Ontario History 1914
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Ontario History Scholarly Journal of The Ontario Historical Society Since 1899 Papers and Records [called Ontario History after 1946] Volume XII, 1914 Published by The Ontario Historical Society, 1914 The Ontario Historical Society Established in 1888, the OHS is a non-profit corporation and registered charity; a non- government group bringing together people of all ages, all walks of life and all cultural backgrounds interested in preserving some aspect of Ontario's history. Learn more at www.ontariohistoricalsociety.ca. (lfintarin fiiatnriml finrivty. ; PAPERS VOL. X11. J ‘ ~'r01>2ZoNfo ,— i % PUBLISHED BY THE - 1914 C .1 1% I ! 3 IE‘ 4 (ibntarin fiiatnriral finririg I I Q E I I I PAPERS AND RECORDS VOL. XII. TORONTO PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY 1914 ®ntariu iéistorital. éotietp Legislature of Ontario, (Incorporated by Act of the l April 1st, 1899.) Q : HOME 01‘ THE‘. SOCIETY 3. James Square, Toronto Normal School Building, St. OFFICERS 1913 -1914 HONORARY PRESIDENT of Education, LL. D., M.P.P., Minister The Hon. Robert A. Pyne, M.A., Toronto. PRESIDENT ..London . John Dearness, M.A., . VICE-PRESIDENTS ..Napanee . M. Warner . Clarence ..Toronto . LL.D., D.C.L., F.R.S.O., . Sir Edmund Walker, C.V.O., Afiiiiated Societies. and the Presidents of COUNCILLORS .Ottawa . R. Simpson... Mrs. J. ..Toronto . Stuart Carstairs, B.A. J. .....Toronto F.S.A.Scot. (Edinburgh), Fraser, LL. D., Litt.D., Alexander .Toronto . University) . Wallace, B.A., (MeM3.ster W. S. ..Kingston . F.R.S.C., (Queen’s University) . W. L. Grant, M.A., Thomas . .. St. James Henry Coyne, LL.D., F.R.S.C., . Ex-President 1898———1902. ..Toronto . LL.D., F.R.S.C., . Charles Cannifi James, C‘.M.G., Ex-President 1902-1904. ..Woodstock . Ex-President 1904——1906, . George R. Pattullo, .Victoria, B. C. 1906——1907, . H. 0. Rogers, Ex-President Lt.—Co1. ..Co11ingWooc1 . 1910—1912 . David Williams, Ex-President TREASURER St., Toronto .. 144 St. George . LL.D.,.. C. C. James, C.M.Gr., SECRETARY AND LIBRARIAN Toronto St. James Square, M.A., Normal School Building, A. 13‘. Hunter, CONTENTS. o’ . The Toon Maxwel1—An Owen Settlement in Lambton County, Ont. THE REV. JOHN MORRISON, SARNIA - - - - - - 5 . The U. E. Loyalists of the old Johnstown District. JUDGE H. S. MAC- DONALD, BROCKVILLE - — - — - — - I3 III. The Local History of the Town of Brockville. LT. COL. W. H. COLE. BROCKVILLE - - - — — E — — 38 IV. The War of 181215. J. CASTELL HOPKINS, TORONTO - - - 42 . Reminiscences of the First Settlers in the County of Brant. CHARLES AND JAMES C. THOMAS, BRANTFORD - - - - 58 VI. The Past and Present Fortifications at Kingston. GEO. R. DOLAN. B. A. 72 VII. Reminiscences. MISS AUGUSTA I. GRANT GILKISOII, BRANTFORD - 81 VIII. Capt. Joseph Brant’s Status, etc. MAJOR GORDON J. SMITH, BRANTFORD 89 IX. Chief Smoke Johnson. MISS - EVELYN H. C. JoHNsoN, - - 102 . Influence of the War of 1812. LAWRENCE J. BURPEE, OTTAWA - 114 . Histoiy of the Hospital. Penetanguishene. DR. G. A. MACCALLUM - I21 . The American Indians in Relation to Health. DR. P. H. BRYCE, OTTAWA XIII. Feudalism in Upper Canada. MARJORIE J. F. FRASER, TORONTO - I42 XIV. Bush Life in the Ottawa Valley. JOHN MAY, M. A., FRANKTOWN - 155 XV. The Peter Perry Election. GEO. M. JONES, B. A., TORONTO - - I84 XVI. David Zeisberger and his Delaware Indians. REV. JOHN MORRISON, SARNIA 176 XVII. Tribal Divisions of the Indians of Ontario. THE LATE ALEX. F. CHAMBER- LAIN, M. A., Ph. D. - — . - . I99 XVIII. Bear Customs of the Crees and other Indians. ALANSON SKIHNER — 203 XIX. An Introductory Enquiry in the Study of the Ojibwa Religion. PAUL RADIN 210 XX. A Noted Anthropologist (Dr. A. F. Chamberlain). - - ~ notfassume The Ontario Historical Society does of its contributors. responsibility for the statements “THE TOON O’ MAXWELL"——AN OWEN SETTLEMENT IN LAMBTON COUNTY, ONT. BY THB Rev. Joan Monuusos, Sana; At many points in the world’s history, men have stepped out from the ranks, having some ideal scheme for the reconstruction of society and the betterment of their fe11oW—n1en. Plato, in his “Republic,” declares “any ordinary city, however small, is in fact two cities, one the city of the poor, the other of the rich, at war with one another.” It will be seen by this quotation, he was out of harmony with the social and economic tendencies of the age in which he lived. What was his proposal by which these should be changed! He proposed to alter the lives of the citizens of the state, from the day of birth. In fact, he proposed to go behind that, by declaring that mar- riage and the number of births, as well as the industrial occupations, were to be controlled by the guardians or heads of the state. Of home life, as we understand