision to provide advice, training and the Environment and Security (ENVSEC) was extended to Tajikistan in co-operation exchange of good practices (MC.DEC/5/09), Initiative, promoting transboundary co- with the OSCE Office in Tajikistan. the OCEEA produced, together with the operation on environmental and security is- The OCEEA launched a research proj- International Organization for Migration sues in Central Asia, South-Eastern Europe, ect on the security implications of climate (IOM), a comprehensive and a first of its the South Caucasus and Eastern Europe. In change in the OSCE region during the an- kind Trainer’s Manual on Labour Migration 2010, the ENVSEC Initiative had a portfolio nual co-ordination meeting for economic Management. Particular attention was also of 54 projects, with a total budget of about and environmental officers in February. The afforded to gender aspects of migration. 12 million euros. The Office provided lead- aim of the project is to develop scenarios Hence, the OCEEA, in close co-operation ership for the ENVSEC work programme in for different OSCE regions to quantify the with IOM, ILO, the Council of Europe and the South Caucasus region in the fields of consequences that climate change will have the UN Development Fund for Women wildfire management, transboundary water on natural resources, energy and food avail- (UNIFEM), organized two regional training co-operation, local environmental assess- ability. The scenarios will provide a tool for seminars on gender and labour migration, ment and public participation. The OCEEA co-operative action and policy recommen- one held in Helsinki (15-16 April), and the also continued to promote co-operation on dations that could be implemented by the other in Astana (14-15 September). Both management of transboundary water re- OSCE field operations or be elevated to the seminars were structured as interactive sources in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Permanent Council. trainings based on case studies, using the The OCEEA, in co-operation with OSCE The OCEEA also continued its collabora- OSCE Guide on Gender-Sensitive Labour field operations and in co-ordination tion with the International Atomic Energy Migration Policies and the new OSCE Train- with the ENVSEC partners, continued Agency (IAEA) and UNDP on the issue of er’s Manual on Gender and Labour Migra- its promotion of the Aarhus Convention uranium tailings in Central Asia. tion, produced together with the Office for principles, which are designed to promote

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 99 • undertaking a comprehensive internal evaluation of the secondment system Department of Human and, as a first practical step, introducing improved health insurance coverage for the seconded staff/mission members on an Resources optional basis and at no cost to the OSCE Unified Budget; The Department of Human Resources (DHR) continued its efforts to maintain • reviewing current mechanisms for rec- adequately competitive conditions of service at the OSCE, including through promoting ognizing and addressing conflicts in the workplace, including through the recruit- a professional working environment, integrating gender issues and ensuring a set of ment of external mediators, providing amendments to the OSCE Staff Regulations and Rules. Highlights also included further relevant training opportunities and pre- development of recruitment tools and improved management of human resources in the paring an awareness-raising campaign to OSCE. Efforts to address the adverse effects of the strict limitations on periods of service increase all OSCE officials’ knowledge of in the OSCE are yet to yield meaningful results. policies and procedures; • continuing the Junior Professional Of- ficer programme, which provides young Key achievements in 2010 included: personnel. As a concrete example, the ap- professionals from participating States • maintaining adequately competitive con- proval of an amendment to the regulatory an opportunity to gain an overview of ditions of service in the OSCE, paying framework ensured that maternity/pater- the Organization. Building on the pro- particular attention to locally recruited nity/adoption leave periods do not count gramme’s success over the preceding four mission members and seconded staff, towards the maximum period of service cycles, with the support of the participat- bearing in mind the current financial cli- in the OSCE; ing States, the Department expanded the mate and through close dialogue with the • improving the IRMA human resources programme from April 2010, enabling six Organization’s decision-making bodies; module for timely and accurate reporting additional participants to be seconded by • developing proposals on enhancing co- functionality, including a major update to their nominating authorities; herence, effectiveness and efficiency in further enhance its stability and usability, • participation of 928 OSCE staff and mis- the management of the OSCE’s human adjustments to allow implementation of sion members (504 women and 424 men) resources and presenting them at the the amended Staff Regulations and Rules in training activities conducted in Vienna Vienna Review Conference of the Astana and integration of the human resources on various topics; Summit; aspects of the International Public Sector • continued strengthening of regional • contributing to the elaboration of the Accounting Standards (IPSAS); training activities; staffing components of the Community • encouraging improvement of the profes- • continued enhancement and updating of Security Initiative project (formerly called sional working environment across the the General Orientation Programme and the Police Advisory Group) to be imple- OSCE, including through mandatory exit support of local induction programmes; mented in Kyrgyzstan and facilitating the interviews in the OSCE Secretariat and • undertaking a comprehensive review recruitment and training of its interna- the review, redesign and wider distribu- and evaluation of all training activities tional mission members by conducting a tion of the booklet Professional Working and drafting a new Training Strategy for tailored orientation programme on short Environment – Guide on the OSCE Policy the period 2011-2013 and facilitating its notice; against Harassment, Sexual Harassment approval; • further developing recruitment tools and and Discrimination, in English and in • supporting the Chairmanship through procedures aimed at securing the highest Russian; tailored training activities as well as standards of efficiency, competence and • enhancing the ethics co-ordination role through administering recruitment and integrity when fairly and transparently re- within the OSCE, particularly by updat- extension processes for the senior man- cruiting staff from all participating States; ing the OSCE Code of Conduct to be agement of the Organization; and • implementing new features in the area of submitted for consideration by the OSCE • increasing interaction and co-operation recruitment to improve online application decision-making bodies, and training in with other international organizations and nomination procedures; the OSCE; on a variety of human resources issues, • implementing and improving standard • consolidating and managing common including payroll procedures, staff entitle- payroll operating procedures across the staff costs in the Secretariat under a sepa- ments and benefits, periods of service, Organization; rate programme within DHR; training and recruitment. • facilitating the approval by the participat- • based on practical experience, refining ing States of a set of amendments to Staff flexible working arrangements in the Regulations and Rules (July), significantly OSCE Secretariat, including staggered 2010 OSCE Post Table improving the regulatory framework; working hours, telecommuting, part-time 2000 • continuing to integrate gender aspects jobs and job-sharing, to create a more 1672 into human resources management poli- family-friendly and gender-sensitive cies and procedures, inter alia, by con- working environment and encouraging 1500 ducting a project to define gender sensitiv- similar flexible arrangements in other ity in the OSCE and formulating amend- duty stations; 1000 ments to the regulatory framework. DHR • initiating the review and updating of a 563 500 374 will continue to incorporate the findings number of Staff Instructions to ensure 284 and recommendations of the study into alignment with the amended Staff Regula- 0 the areas of recruitment, training and tions and Rules; International International National National General Contracted Seconded Professional Services

100 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Secretariat Department of Management and Finance The Department of Management and Finance (DMF) provides managerial, financial and administrative advice, services and support to OSCE participating States, the Secretary General and the Secretariat, Institutions and field operations. DMF comprises Budget and Internal Control Services (BICS), Financial Accounting and Treasury Services (FATS), Mission Support Services including Supply Chain Management (MSS), Information and Communications Technology Services (ICTS), Conference Services (CS) as well as oversight of the Prague Archives Office (PO). DMF fulfilled its 2010 obligations regarding the Organization’s planning and budget cycles and, as in previous years, continued the pursuit of Organization-wide management reform by spearheading, together with the Department of Human Resources and OSG/Legal Services, the enhancement of the Organization’s regulatory framework, the Common Regulatory Management System (CRMS), in particular through strengthened guidance on procurement and contracting. DMF helped facilitate the process to further develop the Organization’s Performance-Based Programme Budgeting model and provided continued support and functional training to field operations. It supported the Organization’s successful delivery of OSCE meetings and conferences throughout the year.

In 2010, the DMF successfully: for a 17th election observation mission for year; and • received an unqualified (positive) external the Office for Democratic Institutions and • continued developing the CSCE/ audit opinion on the 2009 financial state- Human Rights; OSCE Oral History project, launched ments. The External Auditor of the Ac- • progressed further in the transition to in 2009. Several interviews with ex- counting Chamber of Ukraine stated: “In International Public Sector Accounting ambassadors in Moscow and Wash- our opinion, these financial statements, Standards aimed at placing the OSCE as a ington were conducted, and existing present fairly, in all material aspects, the “fast follower” among international orga- audio-visual archives were enhanced financial position as at 31 December 2009, nizations globally; with valuable photographic evidence and the results of the operations and cash • successfully managed OSCE funds placed gathered from Finnish press agencies, flow for the period then ended ….”; on accounts with financial institutions documenting the Organization’s prog- • strengthened further the CRMS and the (banks) and managed throughout the ress from 1972 to 1975. internal control structure by supporting year to safeguard, materially, OSCE funds the Secretary General’s issuance of Finan- against a highly volatile global financial cial/Administrative Instruction (FAI) 16; environment; and by developing revisions to FAI 6 Pro- • contributed significantly to cost-effective curement and Contracting and FAI 13 on logistical planning and management of OSCE Corporate Information Technology the OSCE Summit travel arrangements, Security Policy; which resulted in estimated savings of • continued to provide critical systems approximately €200,000 to participating and business process support to all Fund States and the Organization when com- Administration Units in all OSCE field pared with using scheduled commercial operations and Institutions, providing air services; guidance on Financial Administrative • negotiated a favourable extension of the Instructions and monitoring improved contract for Phase III-c of the OSCE proj- internal controls; ect to ensure disposal of mélange rocket • continued to meet commitments for de- fuel in Ukraine, enabling a seamless con- livery of planning and budget-cycle docu- tinuation of the mélange disposal project; ments and provision of guidance, advice and and assistance to the Chair of the OSCE • through its Prague Office, Advisory Committee for Management • hosted the annual Researcher-in- and Finance; Residence Programme. Eight PhD and • prepared and supported discussions for four MA candidates came to Prague four supplementary budgets, including a for a period of two to three months; mid-year review, an increase in the Bish- • welcomed an average of three stu- kek 2010 Unified Budget, Unified Budget dent groups per month (mostly from contributions to a Police Advisory Group various German law schools on study in Kyrgyzstan (which became the Com- trips to the Czech Republic), amount- munity Security Initiative) and support ing to an average of 550 visitors this

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 101

Partnerships for security and co-operation

Representatives of the OSCE Asian and Mediterranean Partners for Co-operation at the OSCE Review Conference in Warsaw on 1 October 2010. (OSCE/Curtis Budden)

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 103 Interaction with other international, regional and sub-regional organizations and institutions

The year 2010 brought new dynamism and a number of important developments in the OSCE’s co-operation with other international, regional and sub-regional organizations and institutions. Throughout the year, and culminating with the Astana Summit, co-operation with other organizations was placed at centre stage of participating States’ attention, leading to a broad political and strategic overview of the Organization’s interaction over the past decade with other organizations that promote comprehensive security in the OSCE area and providing further guidance on the future content and form of this interaction. The Chairmanship, supported by the Section for External Co-operation, made concerted efforts in implementing the Athens Ministerial Council decision on Furthering the Corfu Process (MC.DEC/1/09), which identified interaction with other organizations and institutions as one of the main topics for discussion among participating States in the framework of the Corfu Process. This issue was also the focus of exchanges during the informal Ambassadorial Retreat on 15 May, as well as at a number of Corfu Process meetings across the three security dimensions. As summarized in the Interim Report on the Corfu Process, participating States positively assessed the level of co- operation with other organizations and institutions in the OSCE area, achieved in the implementation of the 1999 Platform for Co-operative Security, and agreed on the need to enhance this interaction further, as well as to broaden dialogue and contacts with regional organizations outside the OSCE area.

