Crocus Vernus Hill

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UNIVERZITET U NIŠU PRIRODNO-MATEMATIČKI FAKULTET NIŠ DEPARTMAN ZA BIOLOGIJU I EKOLOGIJU Milica V. Manasijević Diferencijacija vrsta roda Crocus L. u okviru serije Verni Mathew 1982 na području Srbije Master rad Niš, 2012. Univerzitet u Nišu Prirodno-matematički fakultet Departman za biologiju i ekologiju Diferencijacija vrsta roda Crocus L. u okviru serije Verni Mathew 1982 na području Srbije Master rad Kandidat: Mentor: Milica V. Manasijević Dr Vladimir Ranđelović br.indeksa 18 Niš, decembar 2012. Zahvalnica Najsrdačnije se zahvaljujem svom mentoru dr Vladimiru Ranđeloviću na strpljenju, pomoći i vođstvu pri studijskom istraživačkom radu i samoj izradi ovog master rada. Hvala mojim roditeljima i bratu na podršci i motivaciji. Najveće hvala suprugu Dejanu na razumevanju, podršci i ljubavi. Sadržaj 1. Uvod ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Taksonomske karakteristike i specifičnost roda Crocus L ........................ 2 1.2. Biološke karakteristike i specifičnosti roda ............................................... 4 1.3. Biogeografske i ekološke karakteristike i specifičnosti roda .................... 8 1.4. Istorijat istraživanja roda Crocus L............................................................ 9 1.5. Cilj rada ...................................................................................... 11 2. Materijal i metode rada .................................................................................. 12 3. Rezultati ......................................................................................................... 14 3.1. Opšte karakteristike, ekologija i rasprostranjenje Crocus vernus Hill .... 14 3.2. Opšte karakteristike, ekologija i rasprostranjenje Crocus tommasinianus Herbert ............................................................................................................... 19 3.3. Opšte karakteristike, ekologija i rasprostranjenje Crocus kosaninii Pulević ................................................................................................................ 25 4. Diskusija ........................................................................................................ 30 5. Zaključak ....................................................................................................... 36 6. Literatura ........................................................................................................ 37 Izvod .................................................................................................. 40 Abstact ............................................................................................................... 41 Biografija kandidata ............................................................................. 42 Прилог 5/1 ПРИРОДНO - MАТЕМАТИЧКИ ФАКУЛТЕТ НИШ КЉУЧНА ДОКУМЕНТАЦИЈСКА ИНФОРМАЦИЈА Редни број, РБР: Идентификациони број, ИБР: Тип документације, ТД: монографска Тип записа, ТЗ: текстуални / графички Врста рада, ВР: мастер рад Аутор, АУ: Милица В. Манасијевић Ментор, МН: Владимир Ранђеловић Наслов рада, НР: Диференцијација врста рода Crocus L. у оквиру серије Verni Mathew 1982 на подручју Србије Језик публикације, ЈП: српски Језик извода, ЈИ: српски Земља публиковања, ЗП: Р. Србија Уже географско подручје, УГП: Р. Србија Година, ГО: 2012. Издавач, ИЗ: ауторски репринт Место и адреса, МА: Ниш, Вишеградска 33. Физички опис рада, ФО: 42 стр. ; 6 поглавља, 14 слика, 12 табела (поглавља/страна/ цитата/табела/слика/графика/прилога) Научна област, НО: биологија Научна дисциплина, НД: биологија Предметна одредница/Кључне речи, ПО: морфолошке карактеристике, распрострањење, род Crocus, серија Verni УДК 581: 582. 579. 2 ”1982” (497. 11) Чува се, ЧУ: библиотека Важна напомена, ВН: Извод, ИЗ: У овом раду су анализиране мрфолошке разлике рода Crocus L. kоји обухвата врсте Crocus vernus Hill, C. tommasinianus Herbert и C. kosaninii Pulević на подручју Србије. Aнализиране су следеће oсобине: ширина гомоља, ширина влакана oмотача гомоља, дужина цеви перигона, боја ждрела перигона, дужина спољашњих и унутрашњих сегмената перигона, присуство/отсуство шара на спољашњим сегментима перигона, дужина антера, oднос aнтера и жига тучка, дужина режњева жига тучка, дужина субрежњева жига тучка, ширина листова, број листова и број цвета. Подаци kojи су koришћени за морфометријска мерења за C. vernus Hill прикупљени су на локалтртима Златибор, Tорник; за C. tommasinianus Herbert на локалитетима Лазаревац и Соко банја; за C. kosaninii Pulević на локалитетима Рујан планине и Стројковце. Анализом морфолошких kaрактеристика утврђено је да се оне углавном поклапају са подацима из литературе, мада постоје и извесна oдступања. Највећи значај oвих истраживања oгледа се у прецизном oдређивању kарактеристика, посебно kвантитативних, за врсту Crocus kosaninii, kоја до сада није детаљно истражена. Датум прихватања теме, ДП: Датум одбране, ДО: Чланови комисије, КО: Председник: Члан: Члан, ментор: Образац Q4.09.13 - Издање 1 Прилог 5/2 ПРИРОДНО - МАТЕМАТИЧКИ ФАКУЛТЕТ НИШ KEY WORDS DOCUMENTATION Accession number, ANO: Identification number, INO: Document type, DT: monograph Type of record, TR: textual / graphic Contents code, CC: master thesis Author, AU: Milica V. Manasijević Mentor, MN: Vladimir Ranđelović Title, TI: Differentiation of species of the genus Crocus L. in the series Verni Mathew 1982 in territory of Serbia Language of text, LT: Serbian Language of abstract, LA: English Country of publication, CP: Republic of Serbia Locality of publication, LP: Serbia Publication year, PY: 2012. Publisher, PB: author’s reprint Publication place, PP: Niš, Višegradska 33. Physical description, PD: 42 p. ; 6 chapters, 14 images, 12 tables (chapters/pages/ref./tables/pictures/graphs/appendixes) Scientific field, SF: biology Scientific discipline, SD: biology Subject/Key words, S/KW: morphological characters, distribution, genus Crocus, series Verni UC 581: 582. 