DOCSLIB.ORG

Oslerlibrary Newsletter

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Oslerlibrary Newsletter L OSLER LIBRARY NEWSLETTER McGILL UNIVERSITY, MONTREAL, CANADA No. 23 - OCTOBER 1976 One of the treasured possessions of the Osler Library is the set of portraits of Linacre, Harvey, and Syden- THE LINACRE, HARVEY, AND ham which once adorned William Osler's library first SYDENHAM TRIPTYCH in Baltimore and later in Oxford. At the request of the Editorial Committee Dr. A.H.T. Robb-Smith has traced the history of this triptych and the results of his research are published in this Newsletter. N THE OSLER LIBRARY AT McGill University portraits of Thomas Linacre, William Harvey, they might be copied as a birthday present tor her husband. and Thomas Sydenham hang in So it was that the 'triptych' came to adorn Osler's libraries a triple frame. Their history goes in Baltimore and Oxford, "for though his teacher Burdon back a century to December 19, 1876 when Dr. Samuel W. Gross, Sanderson came between, it would almost seem as though son of Dr. S.D. Gross the doyen Acland had knowingly handed on an emblem of the Regius of American surgeons, married Professorship to the man destined, in the whirligig of time and place, to become his successor"3. These are the por- Miss Grace Revere. Five years later the young couple repre- sented the elder Dr. Gross at the Seventh International traits that hang in the Osler Library at McGill University and we can only add a little to their history and that of the Medical Congress in London and were feted everywhere, staying in London with the President, Sir James Paget, in originals from which they were derived. his Regent's Park house, and attending a dinner at which It has been suggested that the idea of this triumvirate came were present the Prince and Princess of Wales and their .from Dr. Richard Quain's proposal that three niches in the nephew, the future German Emperor. After the Congress portico of the Pall Mall building of the Royal College of was over they were received in Oxford by the Regius Pro- Physicians of London should be filled with statues of Linacre, fessor, Dr. Henry Acland, and in later years, when Mrs. Harvey, and Sydenham. These were carved by Henry Weekes Gross had become Mrs. Osler, she would recall the Acland and put in position in 1876, but the evidence would suggest home at 39 Broad Street (the New Bodleian Library now that Acland's portraits preceded this and were more likely occupies the site) with its long entrance passage, cluttered an act of filial piety to the college which had elected him a with statues and knick-knacks, leading to the dining room fellow in 1842, for Linacre and. Sydenham had both been and the two libraries. Benjamin Woodward, the architect of fellows of All Souls, while Harvey had been Warden of Mer- the Oxford Museum, had designed the larger library with its ton College, to which the Linacre lecturers were attached. gasoliers and tall bookcases up to the beamed ceiling. Pic- It would take too long in this article to describe in detail tures, plaster casts, curios and papers were scattered every- the originals from which Acland's portraits were derived where so that it was hard to find anywhere to sit down. but a full account has been deposited in the Osler Library. There was a massive fireplace devised by Ruskin and carved It must suffice here to state that the Linacre is a copy of a by Jack O'Shea, Woodward's artistic Irish mason, while high portrait in Windsor Castle which has been in the Royal above it hung the portraits of Linacre, S'ydenham, and Collection since early in the seventeenth century, but it was Harvey in a triple frame with their names and dates below not until 1734 that it was acclaimed .lSa representation by and on the frame above "Literae, Praxis, Scientia." There is Quentin Matsys of Thomas Linacre, though modern art a photograph of the Library in J.B. Atlay's memoir of critics question both attributions. The portrait of Thomas Henry Aclandl and of the portraits in A.W. Franklin's Sydenham is based on an engraving by Jakob Houbraken "Osler transmitted - A study in humanism"2 . of a lost painting said to have been by Sir Peter Lely and formerly in the possession of John Sydenham, the physi- In 1894 it was young Professor Osler from Johns Hopkins cian's grandson. The Harvey is certainly