Following the practice of the OSCE Informal Ministe- institutions of which they are members”, “guided by the rial Meeting in Corfu in June 2009, seven international principles of equality, partnership co-operation, inclu- and regional organizations (the United Nations, the siveness and transparency.” European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organi- Regular institutional co-operation, both at the zation (NATO), the Commonwealth of Independent headquarters level and in the field, was also developed States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization throughout the year. Partner organizations were invited (CSTO), the Council of Europe (CoE), and the Confer- to the main OSCE meetings in the three dimensions, ence on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures including the Economic and Environmental Forum in Asia (CICA)) were invited by the Chairmanship to the and the Annual Security Review Conference, as well as Informal Ministerial Meeting in Almaty in July, during to a number of relevant high- and expert-level events. which the Chairperson hosted a dinner for the represen- For their part, the OSCE Chairmanship, the Secretary tatives of participating organizations. General and other senior officials represented the OSCE, Co-operation with other international, regional and upon invitation, at Summits, Ministerial Meetings and sub-regional organizations and institutions also featured other gatherings of international, regional and sub- highly on the agendas of the three segments of the OSCE regional organizations and institutions. Review Conference, with a dedicated session on 22 The Chairmanship invited heads of several organiza- October during the Vienna segment. A number of rep- tions to present their views on co-operation with the resentatives of other organizations (CoE, NATO, CSTO, OSCE at Permanent Council or joint Forum for Security the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Co-operation (FSC)/Permanent Council meetings. The CICA, the League of Arab States (LAS) and the ASEAN UN Secretary-General addressed the Permanent Coun- Regional Forum (ARF), represented by Thailand) con- cil in April, the first such address in 11 years, highlight- tributed to the discussions. ing the importance the UN attaches to its partnership Sixty-six organizations, institutions and initiatives with the OSCE. In October, the Secretary General of the were invited to participate in the Astana Summit, more Organization of American States (OAS) addressed the than double the number at the Istanbul Summit 11 years Permanent Council for the first time. Other speakers ago. The Secretary-General of the UN delivered an ad- throughout the year included the Secretaries General dress at the opening session. The Astana Commemo- of the CoE, CSTO and the Organization of the Islamic rative Declaration: Towards a Security Community Conference (OIC), the Executive Secretary of the CIS, reaffirmed participating States’ willingness to continue the Director of the Central Asian Regional Informa- their work to ensure strengthened “co-operation among tional and Coordination Centre (CARICC) and Special our States, and among the relevant organizations and Representatives of the EU. The security dialogue of the

104 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Partnerships for security and co-operation A bird’s eye view of the United Nations Security Council during a briefing by Kanat Saudabayev, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan and OSCE Chairperson-in- Office, in New York on 5 February 2010. (UN Photo/Mark Garten)

FSC was enriched by presentations from in January. The workshop was the first event UN, NATO and the EU, including in the UN, EU, Wassenaar and Comprehensive of its kind and brought together senior rep- areas of border security and management, Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization resentatives from the UN and a number of policing and election support. (CTBTO) representatives, who in particu- regional organizations, including the EU, In carrying out activities under their re- lar contributed to discussions related to the CoE, NATO, the African Union (AU), spective mandates, thematic units and de- small arms and light weapons (SALW) and ARF, the Caribbean Community (CARI- partments in the Secretariat also maintained non-proliferation. COM), CSTO, CICA, LAS, OAS and Pacific active contact and co-operation with rele- In Vienna in June, the OSCE Secretary Islands Forum (PIF). vant structures in partner organizations and General hosted the annual High-Level Tri- Together with the UN and the EU, the with specialized agencies and institutions. partite Meeting between the UN, the CoE OSCE co-chaired six rounds of the Geneva For example, throughout the year ATU and the OSCE on the theme of “Gender and Discussions, as foreseen in the 12 August co-operated with more than 20 UN insti- Comprehensive Security: Lessons learned 2008 six-point agreement. It also co-facil- tutions, international, regional and sub- and possibilities for enhanced co-operation”. itated, together with the EU Monitoring regional organizations and specialized agen- Discussions focused on preventing and re- Mission (EUMM), three meetings of the cies to support and promote their counter- solving conflicts, in particular through the Second Incident Prevention and Response terrorism related activities and share experi- implementation of UN Security Council Mechanism. The importance of this co- ences and best practices. Resolution (UNSCR) 1325, which marked its operation was illustrated by repeated joint SPMU continued to leverage efforts for tenth anniversary in 2010, and on combat- appearances of the three Co-Chairs of the co-ordination and co-operation with rel- ing violence against women, including the Geneva Discussions at the OSCE Permanent evant international and regional organiza- girl-child, before, during and after armed Council and the EU Political and Security tions, focusing in particular on illicit drugs conflicts. The International Committee of Committee. and precursor chemicals interdiction and the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Or- The OSCE, the UN and the EU also co- training of Afghan police. Other activities, ganization for Migration (IOM), NATO and ordinated closely, including by issuing joint principally related to police development, CSTO also participated in the meeting. statements by their Special Representatives, have involved co-operation with institu- In December, the OSCE Secretary General in assisting Kyrgyzstan, upon its request, in tions and organizations such as the UN held a workshop in Vienna with regional resolving the political crisis, preventing the Department for Peacekeeping Operations organizations on the theme of “Preventive spillover of tensions in the region, and in (UNDPKO), the CoE, the European Police and Quiet Diplomacy, Dialogue Facilitation promoting post-conflict rehabilitation. College (CEPOL), the International Network and Mediation” as a follow-up to the UN The OSCE contributed to the Paris Pact to Promote the Rule of Law (INPROL), the Secretary-General’s high-level retreat with Initiative through its engagement with Af- Democratic Control of the Armed Forces heads of regional organizations in New York ghanistan, complementing the efforts of the Centre (DCAF) and a number of NGOs.

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 105 Eric Svanidze, a Séverine Jacomy-Vité, consultant to the a UNICEF child- Council of Europe protection specialist, on ill-treatment and makes introductory torture, introduces a remarks at a session session on rule of law on human trafficking at the OSCE’s Review at the OSCE Review Conference in Warsaw Conference in Warsaw on 5 October 2010. on 8 October 2010. (OSCE/Curtis Budden) (OSCE/Curtis Budden)

The Gender Section continued to co- Southeast European Co-operation Initiative special sessions on assessing co-operation operate with other organizations by sharing (SECI), the Migration, Asylum, Refugees Re- with other organizations and institutions OSCE experience related to gender equality, gional Initiative (MARRI), the International present alongside the OSCE Regional Heads violence against women and the implemen- Anti-Corruption Academy and DCAF. of Mission meetings in Sarajevo in June, in tation of UNSCR 1325. Operations Service also regularly partici- Ashgabat in May and in Baku in September. The Office of the Special Representative pated in the International Stabilization and In addition, a representative of the EC deliv- and Co-ordinator for Combating Traffick- Peacebuilding Initiative, which included the ered a briefing on the EU’s Eastern Partner- ing in Human Beings (CTHB) promoted AU, the CoE, the UN and the World Bank. ship Initiative at the Regional Heads of Mis- multi-stakeholder partnerships through the Over the year, the Office of the Co-ordina- sion meeting in Kiev in July. Alliance against Trafficking in Persons. This tor of OSCE Economic and Environmental The OSCE Office for Democratic Institu- year saw a renewed engagement in bilateral Activities (OCEEA) intensified its co- tions and Human Rights (ODIHR) regularly and multilateral dialogue amongst various operation in the area of fighting corruption co-operated with the Venice Commission partners to consolidate existing partner- with the UN Office on Drugs and Crime of the CoE on legal reviews and maintained ships and expand membership. Upon the (UNODC), the Organisation for Economic strong partnerships with the OSCE Parlia- initiative of the Special Representative, the Co-operation and Development (OECD) mentary Assembly and the Parliamentary Alliance Expert Co-ordination Team is- Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Eu- assemblies of the CoE and NATO, as well sued a “Joint Statement on Child Protection, rope and Central Asia, the CoE and the EC’s as the European Parliament on election Especially among Migrant, Undocumented, Eastern Partnership, Platform I – Panel on observation. Unaccompanied, Separated and Asylum Fight Against Corruption. The OSCE High Commissioner on Na- Seeking Children, to enhance Prevention of The OCEEA continued to be actively tional Minorities (HCNM) co-operated Child Trafficking”, which was presented at engaged in the Environment and Security with international organizations in order the OSCE Review Conference in Warsaw in Initiative (ENVSEC), in co-operation with to broaden channels of influence, avoid October. the UN Development Programme (UNDP), overlap and increase the effectiveness of Through its Borders Team, the Opera- the UN Environment Programme (UNEP), the HCNM’s work. The HCNM developed tions Service of the Conflict Prevention the UN Economic Commission for Europe close links with the EC, in particular with Centre (CPC) engaged with international (UNECE), the Regional Environmental Cen- the EU Commissioner for Enlargement and and regional organizations dealing with tre for Central and Eastern Europe, as well the Directorate-General for Enlargement; issues affecting border security and manage- as NATO. the CoE, especially the CoE Advisory Com- ment. Key partners included the UN, the On the ground, OSCE field operations mittee on the Framework Convention for EU (particularly its BOMCA Programme in continued to share information and, as the Protection of National Minorities and Central Asia, EUBAM and Frontex), NATO, necessary, co-ordinate in implementing the Venice Commission; and with the UN IOM, the International Civil Aviation Or- projects and other practical activities with Secretariat and specialized UN bodies, such ganization (ICAO), the World Customs Or- other locally represented organizations, in a as the UN High Commissioner on Human ganization (WCO), Interpol, the CSTO, the pragmatic way and in accordance with their Rights (UNHCHR), UNHCR and UNDP. Regional Co-operation Council (RCC), the individual mandates. The CPC organized The Representative on Freedom of the

