TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003
ANALYSIS OF CHINESE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TRACE DOCUMENTATION
JIANHONG PENG
Rattanakosin International College of Creative Entrepreneurship, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Phutthamonthon, 73170, Thailand
Keywords: Trace of Agricultural Products; Cite Space; Visual Analysis; Bibliometrics
Abstract. Trace of agricultural products is a hot topic in the study of intelligent agricultural development in China. Based on the Cite space which is a bibliometric tools，this article uses 303 valuable research references in the CNKI for nearly 10 years, analyzes the literature on Chinese agricultural products trace and draws the following conclusions:1.Prophase research focuses on technology development research and application;2. Prophase research disciplines focus on computer, animal and plant science, logistics and Internet of things management, economics;3. Prophase research perspective is mostly government, enterprise and consumer perspective. There is little literature from the perspective of farmers to explore the acceptance of agricultural products trace, which is a field worthy of further study. In addition, agricultural products trace is an information technology. Using TAM model and TPB model, there is little literature to analyze the influencing factors of farmers' acceptance of agricultural products trace, this is also worth studying and discussing in future.
1 INTRODUCTION
General secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the China rural work conference that the source of food safety is to base the agricultural products on agriculture, and first, we should grasp the quality of agricultural products. Han Changfu, Minister of the Ministry of agriculture, proposed to establish a trace system, focus on pig and other "vegetable basket" to carry out the trace pilot, and strive to achieve the goal of trace for most cooperatives and leading enterprises within five years. (Fu Xiumei, Xue zhenkai et al. 2019) therefore, it is imperative to establish the quality and safety trace system of agricultural products. Most of agricultural products are food, and food occupies an important proportion in people's dietary structure. It is of great significance to establish and improve the trace system of agricultural products in China to improve the quality and safety level of agricultural products. (Cao Qingzhen, 2015)
To establish a scientific trace system of agricultural product quality and safety, we must understand the basic situation of the research on the trace of agricultural products by Chinese scholars, such as: what is the current situation of the research on the trace of agricultural products in China?
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TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003
What are the research directions, hot spots and trends of the trace of agricultural products? In order to systematically summarize and analyze the research progress of agricultural product trace in China, this paper takes the journal panel data collected by CNKI as the research sample, and uses visualization software such as Cite Space to mine, sort out and draw the map of scientific knowledge, to reveal the dynamic law of agricultural product trace in China, to provide real and effective reference for the research and construction of agricultural product trace in China.
2 DATA SOURCES AND RESEARCH METHODS
In order to comprehensively and accurately understand the research status and trend of "agricultural products trace" in China, this paper collects data from CNKI. Considering that "trace of agricultural products" includes the safety of agricultural products, enter the search criteria in the search box of CNKI: "key words =" trace of agricultural products ", and the search subject includes" trace of agricultural products "or safety of agricultural products. RefWorks format is used to export data information for the analysis and research of the paper. In the CNKI database "advanced search", 492 papers with the title of "trace of agricultural products" were retrieved, and the time node was set from 2010 to October 31, 2020. By deleting conference papers, dissertations and book reviews with little reference value, 303 papers are left. This paper will focus on the analysis of 303 papers. The software tool used in this study is Cite Space, a visualization software developed by Professor Chen Chaomei of Drexel University in the United States. The software can measure the collection of literature in specific fields to find out the key path and knowledge turning point of discipline evolution, and form the detection of discipline development frontier through a series of visual mapping. (Chen, Chen et al. 2015) this paper uses Cite Space to analyze keyword co-occurrence and time zone view, and draw a map of scientific knowledge. In order to meet the needs of research, this study also uses the bibliometric function of CNKI itself to obtain relevant pictures. At the same time, in order to understand the key hot words more intuitively and clearly, this paper also uses the software "micro word cloud" to make keyword word cloud.
