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Descarca Revista Est-Vest Volum III, Nr. 4 (10), Serie nouă, septembrie-noiembrie 2015 1 POLIS Revista POLIS ©Facultatea de Ştiinţe Politice şi Administrative Universitatea „Petre Andrei” din Iaşi ISSN 12219762 2 Est-Vest SUMAR EDITORIAL 7 Est-Vest probleme vechi în haine noi Angelo CHIELLI Sabin DRĂGULIN EST-VEST 13 La questione del misticismo: l’accettazione d’una realtà sovrasensibile e di un raccoglimento interiore. Profili comparati tra buddhismo zen, shivaismo, sufismo e mistica cristiana Gianfranco LONGO Sul confine. Letteratura europea tra identità e alterità 47 Leonardo TERRUSI Den Bajazzo ernst nehmen? 61 Ursula OLLENDORF Il caso Kadare e la censura nei paesi comunisti 81 Genti PUKA Il revival dei confini: una crisi di identità (o di crescita) dei 95 princìpi democratici Ivan SCARCELLI Parteneriatul Estic al Uniunii Europene şi limitele procesului de 111 „europenizare” a Estului Gheorghe CIASCAI Falia strategică Marea Neagră-Marea Baltică 119 Gheorghe VĂDUVA Securitatea statelor europene: anomie vs asimetrie in strategii 139 Titel Iulian IOVA Strategii de PR în retorica electorală din Parlamentarele - 2014, 165 Republica Moldova vs „revoluţia crizantemelor”, octombrie 2015 Aurelia PERU-BĂLAN 3 POLIS Regele Mihai între „est” şi „vest”. Percepţii, poziţionări, 191 simboluri Alexandru MURARU INTERVIU 213 Klaus IOHANNIS, Preşedintele României: „În gestionarea oricărei crize sau a oricăror evenimente politice avem doi piloni majori pe care ne putem baza, două repere fundamentale la care ne putem întoarce mereu: cadrul constituţional şi dialogul autentic” VARIA The Electoral Republic of Romania. Arguments about the need 219 for an analysis regarding the Romanian participatory culture Bogdan TEODORESCU Dan SULTĂNESCU România – o economie „planificată” de la distanţă 235 Ion-Lucian CATRINA Alfabetizare politică prin lexic, instituţii şi modele teoretice 251 englezeşti: România în a doua jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea Roxana PATRAŞ The communist censorship and the reception of Dostoevsky in 267 the Romanian literary consciousness Mihai VACARIU Hegel despre intelect, raţiune şi devenire 279 Emanuel COPILAŞ RELAŢII INTERNAŢIONALE ŞI STUDII EUROPENE 297 An empirical application of regional security complex theory on eastern partnership region Ludmila STUPARU Dreptul omului de a fi protejat de stresul negativ excesiv - un 317 nou drept fundamental al omului postmodern, la începutul secolului XXI Mădălina Virginia ANTONESCU Islamizarea generaţiei a doua. De la Europa all-inclusive la 337 jihad Georgeta CONDUR 4 Est-Vest RECENZII 355 Emilia Şercan, Cultul secretului. Mecanismele cenzurii în presa comunistă Ioana Cristea DRĂGULIN Ciprian Niţu, Cosmopolitismul. Către o nouă paradigmă în teoria 359 politică Emanuel COPILAŞ Teodora Prelipcean, Utopia. Imaginarul social între proiecţie şi 363 realitate Cristian BOCANCEA Eric Voegelin, Religiile politice 367 Nicolae DRĂGUŞIN Note despre autori 375 Instrucţiuni pentru autori 383 Instructions to authors 386 5 Est-Vest EDITORIAL Est-Vest probleme vechi în haine noi (The East and the West-old issues in new clothes) Angelo CHIELLI Sabin DRĂGULIN Abstract: The relation between the east and the west continues to be a main cultural, political and social topic. When we refer at this antinomy we think about a spatial opposition, a metaphor and a cultural and a civilizational cleavage. This spatial opposition which we can find in literature, arts, religions, ideologies, politics or mentalities, turns in metaphors and brutal realities. Keywords: East, West, literature, arts, religions, migration, cleavage. Est-Vest, văzut ca dreapta-stân- ştiinţa, dându-i forma propriei sale ga, reprezintă o opoziţie spaţială geometrii stranii. care se transformă încet încet în Atunci, de ce să-l mai plasezi în metafora care sălăşluieşte în suflet, centrul reflecţiilor când este evident un arhetip a cărui geneză nu o mai că nu se poate „cunoaşte”, când pare putem reconstrui. Este vorba de un a fi refractar la orice încercare de a anumit arhetip care rămâne neschim fi conceptualizat. bat în forma sa pură, originală. Isto- Graba istoriei şi presiunea pe ria lucrează asupra sa cu o deosebită care o exercită aceasta asupra vieţii forţă, redefinindu-i neîncetat figura noastre, problemele extraordinare pe care, cu toate acestea, se păstrează intactă, mai mult, îşi multiplică pro- care în aceşti ultimi ani le-a scos pria-i forţă explicativă, propria-i această puternică falie în calea capacitate de producere a invizi- noastră, iată câteva motive, dintre bilului. nenumărate altele, care ies în evi Este imposibil să trasezi o hartă a denţă, după cum afirma Walter locurilor de artă şi ale cunoaşterii în Benjamin „gândirea reluând de la care acesta organizează neobosit început, în mod constant şi circum- stanţial, şi