106 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Partnerships for security and co-operation Media worked with freedom of expression threats and respond to them. This point was implementing activities related to combating rapporteurs of the UN, the OAS and the Af- also highlighted at the thematic debate of organized crime and illicit drugs. Regular rican Commission on Human and Peoples’ the UN Security Council, held in January, co-ordination meetings were held at the Rights to publish a document setting forth on the theme of “Advancing co-operation senior and technical level in Vienna, con- the ten key challenges facing freedom of of the UN with regional and sub-regional tinuing through the OSCE field offices. A expression in the next decade. organizations in the maintenance of global number of joint OSCE-UNODC workshops, The OSCE Parliamentary Assembly peace and security”. The OSCE Chairperson seminars, training programmes and confer- regularly co-operated with the European focused again on the OSCE’s wide-ranging ences were organized in the course of the Parliament, the NATO Parliamentary As- role as a key regional partner of the UN year. sembly, the Parliamentary Assembly of the during his remarks at the inaugural ses- The Operations Service of the CPC con- CoE (PACE), the Inter-Parliamentary Union sion of the UN General Assembly (UNGA) tinued to enhance its co-operation with (IPU), the CIS Parliamentary Assembly and in September. the UN DPA Mediation Support Unit. The other international parliamentary organiza- In New York in January, the OSCE Sec- first joint training between the OSCE and tions, particularly in the field of election retary General attended the UN Secretary- the UN took place at the Folke Bernadotte observation. General’s high-level retreat on “Co-opera- Academy’s (FBA) training facility in Sandö, tion in Times of Crisis” for heads of regional Sweden, in April. ■■ United Nations and other intergovernmental organizations. Through its participation in the Expert In his address at the opening session of the On that occasion, he met bilaterally with Reference Group, the FSC Support Unit of Astana Summit, the UN Secretary-General the UN Secretary-General to discuss issues the CPC took on an active role in the process spoke of the “core principles and common of mutual interest. Other bilateral meetings of developing International Small Arms values” on which both organizations were between the two Secretaries General took Control Standards initiated by the UN Co- founded and the benefit of deepening co-op- place on the margins of the UN Secretary- ordinating Action on Small Arms Mecha- eration in order “to expand peace, advance General’s address to the OSCE Permanent nism. This new initiative aimed to create human rights, generate sustainable develop- Council in April and during the Astana universal standards in designing, planning ment, and build a safer world”. His state- Summit in December. At the end of August, and implementing small arms control initia- ment provided an apt summary of a year the OSCE Secretary General met in New tives to be used equally by practitioners and characterized by an exceptionally intense York with high-ranking UN representatives policy-makers. and close co-operation between the UN and from the Departments for Political Affairs The FSC Support Unit also continued the OSCE. (DPA) and DPKO to discuss co-operation on the implementation of joint projects with Providing a coherent response to the key regional issues. UNDP. This year witnessed the success- situation in Kyrgyzstan, as well as continu- In September, the OSCE Secretary General ful conclusion of the first phase of the joint ing close and co-ordinated engagement on met bilaterally with the newly appointed SALW project in Belarus, where a total of Georgia, Kosovo and Afghanistan, were executive director of UNODC, and in De- five SALW storage sites were updated in line the highlights of OSCE-UN interaction cember he hosted the annual OSCE-UNODC with OSCE best practices on the manage- during the year. Other priority areas for co- co-ordination meeting in Vienna. Senior ment and security of SALW stockpiles. In operation included advancing fundamental experts on both sides reviewed co-operation addition, special SALW inventory software freedoms and human rights in the OSCE between the two organizations in the areas was developed for use in Belarus and other area; disarmament and non-proliferation, of combating trafficking in human beings; OSCE participating States. In Montenegro, including by supporting the implementation fighting illicit drugs, terrorism and transna- the first phase of two joint projects was of UNSCR 1540; addressing environmental tional organized crime; and corruption and finalized, resulting in the destruction of challenges and fostering sustainable devel- money laundering. 480 tonnes of unstable ammunition and opment, with a special focus on efficient The annual OSCE-UN staff-level meeting the updating of an ammunition storage site water and energy management; and develop- was held in May in New York and focused in Tarash. ing co-ordinated approaches to combating on co-operation in the Western Balkans, the The OCEEA continued its co-operation transnational threats to security, in par- South Caucasus, Moldova, Central Asia and with the UNECE on transport and cross- ticular in the areas of trafficking in human Afghanistan, as well as on thematic issues border facilitation issues. A number of joint beings and narcotics, and the fight against including mediation and conflict prevention or back-to-back regional events were orga- terrorism. and disarmament and non-proliferation. On nized, related, inter alia, to the Euro-Asian Inter-institutional contacts also acquired the margins of the meeting, OSCE represen- Transport Links and the UN Trans-Europe- new dynamism and helped to advance the tatives held a number of bilateral meetings an Motorway (TEM) and Trans-European co-operation agenda throughout the year. with senior UN officials. Railway (TER) projects. Co-operation also On 5 February, the OSCE Chairperson In September, the OSCE Head on Anti- focused on finalizing the joint OSCE/UN- briefed the UN Security Council on the pri- Terrorism Issues addressed the 117th Ses- ECE Handbook of Best Practices at Border orities of the 2010 OSCE Chairmanship. He sion of the UNGA, which reviewed the Crossings. stressed the important role played by region- implementation of the UN Global Counter- The OCEEA further expanded its co- al intergovernmental organizations such as Terrorism Strategy, and briefed the UNGA operation with the UNECE Aarhus Con- the OSCE, with their unique tools, resources on the OSCE’s contributions to global efforts vention Secretariat within the framework and understanding of the situation on the against terrorism. of the OSCE Aarhus Centres Initiative and ground, in assisting the Security Council to SPMU maintained effective co-ordina- strengthened its collaboration with the UN- more effectively address potential security tion with the UNODC in preparing and ECE Helsinki Convention and the UNECE

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 107 Sergei A. Ordzhonikidze, Under-Secretary-General, Director-General of the United Nations Office in Geneva, speaks at a meeting of the OSCE, the Council of Europe and the United Nations on gender and security, in Vienna on 14 June 2010. (OSCE/ Susanna Lööf)

Espoo Convention through projects in the the use of force has become unthinkable met bilaterally with the EU President on the field of transboundary water management and where common interests prevail.” He margins of the OSCE Summit in Astana. and environmental impact assessment, outlined four key priorities for the OSCE, The year also featured appearances by respectively. In areas related to energy se- namely dealing with regional conflicts senior EU representatives before the OSCE curity, OCEEA partnered with the UNECE (emerging and old), strengthening and Permanent Council, including the Spanish through its Committee on Sustainable En- modernizing the conventional arms control Foreign Minister on behalf of the EU Presi- ergy, Working Parties and Expert Groups. regime in Europe, ensuring the strengthen- dency, the Special Representative of the EU The OCEEA continued its co-operation ing of the protection of human rights and for the South Caucasus and the EU Special with the International Atomic Energy Agen- increasing co-operation in the face of trans- Representative for the Republic of Moldova. cy (IAEA) in the framework of mitigating national threats. In July, an OSCE-EU brainstorming ses- radioactive problems in Central Asia. The Chairperson participated in the sion at the staff level took place in order to The Office of the Representative on Free- regular OSCE-EU Ministerial Meeting explore ways for enhanced co-operation dom of the Media worked with UN Educa- held in January in Brussels. Meetings at the ahead of the Astana Summit. tional, Scientific and Cultural Organization ambassadorial level took place in June and As a permanent participant in the EU’s (UNESCO) to organize a roundtable on the December, addressing a number of topical Eastern Partnership Initiative’s (EaP) Plat- topic of self-regulation for media representa- issues of common interest, including the form I on Democracy, Good Governance tives from seven South-Eastern European priorities of the OSCE Chairmanship, the and Stability, the OSCE took part in the countries and Turkey, as well as on a project Astana Summit and its follow-up, the Corfu third and fourth meetings of the Platform to develop a Russian version of the UNESCO Process, protracted conflicts, Kyrgyzstan in October and April, raising awareness of Model Curricula for Journalism Education. and Afghanistan. OSCE activities in these areas. The OSCE Secretary General addressed The Operations Service of the CPC en- ■■ European Union the EU Political and Security Committee hanced its interaction with the General The EU and the OSCE continued building in April and November, under the respec- Secretariat of the Council of the EU in the on their close co-operation throughout the tive Spanish and Belgium presidencies, and area of mediation support. In October, year, which was marked by the entry into held a number of bilateral meetings with representatives of the Operations Service’s force of the Lisbon Treaty. In his address to high-ranking EU representatives on the Planning and Analysis Team participated in the OSCE Summit, President of the Euro- margins, addressing issues such as the situ- an EU workshop on best practices in media- pean Council Herman Van Rompuy high- ation in Kyrgyzstan, protracted conflicts, tion, which was also attended by several EU lighted that “for the EU the [OSCE-EU] joint Georgia, Afghanistan, the implementation Special Representatives. long-term vision is clear: a Euro-Atlantic of the Lisbon Treaty and preparations for the The OCEEA initiated a new partnership and Eurasian Security Community where Astana Summit. The Secretary General also with the European Environmental Agency

