Robin Hopkins lab, Harvard University

Asterids Eudicots (Tricolpates) “Basal eudicots”

Rosids Asterids Asterids Asterids Core asterids

Lamiids Campanulids Asterids - Lamiids Asterids Core asterids

Lamiids Campanulids Asterids - Lamiids

Asterids Solanales

Solanaceae Solanales

Solanaceae, Convolvulaceae (morning-glory) Solanaceae

Solanum nigrum Solanum crispum Nicoana alata black nightshade Chilean potato vine jasmine tobacco

Nicoana aenuata Petunia culvar Brugmansia arborea coyote tobacco petunia angel’s trumpet Solanaceae

Solanum tuberosum Capsicum annuum Physalis philadelphica potato chili and bell peppers tomallo

Solanum lycopersicum Solanum melongena Nicoana tabacum tomato eggplant tobacco Solanaceae

corolla usually acnomorphic or weakly zygomorphic Solanaceae

corolla gamopetalous stamens epipetalous ovary superior Solanaceae

fruit: berry or capsule Genus Solanum

connivent anthers with poricidal dehiscence Solanaceae

nicone

atropine Nicoana tabacum Atropa belladonna tobacco deadly nightshade alkaloids Boraginales

Boraginaceae Boraginaceae

Myosos scorpioides Amsinckia menziesii Hydrophyllum capitatum forget-me-not fiddleneck ballhead waterleaf

Mertensia oblongifolia Hackelia patens Phacelia sericea sagebrush bluebells spoed sckseed silky phacelia Boraginaceae

Chase et al., 1993 Boraginaceae

hispid hairs Boraginaceae

inflorescence: scorpioid cyme (coiled, one-sided) Boraginaceae

subfamily Boraginoideae corolla oen with corona (fornices) stamens included ovary 4-lobed Boraginaceae

subfamily Hydrophylloideae stamens oen exserted ovary unlobed Boraginaceae

fruit: schizocarp, forming 4 nutlets (Boraginoideae) or capsule (Hydrophylloideae) Genanales

Apocynaceae Genanales

Apocynaceae, Rubiaceae (coffee), Genanaceae (genan) Apocynaceae

Asclepias speciosa Apocynum cannabinum Catharanthus roseus showy milkweed dogbane Madagascar periwinkle

Asclepias curassavica Vinca minor Plumeria rubra tropical milkweed periwinkle frangipani Apocynaceae

Asclepiadaceae

Apocynaceae sensu stricto

Civeyrel et al., 1998 Apocynaceae

leaves opposite, milky latex Apocynaceae

corolla acnomorphic, petals oen contorted Apocynaceae

stylar head ovaries free, pisl fused above ovary Apocynaceae

fruit: follicles, berries, or drupes Subfamily Asclepiadoideae

corona derived from stamens gynostegium (structure formed by fusion of stamens and stylar head) pollinia Plant Reproducon Asexual - Vegetave Reproducon

rhizomes stolons stems roong

bulblets bulbils bulbils Asexual - Agamospermy