2.2 Basic situation of agricultural products trace research
2.1.1. Annual distribution of literature
The construction of agricultural products trace is a hot topic in the research of agricultural intelligent development in China, and it is also the focus of agricultural modernization. According to the annual amount of agricultural products trace research literature shown in Figure 1, the agricultural products trace research is divided into three stages: (1) 2010-2013. The number of papers published in this stage is less than 25 per year, which indicates that the research results of agricultural products trace in this period are less, and the attention of the theme is weak. Among them, the first paper with the theme of "Research on trace of agricultural products" is the article "trace system of quality and safety of agricultural products in the United States" published by Xing Wending in world agriculture in 2006. Then came Yang Xinting, Qian Jianping et al 2006), published a series of articles on the construction of agricultural products trace in China, but before 2010, China's Engel coefficient was still relatively
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TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003 high, and residents paid more attention to the quantity of agricultural products than the quality of agricultural products. In 2008, China had a famous "melamine" milk incident. Although a large number of experts and scholars called for the development of agricultural products trace, the research was successful On the other hand, at this stage, large enterprises attach great importance to the trace of agricultural products. However, large enterprises regard the trace of agricultural products as their technological advantage to compete with their competitors and build the core competitiveness of brands and high-end products, which makes it difficult for research results to enter the market. (2) 2014-2018. In this period, with the decline of China's Engel coefficient, the residents' attention to the quantity of agricultural products has turned to the quality of agricultural products, and the trace of agricultural products has become the focus of social attention, which requires the use of modern Internet technology, blockchain technology and visualization technology to deepen the trace of agricultural products, establish a unified standard for the trace of agricultural products, and improve the construction of the trace system of agricultural products. At this stage, more and more papers focus on the trace of agricultural products, and the research on the trace of agricultural products has become a continuous concern of scholars. （3） 2019—2020。 What is the direct reason for the surge of the number of papers In 2018, the state promulgated the opinions of the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas on the link between the quality and safety trace of agricultural products and the major establishment and identification of agricultural and rural areas, the selection of agricultural brands, the certification of agricultural products, agricultural exhibitions and other work. The opinions outline put forward technical standards and requirements in the trace of agricultural products, and made clear the time arrangement for the implementation of comprehensive trace of agricultural products in China, marking the beginning of the trace of agricultural products The source construction has entered the implementation stage. Therefore, at this stage, the research on trace of agricultural products is urgent, the number of papers is increasing rapidly, and the research content and perspective are more diverse, in-depth and complex. As can be seen from Figure 1, the number of papers published in the past two years has increased sharply.
2.1.2 Analysis of literature authors
With the attention of scholars on the topic of agricultural products trace, the number of scholars engaged in this topic is gradually expanding. Among the 303 articles, 20 authors published 3 or more articles, and 64 articles were published, accounting for 21.1% of the total. The core author group of agricultural products trace research has basically formed. According to the statistics of the authors who published more than two papers in Figure 1, Zhao Yan, Liu Shihong, Yang Baozhu, Jinhai, sun Lirong, Bai Hongwu and other authors are the backbone of the research on the trace of agricultural products, which promotes the continuous and in-depth research on this topic. For example, Zhao Yan (Zhao Yan, 2011) deeply discussed the quality of medicinal plants and the methods of identifying authenticity from fingerprint, and developed the connotation and technical application of agricultural product trace; Liu Shihong (Guo Yongqiang, Liu Shihong et al. 2012) from the perspective of authority management and access control, in view of the requirements of security management in agricultural product trace system, learned from the role management concept of large database, This paper puts forward a scheme of role authority management based on application layer, and discusses
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TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003 the principle and method of authority setting; Yang Baozhu et al. (Zhang Jun, Xu Jie et al. 2012) discussed the establishment of agricultural product quality and safety trace management system based on the supporting operation environment provided by domestic basic software; Jinhai (Jinhai and zhangyao 2010) discussed that the quality trace of agricultural products should realize the connection of enterprise information isolated island at a higher level, and realize the rapid trace of agricultural product quality through the unique coding, data collection and intersection, Chi Zhijuan et al. 2009) used gas chromatography to determine aluminum triethylphosphonate residues in apples, mainly from the perspective of physical and chemical methods to study the Trace Method of agricultural products; Bai Hongwu (Bai Hongwu, sun Aidong et al. 2013) proposed using 20 digit trace code (composed of category, administrative division, company, product, date and batch) based on the perspective of Internet of things, And this code is converted to a common QR source code automatically, forming a convenient service platform with three-party satisfaction and consumer rating function.