108 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Partnerships for security and co-operation within the framework of a project aimed in the CoE’s task force to prepare the first continued to develop their relations through at developing scenarios for different OSCE legally binding European Convention on political dialogue and expert-level co- regions to quantify the security implica- Combating Violence against Women. operation. At the Lisbon Summit meeting tions of climate change, as well as within Aiming to further develop the close re- of the North-Atlantic Council in November, the framework of a project on the secu- lationship between the OSCE and the CoE, NATO Heads of State and Government rity implications of climate change in the the Special Representative on Trafficking in highlighted NATO’s commitment “to fur- OSCE region. Human Beings and the President and Vice- ther enhance the Alliance’s cooperation President of the CoE’s Group of Experts on with the OSCE, both at the political and ■■ Council of Europe Action against Trafficking in Human Beings operational level, in particular in areas such The OSCE and the CoE worked closely to- (GRETA) met in June to co-ordinate their as conflict prevention and resolution, post- gether throughout the year and co-ordinated awareness-raising and advocacy activities. conflict rehabilitation, and in addressing their activities on issues of common interest They also agreed to continue providing as- new security threats.” at the political and expert levels, includ- sistance to participating and Member States, On 27 January, the OSCE Chairperson ing in the field. In his address to the OSCE upon request, especially in the areas of held talks with the NATO Secretary General Permanent Council on 10 June, the Foreign training, assessment and monitoring. in Brussels, focusing on Afghanistan, the Minister of the former Yugoslav Republic In September, the OCEEA supported the Chairmanship of the OSCE and the pros- of Macedonia and Chairman of the CoE’s Centre of Expertise for Local Government pects for an OSCE Summit. Committee of Ministers emphasized that the Reform of the CoE and UNDP) in organiz- In his capacity as Special Envoy of the cumulative effect in reaching the goals of the ing a conference on Inter-Municipal Co- OSCE Chairperson, the Deputy Foreign CoE and the OSCE is to be achieved through operation in Dubrovnik for officials from Minister of Kazakhstan addressed the first strengthening co-operation, creating syner- South-Eastern and Eastern Europe and Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) gies and avoiding overlapping. South Caucasus. ambassadorial meeting in Brussels, in The CoE’s Secretary General addressed ODIHR and the CoE’s Venice Commis- March, focusing on Afghanistan, the Corfu the OSCE Permanent Council in Vienna on sion jointly issued Guidelines on Legislation Process, preparations for the Astana Sum- 1 July, while the OSCE Secretary General on Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and further mit and co-operation on issues of wider addressed the meeting of Ministers’ Depu- co-operated in preparing and finalizing the European security. In December, he briefed ties of the Committee of Ministers of the 2010 Kyiv Recommendations on Judicial the EAPC on the achievements of the OSCE CoE on 29 September. Both highlighted the Independence in Eastern Europe, South Chairmanship, highlighting in particular significant complementarities in the work of Caucasus and Central Asia, which addressed the results of the Astana Summit, OSCE’s their organizations and the concrete results issues of judicial administration, with a engagement with Afghanistan and manage- that could be reached through an enhanced particular focus on judicial councils, the ment of the crisis in Kyrgyzstan. working relationship. The OSCE Secretariat selection of judges and their accountability. The OSCE Secretary General delivered was also represented at the 120th Session of In December, jointly with the CoE and the a statement to the EAPC in July. Topics of the CoE’s Committee of Ministers in Stras- local NGO Human Rights Centre, ODIHR discussion, both at the EAPC and during bourg on 11 May. trained assembly monitors in Tblisi, Geor- subsequent bilateral meetings with high- Current and emerging co-operation gia, in international standards, applicable ranking NATO officials and ambassadors, between the CoE and the OSCE, the re- national law and assembly monitoring tech- included the outlook for the Astana Sum- spective priorities for 2010 as well as their niques. In order to promote early education mit, conclusions from the Corfu Process, co-operation in the field were discussed at for Roma and Sinti, ODIHR, in co-operation NATO’s deliberations on a new Strategic the 19th High-Level “2+2” Meeting, held with the CoE and UNESCO, established Concept, security in Afghanistan and devel- in Geneva on 5 March. The Chairperson of the International Task Force for the Educa- opments in Georgia, Kosovo, Moldova and the CoE Committee of Ministers, the OSCE tion of Roma (ITFER). Central Asia. Chairperson-in-Office and the Secretaries The Office of the Representative on Free- In addition, the Secretaries General of the General of the CoE and the OSCE partici- dom of the Media and the CoE jointly orga- OSCE and NATO met bilaterally in Janu- pated in the discussions. The CoE Secretary nized an open forum at the Internet Gov- ary in New York on the margins of the UN General and the OSCE Secretary General ernance Forum in Vilnius in September on Secretary-General’s retreat with heads of also held a bilateral meeting on the margins how to balance the governing of hate speech regional organizations. The OSCE Secretary of the meeting. with the right to freedom of expression and General also held a bilateral meeting with The two Organizations worked particu- the free flow of information. NATO’s Assistant Secretary General for Po- larly closely together in the four agreed The OSCE Conflict Prevention Centre -en litical Affairs and Security Policy during the priority areas: promoting tolerance and tertained direct contacts with the Secretariat Astana Summit. Topics of discussion includ- non-discrimination, the protection of rights of the CoE on a number of regional matters. ed the outcome of the Summit, prospects for of persons belonging to national minorities, These exchanges contributed to a better un- OSCE engagement with Afghanistan and fighting terrorism and combating traffick- derstanding of the activities undertaken by OSCE-NATO co-operation. ing in human beings. Enhanced interaction both organizations, in particular in response Regular OSCE-NATO staff-level meet- in these areas was reviewed during the two to developments in the field. ings, held in Vienna in March and Octo- regular meetings of the CoE-OSCE Co- ber, addressed thematic issues such as the ordination Group, held in Strasbourg on 1 ■■ North Atlantic Treaty Organization Vienna Document 1999, the Treaty on Con- March and in Vienna on 22 October. In a year marked by preparations for their ventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE), The OSCE’s Gender Section participated respective Summits, the OSCE and NATO preparations for the Astana and Lisbon

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 109 Summits, NATO’s comprehensive approach, and regional desks on issues of common organizations such as the Energy Commu- energy security, the fight against terrorism, interest. nity, the International Institute for Applied as well as co-operation on regional matters As a member of many international work- Systems Analysis (IIASA), the International including Central Asia, the South Caucasus, ing groups, SPMU engaged in co-ordination Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the the Western Balkans and Afghanistan. with organizations such as INTERPOL, OPEC Fund for International Development EUROPOL and SECI Centre. SPMU co- (OFID), OPEC, the Renewable Energy and ■■ Other international, regional operated with the RCC on the OSCE work- Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP) and and sub-regional organizations and shop series on democratic-policing and UNIDO. The OCCEA hosted representatives institutions in the OSCE area SPMU guidebooks on good practices for law from the Black Sea Economic Cooperation In accordance with the OSCE Helsinki enforcement. Organization, the Energy Charter Secre- Ministerial Decision of 2008 on the OSCE The Office of the Special Representative tariat, the European Climate Foundation, contribution to the Implementation Phase of on Trafficking in Human Beings developed NATO and UNECE at the special expert the Alliance of Civilizations Initiative (MC. co-operation with the Financial Action Task meeting on “Assessing the OSCE’s future DEC 8/08), the Secretary General attended Force on Money Laundering (FATF). In No- contribution to international energy security the Third Global Forum of the Alliance of vember, the Office contributed to the FATF co-operation”, held in Vilnius, in September. Civilizations (AoC) in Rio de Janeiro in May. workshop on money laundering vulner- The Secretary General took part in the Min- abilities arising from trafficking in human ■■ Regional organizations outside the isterial Meeting and addressed the Summit beings and the smuggling of migrants in OSCE area Plenary. He also was a speaker at the themat- Cape Town, and the first joint meeting of the Guided by participating States’ agree- ic session on “The Dialogue of Civilizations FATF and the Egmont Group of Financial ment during Corfu Process discussions on and the Remaking of the World Order”. On Intelligence Units on money laundering and “the need for openness to interacting with the eve of the AoC Forum, the Secretary terrorist financing typologies. regional and sub-regional organizations General participated in the side event on In co-operation with the IOM, the Inter- outside the OSCE area, in particular those “Addressing Islamophobia: Building on Un- national Labour Office (ILO), the UN De- from adjacent regions, in areas where joint used Opportunities for Mutual Respect and velopment Fund for Women (UNIFEM) and efforts could be beneficial”, the year also saw Inclusion”, co-organized by the AoC, the the CoE, the OCEEA organized two regional broadened dialogue and contacts with such CoE, the OIC and the British Council. The training seminars on gender and labour organizations, aimed at the exchange of ex- High Representative of the UN Secretary- migration in Helsinki (15-16 April) and in perience, best practices and lessons learned. General for the AoC addressed the OSCE Astana (14-15 September). The seminars Interaction with CICA, one of the priori- Permanent Council in Vienna in June. were based on the Gender and Labour Mi- ties of the Chairmanship, was particularly On the margins of the address by the gration Trainer’s Manual, produced by the intensified throughout the year. The OSCE Secretary General of the CSTO to the joint OCEEA and ODIHR. The OCEEA worked Secretary General was invited to participate Permanent Council/Forum for Security closely with the IOM to produce Training in the Third Summit of CICA in Istanbul on Co-operation meeting on 15 April, the two Modules on Labour Migration Manage- 8 June, where he delivered a statement on Secretaries General held a bilateral meeting, ment – Trainer’s Manual as a complement behalf of the OSCE. He also made a presen- focusing on issues such as Kyrgyzstan and to the OSCE-IOM-ILO labour migration tation during a special event focusing on se- Afghanistan, and border security and man- handbooks. The OCEEA and the IOM also curity and economic co-operation in Eurasia agement in Central Asia. During his visit to initiated a new joint project to assess the in the 21st century, organized in connection Moscow in March, the Director of CPC met gathering of migration data in Tajikistan, with the CICA Summit, on 7 June. In ad- with the CSTO Secretary General to discuss Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Furthermore, dition, the Head of External Co-operation issues including the creation of CSTO peace- the OCEEA worked closely with the ILO represented the OSCE Secretariat at the keeping forces, the Corfu Process, the OSCE to publish Strengthening Migration Gover- meeting of the CICA Specialized Working Summit, transnational threats to security, as nance, a review report on the implementa- Group and the Senior Officials Committee, well as Central Asia and Afghanistan. tion of the OSCE commitments related to held in Ankara in October. The OSCE Secretary General met with migration produced for the 2009 Economic Co-operation with the OAS also took the Chairman of the Executive Committee and Environmental Forum. on new dynamism over the course of the and Executive Secretary of the CIS on the The OCEEA engaged in co-operation with year. In February, an OAS representative margins of his address to the Permanent the World Customs Organization (WCO) on participated in the Chairmanship Seminar Council on 22 July, and exchanged informa- promoting integrity in customs and other on Conflict Prevention and Resolution, tion on the latest developments within the border services. A joint regional workshop organized in the framework of the Corfu two organizations. was held in Almaty in July. Process. In October, an OAS team headed The Head of External Co-operation repre- In the area of combating money laun- by the Secretary for Multidimensional Secu- sented the OSCE Secretariat at the Summit dering and the financing of terrorism, the rity visited the OSCE Secretariat for the first Meeting of the Heads of State and Govern- OCEEA continued its collaboration with the time in preparation for the OAS Secretary ment of the SEECP and the Annual Meeting Financial Action Task Force, the CoE’s Mon- General’s address to the Permanent Coun- of the Regional Cooperation Council (RCC) eyval Committee and the Eurasian Group cil, as well as to exchange views on issues of in Istanbul on 22-23 June. on Combating Money Laundering and the mutual interest. ODIHR also strengthened A delegation from the ICRC visited the Financing of Terrorism. its co-operation with the OAS, sharing OSCE Secretariat on 23-25 February for In addition, the OCEEA joined the its election observation experience and consultations with various thematic units Vienna Energy Club (VEC), which includes methodology.

