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Solanum (Lilek)

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Solanum (Lilek) Solanum (Lilek) čeleď: Solanaceae Existuje více naž 1000 druhů pocházejících z celé zeměkoule. Povrch bývá jemně chlupatý, občas i pokrytý ostny včetně listů. Plodem jsou bobule různých průměrů a barev. Většinou jsou ale jedovaté. Vyhovuje jim především pískovitá nebo štěrkovitá půdu rumišť, skládek, okrajů cest atp. a plné slunce. Solanum abancayense Solanum abitaguense Solanum abutilifolium synonyma: S. canaminense Solanum abutiloides synonyma: S. hibiscifolium Solanum acanthodes synonyma: S. vanheurckii Solanum acaule synonyma: S. acaule subsp. punae, S. acaule var. caulescens, S. acaule var. checcae, S. acaule var. punae, S. acaule var. subexinterruptum, S. depexum, S. depexum var. chorruense, S. marinum, S. punae, S. schreiteri, S. uyunense Solanum accrescens Solanum acerifolium synonyma: S. arcuatum, S. hastatum, S. quinquangulare Solanum acroglossum synonyma: S. paucissectum Solanum acroscopicum Solanum actaeibotrys synonyma: S. vulpinum Solanum actinocalyx Solanum aculeastrum Solanum aculeatissimum Solanum aculeolatum Solanum acuminatum synonyma: S. hypomicropogon, S. pearcei Solanum adhaerens synonyma: S. donnell-smithii, S. enoplocalyx, S. humboldti, S. purulense Solanum adscendens synonyma: Salpichroa wrightii, S. deflexum, S. setosum oblasti: Arizona, J USA, JZ USA, Maryland, Severní Amerika, Střední Severní Amerika, Texas, USA , V USA Solanum adspersum Solanum aemulans synonyma: S. acaule subsp. aemulans, S. acaule var. aemulans Solanum aenictum Solanum aethiopicum (Lilek etiopský) synonyma: S. gilo, S. integrifolium, S. texense, S. undatum oblasti: Afrika Pochází z Afriky. Kvete bílými květy s nápadným prašníkovým válečkem. Plodem je 3 - 11tičetný hrozen, vlastní plody jsou zelené až oranžové (i bílé), zploštěle kulovité velikosti ping-pongových míčků nebo i eliptické a mohou být žebernaté. Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Turkish Orange' - plody kulaté o průměru 10cm v barvě zelené až oranžové s pruhy Solanum affine synonyma: S. micans Solanum agrarium synonyma: S. argillicolum Solanum agrimoniifolium Solanum ahanhuiri synonyma: S. x ajanhuiri var. azul Solanum ajanhuiri Solanum alandiae synonyma: Capnodes crystallinum, S. torrecillasense Solanum alatirameum Solanum alatum (Lilek křídlatý) oblasti: Andalusie, Asie, Česká republika, Evropa, Iberský poloostrov, Írán, J Španělsko, JZ Asie, JZ Evropa, Střední Evropa, Španělsko Patří mezi jednoletky. Dorůstá výšky (15 -) 30 - 40 (i 60)cm. Povrch je řídce víceméně přitiskle ochlupený. Lodyha je křídlatě hranatá, hrana navíc zubatá či hrbolatá. Listy jsou střídavé, dlouhé 5cm a široké 3cm. Květy mají kalich velikosti 1,5 - 2,5mm a bílou korunu o průměru 0,8 - 1,2 (i 1,4)cm. Plodem je červenooranžová bobule. Vyhovují mu vinice, skládky, atp. Solanum albescens synonyma: Poecilochroma albescens, Solanocharis albescens Solanum albicans synonyma: S. acaule subsp. albicans, S. acaule var. albicans Solanum albidum synonyma: S. albidum var. poortmanii, S. incanum, S. macrophyllum, S. mandonii var. carabayense, S. mandonis, S. mandonis subsp. carabayense, S. mandonis var. dryophyllum, S. mandonis var. tardecalvescens, S. paniculatum