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Károly Pintér Introduction to Britain

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Károly Pintér Introduction to Britain Bölcsészet- és Társadalomtudományi Kar Bölcsészet- és Társadalomtudományi Kar Károly Pintér Bölcsészet- és IntroductionTársadalomtudományi to Britain Kar egyetemi jegyzet ISBN 978-963-308-226-3 Budapest, 2014. 1 Károly Pintér: Introduction to Britain A textbook for students of English 3rd revised edition 2014 2 Table of Contents ELŐSZÓ&.................................................................................................................................................................................&5& INTRODUCTION)...............................................................................................................................................)8& ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS)..............................................................................................................................)10& I.)GEOGRAPHY)OF)BRITAIN)......................................................................................................................)11& 1.&ENGLAND,&GREAT&BRITAIN,&BRITAIN,&UK:&WHAT&IS&THE&DIFFERENCE?&..........................................................&12& The$complicated$political$history$of$the$British$Isles$explained$in$7$steps$.........................................$13& 2.&AN&ISLAND&COUNTRY&..................................................................................................................................................&14& 3.&CLIMATE,&HILLS,&RIVERS&............................................................................................................................................&15& 4.&HOW&UNITED&IS&THE&UNITED&KINGDOM?&...............................................................................................................&17& Devolution:$the$Road$to$Independence?$............................................................................................................$17& North$v.$South$................................................................................................................................................................$19& Key$concepts$...................................................................................................................................................................$20& II.)ENGLAND)...................................................................................................................................................)21& 1.&ENGLISH&V.&BRITISH:&WHEN&TO&USE&WHICH&TERM?&...........................................................................................&22& 2.&ENGLISH&IDENTITY&V.&BRITISH&IDENTITY&...............................................................................................................&23& Milestones$of$English$History$before$the$Act$of$Union$of$1707$in$4$Steps$...........................................$24& 3.&MAIN&REGIONS&OF&ENGLAND:&THE&SOUTH&.............................................................................................................&25& The$SouthNEast$and$London$....................................................................................................................................$25& The$West$Country$........................................................................................................................................................$27& East$Anglia$......................................................................................................................................................................$27& 4.&MAIN&REGIONS&OF&ENGLAND:&THE&MIDLANDS&AND&THE&NORTH&......................................................................&28& The$Midlands$.................................................................................................................................................................$28& The$North$........................................................................................................................................................................$28& 5.&FAMOUS&ENGLISHMEN&................................................................................................................................................&29& Key$concepts$...................................................................................................................................................................$30& Significant$towns$.........................................................................................................................................................$30& III.)SCOTLAND)...............................................................................................................................................)32& 1.&SCOTLAND&V.&ENGLAND&..............................................................................................................................................&33& 2.&REGIONS&OF&SCOTLAND:&LOWLANDS&V.&HIGHLANDS&............................................................................................&34& Brief$History$of$Scotland$in$5$Steps$......................................................................................................................$36& 3.&THE&KIRK&......................................................................................................................................................................&38& 4.&EDUCATION&IN&SCOTLAND&.........................................................................................................................................&39& 5.&DEVOLUTION&AND&POLITICS&IN&SCOTLAND&............................................................................................................&40& 6.&FAMOUS&SCOTS&............................................................................................................................................................&42& Key$Concepts$..................................................................................................................................................................$44& Significant$towns$.........................................................................................................................................................$44& IV.)WALES).......................................................................................................................................................)45& 1.&WALES&V.&ENGLAND&....................................................................................................................................................&46& 2.&REGIONS&OF&WALES&....................................................................................................................................................&46& Brief$History$of$Wales$in$3$Steps$...........................................................................................................................$47& 3.&LANGUAGE&AND&CULTURE&IN&WALES&......................................................................................................................&48& 4.&DEVOLUTION&AND&POLITICS&IN&WALES&...................................................................................................................&50& 5.&FAMOUS&WELSHMEN&..................................................................................................................................................&51& Key$Concepts$..................................................................................................................................................................$52& Significant$towns$.........................................................................................................................................................$52& V.)NORTHERN)IRELAND).............................................................................................................................)53& 3 1.&NORTHERN&IRELAND&V.&GREAT&BRITAIN&................................................................................................................&54& Brief$History$of$Ireland$in$5$Steps$.........................................................................................................................$55& 2.&ORIGINS&OF&THE&NORTHERN&IRISH&CONFLICT&.......................................................................................................&56& 3.&THE&TWO&SIDES&AND&THEIR&ATTITUDES&................................................................................................................&58& 4.&THE&END&OF&THE&CONFLICT&......................................................................................................................................&60& 5.&FAMOUS&NORTHERN&IRISH&AND&CULTURAL&REPRESENTATION&OF&THE&TROUBLES&.......................................&61& Key$concepts$...................................................................................................................................................................$62& Significant$towns$.........................................................................................................................................................$62& VI.)CROWN)AND)PARLIAMENT)................................................................................................................)63& 1.&THE&UNIQUENESS&OF&THE&BRITISH&CONSTITUTIONAL&MONARCHY&...................................................................&64& Brief$History$of$Modern$British$Government$in$4$Steps$..............................................................................$65& 2.&THE&CROWN&.................................................................................................................................................................&66&
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