110 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Partnerships for security and co-operation On 6 May, the Secretary General of the of actors from the security sector to dis- Liaison Office, the EU Rule of Law Mission OIC addressed the OSCE Permanent Coun- cuss the handbook’s recommendations on and NATO. cil in Vienna for the second time. In his Serbia (May), Georgia (June) and Albania statement, he emphasized the need for the (November). The Mission to Montenegro continued its two organizations to work together to battle ODIHR hosted the Third Annual Meet- close co-operation with the EU Delegation, the rise of Islamophobia. On the margins ing on Mechanisms and Programmes for the CoE, UNDP, UNHCR, UNICEF and of his address, he and the OSCE Secretary the Protection of Human Rights Defenders civil society organizations in the process General discussed current and upcom- in Warsaw in December. The meeting, or- of reforms and strengthening institutional ing co-operation. They met again, on the ganized by the International Federation for capacity, especially in the areas of rule of margins of the Fourth Regional Economic Human Rights (FIDH), brought together law, police-military matters, democratiza- Cooperation Conference on Afghanistan representatives from UNHCHR, the CoE tion and media. In co-operation with the (RECCA IV) in Istanbul on 3 November, Commissioner for Human Rights, the EU, host country and international organiza- and continued their discussions. the Inter-American Commission on Human tions, the Mission co-hosted five regional In addition, the OSCE Secretary General Rights, the International Organization of conferences on building regional stability held bilateral meetings with the Secretaries the Francophonie and a number of interna- and security. General of the OAS, OIC and SCO in Janu- tional NGOs, including Amnesty Interna- ary in New York on the margins of the UN tional, Human Rights First and the World TheMission to Serbia co-operated with UN Secretary-General’s retreat with heads of Organization Against Torture. agencies, such as UNDP, UNHCR, UNODC, regional organizations. The HCNM worked with civil society in UNICEF, as well as the EU, the CoE, the A delegation of the Union of South Amer- the countries where the Institution is en- International Criminal Tribunal for the for- ican Nations visited the OSCE Secretariat in gaged to support efforts aimed at preventing mer Yugoslavia (ICTY), the World Bank and February for in-depth briefings with special- conflict and protecting human rights. NGOs in its four programme areas: rule of ised units aimed at sharing OSCE knowl- The Office of the Representative on Free- law and human rights, democratization, law edge and experience. dom of the Media provided assistance and enforcement and media. A representative of the ARF addressed the participated in a country visit to Serbia or- Asian Contact Group in February, provid- ganized by the International Press Institute TheSpillover Monitor Mission to Skopje co- ing a briefing on recent developments and and the South East Europe Media Organiza- operated with the Security Principals – the activities and proposing areas of possible tion to address the country’s Law on Public EU Special Representative, the United States co-operation with the OSCE. Information. The Office also financed The and NATO — to promote stabilization and On the margins of the Sixth UN Confer- Legal Links Toolkit, a guide on how to ac- a fruitful dialogue with the country’s in- ence on Competition Policy, in Geneva in cess government information, prepared by stitutions. Collaboration with UN agencies November, the Head of the OSCE Office Access Info Europe and the Network for present on the ground and the EC contin- in Yerevan met with representatives of the Reporting on Eastern Europe. ued, particularly to improve inter-ethnic CARICOM Secretariat to share OSCE ex- relations. perience in Armenia related to competition ■■ Highlights of co-operation in the policies and legislation. field The Office in Zagreb co-operated with the EU delegation, three NGOs (the Centre for ■■ Non-governmental organizations South-Eastern Europe Peace in Osijek, Document and the Civic Contacts with non-governmental organiza- ThePresence in Albania worked with the EU Committee for Human Rights (GOLJP)) tions (NGOs) were particularly intensified on property and police, with the EU and the and the ICTY Liaison Office on monitoring in 2010, and representatives of a number of CoE on civil registry and the media, with of war crimes proceedings. The Office -con think tanks and NGOs were invited by the the CoE on decentralization and with the tributed to the War Crimes Justice Project, OSCE Chairmanship to take part and con- UN, the World Bank and the EU on donor which was carried out by ODIHR in part- tribute to the three segments of the OSCE co-ordination. nership with the ICTY and the UN Interre- Review Conference in Warsaw, Vienna and gional Crime and Justice Research Institute Astana, respectively. In addition, NGOs took TheMission to Bosnia and Herzegovina co- (UNICRI). part in all regular OSCE events throughout operated with UNHCR, UNDP, NATO, the the year. The three OSCE Institutions, the EU Forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Eastern Europe thematic units of the Secretariat and field EU Delegation, the CoE and the Office of the The Office in Minsk maintained close operations continued to develop their dia- High Representative. co-ordination with UN agencies, the EU logue and co-operation with a number of delegation, the CIS Executive Committee, relevant NGOs, including as implementing TheMission in Kosovo continued its role as international financial institutions and the partners and guest speakers at events. a reliable partner of the international com- IOM when developing its projects with the ODIHR co-operated with the Geneva munity, providing valuable experience and Institutions of the host country. Centre for Democratic Control of Armed expertise in institution-building and human Forces (DCAF) in the organization rights promotion. The Mission, working The Mission to Moldova kept close contact of roundtable conferences on the Hand- within the overall framework of the UN with a number of UN agencies, the EU, the book on Human Rights and Fundamental Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo, CoE and IOM in its efforts to find a lasting Freedoms of Armed Forces Personnel. This engaged actively with relevant institutions, solution to the Transdniestrian conflict, year’s events brought together a wide range including UNHCR, UNDP, the CoE, the EC to combat trafficking in human beings

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 111 and to promote democracy, the rule of law OSCE, the EU and UNHCHR. A similar and freedom of the media. co-ordination mechanism was set up jointly with USAID in the field of strengthening lo- TheProject Co-ordinator in Ukraine co- cal self-governance bodies. In the aftermath ordinated activities with the CoE, the Venice of the April events in Bishkek, the OSCE Commission, the EU, USAID and USAID- Centre, the UN and the EU initiated weekly funded projects in Ukraine, IOM, UNECE, international co-ordination meetings UNEP, UNDP, ILO, the Eurasia Foundation, throughout the year. The OSCE Centre also the German Foundation for International collaborated with the Eurasia Foundation in Legal Cooperation, and local and interna- the area of education, as well as with the EU, tional NGOs. the EC’s Disaster Preparedness ECHO (DI- PECHO) programme, UNICEF, IOM, the South Caucasus Asian Development Bank and UNDP. The Office in Baku worked with the ILO on combating trafficking in human beings TheOffice in Tajikistan expanded its co-op- and on training for the owners of small and eration in all programme areas with interna- medium-sized businesses; with UNECE tional organizations, including UN agencies, on water management; with UNDP on the international development banks and NGOs Civic Action for Security and Environment in projects concerning border management, (CASE) programme; with ICRC on monitor- mine action, police reform and countering of detention facilities; with the World terrorism, environmental issues, gender, Bank on judicial reforms and with the IOM anti-trafficking, human rights and media on combating trafficking in human beings. development.

TheOffice in Yerevan closely co-operated During the year, the Project Co-ordinator in with the CoE, including the Venice Com- Uzbekistan organized various events in co- mission, the EU Delegation and Advisory ordination with international organizations, Group and the UN on elections, anti-cor- NGOs, partners and local institutions in the ruption, police assistance, human rights, three dimensions. economic and environmental issues, judicial reform, media, gender, anti-trafficking and migration.

Central Asia TheCentre in Ashgabat worked together with UNODC, UNECE, the EU and other organizations to address issues such as anti- corruption practices, media reform, transport development and anti-trafficking, also closely co-ordinating its day-to-day activities with all international organizations active in Turkmenistan.

TheCentre in Astana liaised and co-operated with various UN bodies, the EU and other international, intergovernmental and regional organizations to address a range of issues including organized crime, gender equality and transboundary water management.

In response to the April events in Kyrgyz- stan, the OSCE, the UN and the EU established a co-ordination assistance mechanism including tripartite visits of their Special Representatives for Kyrgyzstan. TheCentre in Bishkek, in co-operation with UNDP and the EU Delegation, created the Reconcilia- tion, Conflict Prevention and Peace-Build- ing Mechanism (RECAP), co-chaired by the

112 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Partnerships for security and co-operation Interaction with the Asian and Mediterranean Partners for Co-operation

This year’s dialogue with Partners for Co-operation was marked by their close involvement in the discussions among participating States preceding the OSCE Summit in Astana on 1-2 December. Partners actively participated in and contributed to the informal consultations within the Corfu Process and in the Review Conference. Practical co-operation activities focused on ensuring continuity with previous work. For the first time, implementing decisions adopted in 2009, two workshops were organized on the territory of Partners for Co-operation: one, in Mongolia, on combating human trafficking and another, in Thailand, on fighting drug trafficking. Participation of Afghan representatives in OSCE activities was boosted. With the Mediterranean Partners, the work in the three priority areas selected in 2009 for activities under the Partnership Fund was advanced.

■■ Report of the OSCE Chairmanship activities of the Chairperson at the Contact Group The Chairmanship advanced the dialogue with Partners meetings. Partners were also invited to the main OSCE by convening for the first time a special high-level event annual events, including the Annual Security Review for OSCE Partners for Co-operation on the margins Conference, the Economic and Environmental Forum of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence- and the Human Dimension Implementation Meeting. Building Measures in Asia (CICA) Summit in Istanbul. The Chairmanship provided full support, including High-level exchanges continued on the occasion of the financial, to co-operation activities implemented with addresses to the Permanent Council by the Ministers both groups of Partners under the Partnership Fund. of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia and Thailand and dur- Kazakhstan also hosted an international conference in ing the visit to the OSCE by the Australian Minister for Almaty in April to explore possibilities for applying the Foreign Affairs. OSCE’s experience in security co-operation to other Partners took active part in the informal discussions regions, and in particular to north-east Asia. in the framework of the Corfu Process, including the Informal Ministerial Meeting in Almaty, and substan- ■■ Fourth joint meeting of the Contact Groups tially contributed to the Review Conference organized Co-chaired by Greece and Lithuania, the July meet- in preparation of the OSCE Summit. One session of the ing focused on the OSCE’s work in protecting human Review Conference focused on examining co-operation rights while fighting terrorism and combating money with the OSCE Partners. Both Partners for Co-opera- laundering and financing of terrorism and explored tion and participating States appreciated the progress venues for co-operation activities. The outcomes and achieved in developing dialogue and co-operation in follow-up to the Almaty Informal Ministerial Meet- recent years, and a number of proposals were made for ing, the Parliamentary Assembly Annual Session and further enhancing interaction in the future. the OSCE-Republic of Korea Conference were also Upon invitation by the Chairmanship, the Partners discussed. The briefing delivered by a representative of for Co-operation participated in the 2010 Astana Sum- CICA prompted exchanges on the possibility of further- mit at a high level. The Astana Commemorative Dec- ing OSCE-CICA interaction. laration, adopted by OSCE heads of State and Govern- ment, pledged to enhance the level of interaction with ■■ Report of the Chairmanship of the Contact the Partners for Co-operation. The OSCE Ministerial Group with the Asian Partners for Co-operation Troika meetings with the Partners, with the participation of the Secretary General and of the Parliamentary Work of the Asian Contact Group Assembly, held on the margins of the Summit, al- During the five meetings of the Asian Contact Group, lowed for an assessment of the progress made in recent Asian Partners made presentations on regional security years and a discussion of ways to further enhance the issues of shared interest. Afghanistan briefed partici- OSCE Partnership. pants on the electoral process in that country; Australia Following the established practice, Partners regularly presented the Asia Pacific experience in shaping mul- participated in meetings of the Permanent Council and tilateral processes to meet emerging challenges; Mon- of the Forum for Security Co-operation. The Chair- golia informed about the outcomes of the Ulaanbaatar manship regularly briefed the Partners on the ongoing workshop on combating human trafficking; the Republic