579. 2 ”1982” (497. 11) Holding data, HD: library Note, N: Abstract, AB: This paper analyzes the morphological differences of the genus Crocus L. which includes species Crocus vernus Hill, C. tommasinianus and Herbert C. kosaninii Pulević in Serbia. We analyzed the following characteristics: width of tubers, tuber width fiber layer, perigon barrel length, color pharynx perigon, length of external and internal segments perigon, presence / absence patterns in the outer segments perigon, anther length, anther relationship and trademark pistil pistil length lobes trademark, length sub-labes trademark pistil, leaf width, number of leaves and number of flowers. Data used for the measurement of morfometrijaka C. vernus Hill were collected at the sites of Zlatibor, Tornik, for C. tommasinianus Herbert at sites Lazarevac and Soko Banja, in C. kosaninii Pulević sites on September Strojkovce and Rujan mountain. Analysis of morphological characteristics showed that they generally coincide with data from the literature, although there are some exceptions. The greatest significance of this research is to determine the precise characteristics, especially quantitative, of the Crocus kosaninii, which has not been thoroughly investigated. Accepted by the Scientific Board on, ASB: Defended on, DE: Defended Board, DB: President: Member: Member, Mentor: Образац Q4.09.13 - Издање 1 Milica Manasijević Diferencijacija vrsta roda Crocus L. u okviru serije Verni Mathew 1982 na području Srbije 1.Uvod Rod Crocus L. obuhvata oko 100 vrsta, uglavnom rasprostranjenih u oblasti Mediterana (Stjepanović-Veseličić, 1976). Naziv roda potiče od (grč.: kroke ili krokos- konac), jer su žigovi končasti (Stjepanović-Veseličić, 1976). Na području Srbije raste 17 vrsta šafrana, ovaj naziv je odomaćen u Srbiji, ali ova lepa biljka je poznata još i kao kaćunka, kačunka, brnđuša (Ranđelović et al., 1990). Njegovo ime se izvodi iz arapske reči „az-za'fran”, što znači „biti žut“. Šafran se pominje još u Bibliji, a njegova praktična upotreba je poznata iz peroda razvoja Mesopotamije pre 5000 godina. Poznato je da je Kleopatra koristila šafran kao kremu za potamnjivanje kože, stari Rimljani su sa njim ukrašavali postelju mladenaca, Feničani su ga smatrali lekom, a alhemičari su od njega proizvodili lažno zlato koje je imalo pravi sjaj, zbog intenzivne žute boje koju šafran poseduje. (http://goo.gl/COQFl). Upotreba šafrana je široka. U medicini danas je vrlo ograničena, ali se zato u narodnoj medicini još uvijek dosta primenjuje. Najviše se šafran potroši kao začin u kuhinji za poslastice i likere. Neki pretstavnici zbog lepe boje cveta gaje se kao dekorativne biljke. Poznat je još i kao „kralj začina“. Za jedan kilogram ovog začina potrebno je ubrati čak 150000 cvetova, a cena po gramu se kreće od 5-15 Eura. Godišnja proizvodnja u Svetu je oko 200 tona, najviše se uzgaja u Iranu (oko 180 tona), a ostali proizvođači nalaze se u „Mediteranskom prstenu“, a to su Francuska, Španija, Maroko, Grčka, Turska, Italija, Austija i dr. Poseduje različite zanimljive sastojke, među kojima je najvažniji u eteričnom ulju - šafranal. U jelima, šafran se prepoznaje po prijatno gorkom ukusu, intenzivne arome, ali pre svega po zlatastoj obojenosti jela, zbog velikog prisustva karotinoida. Šafran poseduje i mnogobrojna lekovita svojstva. Kao lek upotrebljava se protiv oboljenja bubrega, poremećaja u radu srca, poboljšava apetit i reguliše varenje. Inhaliranjem ekstrakta šafrana postiže se efikasna terapija protiv glavobolje, migrene i vrtoglavice. Veliko prisustvo riboflavina, odnosno vitamina B2, omogućava
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    G1742 Spring Flowering Bulbs Anne M. Streich, Extension Educator Don E. Janssen, Extension Educator Kathleen P. Cue, Extension Associate thrive in heavy, constant shade. If reliable bloom is desired Selecting, planting, caring for, harvesting and from year to year, the site should receive at least eight hours forcing spring flowering bulbs are discussed in this of full sunlight per day. Some areas near trees may receive publication. full sun early in the season, before leaves have fully emerged and may be suitable for early flowering bulbs. All bulbs need well-drained soil to reduce rot while dormant. For this reason, Bulbs are underground stems formed by fleshy scales at- areas that receive frequent moisture from lawn irrigation are tached to a basal plate (for example: tulip, narcissus and lily). not desirable planting sites. Corms are underground swollen stems surrounded by dry, Spring flowering bulbs may be used to provide early scale-like leaves (gladiolus, freesia and crocus). Tubers are season color in the landscape while other plants are slowly swollen underground stems that are often irregularly shaped developing. Some, such as grape hyacinths (Figure 1) and (dahlia, gloriosa and ranunculus). Rhizomes are horizontally daffodils (Figure 2), can be planted in grassy areas and may creeping underground stems that produce aerial shoots from spread or multiply to give a naturalized effect. nodes (iris and convallaria). In this publication, all corms, Bulbs planted in a southern exposure near a building or tubers and rhizomes will be referred to as bulbs. wall will encourage early foliage growth due to increased Most spring flowering bulbs are hardy perennials.
  • Southern Garden History Plant Lists