derived from the and his wife who were calling on Sir Henry Acland, now so-called official portrait in the Royal College of Physicians nearly 80. It was Osler'sJirst visit to Oxford. He had come which was formerly attributed to Cornelius Johnson (jans- to England to attend the Bristol meeting of the British Medical Association as well as that of the British Association sen) but is now considered to be by some unknown artist and perhaps painted posthumously. It will be convenient to for the Advancement of Science. On entering Sir Henry trace the history of the Acland portraits first and then turn Acland's library he looked up at the portraits in the triple to the copies made for the Osiers. frame that his wife had seen about a dozen years before and exclaimed with delight. Indeed he made such a to-do Sir Henry Acland died on October 16th, 1900, at the age about them that Mrs. Osler subsequently asked Sir Henry if of 85, but his affairs had long been in order and in a codicil The historiated letter on this page is from Realdo Colombo, De re anatomica libri XV (Venetiis: Ex typographia Nicolai Brevilacquae, 1559; BibL Oslo 897). ;- 2 to his will, dated March 14th,. 1893, he bequeathed to the Pepper, as Osler recalled, had been well grounded in morbid University of Oxford, an astronomical clock, John Hunter's anatomy in which he made some important contributions chair, and "The portraits of Sydenham, Linacre and Harvey but initially he had little interest in clinical pathology, in one frame to be kept in the room at the Museum of the though he did provide two small laboratories, primarily in- Regius Professor of Medicine." Osler, as the RegiusProfes- tended for chemical tests, under the new lecture theatre sor, inherited this room. He wrote in 1905 "I have very which was built in 1872 for the Philadelphia University nice official rooms at the Museum, with two laboratory Hospital. It was Osler's arrival in 1884 that turned one of rooms attached, ... .4 It was there that he found the three these rooms into a clinical research laboratory with "an portraits which had thrilled him on his fIrst visit to Oxford atmosphere so encouraging and helpful that young fellows eleven years before. Appropriately Dr. T.D. Acland, Sir trooped to his side"? Ten years later Dr. Pepper, now Henry's son, in his contribution on "The Oxford University Provost of the University, proposed the creation of a Lab- Museum" in the Festschrift for Osler's 70th birthday wrote oratory of Clinical Medicine - in fact clinical research - in "Literae - Scientia - Praxis. So runs the legend inscribed memory of his father and to the design of Dr. John Shaw beneath the portraits of three distinguished sons of Oxford Billings, at that time Director of the Hospital as well as in the Regius professor's room at the University Museum. Professor of Hygiene. The portraits were a legacy from Sir Henry Acland ... ."5 Osler would certainly have heard of these proposals when But it is curious that neither Sir Henry in his will nor Dr. Acland in this article were concerned as to the correct order he delivered his address 'The Leaven of Science' at the open- ing of the Wistar Institute of Anatomy in Philadelphia on in which the portraits were arranged in the frame. May 21, 1894, and so it is not surprising that when he saw, In 1954 the Regius Professor relinquished the last of his only two months later, Sir Henry Acland's triptych of the rooms in the Museum for which Sir Henry Acland had three physicians - scholar, clinician, and experimentalist - fought so hard a century before. Two years later Sir George he felt it would form an ideal emblem for what was to be Pickering became the fIrst Regius, since Osler, to reside in the first clinical research laboratory to be built in the United 13 Norham Gardens. Acland's triptych was moved to 13 States; so it was that two copies of the Acland triptych Norham Gardens where it now hangs in the Regius Profes- were made, one for Osler himself and one for the Pepper sor's offIce over the maple wood mantelpiece made from Laboratory. doors in Dr. S.D. Gross' home in Philadelphia and brought by the OsIers to Baltimore and thence to Oxford. This Despite a thorough search of the Pepper manuscripts, it has office was formerly Lady Osler's drawing room and her not been possible to determine when the portraits were re- carpet