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 113 Thailand’s Foreign Minister Kasit Piromya speaks at the OSCE Permanent Council, in Vienna on 24 June 2010. (OSCE/Sarah Crozier)

of Korea illustrated its perspectives on approach. To this end, enhanced co-oper- activities in the context of the OSCE Asian multilateral security co-operation in north- ation and partnerships between govern- Partnership. east Asia; Thailand provided presentations ments and civil society, as well as between The contribution that women could bring on the outcome of the workshop it hosted the OSCE and other relevant international to building security was extensively exam- on combating illicit crop cultivation and organizations, was supported. Enhancing ined both at the Conference and at a side enhancing border security as well as on co-operation with Afghanistan and ad- event gathering experts and civil society rep- potential co-operation between the OSCE dressing challenges faced by landlocked resentatives on the margins of an OSCE con- and the ASEAN Regional Forum. Discus- countries were identified as areas for further ference with the Asian Partners for the first sions also focused on OSCE activities on elections, gender issues, media freedom, as well as on the economic and environ- Partnership Fund mental dimension, with contributions by OSCE experts. The Partnership Fund, aimed at promoting the Partners’ engagement in the OSCE, completed its third year of operation in 2010, during which five projects were completed and three OSCE-Republic of Korea Conference more were launched. With new contributions from Germany, Kazakhstan, Morocco, Republic of Korea and Thailand, the fund’s total pledges since its 2007 establishment by PC.DEC/812 During the Conference, held in Seoul in reached over €830,000. May, participants exchanged views and Completed projects were: experiences on issues related to all three dimensions of security, including the ongoing • OSCE 2010 Chairmanship workshop on “Combating illicit crop cultivation and enhancing dialogue on security and co-operation in border security and management: Thailand as a case study”, held in Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai, Thailand, (24-28 January); the OSCE, the prospects for multilateral • OSCE 2010 Chairmanship international expert workshop on “Combating modern security co-operation in north-east Asia, slavery: national, regional, international experiences”, held in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, economic development, environmental (9-10 February); challenges and promotion of good gover- • Meeting on “Security and co-operation in north-east Asia and the OSCE”, co-organized nance with a special focus on Afghanistan by the Chairmanship and the Austrian Centre for International Studies, held in Almaty, and women’s contribution to security. Kazakhstan, (27-28 April); Discussions highlighted the potential • A side event on women’s contribution to security at the OSCE-Republic of Korea usefulness of the OSCE’s inclusive, co- Conference held in Seoul, (18-19 May); and operative and comprehensive approach • A study trip for experts from the Mediterranean Partners on travel document security to to security for the Asian region and the Austria, held in Vienna, (26-28 May). contribution that multilateral security co- Projects initiated in 2010 were: operation could make to resolving both • Translation of OSCE/ODIHR election literature into Dari/Pashtu; traditional and non-traditional threats and • Afghanistan engagement support, aiming at supporting Afghan participation in OSCE challenges. activities and the development of targeted extra-budgetary projects; and • Placement of experts from OSCE Partners for Co-operation in the OSCE executive Participants recognized that economic structures. and environmental challenges were often intertwined and could be more effec- The participation of representatives from the Partners for Co-operation, in particular from Afghanistan, in OSCE activities was also sponsored through the Partnership Fund. tively dealt with through a comprehensive

114 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Partnerships for security and co-operation time. Participants agreed that women were critical to the successful prevention and res- OSCE/ODIHR Election Support Team to Afghanistan olution of conflict and should participate as The OSCE deployed an Election Support Team (EST) to the 18 September parliamentary central actors in those processes; therefore elections in Afghanistan, as decided by the OSCE Permanent Council in response to an additional measures were needed to promote invitation from the Afghan Foreign Minister. gender balance and women’s participation in The OSCE/ODIHR team, consisting of eight experts from six OSCE participating States, political and public life, in accordance with was deployed for five weeks and presented its findings to the Permanent Council on 9 the relevant OSCE commitments. December. The OSCE has been involved in all Afghan elections since 2004, issuing reports with Co-operation activities recommendations on how to improve future electoral processes in 2004, 2005 and 2009. Greece supported the intensification of ex- During the 2010 elections, the OSCE/ODIHR EST reviewed the large body of existing rec- changes and co-operation with the Asian ommendations and identified priority areas that could form the basis for future electoral reform. On this basis, the OSCE/ODIHR released a report addressing the legal framework, Partners through the implementation of the protection of electoral rights, election administration, voters’ registration, the delimi- projects under the Partnership Fund. Activi- tation of electoral boundaries, political parties and domestic observation, with the aim of ties focused on sharing OSCE experience stimulating further electoral reform in Afghanistan. and exchanging lessons learned on building a multilateral security framework and gender issues. For the first time, two workshops European security. Exchanges covered is- for Co-operation in the OSCE executive were organized in the territory of Partners sues related to CSBMs, managing economic structures was launched; and negotiations for Co-operation: Mongolia hosted a work- and environmental challenges for building on advancing the participatory drafting of a shop on combating human trafficking, and security and stability and experiences on project addressing environmental challenges Thailand hosted a workshop on countering tolerance and non-discrimination, includ- to security were conducted. illicit crop cultivation and enhancing border ing the role of civil society in fostering peace During a study trip to Austria in May, ten security. Both events provided opportunities and security. experts from four Mediterranean Partners for networking and exchanges of ideas and During the debate, the potential relevance participated in the OSCE Workshop on best practices on key security challenges. of the OSCE experience on CSBMs for the Promoting the ICAO Public Key Directory In compliance with the Madrid Ministe- Mediterranean region was examined. Par- (e-passports). The experts also visited the rial Declaration on the OSCE Partners for ticipants discussed the usefulness of intensi- Austrian State Printing House and a pass- Co-operation (MC.DOC/1/07), Greece cir- fying the involvement of the Mediterranean port enrolment centre in Vienna and were culated a report on the work of the Mediter- Partners in relevant OSCE activities and briefed by an ICAO-affiliated expert on the ranean Contact Group in 2010. the need to work towards progressively in- topic of transliteration of Arabic characters creasing trust in the region through CSBMs into Latin fonts. ■■ Report of the Chairmanship of the across the three dimensions of security, and In compliance with the Madrid Ministe- Contact Group with the Mediterranean possibly through the expansion of the Medi- rial Declaration on the OSCE Partners for Partners for Co-operation terranean Partnership. Co-operation (MC.DOC/1/07), Lithuania Discussing the OSCE experience in pro- circulated a report on the work of the Medi- Work of the Mediterranean Contact Group moting security and stability through the terranean Contact Group in 2010. The Mediterranean Contact Group met management of economic and environmen- six times in 2010, covering a wide range of tal challenges, participants exchanged ideas ■■ Report of the Secretary General topics, including confidence- and security- on ways to address these types of challenges, The OSCE Secretariat supported the work building measures (CSBMs), border man- including migration management and envi- of the Chairs of the two Contact Groups agement, migration, gender and tolerance ronmental threats such as water scarcity and and co-organized, together with the host and non-discrimination. Exchanges of ideas desertification. countries, the OSCE-Republic of Korea and experience dominated the discussions, Participants also exchanged views and ex- Conference in Seoul and the OSCE Medi- with contributions by experts from the periences on the promotion of tolerance and terranean Conference in Malta. The Sec- OSCE as well as from other international non-discrimination and agreed on further retary General addressed both events. The organizations, including the EU, NATO, enhancing interaction in this area, especially Secretariat regularly liaised with the Part- the Council of Europe, the League of through co-operation activities. ners and facilitated their participation in Arab States and the International Labour relevant OSCE activities. It also supported Organization. The Contact Group’s meet- Co-operation activities the Chairmanship and participating States ings also focused on ensuring follow-up to Throughout the year, Lithuania promoted by providing institutional memory, back- main events involving the Mediterranean continuity and concreteness in co-operation ground information and advice on issues Partners. activities with the Mediterranean Partners related to the OSCE Partnership. A back- by actively facilitating the launch of projects ground paper outlining the developments 2010 OSCE Mediterranean Conference addressing the three priority areas selected in the OSCE Partnership since the previous The 2010 OSCE Mediterranean Conference, by the Mediterranean Contact Group in OSCE Summit in Istanbul in 1999 was pre- hosted by Malta in October, was a key event 2009. As a result, a project on border secu- pared for the session of the Review Confer- for the Mediterranean Partners, focusing rity and anti-terrorism was successfully im- ence examining the OSCE co-operation on bringing a Mediterranean perspective plemented; a programme for the sponsored with the Partners. into the OSCE dialogue on the future of placement of experts from the Partners At the Conference in Seoul, the Secretary

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 115 OSCE representatives and Afghan participants discuss alternatives to opium cultivation during a workshop on combating illicit crop cultivation and enhancing border security and management, hosted by Thailand on 24-28 January 2010. (Mae Fah Luang Foundation)

General met with the Korean Vice Minister managing migration and countering human OSCE officials on the Organization’s activi- of Foreign Affairs and Trade and other se- trafficking, preparations for the OSCE Sum- ties to delegations from the Partners for Co- nior officials to discuss the security situation mit and the OSCE Mediterranean Partner- operation, including Afghanistan, Australia, on the Korean peninsula, the relevance of a ship. He also met with the Secretary General Japan, Israel and Jordan. multilateral and comprehensive approach to of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Medi- The Secretary General continued to ad- security, Afghanistan and OSCE activities. terranean, who presented the objectives and minister the Partnership Fund, and the The Secretary General also gave interviews activities of that organization. Section for External Co-operation served to Korean media on the OSCE and the topics On the occasion of his visit to the OSCE as Master Project Manager for liaison with of the Conference. in March, the Prime Minister of Mongolia donors and individual project managers. On the margins of the Mediterranean was received by the Secretary General and In response to the interest of Partners and Conference, the Secretary General met with briefed on the Corfu Process, as well as on participating States, the Secretariat launched Malta’s Prime Minister, with the Deputy OSCE activities in the economic and envi- the first joint project for the placement of Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Af- ronmental dimension and in Central Asia. experts/young diplomats from both groups fairs as well as with members of Parliament. Other issues discussed included dealing of Partners for Co-operation in OSCE ex- Discussions addressed the main challenges with challenges faced by land-locked coun- ecutive structures, under the Partnership facing the Mediterranean region, including tries, ensuring border crossing efficiency, Fund umbrella. The project aims at further supporting Afghanistan and planning of the strengthening the OSCE Partnership for 2011 OSCE-Mongolia Conference. Co-operation through in-depth familiariza- Asian Partners for Co-operation: The Secretary General addressed the high- tion with the OSCE mandate and activities Afghanistan, Australia, Japan, Mongolia, level meeting with the Partners organized as well as its practical work to promote their Republic of Korea and Thailand. Greece by the Chairmanship on the eve of the CICA implementation. chaired the Asian Contact Group in Summit, in Istanbul in June. This event con- 2010. stituted the first ministerial-level meeting OSCE engagement with Afghanistan with the Partners for Co-operation held out- In co-ordination with relevant international Mediterranean Partners for side the context of OSCE Ministerial Coun- actors, the Secretariat continued to advance Co-operation : Algeria, Egypt, Israel, cils and discussed ways to enhance security OSCE engagement with Afghanistan, in- Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia. Lithuania and economic co-operation in Eurasia. cluding through supporting intensified in- chaired the Mediterranean Contact Group in 2010. The External Co-operation Section co- volvement of Afghan counterparts in OSCE ordinated and contributed to briefings by activities.