it, there would be none. Theoretical- ly he advocated “the emancipation of Woman,” and yet maintained that “the woman was part and parcel of the property of man,” therefore, he advocates, “community of wives.” Children were to be taken away from their parents and reared under the supervision of the state. The old nursery tales, “the blasphemoul nonsense (he calls them), with which mothers fool the manhood out of their children,” was to be suppressed. There will be no rich and no poor, therefore no rivalry, for all are to be provided for by the state. He admits there are difficulties to be overcome, but adds by way of a stimulant to any wavering one, “nothing great is easy.” Sir Thomas More’s “Utopia” has many of the characteristics of the “Republic,” as community of goods and labor, and the forbidding the private use of money. He difiers from Plato, however, in maintain- ing the sacredness of the family relation and fidelity to the marriage contract. There was to be no community of wives in Utopia. All meals were to be taken in common and to be rendered attractive by the accom- paniment of sweet strains of music, while the air was to be filled by the most delicate of perfumes, thus adding to the enjoyment of life. HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 6 ONTARIO philan- Robert Owen, an uncrownecl king in the industrial world, socialism, was born in the thropist and founder of the Owen system of in 1771. At the age Village of N ewtown, Montgomeryshire, North Wales, education, and at ten Went to of nine years he had completed his school where he served three or four service in a draper’s shop in Stamford, then went to Manchester and entered the cotton mills. His I years. He ‘ the age of nineteen industrial and executive ability are seen in that, at cotton mill employing five hundred years, he was made manager of a spinner in England. hands, and speedily proved himself the first cotton With Mr. Dale, pro- A business trip to Glasgow brought him in contact he promptly pro- prietor of the New Lanark mills, with whose daughter induced his partners ceeded to fall in love and afterward marry. Owen vi, Twist Company, Cotton (for he was now part owner of the Chorlton Mills, which they did, Mills, Manchester), to buy out the New Lanark and he settled there as manager. that number Here, with about two thousand people, one-quarter of He improved being children, he began his plans for their betterment. quality could their houses, he opened a store where goods of undoubted The sale of drink be purchased by his employees at little over cost price. were was placed under the strictest supervision. Educational facilities in Great provided for the young. He was the founder of infant schools and community Britain. He began to write essays advocating his social report, to the Com- theories, and in 1817 presented his views, in form of a and re- mittee of the House of Commons, on the Poor Law. The essays but port brought him into the eye of the people, not alone in Britain, throughout Europe. Industrial leaders, social reformers, philanthropists, to see and learn. titled men, and even Royalty itself, visited New Lanark his While thus leading a remarkable industrial reform movement, that it paid business enterprises were not allowed to flag, and he proved their children, for to deal as he was doing with his work—people and 7 from his business enterprises he amassed a fortune. was, Like Plato and Sir Thomas More, whose disciple he undoubtedly his ideal imbibing some of the principles of each system, he outlined hun- community. He recommended that communities of about twelve of from one dred persons each, should be settled on quantities of land, building in the thousand to fifteen hundred acres, all living in one large Each family form of a square, with public kitchen and dining room. care of the chil- should have its own private apartments, and the entire brought up by the ,dren till the age of three, after which they should be meals and community, their parents, however, having access to them at results should all other proper times. Work and the employment of its “THE TOON O’ 1\[.‘\XWELL.”_. be in common. These communities might be established by individuals, ‘ parishes, counties or the state itself. A At this time he had gained the ear of the country, and onerof his warmest friends and supporters was the Duke of Kent, father of Queen Victoria. He had the prospect before him of becoming one of the great- est of social reformers and World benefactors, for in his personal char- acter then, and to the end of his life, he was above reproach. Unfortun- ately, in the heyday of his grip of the national heart strings, he began to advocate a very lax view of marriage, which gave ofiense to many and alienated them from him.