is still on the floor. ceived in Philadelphia, but it must have been sometime in 1896, as on January 13th, 1897, Osler was answering Reverting to Osler's visit to Oxford in 1894, he and his Pepper's enquiry as to their provenance. He wrote "Drum- wife were back in Baltimore by October 1st and on Novem- mond has sent me word with reference to the pictures. The ber 14th, Osler was writing to Sir Henry Acland "If the Linacre was copied from the painting by Holbein; Sydenham Artist has finished copying the portraits would you kindly from the one by Sir Peter Lely; Harvey from the painting ask him to have them framed and lettered and then care- by Cornelius Jansen [Janssen] in the C~llege ofPhysicians"g.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 3Jrktish Tdtmw4 ,#Ttuttml the JOURNAL of the BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
    [ TinE BRITI8e DEC. 2?, 1907.] [MEDICAL JOURNAL THE 3jrktish tdtMw4 ,#ttuttmL THE JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. EDITED BY DAWSON WILLIAMS, M.D. ASSISTED BY CHARLES LOUIS TAYLOR. VOLUME II 1907. JUJLY TO 3DECE:MBEI. Jtntiaun: PRINTED AND PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICE OF THE BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 6, CATHERINE STREET, STRAND, W.C. r Tu Dam= DEC. 28; 1q07.] [MUDICAL Jo-RXAs 3 INDEX TO VOLUME II FOR 1907. A. on, 40* definition of " workman," 61 ; indus- Alopecia areata, removed from list of trial diseases, 121; duties of medical men diseases which came under law relating to Abdominal aorta, case of aneurysm of (T. under the Act,121; epileptics and, 167; Home epidemics in the schools of Paris, 141; Garnet S. Leary, with note on patholog cal Becretary cancels all existing appoint- treatment of, 491 appearance by Constance Ellis), 714 ments as medical referee, 220; medical Alsace-Lorraine, small-pox in, 771 Abdominal cavity, gauze five months in, 44 referees under; 237, 1022; note on, 766; AlvareD9a Prize awarded to W. Lewis Chap- Abdominal hysterectomy. See Hysterectomy domestic servants and, 942,1022; hospital man, 1265 Abdominal ineisions, direction of (L. Ernest nurses, 1109; district medical officers, 110J; Amateur in drugs. See Drugs Maylard), 895; correspondence on, 1105, county court case, 1469; cases, 1626, 1751; Ambiguous reactions in sugar testing 1280, 1466 medical fees in, 1i34 (Stephen G. Longworth), 19 Abdominal operations. care of the patient Acts, Inebriates, report of inspector under, Ambulance, metropolitan street, 854,1607,1841; during serious (H. Bellamy Gardner), 14 1083 leading article on, 1607; city of London Abdominal operations, success in (J.
    [Show full text]
  • The Canterbury Association
    The Canterbury Association (1848-1852): A Study of Its Members’ Connections By the Reverend Michael Blain Note: This is a revised edition prepared during 2019, of material included in the book published in 2000 by the archives committee of the Anglican diocese of Christchurch to mark the 150th anniversary of the Canterbury settlement. In 1850 the first Canterbury Association ships sailed into the new settlement of Lyttelton, New Zealand. From that fulcrum year I have examined the lives of the eighty-four members of the Canterbury Association. Backwards into their origins, and forwards in their subsequent careers. I looked for connections. The story of the Association’s plans and the settlement of colonial Canterbury has been told often enough. (For instance, see A History of Canterbury volume 1, pp135-233, edited James Hight and CR Straubel.) Names and titles of many of these men still feature in the Canterbury landscape as mountains, lakes, and rivers. But who were the people? What brought these eighty-four together between the initial meeting on 27 March 1848 and the close of their operations in September 1852? What were the connections between them? In November 1847 Edward Gibbon Wakefield had convinced an idealistic young Irishman John Robert Godley that in partnership they could put together the best of all emigration plans. Wakefield’s experience, and Godley’s contacts brought together an association to promote a special colony in New Zealand, an English society free of industrial slums and revolutionary spirit, an ideal English society sustained by an ideal church of England. Each member of these eighty-four members has his biographical entry.