116 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 Partnerships for security and co-operation The Secretary General addressed the contacts with Afghan authorities and sup- Fourth Regional Economic Co-operation porting the participation of Afghan officers Conference on Afghanistan, in Istanbul in in relevant activities. This allowed more November, presenting the important contri- than 60 Afghan border guards and customs bution of the OSCE to international stabili- officials to take part in seminars on forged zation efforts in areas such as strengthening documents, customs and land mines at the border security and cross-border co-oper- border, as well as in the first staff course at ation between Central Asian participating the OSCE Border Management Staff College States and Afghanistan, training of Afghan in Dushanbe. More than 30 Afghan officials law enforcement and customs officers and took part in customs-related projects at the election support. He also attended a meet- OSCE Centre in Bishkek and at the OSCE ing of the Regional Bodies High-Level Core Office in Tajikistan. Preparations for the Group, which co-ordinates the activities and launch of a Patrol Programming and Lead- programmes of various regional organiza- ership project for Tajik and Afghan patrol tions in Afghanistan. officers to be implemented by the Office in The Partnership Fund was used to finance Tajikistan were also made. participation by Afghan representatives Finally, an intensive two-week training on in OSCE activities, particularly on issues Increasing Operational Awareness to Detect related to border management and anti- Forged Documents for 20 Afghan border terrorism, as well as in the Economic and control officers in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, was Environmental Forum and in events held in co-organized by the Action against Terror- the framework of the OSCE Partnership. For ism Unit, the CPC’s Borders Team and the example, ten Afghan participants, including OSCE Border Management Staff College. the Deputy Minister of Interior in Charge of Counter-Narcotics, were sponsored to take part in the workshop on combating illicit crop cultivation and enhancing border security, held in Thailand. The Strategic Police Matters Unit organized four training courses specifically tailored to the needs of the Afghan National Police, which were attended by 56 Afghan officers. Additionally, 35 Afghan police officers attended counter-narcotics training courses in Domodedovo, Russia, at the International Drug Fighting Centre, while a further 35 Afghan police officers attended two simultaneously run counter-narcotics courses at the Police Academy and Drug Control Agency in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. Ten Afghan Police trainers attended a two- week counter-narcotics course at the Police Academy of Kazakhstan, acquiring new skills and knowledge to be passed on to col- leagues in Afghanistan. The Action against Terrorism Unit facilitated Afghan participation in three expert workshops on legal instruments against terrorism, enhancing travel document security (ICAO Public Key Directory) and on strategies, policies and best practices in preventing terrorism. In addition, one Afghan official acted as keynote speaker in a seminar on terrorism prevention in Tashkent. The Borders Team of the Conflict Preven- tion Centre (CPC) contributed to enhancing OSCE engagement with Afghanistan through the ongoing border projects of OSCE field operations in Central Asia, in particular by facilitating and maintaining

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Annexes

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 119

A The OSCE at a glance nnexes

The OSCE is a regional organization focusing on early warning, con- institutions, including a Secretariat, an Office for Free Elections and flict prevention, crisis management and post-conflict rehabilitation a Conflict Prevention Centre. in its area. It often acts behind the scenes, fostering discussions and Recognizing that the CSCE was no longer simply a Conference, defusing tensions before they develop into conflict. participating States agreed at the 1994 Budapest Summit to change Based on the understanding that security touches on many as- its name to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in pects of our lives and how we are governed, the OSCE addresses a Europe. comprehensive range of issues, which it has traditionally grouped In the 21st century, the OSCE’s comprehensive approach to secu- into three areas, or dimensions. The Organization also works cross- rity has increasingly proved useful in tackling new challenges, such dimensionally on issues that require an integrated approach. as the fight against terrorism and combating trafficking in human beings, which defy categorization into any one of the three dimen- Work in the politico-military dimension includes: sions of security. The Organization continues to focus on resolving • facilitating and co-mediating conflict settlement negotiations; protracted conflicts in the former Soviet Union and promoting sta- • fostering arms control and confidence- and security-building bility in the Balkans. measures; • building border-security and -management capacities; In 2010, the OSCE hosted its first Summit in more than a decade, • helping reform military and police forces; and in Astana, Kazahkstan. The Organization also marked the 35th an- • destroying small arms and conventional ammunition and ensur- niversary of the Helsinki Final Act, as well as the 20th anniversary ing safe stockpile management. of the Copenhagen Document, the Bonn Document and the Paris Charter. Work in the economic and environmental dimension includes: • enhancing economic co-operation and good governance; ■■ How the OSCE works • addressing environmental security risks and promoting trans- The OSCE is chaired by one of its participating States, a role that boundary co-operation; and rotates annually. In 2010, Kazakhstan held the Chairmanship. To aid • promoting co-operation on energy security. in long-term planning and foster continuity, Kazakhstan promoted active dialogue between fellow Troika members Greece (2009) and Work in the human dimension includes: Lithuania (2011) and the future Chairmanships of Ireland (2012) and • promoting respect for human rights; Ukraine (2013). • strengthening democratic institutions; The Permanent Council, which meets weekly in Vienna, is the • fostering tolerance and non-discrimination; Organization’s regular body for political consultation and decision- • observing elections; and making. The Forum for Security Co-operation, which is the OSCE’s • promoting minority rights. regular decision-making body for arms control and confidence- and security-building measures, also convenes weekly in Vienna’s The Organization, which is recognized as a regional arrangement Hofburg. under the United Nations Charter, has 56 participating States in Other bodies or forums also play a decision-making role within Europe, North America and Central Asia and approximately 3,000 the Organization: periodic Summits of Heads of State or Govern- staff members in its field operations, specialized Institutions and ment; the annual Ministerial Council; the Economic and Environ- Vienna-based Secretariat. mental Forum; the Annual Security Review Conference; and the Human Dimension Implementation Meeting. There is no Ministe- ■■ History rial Council in years that a Summit is held. The OSCE traces its origins to the early 1970s, when the two-year Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE) For further information: www.osce.org brought together representatives from Eastern and Western countries in Helsinki and Geneva, resulting in agreement on the Helsinki Final Act, signed on 1 August 1975. Following the end of the Cold War, the CSCE took on a new role in managing the historic change taking place in Europe and responding to new security challenges. In the early 1990s, the Con- ference’s work became more structured and it acquired permanent

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 121 Organigram

Summit Periodic meeting of OSCE Heads of State or Government

Ministerial Council Annual meeting of Foreign Ministers (except in years when there is a Summit)

Permanent Council Forum for Security Co-operation Regular body for political Regular decision-making body for arms consultation and decision-making control and confidence- and security- (meets weekly in Vienna) building measures (meets weekly in Vienna)

OSCE Parliamentary Assembly Chairmanship Copenhagen Kazakhstan Troika (2010) Greece, Kazakhstan, Lithuania

Secretary General Secretariat Vienna Prague Office Personal Representatives of the Chairmanship Office for Democratic OSCE Representative on High Commissioner on Institutions and Human Freedom of the Media National Minorities Rights Vienna The Hague Warsaw High-Level Planning Group Preparing for an OSCE Peacekeeping Force for Nagorno-Karabakh

OSCE Field operations

South-Eastern Europe Eastern Europe South Caucasus Central Asia Assistance with Presence in Albania Office in Minsk* Office in Baku Centre in Ashgabat Bilateral Agreements Mission to Bosnia and Mission to Moldova Office in Yerevan Centre in Astana Representative to the Herzegovina Project Co-ordinator in Centre in Bishkek Latvian-Russian Joint Mission in Kosovo Ukraine Office in Tajikistan Commission on Military Mission to Montenegro Project Co-ordinator in * The OSCE has maintained Pensioners Mission to Serbia a presence in Minsk Uzbekistan Spillover Monitor since 1998. The mandate Mission to Skopje of the Office expired on Office in Zagreb 31 December 2010 and was not renewed. * name changed to OSCE Mission to Skopje as of 1 January 2011 OSCE-related bodies

Joint Consultative Group Open Skies Consultative Court of Conciliation and Promotes implementation of CFE Commission Arbitration Treaty Promotes implementation of Geneva (meets regularly in Vienna) Open Skies Treaty (meets regularly in Vienna)

122 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 A OSCE unified budget 2010 by fund nnexes

Fund Euros %

The Secretariat 32,572,700 21.31%

Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) 15,463,200 10.12%

High Commissioner on National Minorities (HCNM) 3,317,500 2.17%

Representative on Freedom of the Media (RFOM) 1,392,600 0.91%

Augmentations 5,251,300 3.44%

Mission in Kosovo 23,546,600 15.40%

Mission to in Bosnia and Herzegovina 15,278,300 10.00%

Office in Zagreb 1,613,400 1.06%

Mission to Serbia 7,932,100 5.19%

Presence in Albania 3,296,200 2.16%

Spillover Monitor Mission to Skopje 8,360,700 5.47%

Mission to Montenegro 2,392,100 1.56%

Mission to Moldova 2,083,900 1.36%

Project Co-ordinator in Ukraine 2,752,300 1.80%

Office in Minsk 1,169,100 0.76%

Representative to the Latvian-Russian JC on Military Pensioners 9,300 0.01%

Office in Yerevan 2,788,900 1.82%

Office in Baku 2,817,900 1.84%

High-Level Planning Group 245,000 0.16%

The Minsk Process 953,300 0.62%

Personal Representative of the CiO - Minsk Conference 1,143,800 0.75%

Centre in Astana 2,188,200 1.43%

Centre in Ashgabat 1,401,700 0.92%

Centre in Bishkek 7,092,300 4.64%

Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan 1,868,300 1.22%

Office in Tajikistan 5,926,200 3.88%

GRAND TOTAL 152,856,900 100.00%

Central Asia Budget 2010 by Institutions and 12.1% Secretariat and Caucasus Regions (PC.DEC/949) Institutions 5.2% 34.5% Eastern Europe 3.9% Central Asia 12.1% Caucasus 5.2% Eastern Europe 3.9% South-Eastern Europe 40.8% Augmentations 3.5% Secretariat and Institutions 34.5% Augmentations 3.5% South-Eastern Europe 40.8%

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 123 OSCE extra-budgetary support

The OSCE works on the basis of a modest unified budget financed through contributions from the participating States. Most of this money goes to field activities, in keeping with the priorities of the OSCE.