2.1.3 Issuing organization
There are 303 papers on the trace of agricultural products, and there are 38 signed institutions (according to the first level units). In order to visually display the situation of each organization, figure 3 counts 14 first-class organizations with more than 5 papers. The number of papers published by these 14 institutions (115) accounts for 38% of the total number of papers (303). These institutional nodes are relatively concentrated: China Agricultural Information Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of agricultural quality standards and testing technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Donghai Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Institute of agricultural products processing, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xijing university, Yulin University, Jiangxi Agricultural University, etc. It can be clearly seen from the issuing institutions that the main institutions of agricultural products trace are national research institutes and universities.
In recent ten years, agricultural products trace achievements published mainly in the fields of agricultural journals, food journals, rural issues research journals and university journals. From the perspective of technology, it is easy to publish in computer journals, Internet of things and logistics journals. There are few pure economic and management journals discussing the trace of agricultural products. It shows that there are few achievements on the trace of agricultural products from the perspective of economic management.
2.1.4 Research discipline perspective
The research methods of agricultural products trace are mainly quantitative and multidisciplinary. About 97% of the papers used quantitative research methods, in which the research on computer technology and software development of agricultural products trace was dominant. About 213 papers studied the application of computer technology and software development of agricultural products trace, accounting for 70.3% of the total papers; There are about 48 articles on the standardization and international integration of agricultural products trace, based on the perspective of international finance and trade; there are several articles on the trace of agricultural products based on the
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TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003 perspective of biology, zoo botany and physical geography, accounting for 4% of the total number of papers. From the perspective of research disciplines, it mainly focuses on computer, law, logistics management, ecology and other multidisciplinary perspectives.
2.1.5 Research hotspots of agricultural products trace
The key words are the summary of the research content and the research topic. By combing the keywords of the paper in a certain period, readers can learn the research content, research direction and research hotspot of a certain topic from the keywords. According to the frequency of keywords, we can find the critical point, which is the hotspot in the research. The higher the frequency of keywords, the stronger the research enthusiasm. (Zhao Junfang and Anze society, 2014) this paper uses the keyword co-occurrence analysis to get the keyword co-occurrence network, which can reflect the research hotspots of agricultural products trace in Chinese academic circles from 2010 to 2020. As can be seen from Figure 6, "blockchain" is the keyword with the highest frequency, followed by "agricultural product trace", "trace system", "agricultural product safety", etc. To some extent, these high-frequency keywords reflect the research tendency and focus of scholars.
Centrality can also be used to judge the hot spots in the research field. By calculating the centrality of nodes, we can find out the key nodes that play a strategic role in the whole network and reveal the internal relationship between keywords. The higher the centrality of a node, the more keywords it uses to connect and transmit information, and the stronger the ability of "media" in the whole network. (CAI Jiandong, Ma Jing et al. 2012) Figure 6 shows that the top three keywords of centrality are "blockchain", "agricultural product trace" and "trace system", followed by "agricultural product safety", "trace management", "electronic identification", "rural e-commerce" and "smart agriculture", indicating that they play an important intermediary role in the knowledge network of agricultural product trace research. Based on the analysis of the above two aspects, it can be judged that under the core topic of "trace of agricultural products", "blockchain", "trace system", "agricultural product safety", "trace management" and "electronic identification" are hot keywords. However, not all high-frequency and high-level keywords have clear tendency and directivity, such as "rural e-commerce", "smart agriculture" and other keywords are more general, and "agricultural products trace" is consistent with the research object, which is difficult to fully indicate the research tendency. Therefore, similar words should be analyzed differently in the analysis.
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TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003
Figure 1: Cluster analysis of key words in agricultural products trace literature
2.1.6 The concept of trace of agricultural products
Tracing literature found that the concept of "trace of agricultural products" is a research hotspot, and there are differences, scholars have different understanding from different perspectives. To sum up, there are mainly the following understanding. First, the trace of quality and safety of agricultural products is a technical system, that is, the use of modern information management technology to mark the number of agricultural products, keep relevant management records, and track the whole process of agricultural products from production, processing, circulation and sales. It mainly includes logo, data storage, data collection and transmission, information query and so on. Second, the trace of agricultural product quality and safety is an institutional system, that is, the sustainable operation of the trace system can be ensured by formulating relevant systems.
The key hot words in the first view are "blockchain", "Agricultural Products Trace Technology", "Trace Technology", "QR code" and so on. The second point of view is "logistics management", "supply chain management" and "quality and safety of agricultural products".