    [Show full text]
  • Sudan Studies Was Originally Distributed in Hard Copy to Members of the Sudan Studies Society of the United Kingdom
    This edition of Sudan Studies was originally distributed in hard copy to members of the Sudan Studies Society of the United Kingdom. SSSUK now makes it freely available subject to licence and cordially invites readers to join the Society (see www.sssuk.org). SUDAN STUDIES: Number 29 (June 2002) Sudan Studies content by Sudan Studies editors and writers is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported Licence. SUDAN STUDIES Number 29 June 2002 ISSN – [0952-049X] CONTENTS Editorial 1 Conference Announcement 2 Water Resources under Pressure in Urban Sudan with particular reference to Khartoum North - Samir M.A. Alredaisy and H.R. Jack Davies 3 History of Somali Communities since the First World War -Mahasin el-Safi 19 Recruitment to the Sudan Medical Service, 1899-1938: Some Speculations based on the Use of Social Network Analysis - Simon Mollan 35 Notes and news 55 Review - M.W. Daly 62 Registered Charity No. 328272 1 This edition of Sudan Studies was originally distributed in hard copy to members of the Sudan Studies Society of the United Kingdom. SSSUK now makes it freely available subject to licence and cordially invites readers to join the Society (see www.sssuk.org). SUDAN STUDIES: Number 29 (June 2002) Sudan Studies content by Sudan Studies editors and writers is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported Licence. SUDAN STUDIES SOCIETY - UK The Sudan Studies Society - UK was founded in 1987 to encourage and promote Sudanese studies in the United Kingdom and abroad, at all levels and in all disciplines.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancestor§ Arm§
    A BOOK OF ANCESTOR§ AND ARM§ by MARY EMILY LACY ''Laudemus viros gloriosus, et parentes nostros in generatione sua." ,,.,,.,.,,,.,.,,rv.~~~~~ PRIVATELY PRINTED DECEMBER 1936 Printed in England at The Kynoch Press Birmingham PREFACE THE ORIGIN of this little Memoir is as follows: For several years I had taken a lively interest in the history of the families from whom I claimed descent, and had gradually accumulated a large number of notes on subjects relating to them, with_ a vague idea of turning these notes to account at some future period. Time and opportunity were, however, lacking, and it was not until the autumn of 1932 that this book was at length begun. At the outset it became evident that the notes already collected were of too fragmentary a character to be satisfactorily woven into a consecutive narrative, even when combined with matter drawn from documents in the possession of the writer, and from a Book of Events kept by her for over half a century. A large amount of additional information was needed, and this information was to a great extent acquired through diligent research in the Reading Room of the British Museum, and in the Public Libraries of London. Even so a considerable number of blanks remained, only possible to be filled in by help from without, and this help was most willingly rendered in nearly every instance-when sought-not only by kinsfolk and friends but also by those personally unknown to me. My grateful thanks are due to my cousins, Mrs. Dacre Lacy and Miss Gertrude Lacy, for the loan of books and papers throwing light on the association of the Lacys of Great Y ar­ mouth with the counties of Northumberland and Cumberland, and, later on, with the Island of Guernsey, and to Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Die Vierte Dimension Wissensdiskurse Und Imagination in Alan Moores Und Eddie Campbells »From Hell«