The OSCE is committed to being streamlined and effective, and we operate on a zero-growth budget. This means we rely on the generous extra-budgetary contributions of participating States and Partners to finance many of our key initiatives and projects, and to help us to promote the values underpinning the OSCE’s vision of comprehensive and co-operative security.

We would like to take this opportunity to thank our donors. We look forward to continuing our work with you in the years to come.

The Federal Republic of Germany Japan The United States of America The Republic of Korea The Principality of Andorra The Kingdom of Thailand The Republic of Austria The Kingdom of Morocco The Kingdom of Belgium Canada Australian Agency for International Development The Kingdom of Denmark Austrian Development Agency (ADA) The Kingdom of Spain Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) The Republic of Finland Council of Europe The Republic of France European Union Georgia Geneva Centre for Democratic Control of Armed Forces The United Kingdom of Great Britain and (DCAF) Northern Ireland International Labour Organization (ILO) The Hellenic Republic Irish Aid The Republic of Hungary Netrust PTE LTD Ireland Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) The Republic of Iceland Open Society Institute The Italian Republic Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) The Republic of Kazakhstan Statoil The Principality of Liechtenstein United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) The Republic of Lithuania United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) The Principality of Monaco United States Agency for International Development The Kingdom of Norway (USAID) The Kingdom of the Netherlands The Republic of Poland Romania The Republic of San Marino Sweden The Swiss Confederation The Czech Republic The Republic of Turkey

124 / OSCE Annual Report 2010 A OSCE fixed-term staff as of 31 December 2010 nnexes (including staff financed from extra-budgetary contributions)

Nationality Kosovo BiH Skopje Serbia Montrnegro Zagreb Albania Baku Yerevan Minsk Conf Moldova Minsk Ukraine Astana Ashgabat Bishkek Tajikistan Uzbekistan operations Field for Total Secretariat RFOM HCNM ODIHR & Secretariat for Totals I nstitutions GRAND TOTALS Albania 0 0 0 Andorra 0 0 0 Armenia 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 5 Austria 14 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 29 8 1 1 6 16 45 Azerbaijan 1 1 1 1 2 Belarus 2 1 1 4 3 1 3 7 11 Belgium 1 1 2 4 4 6 Bosnia and 9 1 1 1 12 2 1 1 4 16 Herzegovina Bulgaria 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 14 3 3 17 Canada 4 2 1 1 8 8 4 12 20 Croatia 8 1 1 1 11 2 1 3 14 Cyprus 0 0 0 Czech Republic 1 1 1 3 3 3 6 Denmark 1 1 1 1 2 3 Estonia 2 2 1 5 1 1 2 7 Finland 1 1 1 3 2 2 5 France 4 3 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 1 25 10 2 1 4 17 42 the former Yugoslav 5 1 6 2 2 8 Republic of Macedonia Georgia 5 1 1 7 1 1 2 4 11 Germany 10 4 2 3 3 1 1 1 1 6 32 17 1 2 7 27 59 Greece 5 4 1 1 11 2 2 13 Hungary 3 2 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 17 1 1 2 4 21 Holy See 0 0 0 Iceland 1 1 0 1 Ireland 3 3 1 2 1 10 2 1 1 4 14 Italy 16 3 1 1 1 1 24 11 6 17 41 Kazakhstan 1 1 1 1 4 6 1 4 11 15 Kyrgyzstan 1 1 1 1 2 Latvia 1 2 1 4 0 4 Liechtenstein 0 0 0 Lithuania 1 1 1 1 4 3 3 7 Luxembourg 0 2 2 2 Malta 1 1 0 1 Moldova 1 0 1 3 2 8 2 2 4 12 Monaco 0 0 0 Montenegro 1 1 2 0 2 Netherlands 3 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 13 2 2 1 5 18 Norway 1 2 1 3 2 9 1 3 4 13 Poland 5 1 1 1 1 1 10 10 10 20 Portugal 4 2 1 7 1 1 8 Romania 2 3 3 8 1 1 2 10 Russian Federation 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 15 12 1 2 15 30 San Marino 0 0 0 Serbia 1 1 1 3 3 2 5 8 Slovakia 1 3 1 1 6 1 1 2 8 Slovenia 1 1 1 1 4 2 2 6 Spain 10 3 6 1 2 2 1 1 26 9 2 3 14 40 Sweden 4 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 15 4 4 19 Switzerland 1 1 1 1 2 Tajikistan 1 1 2 2 3 Turkey 12 2 5 1 1 3 1 25 6 6 31 Turkmenistan 0 1 1 1 Ukraine 1 1 1 2 5 5 1 6 11 United Kingdom 10 3 4 4 1 2 1 1 2 28 16 1 3 20 48 United States 17 9 4 5 2 4 2 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 55 18 1 3 10 32 87 Uzbekistan 2 1 3 1 1 4 Internationally 167 65 53 38 14 3 21 16 7 6 13 5 4 7 2 35 30 2 488 180 10 21 80 291 779 Recruited Staff Locally Recruited 499 441 140 139 36 17 77 29 45 11 42 9 50 23 17 94 143 17 1829 196 3 11 69 279 2108 Staff Total Number of 666 506 193 177 50 20 98 45 52 17 55 14 54 30 19 129 173 19 2317 376 13 32 149 570 2887 Staff

OSCE Annual Report 2010 / 125 Contact information

Press and Public Information ■■ OSCE Field operations Eastern Europe Central Asia Section OSCE Secretariat South-Eastern Europe OSCE Office in Minsk OSCE Centre in Ashgabat Wallnerstrasse 6 The OSCE has maintained a pres- Turkmenbashy Shayoly 15 1010 Vienna, Austria OSCE Presence in Albania ence in Minsk since 1998. The 744005 Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Tel.: +43 1 514 36 6000 Sheraton Tirana Hotel mandate of the Office expired on Tel.: +993 12 35 30-92 Fax: +43 1 514 36 6996 & Towers, 1st floor 31 December 2010 and was not Fax: +993 12 35 30-41 [email protected] Tirana, Albania renewed. E-mail: [email protected] www.osce.org Tel.: +355 4 235 993 Fax: +355 4 235 994 OSCE Mission to Moldova OSCE Centre in Astana Parliamentary Assembly E-mail: [email protected] Str Mitropolit Dosoftei 108 10 Beibitshilik St. International Secretariat 2012 Chisinau, Moldova Astana 010000 Tordenskjoldsgade 1 OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Tel.: +373 22 887 887/223 495) Kazakhstan 1055 Copenhagen K Herzegovina Fax: +373 22 22 34 96 Tel.: +7 7172 580070 Denmark Fra Andjela Zvizdovica 1 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: + 7 7172 328304 Tel.: +45 33 37 80 40 71000 Sarajevo E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +45 33 37 80 30 Bosnia and Herzegovina OSCE Project Co-ordinator in E-mail: international.secretariat@ Tel.: +387 33 752 100 Ukraine OSCE Centre in Bishkek oscepa.dk Fax: +387 33 442 479 16 Striletska St. 139 Toktogul St. E-mail: [email protected] 01034 Kyiv, Ukraine 720001 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Tel.: +380 44 492 03 82 Tel.: +996 312 66 50 15 ■■ Institutions OSCE Mission in Kosovo Fax: +380 44 492 03 83 Fax: +996 312 66 31 69 OSCE Headquarters E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Office for Democratic 10000 Pristina Institutions and Human Rights Kosovo-UNMIK OSCE Representative to OSCE Office in Tajikistan Ulica Miodowa 10 Tel.: +381 38 240 100 the Latvian-Russian Joint 18a Akhmadi Donish St. 00-251 Warsaw, Poland Fax: +381 38 240 711 Commission on Military 734012 Dushanbe, Tajikistan Tel.: +48 22 520 06 00 E-mail: [email protected] Pensioners Tel: +992 37 226 Fax: +48 22 520 06 05 Weileweg 7 50-14/-15/-16/-17/-18 E-mail: [email protected] OSCE Mission to Montenegro 22417 Hamburg, Germany Fax: +992 37 251 0137 Bulevar Sv. Petra Cetinjskog 1a Tel.: +43 664 464 15 62 E-mail: [email protected] The OSCE High Commissioner 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro Fax: +43 1 514 36 61 24 on National Minorities Tel.: +382 20 40 64 01 E-mail: [email protected] OSCE Project Co-ordinator in Prinsessegracht 22 Fax: + 382 20 40 64 31 Uzbekistan 2514 AP The Hague E-mail: [email protected] Afrosiyob Street 12b, 4th floor South Caucasus The Netherlands 100015 Tashkent Tel.: +31 70 312 55 00 OSCE Mission to Serbia Republic of Uzbekistan Fax: +31 70 363 59 10 Cakorska 1 OSCE Office in Baku Tel.: +998 71 140 04 70 E-mail: [email protected] 11000 Belgrade, Serbia The Landmark III Fax: +998 71 140 04 66/67 Tel: +381 11 36 06 100 96 Nizami St. E-mail: [email protected] The OSCE Representative on Fax: +381 11 36 06 119 Baku, Azerbaijan Freedom of the Media E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +994 12 497 23 73 Wallnerstrasse 6 Fax: +994 12 497 23 77 1010 Vienna, Austria OSCE Spillover Monitor Mission E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +43 1 514 36 68 00 to Skopje* Fax: +43 1 514 36 68 02 Oktomvriska Revolucija bb The Personal Representative of E-mail: [email protected] Hyperium Building the OSCE Chairman-in-Office MK-1000, Skopje on the Conflict Dealt with by the The former Yugoslav Republic of OSCE Minsk Conference Macedonia 4 Freedom Square Tel.: +389 23 23 40 00 GMT Plaza, 1st floor Fax: +389 23 23 42 34 0105 Tbilisi, Georgia E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +995 32 99 87 32 (*name changed to OSCE Mission Fax: +995 32 98 85 66 to Skopje as of 1 January 2011) E-mail: [email protected]

OSCE Office in Zagreb OSCE Office in Yerevan Florijana Andraseca 14 64/1 Sundukyan Str. 10000 Zagreb, Croatia Yerevan 0012 Tel.: +385 1 309 66 20 Armenia Fax: +385 1 309 6621 Tel +374 10 229610-14 E-mail: [email protected] Fax +374 10 229615 E-mail: [email protected]

126 / OSCE Annual Report 2010