    Southern Garden History Plant Lists

    Southern Plant Lists Southern Garden History Society A Joint Project With The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation September 2000 1 INTRODUCTION Plants are the major component of any garden, and it is paramount to understanding the history of gardens and gardening to know the history of plants. For those interested in the garden history of the American south, the provenance of plants in our gardens is a continuing challenge. A number of years ago the Southern Garden History Society set out to create a ‘southern plant list’ featuring the dates of introduction of plants into horticulture in the South. This proved to be a daunting task, as the date of introduction of a plant into gardens along the eastern seaboard of the Middle Atlantic States was different than the date of introduction along the Gulf Coast, or the Southern Highlands. To complicate maters, a plant native to the Mississippi River valley might be brought in to a New Orleans gardens many years before it found its way into a Virginia garden. A more logical project seemed to be to assemble a broad array plant lists, with lists from each geographic region and across the spectrum of time. The project’s purpose is to bring together in one place a base of information, a data base, if you will, that will allow those interested in old gardens to determine the plants available and popular in the different regions at certain times. This manual is the fruition of a joint undertaking between the Southern Garden History Society and the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. In choosing lists to be included, I have been rather ruthless in expecting that the lists be specific to a place and a time.
  • SPRING 2020 GARDEN Northwest Horticultural Society Rhododendron’Ruth Motley’ Photo Steffen by Richie Northwest Horticultural Society Gardennotes SPRING 2020

