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The Nordic Languages an International Handbook of the History of the North Germanic Languages

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The Nordic Languages an International Handbook of the History of the North Germanic Languages The Nordic Languages An International Handbook of the History of the North Germanic Languages Edited by Oskar Bandle (main editor) • Kurt Braunrmiller Ernst Hakon Jahr • Allan Karker Hans-Peter Naumann • Ulf Teleman Consulting Editors: Lennart Elmevik • Gun Widmark Volume 1 Walter de Gruyter • Berlin --New York 2002 Contents Volume 1 Preface V Abbreviations XXIII I. Introduction 1. Lars S. Vikor, The Nordic language area and the languages in the north of Europe 1 2. Arne Torp, The Nordic languages in a Germanic perspective 13 3. Oskar Bandle, Diachrony and synchrony in Nordic language history 25 4. Kjell Venas, Previous attempts at establishing periods in Nordic language history 31 5. Kjartan Ottosson, The data basis of a Nordic language history .... 38 II. Perspectives in research history I: From the beginnings to the middle of the 20th century 6. Oskar Bandle, Previous attempts at writing a Nordic language history 49 7. Stig Orjan Ohlsson, Outline of research on Nordic language history before 1800 60 8. Bente Holmberg, Research in Danish language history 1850-1950. An overview : 68 9. Lennart Elmevik, Research in Swedish language history 1850-1950. An overview '' 76 10. Helge Sandoy, Research in Norwegian language history 1850-1950. An overview 86 11. Kjartan Ottosson, Research in Icelandic language history 1850-1950. An overview 95 12. Bjorn Hagstrom, Research in Faroese language history 1850-1950. An overview 102 III. "" Perspectives in research history II: The contribution of Nordic research to historical linguistics (until 1950) 13. J0rgen Rischel, Nordic contributions to historical linguistics before 1800 108 14. Oddvar Nes, Contributions to Nordic language history by non-Nordic linguists (until ca. 1980) 116 15. Jorgen Rischel, The contribution of the Nordic countries to historical- comparative linguistics: Rasmus Rask and his followers 124 XII Contents/Volume 1 16. Jorgen Rischel, The contribution of Scandinavian neogrammarians . 133 17. Claes-Christian Elert, The Scandinavian contribution to structuralism (until 1950) 148 IV. Perspectives in research history III: Theoretical and methodological perspectives in current historical linguistic description (after 1950) 18. Lars Heltoft, Nordic language history and structural linguistics .... 157 19. Christer Platzack, Nordic language history and generative transformational grammar 166 20. John Ole Askedal, Nordic language history and language typology . 172 21. Marit Christoffersen, Nordic language history and research on word order 182 22. Cecilia Falk, Nordic language history and research on universals and theories of linguistic change 192 23. Bengt Nordberg, Nordic language history and sociolinguistics 198 24. Michael Schulte, Nordic language history and research on languages in contact and on multilingualism 213 25. Birger Liljestrand, Nordic language history and research on styles and registers 221 26. Niels Haastrup, Nordic language history and pragmatics 229 27. Ole Togeby, Nordic language history and research on types of texts 235 28. Hans-Peter Naumann/Katrin Luthi, Nordic language history and phraseology/idiomatics 241 29. Stig Eliasson, Nordic language history and historical contrastive linguistics 247 30. f Wolfgang Ullrich Wurzel, Nordic language history: Semiotics and the theory of naturalness 253 31. Anna Helga Hannesdottir, Nordic language history and (lexical) semantics .• 262 32. Sture Allen, Nordic language history and computer-aided lexical research 268 V Perspectives in research history IV: The contribution of Nordic dialectology 33. f Kristian Ringgaard, General history of Nordic dialectology 272 34. Lars-Erik Edlund, The contribution of Nordic dialectology to language history 282 35. Helge Sandoy, Nordic language history and current trends in dialectology 304 VI. Nordic language history as a part of social and cultural history 36. Allan Karker, Nordic language history and studies in general history 313 37. Stefan Brink, Nordic language history and archaeology 317 Contents/Volume 1 XIII 38. Hanne Ruus/Jonna Louis-Jensen, Nordic lexical items and the history of material culture 325 39. Oskar Bandle, Nordic language history and cultural geography .... 