2.1.7 Knowledge evolution of agricultural products trace research
Cite Space’s time zone view is a view that focuses on representing the evolution of knowledge from the time dimension. It can show the structural relationship of nodes in the co citation network that changes with time. (He Ke, Yan a Qian et al. 2020) setting the keyword network time zone view can show the characteristics of keyword distribution in different time zones, and then obtain the hot spot evolution characteristics of agricultural product trace research in temporal distribution. From the word cloud chart of agricultural product trace research literature which appears three times or more in recent 10 years, the research focuses on the words of "trace", "blockchain", "electronic identification", "agricultural product safety" and "trace source". From the hot time zone view of China's agricultural product trace research literature from 2010 to 2020, it focuses on "blockchain", "trace", "electronic
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TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003 identification", "agricultural product safety", "fertilizer" and "industrialization", and the analysis results are consistent. It shows that in recent ten years, the research on trace of agricultural products in China focuses on the above research.
"Quality and safety" are the starting point of trace research of agricultural products
Figure 7 shows that the research on the topic of "trace of agricultural products" began to appear before 2010, and the research on "quality and safety" is the focus. China's agricultural product quality trace system began in 2002. In December 2002, the Ministry of agriculture set up the center for quality and safety of agricultural products (Wu Zhaorui, 2007). The Ministry of agriculture, the Ministry of Commerce, the former State Food and drug administration, the General Administration of quality supervision, inspection and Quarantine of the people's Republic of China, the General Administration of entry exit inspection and Quarantine of the people's Republic of China and other local governments have carried out relevant work, and made some progress in the construction and improvement of the system and the construction of the pilot trace system. (Oriental Fortune, 2013)
Since 2010, the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of finance have carried out the construction of meat and vegetable circulation trace system, built a national interconnection and coordinated operation trace management network with the central, provincial and municipal three-level platform as the main body, and formed an effective meat and vegetable circulation trace system (Jiangyang 2019). By the end of 2014, a total of 58 cities had carried out the pilot construction of meat and vegetable circulation trace system in five batches, and more than 2000 circulation enterprises had been included in the trace system. In the next step, the trace system of meat and vegetables will be gradually expanded to Chinese herbal medicine, wine, dairy products, fruits and aquatic products. (Hu Xiaohong, 2014)
Figure 2: Word Cloud Map of Research Hot Spots From 2010 to 2020
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TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003
3 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
Based on the statistics and analysis of 303 agricultural products trace research papers collected in CNKI database from 2010 to 2020, this paper reveals the research status of agricultural products trace in China.
First, the research on the trace of agricultural products is one of the research hotspots of agricultural modernization and intellectualization in China. It started in 2002, and has continued to heat up since 2010, with more diversified and in-depth research contents and perspectives. Among them, Zhao Yan, Liu Shihong, Yang Baozhu, Jinhai, sun Lirong, Bai Hongwu and other authors are the backbone of agricultural products trace research. They are China Agricultural Information Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of agricultural quality standards and detection technology of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, agricultural products Processing Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xijing College, Yulin University, Jiangxi Agricultural University and other major research institutions have become the main force and position of the research. The research methods are mainly quantitative, mainly focusing on computer, law, logistics management, ecology and other multidisciplinary perspectives.
Second, "blockchain", "agricultural product trace", "trace system", followed by "agricultural product safety", "trace management", "electronic identification", "rural e-commerce", "smart agriculture" and other keywords, become the research hotspot of agricultural product trace. Among them, from the perspective of Agricultural Products Trace Technology, scholars have more discussed the application and software development of agricultural products trace computer technology. In recent two years, the advantages of blockchain technology have made the technology become the focus and hot spot of research in the application of Agricultural Products Trace Technology.
Based on the analysis of the research status and hot spots, the author summarizes the existing problems of Chinese scholars' research on the trace of agricultural products
(1) From the study of what should be to the study of what is. It is found that the existing studies have conducted in-depth and comprehensive introduction and Discussion on how to build the trace system of agricultural products from the aspects of technology, standards, western historical experience and content elements. These studies have macro guiding value. However, the specific system construction at the actual level, such as: how to promote the integration of trace platform? How to make consumers trust the authenticity and effectiveness of agricultural products trace? How to encourage producers to accept the research on the cost increase brought by the trace of agricultural products? This is a part of the key factors for the smooth implementation of trace of agricultural products, which is worth studying.