    Die vierte Dimension Wissensdiskurse und Imagination in Alan Moores und Eddie Campbells »From Hell« Joachim Trinkwitz Der umfangreiche Comic From Hell der Briten Alan Moore und Eddie Campbell, in unter- schiedlicher Form seriell erschienen in den Jahren 1989 bis 1998 und in Buchform gesam- melt erstmals 1999,1 spielt hauptsächlich im Herbst des Jahres 1888, als der unter dem Namen »Jack the Ripper« bekannt gewordene Serienmörder im Londoner Stadtteil White- chapel wahrscheinlich fünf Frauen auf bestialische Weise ums Leben brachte – die Identität des Täters ist bis heute nicht geklärt, nicht einmal die genaue Zahl seiner Opfer ist sichergestellt.2 Der für Idee und Text stehende Moore schließt sich einer historisch schnell widerlegten These an, die den Täter als William Gull, Leibarzt Königin Victorias, identifiziert und das Königshaus selbst als Auftraggeber mit in die Morde involviert sieht3. Dabei ist sich Moore, wie ein extensiver Anmerkungsapparat zum Comic (Appendix I) klarmacht, über die töner- nen Füße seiner Quelle durchaus im Klaren; sie erlaubt ihm hingegen, anhand der Figur eines Wissenschaftlers und der Gegenüberstellung unterschiedlicher Wissensdiskurse den Gegensatz von Fakten und Fiktion zu thematisieren. Das Werden eines Wissenschaftlergeistes Sir William Withey Gull (1816–1890), die historische Persönlichkeit, auf welcher der Pro- tagonist von From Hell basiert, war eine bedeutende Figur der englischen Medi- zingeschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Nach dem Studium der Physiologie, vergleichenden Anatomie, Medizin und Chirurgie an der University of London nahm Gulls akademische Karriere einen steilen Verlauf. Schon vor seiner mit der Goldmedaille ausgezeichneten Dis- sertation führte sie ihn über die Stationen eines Dozenten für Naturphilosophie, Physiolo- gie und Anatomie sowie eines »Medical Superintendent of the wards for lunatics«, danach zur Professur für Physiologie, Mitglied der Royal Society und diversen Ämtern als prakti- scher Mediziner bis hin zum Leiter des zentralen Londoner Krankenhauses Guy’s Hospital; 1 Alan Moore u.
    [Show full text]
  • Medico-Chiruirgical Transactions
    MEDICO-CHIRUIRGICAL TRANSACTIONS PUBLISHED BY THE ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON VOLUME THE EIGHTY-NINTH (SECOND SERIES, VOLUME THE SEVENTY-FIRST) LONDON LONGMANS, GREEN AND CO. (FOR THE ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCiETY OF LONDON) PATERNOSTER ROW 1906 Issued from the Society's House ait 20, Hanover Square, W. September, 1906. PRINTED BY ADLARD AND SON, BARTHOLOMEW CLOSE, E.C. ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON PATRON THE KING OFFICERS AND COUNCIL ELECTED MARCH 1, 1906 rtsih lx J. WARRINGTON HAWARD. THOMAS BUZZARD, M.D. VICE-PRESIDENTS JOSEPHHERBERTFRANKWILLIAMPAYNE,PAGE,M.D.M.C. W. HARRISON CRIPPS SIR WILLIAM SELBY CHURCH, BART., K.C.B., M.D. HO.TREASURERSfHALFRED PEARCE GOULD, M.S. C.M.G., M.D. HON.SECRETARIIE8S(HOWARDHONSCREARESSTEPHEN HENRYPAGET TOOTH, MooRE, M.D. HONLBRAIARfNoRtMANHRICKMAN JOHN GODLEE, M.S. (THEODORE DYKE ACLAND, M.D). EDWIN CLIFFORD BEALE, M.B. SIDNEY H. C. MARTIN, M.D., F.R.S. OTHER | GEORGE OGILVIE, M.B.M.D. MEMBERS O WILLIAM1 PASTEUR, O JOHN BLAND-SUTTON COUNCIMBCOUNIL IANDREW CLARK CLINTON THOMAs DENT WALTER H. H. JESSOP HENRY ROXBURGH FULLER, M.D. THE ABOVE FORM THE COUNCIL SECRETARY AND CONSULTING LIBRARIAN J. Y. W. MAC ALISTER, F.S.A. FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY APPOINTED BY THE COUNCIL AS REFEREES OF PAPERS FOR THE SESSION OF 1906-7 C. A. BALLANCE, M.S. G. H. MAKINS, C.B. C. E. BEEVOR, M.D. SIR PATRICK MANSON, K.C.M.G., ARTHUR E. J. BARKER M.D., F.R.S. SIR WILLIAMi H. BENNETT,K.C.V.O. JOHN HAMMOND MORGAN, C.V.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Medico-Chiirurgical