reîntorcându-se la acelaşi 7 POLIS lucru”1. În opoziţia est-vest reuşim, putea-o face o abordare unitară care fără a preciza clar, să descoperim ar rămâne inevitabil dominată, ca în destul de uşor vestul, identificându-l mitul biblic al Turnului Babel, de cu Europa latino-germanică. Nu la multitudinea limbajelor pe care ar fel se petrece cu estul. Acesta apare dori să le organizeze. În cadrul pluralist, în esenţa sa, mobil în acestei viziuni se înscrie seria de graniţele sale, imediat ce ne schim- articole publicate de G.Longo, băm perspectiva din care observăm L.Terrusi şi U.Ollendorf. relaţia dintre Est şi Vest. Eseul lui Longo extinde con- Comunismul reprezintă Estul şi ceptul de Est împingându-l până în coincide, în acest caz, cu Europa extremul orient. Tehnica japoneză a Orientală (în pofida paradoxului că Kintsugi pare a fi metafora perfectă unele dintre cele mai înalte roade, şi în de reprezentare plastică a ceea ce ar bine, şi în rău, ale Europei Occiden- trebui să fie relaţia Orient-Occident. tale îşi găsesc înfăptuirea în cea O unitate care demonstrează, fără as- orientală). Dacă luăm ca element cunziş, diferenţele, mai mult, le pre- diferenţial religia, atunci est-vest coin- zintă ca fiind cel mai preţios dintre cide cu împărţirea Biserica Catolică – elementele alcătuitoare ale întregului. Biserica Ortodoxă (paradoxul, în acest Problema misticismului pe care caz, este că originea gândirii şi a cul- arta kintsugi îl evocă ne trimite la turii occidentale, Grecia, este plasată una dintre interpretările relaţiei în orient). Dar, tot din punct de vedere Orient-Occident cele mai fascinante religios, estul reprezintă islamul, şi şi controversate ale culturii euro- budismul, şi confucianismul. pene: aceea romantică. Neaderând Am putea să reparcurgem la infi- totuşi la această viziune, lucrarea lui nit, ca într-o joacă, aceste topoi. Am Longo demonstrează cum adânca ajunge, însă, la convingerea că nu înclinaţie mistică a religiilor orien- vom reuşi niciodată să obţinem un tale a influenţat cultura occidentală. cadru unitar în interiorul căruia să Literatura este celălalt domeniu putem recompune în mod definitiv privilegiat în care tema noastră este relaţia dintre orient şi occident. interpretată în mod complex şi cu Nu mai rămâne, în crunta luptă rezultate (împliniri) demne de un corp la corp cu obiectul nostru, decât mare interes. Aici relaţia Orient- să ne abandonăm detaliului. Recur- Occident se suprapune cu aceea de gând, încă o dată la cuvintele lui identitate-neidentitate. Walter Benjamin, „împărţirea în Eseul lui Terrusi preia ca exemplu mod capricios în bucăţele nu con- evident de model literar identitar duce la măreţia”2 mozaicului în sine, acela elaborat de E.R.Curtius în în acelaşi fel structura care alcătu- renumita sa lucrare Literatura 3 ieşte acest număr al revistei se europeană şi evul mediu latin . apropie mult mai mult de nucleul Consideraţiile lui Curtius sunt puse în intim al problemei noastre decât ar discuţie, în aceste ultime decenii, de 8 Est-Vest studiile post-coloniale, in primis, de încercării de a defini în abstract lucrările lui E. Said. În mod succesiv, disidentul. O definire a sa nu se poate eseul lui Terrusi se deplasează de la realiza decât în interiorul elucidării a planul strict istoriografic la analiza ceea ce înseamnă arta şi raportul pe unor cazuri literare deosebit de care artistul îl instaurează cu semnificative sau de la prezenţa mecanismul psihologic al auto- lingvistică şi ideologică a figurii lui cenzurării, o problemă pe care, într-o Moro în nuvelistica italiană şi euro- măsură diferită, toţi scriitorii trebuie peană din secolele al XV-lea şi al s-o înfrunte în relaţia dintre artă şi XVI-lea, iar tema Orientului – în 4 puterea politică. Oraşele invizibile ale lui I. Calvino . Argumentul cel mai strict politic Tot asupra domeniul literar se este acela tratat de I. Scarcelli în insistă şi prin lucrarea lui Ollendorf. eseul Revenirea graniţelor: o criză a Autoarea ne readuce în actualitate, identităţii (sau creşterea) princi- exodul dramatic al refugiaţilor care piilor democratice, care analizează ajung în Europa pentru a scăpa de legătura existentă dintre graniţă şi războiul şi persecuţiile politice din ostilitate. Cea din urmă pe care ţările lor. Numărul considerabil al Europa considera că a depăşit-o în- oamenilor implicaţi în acest forţat trutotul, în vreme ce, astăzi, reapare proces migrator şi timpul redus în cu o neobişnuită violenţă, ca urmare care se petrece pun Europa înaintea a valurilor migratoare la care asistăm unei grele probleme de integrare. Ollendorf ne dă un exemplu în aceste ultime luni. Frontierele însemnat de cum – ca în studiul lui J. europene sunt din nou închise şi Hizinga asupra jocului şi a rolului său apărate militar. cultural – folosind operele literare
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