(2) Research methods should be diversified. At present, the research is mainly quantitative empirical research, but less comparative, empirical and qualitative research, which hinders the in-depth and multi-faceted discussion of the theme. Especially for the research of trace management
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TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003 of agricultural products, technology can be managed quantitatively, but the manager is human, and human is social. The research of human needs the combination of qualitative and quantitative, in order to comprehensively investigate the influencing factors in the implementation of trace management of agricultural products.
(3) Multi perspective analysis. Through the above-mentioned literature, it can be analyzed that the trace of agricultural products, whether technical or institutional, is based on the perspective of technical research, national requirements, enterprise competition and consumer acceptance of agricultural products trace. Few scholars study the willingness of agricultural producers to accept agricultural products trace, especially for China's 270 million small farmers. There is almost no research literature on the willingness to accept the trace of agricultural products. And this part of agricultural producers, mainly in rural areas without land transfer, continue to carry out agricultural production activities, at least 50% of the household income to the agricultural output of farmers, in fact, this group of farmers in the current China, still accounts for 30%. Under the condition of China's existing education level and agricultural products trace technology, these farmers passively accept the impact of information technology development on agriculture. The research on the influencing factors of farmers' willingness to accept agricultural products trace can well understand farmers' attitude and influencing factors to information and intelligent agriculture, and make more targeted policies and measures to promote agricultural development the development of intelligence.
4 FUTURE RESEARCH
Through the further summary of the above contents, as well as the further collection and visual analysis of the relevant literature, the author puts forward some ideas and areas worthy of future research on the trace of agricultural products from the following aspects:
First, from the research object, the literature of the past decade focuses on the research of Agricultural Products Trace Technology, information technology, software development and the formulation of standards, laws and regulations, and the research of agricultural products trace management focuses on logistics management and Internet of things management. Most of them are from the perspective of technology. There is little analysis from the perspective of willingness to accept Agricultural Products Trace Technology.
Second, from the perspective of research, in the past ten years, the literature studies the acceptance and application of Agricultural Products Trace Technology from the perspective of farmers. The author used "agricultural products trace" and "farmers" as keywords, searched CNKI database, made bibliometric analysis, and almost no relevant literature. Farmers are the recipients of agricultural products trace. Farmers' willingness to accept agricultural products trace directly affects the promotion and development of Agricultural Products Trace Technology to a certain extent. Therefore, it is of great research value to analyze the influencing factors of farmers' willingness to accept agricultural products trace.
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TEM, 2021. Volume 2, Issue 1 http://paper.ieti.net/tem/index.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.6897/IETITEM.202103_2(1).0003
Third, from the perspective of research disciplines, the literature in the past decade mainly focuses on computer, chemistry, zoology and botany, economics, logistics management, Internet of things and blockchain applications. The literature on Farmers' behavior also focuses on the field of economics. The literature on the promotion and acceptance of information technology focuses on the theory of planned behavior, technology acceptance model and innovation diffusion theory. These theories mostly study the influencing factors from the technical dimension, and can combine the technical factors and emotional factors to study the influencing factors of the willingness to accept agricultural products from multiple perspectives Not really.
Through the bibliometric analysis of the research data of agricultural products trace in China from 2010 to 2020, we can see that the current research of agricultural products trace in the academic field mainly focuses on the application of information technology and software development; the main research objects are agricultural products trace technology, the application of blockchain in building technical barriers to agricultural products trace, and the evaluation of consumers on agricultural products trace The research subjects mainly focus on the application of computer, chemistry, zoology and botany, economics, logistics management, Internet of things and blockchain. As an organic part of the trace of agricultural products, the research on the trace system of agricultural products is rare in academic circles, and even less from the perspective of farmers. According to the principles of food supply chain, information economics and other economics and management, the trace of agricultural products can make the food quality and safety problems from the end of the market to the source of production, realize the inquiry of producer responsibility, and ensure the food quality and safety in an all-round way. The government is actively promoting the establishment of agricultural production trace system, and farmers are one of the most important participants in the process of establishing agricultural production trace system. The success or failure of the establishment of agricultural products production trace system largely depends on the participation of farmers. Therefore, the trace of agricultural products, from the perspective of farmers, should be worth exploring.
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