    MEDICO-CHIIRURGICAL TRANSACTIONS. PUBLISHED BY THE ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. VOLUME THE SIXTY-NINTH. LONDON: LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO., PATERNOSTER ROW. 1886. MIEDICO CHIRURGICAL TrRANSACTIONS. PUBLISHED BY T ISJ ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. SECOND SERIES. VOLUME THE FIFTY-FIRST. LONDON: LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO., PATERNOSTER ROW. 1886. PRINTED BY J. E. ADLARD, BARTHOLOMEW CLOSE. ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. PA1'RON. THE QUEEN. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL, ELECTED MARCH 1, 1886. 3 rtesibtt. GEORGE DAVID POLLOCK. JOHN WILLIAM OGLE, M.D. ( HERMANN WEBER, M.D. VICE.PRESIDENTS ) THOMAS BRYANT. MATTHEW BERKELEY HILL. TREASURERS. t( CHARLESTIMOTHY BLANDHOLMES.RADCLIFFE, M.D. (WALTER BUTLER CHEADLE, M.D. SECRETARIES. HOWARD MARSH. FOX, M.D., F.R.S. LIBRARIANS. L IWILSONJOHN WHITAKER HULKE, F.R.S. rTHOMAS BUZZARD, M.D. WILLIAM SELBY CHURCH, M.D. THOMAS HENRY GREEN, M.D. JOHN WICKHAM LEGG, M.D. OTHER MEMBERS WALTER MOXON, M.D. (decea8ed). OF COUNCIL. HENRY COOPER ROSE, M.D. MARCUS BECK. EDWARD BELLAMY. JEREMIAH McCARTHY. L WALTER RIVINGTON. THE ABOVE FORM THE COUNCIL. RESIDENT LIBRARIAN. JAMES BLAKE BAILEY. A LIST OF THE PRESIDENTS OF THE SOCIETY FROM ITS FORMATION. ELECTED 1805. WILLIAM SAUNDERS, M.D. 1808. MATTHEW BAILLIE, M.D. 1810. SIR HENRY HALFORD, BART., M.D., G.C.H. 1813. SIR GILBERT BLANE, BART., M.D. 1815. HENRY CLINE. 1817. WILLIAM BABINGTON, M.D. 1819. SIR ASTLEY PASTON COOPER, BART., K.C.H., D.C.L 1821. JOHN COOKE, M.D. 1823. JOHN ABERNETHY. 1825. GEORGE BIRKBECK, M.D. 1827. BENJAMIN TRAVERS. 1829. PETER MARK ROGET, M.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Attended, Namely, John Marshall,Ferrier, Wooldridge, Pye
    E. SHARPEY-SCHAFER 77 June 7th, 1884 (at Oxford). This was the first meeting of the Society to be held at Oxford, where Professor Burdon Sanderson was now established. The following members were present at the dinner, which was held at Magdalen College: Professor Burdon Sanderson in the chair, Messrs W. B. Carpenter, E. A. Schiifer, D. Ferrier, E. Klein, A. Gamgee, F. J. M. Page, F. Gotch, C. H. Golding-Bird, W. H. Gaskell, and several guests (not specified). This was preceded by a scientific meeting. No business is recorded as having been transacted at the dinner. November 8th, 1884 (at the Cafe Monico). This was the ninth Annual Meeting. Professor M. Foster in the chair. Fourteen other members attended, namely, John Marshall, Ferrier, Wooldridge, Pye, Roy, Bell, Cash, Lea, Page, Groves, Gaskell, McCarthy, D'Arcy Power and Yeo. Mr W. Heape was present as a guest introduced by Lea. MrWalt er Heape (F.R.S. 1906) is the well-known embryologist. At this meeting, besides the election of Committee, Dr W. H. Gaskell was elected Treasurer vice Mr G. J. Romanes, resigned; a cordial vote of thanks to Mr Romanes for his services being passed. The finances were reported as satisfactory but the printing of the Proceedings had greatly reduced the usual credit balance. Twelve new members were elected as follows: W. Watson Cheyne, A. de Watteville, J. McGregor Robertson (Glasgow), G. A. Buckmaster (Oxford), V. A. H. Horsley, J. McWilliam, Sydney Ringer, E. F. Herroun (King's College), J. W. Barrett (King's College), E. B. Poulton (Oxford), Sidney Hickson (Oxford), W.