var. chulumani Solanum albornozii Solanum aligerum synonyma: S. grossum, S. manicatum, S. paraneurotrichum, S. pterocladum Solanum allophyllum synonyma: Bassovia ellipsoideibaccatum, Pionandra allophylla, S. ellipsoideibaccatum, S. ellipsoideibaccatum var. ficilobum Solanum aloysiifolium synonyma: S. bermejense, S. cymosum, S. filiforme var. lanceolatum, S. filiforme var. subdentatum, S. lorentzii, S. lorentzii var. tucumanicum, S. melanostictocarpum, S. oligodontum, S. soriae, S. zahlbruckneri Solanum altissimum Solanum amayanum Solanum amblophyllum synonyma: S. hypostichopogon Solanum ambosinum synonyma: S. coelestispetalum Solanum americanum (Lilek americký) synonyma: S. adventitium, S. amarantoides, S. americanum var. nodiflorum, S. caribaeum, S. curtipes, S. depilatum, S. diodontum, S. ganchouenense, S. gollmeri, S. humile, S. imerinense, S. inconspicuum, S. indecorum, S. inops, S. macrotonum, S. minutibaccatum, S. minutibaccatum var. curtipedunculatum, S. nigrum, S. nigrum var. americanum, S. nigrum var. atriplicifolium, S. nigrum var. dillenii, S. nigrum var. minor, S. nigrum var. nodiflorum, S. nigrum var. pauciflorum, S. nigrum var. virginicum, S. nodiflorum, S. nodiflorum var. acuminatum, S. nodiflorum var. macrophyllum, S. nodiflorum var. petiolastrum, S. nodiflorum var. puberulum, S. nodiflorum var. sapucayense, S. oleraceum, S. paredesii, S. parviflorum, S. photeinocarpum, S. pterocaulon, S. ptychanthum, S. purpuratum, S. quadrangulare, S. sciaphilum, S. tenellum, S. triangulare oblasti: Afrika, Alabama, Albánie, Alberta, Aljaška, Alžírsko, Americké Panenské ostrovy, Andalusie, Arizona, Arménie, Asie, Azory, Baleáry, Balkánský poloostrov, Belgie, Bělorusko, Britská Kolumbie, Bulharsko, Chorvatsko, Česká republika, Dánsko, Egypt, Estonsko, Evropa, Finsko, Florida, Francie , Georgia, Gruzie, Havajské ostrovy, Iberský poloostrov, Írán, Irsko, Itálie, Izrael, J Evropa, J Španělsko, J USA, Jižní Amerika, Jižní Karolína, Jordánsko, Jugoslávie, JV Evropa, JV USA, JZ Asie, JZ Evropa, JZ USA, Kalifornie, Kanada, Kanárské ostrovy, Kansas, Karibik, Katalánsko, Kazachstán, Kolorado, Korsika, Kréta, Krym, Kypr, Libanon, Libye, Litva, Lotyšsko, Louisiana, Lucembursko, Maďarsko, Madeira, Maine, Makaronésie, Makedonie, Malé Antily, Malta, Manitoba, Maroko, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Moldávie, Německo, Nevada, New Hampshire, New York, Newfoundland, Newfoundland a Labrador, Nizozemí, Norsko, Nové Mexiko, Nové Skotsko, Ontario, Oregon, Panenské ostrovy, Polsko, Portoriko, Portugalsko, Quebec, Řecko, Rumunsko, Rusko, S Afrika, S Asie, S Evropa, S Severní Amerika, Sardínie, Severní Amerika, Sicílie, Sinajský poloostrov, Skandinávie, Slovinsko, Střední Amerika, Střední Asie, Střední Evropa, Střední Kanada, Střední Severní Amerika, Střední středozemí, Střední USA, Středozemí, SV Afrika, SV Španělsko, SV USA, Sýrie, SZ Afrika, SZ Evropa, SZ Severní Amerika, SZ USA, Španělsko, Švédsko, Švýcarsko, Texas, Tichý oceán, Tunisko, Turecko, USA, V Asie, V Evropa, V Kanada, V Středozemí, V USA, Velká Británie, Velké Antily, Virginie, Washington, Z Asie, Z Evropa, Z Kanada, Z Rusko, Z Středozemí, Z USA Roste v Evropě, severní Africe, západní, jižní a východní Asii. Patří mezi jednoletky. Dorůstá výšky (10 -) 15 - 50 (i 70)cm. Lodyha je větvená a řídce pokrytá drobnými chloupky. Střídavé listy jsou kopinaté až vejčité, barvy tmavězelené, se zašpičatěním, celokrajné až hluboce laločnaté s pilovým a zvlněným okrajem, dlouhé 6cm a široké 5cm. Kvete bílými kvítky se žlutými prašníky v chudých hroznech, kalich má velikost 2 - 3,5mm a koruna má průměr 0,5 - 1,2cm. Plodem je jedovatá kulatá bobule průměru 7 - 8mm barvy tmavě fialové až černé. Semena mají délku do 1,5mm. Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - var. guineense - listy se využívají jako špenát - subsp. nigrum - subsp. nutans - subsp. villosum Vyhovují mu rumiště, komposty, hlinité půdy a teplo. Solanum amethystinum synonyma: S. nigrum var. amethystinum Solanum amnicola Solanum amotapense synonyma: Cyphomandra amotapensis Solanum amygdalifolium synonyma: S. angustifolium, S. angustifolium var. macrophyllum, S. brittonianum, S. handelianum, S. persicifolium Solanum anceps synonyma: S. aubletii, S. conjungens, S. richardii Solanum andersonii Solanum andreanum synonyma: S. baezense, S. cyanophyllum, S. pichinchense, S. serratoris, S. suffrutescens Solanum andrieuxi Solanum anematophilum Solanum anguivi synonyma: S. indicum, S. indicum var. lividum, S. indicum var. maroanum, S. lividum, S. sodomeum oblasti: Afrika, Baleáry, Evropa, Iberský poloostrov, JZ Evropa, Korsika, Malta, Maroko, Střední středozemí, Středozemí, SZ Afrika, Španělsko, Z Středozemí Pochází z Afriky. Solanum angustialatum Solanum angustifidum synonyma: S. jasminifolium Solanum angustifolium synonyma: Nycterium cornutum, S. angurium, S. cornutum, S. heudesii, S. macroscolum Solanum annuum synonyma: S. micrantherum Solanum anoacanthum Solanum antacochense Solanum apaporanum Solanum aparadense Solanum aphyodendron synonyma: S. anonaefolium, S. antillarum, S. micranthum, S. nudum, S. nudum var. micranthum, S. parcebarbatum, S. parcebarbatum var. minorfrons, S. supranitidum, S. tovarense Solanum apiahyense Solanum appendiculatum synonyma: S. connatum, S. galeotti, S. inscendens, S. ovandense Solanum appressum Solanum aracc-papa Solanum arboreum synonyma: S. enchylozum, S. ripivagum Solanum arcanum synonyma: Lycopersicon peruvianum var. humifusum Solanum arenarium synonyma: S. chloranthum, S. sprengelii Solanum argenteum synonyma: S. bifidum, S. bifidum var. grandifolium, S. celsum, S. citrifolium, S. lepidotum, S. oblitum Solanum argentinum synonyma: S. argentinum var. chroniotrichum, S. cervantesii, S. chroniotrichum Solanum ariduphilum Solanum armentalis Solanum asiae-mediae oblasti: Asie, Írán, JZ Asie Solanum asperolanatum synonyma: S. asperum, S. hispidum, S. lanatum, S. phaeophyllum, S. rusbyi, S. sassafrideum, S. stellatum Solanum asperum synonyma: S. clathratum, S. radula, S. salviifolium Solanum asteropilodes Solanum atitlanum Solanum atropurpureum synonyma: S. atropurpureum var. diaphanadenium, S. atropurpureum var. ochrochlorum, S. vernicatum Solanum aturense synonyma: S. asperrimum, S. secundum, S. setulosum, S. siparunoides Solanum augusti Solanum aureum synonyma: S. aureum var. latelanceolatum, S. aureum var. riobambense, S. clematideum Solanum aviculare oblasti: Havajské ostrovy, JZ USA, Kalifornie, Oregon, Severní Amerika,
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