    SPRING 2020 GARDEN Northwest Horticultural Society Rhododendron’Ruth Motley’ Photo Steffen by Richie Northwest Horticultural Society Gardennotes SPRING 2020

    Northwest Horticultural Society SPRING 2020 notes Rhododendron’Ruth Motley’ Photo by Richie Steffen GARDEN Northwest Horticultural Society GARDENnotes SPRING 2020 WHAT’S IN A NAME? Words by Daniel Mount 2 GARDENnotes SPRING 2020 Walking through the hyper-urban and overly electrified one, Alectorurus yedoensis, grows only on two southern islands of world that is modern Tokyo last fall, I found it hard to imagine Japan, far from Tokyo. a natural environment ever existing there. Certainly, Tokyo is famous for its many parks and gardens, and even in the most The Tokyo wood fern is calledtani-hego in Japanese, tani mean- developed areas, there are green rooves and green walls. Yanagi- ing “valley” and hego being the Japanese name for the spider dorii, literally “willow street,” which runs through central Ginza monkey tree fern (Cyathea spinulosa). Tokyo woodfern, though toward the Imperial Palace, is lined with weeping willows in the it can get to three feet, is hardly a tree fern, but it does like the near constant shadow of skyscrapers. You can even see in dingy lowly wet places that a valley might afford. back alleys an urban gardener’s collection of styrofoam seafood containers, plastic pots and old cans hosting everything from It thrives in my Snoqualmie Valley garden bathed seasonally in camellias to mums to ferns. flood waters in a soil that rarely dries out. It is bright of color and upright in habit. Perfect among the bulkier perennials in The Japanese love their ferns, and you can see them in contain- the shade garden like hostas, rodgersias and astilbe.
  • Online 2020 Plant Species List

    Online 2020 Plant Species List

    2020 PLANT SPECIES LIST ONLINE Online shopping is open between September 25 at 10 a.m. and September 27 at 5 p.m. (while supplies last) This is not an order form. TABLE OF CONTENTS Bulbs ........................................ 1 Bulb Bags .................................. 9 Grown at the Gardens ............... 10 by Jean K. Scorgie, 2019, watercolor. Denver Botanic Gardens Gardens Denver Botanic 2019, watercolor. by Jean K. Scorgie, Seed Mix ................................. 13 Plant Select® ............................ 14 Tulipa “Blue Diamond” Tulipa of Botanical ArtSchool & Illustration. MEMBERS RECEIVE A 10% DISCOUNT ON ALL PURCHASES. PRESENTING SPONSOR ASSOCIATE SPONSORS 1007 York Street botanicgardens.org BULBS PRICE RANGE: $2.50-$60 | Get a head start on your Spring garden through our wide variety of Specialty/ Rare or common bulbs! * Selections may vary depending on availability. ALLIUM Crocus isauricus ‘Spring Beauty’ Allium schubertii Crocus olivieri ssp. Balansae ‘Orange Monarch’ Crocus sieberi ‘Firefly’ Allium sphaerocephalon Crocus sieberi ssp. Sublimus ‘Tricolor’ Allium ‘Cameleon’ Crocus tommasinianus ‘Roseus’ Allium ‘Eros’ Crocus tommasinianus ‘Ruby Giant’ Allium ‘Globemaster’ Crocus ‘Romance’ Allium ‘Ivory Queen’ Crocus ‘Ladykiller’ Allium ‘Mount Everest’ Crocus chrysanthus ‘Cream Beauty’ Allium ‘Pink Jewel’ LARGE FLOWERING CROCUS Allium ‘Purple Sensation’ Crocus Giant Mixed Allium ‘Rosy Dream’ Crocus vernus ‘Flower Record’ Allium jesdianum ‘Akbulak’ Crocus flavus ‘Golden Yellow’ (‘Yellow Mammoth’) Allium karataviense