    [Show full text]
  • William Withey Gull (1816-1890) [1]
    Published on The Embryo Project Encyclopedia (https://embryo.asu.edu) William Withey Gull (1816-1890) [1] By: Abboud, Alexis Keywords: Hormones [2] William Withey Gull studied paraplegia, anorexia, and hormones [3] as a physician in England during the nineteenth century. In addition to caring for patients, he described the role of the posterior column of the spinal cord in paraplegia, and he was among the first to describe the conditions of anorexia and of hypochondria. He also researched the effects of thyroid hormone [4] deficiencies in women who had malfunctioning thyroid glands. Gull's research on thyroid hormone [4] confirmed that chemicals in the body directly affect health, and he contributed to the foundation of endocrinology [5], the scientific field for the study of hormones [3]. William W. Gull was born on 31 December 1816 to Elizabeth Chilver and John Gull in Colchester, England. His father was a barge and wharf owner who died of Cholera in 1827, leaving Gull's mother to raise their three sons and three daughters. According to Gull's son-in-law and biographer Thomas D. Acland, Gull claimed that his education came from his mother. As a child, Gull attended a school run by two churchwomen, and he learned skills like knitting before transitioning to a school run by the local clergyman. Gull taught himself Latin until he surpassed the skills of his teachers, and he became a Latin teacher at a school in Sussex, England. Gull then learned Greek from Joseph Woods, a scholar and botanist who also taught Gull about the local flora and fauna.
    [Show full text]
  • Reviews and Notices of Books
    798 Following upon these paper-! are those on Hypochondriasis and Notices of (contributed to Reynohh’ System of Medicine with Dr. Reviews Books. Anstie), on Anorexia Nervosa, and the memorable descrip- A of the Published Writings of TVilliam Withey tion of a Cretinoid State supervening in Adult Life in CollectionGull, Bart., M.D., F.R.S., Physician to Guy’s Hospital. Women—the earliest recognition of the condition to which Edited and arranged by THEODORE DYKE AcLAND. M.D., Dr. Ord subsequently gave the name of myxoedema. The Physician to St. Thomns’s Hospital. Vol. I. Medical editor has reproduced here a letter which Sir William Gull Papers. London : The New Sydenham Society. 1894. adlressed to THE LANCET2 in 1883, in which he showed that THE bibliography which is appended to this volume gives Dr. Hilton Fagge recognised the influence of the thyroid in the titles of ninety-one papers on various subjects in medicine, counteracting the tendency to cretinism, the features of which appeared from the 3 ear 1845 to 1888, from the pen of which, Dr. Fagge remarked, had been long since pointed out one of the most gifted physicians of the time. These con- by Dr. Gull in his clinical teaching. The philosophical side tributions are scattered in the columns of journals and trans- of Sir William Gull’s contributions to pathological knowledge but their actions of societies ; interest and value are more was perhaps best exemplified in his writings upon chronic than ephemeral, and the collection of them into two volumes Bright’s disease, and the doctrine of arterio-capillary is a work which does credit to the New Sydenham fibrosis which he linked with that affection.