338 40. Bo Ruthstrom, Nordic language history and legal history 344 41. Flemming Lundgreen-Nielsen, Nordic language history and the history of ideas I: Humanism 354 42. Erik Vive Larsen, Nordic language history and the history of ideas II: Rationalism and Enlightenment since the 18th century 363 43. Frans Gregersen, Nordic language history and the history of ideas III: Nationalism, identity and democratic movements in the 19th and 20th centuries 373 44. Hermann Reichert, Nordic language history and religion/ecclesiastical history I: The pre-Christian period 389 45. Hans Schottmann, Nordic language history and religion/ecclesiastical history II: Christianization 403 46. Lillemor Santesson, Nordic language history and religion/ecclesiastical history III: Luther's Reformation 412 47. Sigurd Hjelde, Nordic language history and religion/ecclesiastical history IV: From Pietism to the present 424 48. Dag Gundersen, Nordic language history and natural and technical sciences 435 49. Allan Karker, Nordic language history and literary history I: Denmark 441 50. Birger Liljestrand, Nordic language history and literary history II: Sweden 449 51. Steinar Gimnes, Nordic language history and literary history III: Norway 458 52. Porleifur Hauksson, Nordic language history and literary history IV: Iceland 470 53. Bjorn Hagstrom, Nordic language history and literary history V: Faroe Islands 482 54. Frans Gregersen, Nordic language history and the,; history of philosophy 487 55. Flemming Lundgreen-Nielsen, The special case of Grundtvig: Poet, philosopher, politician, educator 494 56. Niels Haastrup^Nordic language history and the history of translation I: Danish 502 57. Lars Wollin, Nordic language history and the history of translation II: Swedish 511 58. Sylfest Lomheim, Nordic language history and the history of translation III: Norwegian 518 59. GuSrun Kvaran, Nordic language history and the history of translation IV: Icelandic 527 60. Johan Hendrik W. Poulsen, Nordic language history and the history of translation V: Faroese 533 61. Odd Einar Haugen, Nordic language history and philology: Editing earlier texts 535 XIV Contents/Volume 1 VII. Nordic as a part of Old Germanic 62. Jurgen Udolph, Nordic, Germanic, Indo-European and the structure of the Germanic language family 544 63. Piergiuseppe Scardigli, Nordic-Gothic linguistic relations 553 64. Hans Frede Nielsen, Nordic-West Germanic relations 558 65. Arend Quak, Nordic and North Sea Germanic relations 568 66. Piergiuseppe Scardigli, Contact with non-Germanic languages I: Relations to the West' 572 67. Jorma Koivulehto, Contact with non-Germanic languages II: Relations to the East 583 68. Ludwig Rubekeil, Scandinavia in the light of ancient tradition 594 VIII. Ancient Nordic (lst-7th century) 69. Kerstin Cassel, The Ancient Nordic period. A historical survey .... 605 70. Hans Frede Nielsen, Delimitation of Ancient Nordic from Common Germanic and Old Nordic 615 71. Thomas Birkmann, A survey of Ancient Nordic sources 619 72. Morten Axboe, The Ancient Nordic period: An archaeological survey 626 73. James E. Knirk, Runes: Origin, development of the futhark, functions, applications, and methodological considerations 634 74. Kurt Braunmiiller, The Ancient Nordic linguistic system from a typological point of view: Phonology, graphemics, morphology, syntax, and word order 649 75. Michael Schulte, The development of Pro to-Nordic lexicon 657 76. Lena Peterson, The development of Proto-Nordic personal names .. 664 77. Svante Strandberg, The development of Proto-Nordic place-names . 671 78. Stefan Brink, Sociolinguistic perspectives and language contact in Proto-Nordic 685 IX. From Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic (from the 6th century until 1100) 79. Thomas Birkmann, From Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic: Definition and delimitation of the period 691 80. Stefanie Wurth, The sources of the transitional period between Ancient Nordic and Old Nordic 698 81. Bo Ralph, Phonological and graphematic developments from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 703 82. Martin Syrett, Morphological developments from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 719 83. Jan Terje Faarlund, Syntactic developments from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 729 84. Jan Paul Strid, Lexical developments from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 733 85. Lena Peterson, Developments of personal names from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 745 Contents/Volume 1 XV 86. Staffan Fridell, The development of place-names from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 753 87. Stefan Brink, Sociolinguistic perspectives in the transitional period between Proto-Nordic and Old Nordic 761 88. Michael Schulte, Language contact in the period between Ancient Nordic and Old Nordic 769 X. Old Nordic (from 1100 to the mid-14th century) I: General survey, tradition 89. Hilde Inntjore, Nordic history in the Middle Ages and the extension of Nordic: Cultural and historical preconditions of language 778 90. Kjartan Ottosson, Old Nordic: A definition and delimitation of the period 787 91. Sverrir Tomasson, The history of Old Nordic manuscripts I: Old Icelandic 793 92. Magnus Rindal: The history of Old Nordic manuscripts II: Old Norwegian (incl. Faroese) 801 93. Jonas Carlquist, The history of Old Nordic manuscripts III: Old Swedish 808 94. Britta Olrik Frederiksen, The history of Old Nordic manuscripts IV: Old Danish 816 95. Odd Einar Haugen, The development of Latin script I: in Norway
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