    [Show full text]
  • Self-Mutilation and Psychiatric Identity
    Self-Mutilation and Psychiatry: Impulse, Identity and the Unconscious in British Explanations of Self-Inflicted Injury, c. 1864 – 1914 Sarah Chaney PhD History of Medicine University College London 2013 2 DECLARATION I, Sarah Chaney, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 3 Abstract Modern accounts of “self-harm” commonly attribute self-inflicted wounds with emotional or other psychological “meaning”, while assuming that these acts are a product of twentieth- century concerns. While self-harm is certainly a modern concept, the attribution of meaning to self-inflicted injury – above and beyond the physical existence of the wounds themselves – is not new. This thesis explores the way in which medical writers in the later nineteenth century understood and explained what they called “self-mutilation”, situating this debate within the history of asylum psychiatry (where most discussion occurred). Self-mutilation as a concept, it is argued, could only exist within the context of a prior understanding of “the self” as a specific physical and psychological entity, and physiological, anthropological and psychological approaches to selfhood are closely associated with medical attention to self- injury. While it might have been expected that writing on self-mutilation emerged from the bureaucratic nature of the contemporary asylum system, and psychiatric concern with the expansion of diagnostic nosologies, this was not necessarily the case. In fact, most of the alienists writing on this topic did not embrace “medical materialism” and hereditary models of illness wholeheartedly, but drew on a wide variety of fields – including anthropology, normal psychology, spiritualism and religious and literary allegory – in their efforts to understand self-injurious acts.
    [Show full text]
  • Dawson Williams, M.D
    THE THU JO!RNAL OF THE BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. * EDITED Bt DAWSON WILLIAMS, M.D., ASSISTED BY CHARLES LOUIS TAYLOR, VOLUME II 1904. JULY TO DECE=MBER. PRflITED A:ND P¶I3LISHED AT THE OFFICE OF THE BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 429, STRAND, W.C. Dirc. 31, 1904.1 '- INDEX. lMemav' JoVANAx I INDEX TO VOLUME II FOR 1904. A. adopted by English and Welsh counties, 2719; award of, by the College of Physicians of Abbazia, proposed memorial to Billroth at, 1257 and county councils, 2760 Philadelphia, 2428 am'-_ Abdominal gestation, case of (Lieut.-Col. A. C. Act, Prevention of Cruelty to Children, 2904, 784 Amateur prescribing in the halfpenny' press Sturmer), 2693 Public Authorlties Protection, 103 I617 pregnancy, primary, g98 the Workmen's Compensation, curious Amatus lusitanus, note on, 9oi section, prevention of ventral hernia action, 1485 Amblyopic eye, return of vIsion to (G. Aubrey as a seq,uel to (E. Stanmore Bishop), 53, 473; Actinomycosis, case of (Mr. Leedham-Green), Jell) 695, 1783 (E. Hastings Tweedy), 355, 708 I696 Ambulance aid, discussion on the organization Aberdeen, bequest to Royal Infirmary, 36; Acts, the Inebriate, report of the Home Office during peace of civil, medical, and (Colonel health of, 614, 2266; companies R.A.M.C. Inspector under, I536; leading article OD, 2722 J. E. Squire), 79 ; (Major E. C. Freeman), 381; (Vols.), 772; King's College Chapel, new Adamson, H. G., Leishman-Donovan body in (J. E. Mo]son), 38x (Major T. McCulloch), 381; window, 2487 ; population of, 1487 Delhi boil, 42 (Surgeon-General Cuffe), 382; (Deputy In- University.
    [Show full text]