DOCSLIB.ORG

Multi-Agency Evaluation of Tsunami Response: Thailand and Indonesia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Multi-Agency Evaluation of Tsunami Response: Thailand and Indonesia MULTI-AGENCY EVALUATION OF TSUNAMI RESPONSE: THAILAND AND INDONESIA Prepared for: CARE International World Vision International Prepared by: Ayman Mashni Sheila Reed, Team Leader Virza Sasmitawidjaja Danai Sundhagul Tim Wright Final Report Augusti 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements........................................................................................................................ iv Executive Summary.....................................................................................................................viii Background .............................................................................................................................viii The Purpose of the Evaluation, Team Composition and Methodology ..................................viii Main Findings..........................................................................................................................viii Effectiveness.................................................................................................................................. ix Management .............................................................................................................................. ix Human Resources Support ........................................................................................................ ix Sectoral Standards ...................................................................................................................... x Relevance and Appropriateness..................................................................................................... xi Impact ............................................................................................................................................ xi Coverage ........................................................................................................................................ xi Sustainability/Connectedness ....................................................................................................... xii Coordination and Collaboration.................................................................................................... xii Recommendations .................................................................................................................... xii 1 Evaluation Background ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Evaluation Purpose and Motivating Factors ....................................................................... 1 1.2 Users of the Evaluation....................................................................................................... 1 1.3 The Evaluation Team.......................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Data Collection Plan ........................................................................................................... 2 1.5 Constraints Experienced ..................................................................................................... 2 1.6 Multi-Method Approach ..................................................................................................... 3 1.7 Structure of the Report........................................................................................................ 3 2 The Indian Ocean Earthquakes and Tsunamis ........................................................................ 4 3 Tsunami Response in Thailand ............................................................................................... 6 3.1 The Context......................................................................................................................... 6 3.2 The Tsunami Disaster ......................................................................................................... 7 3.3 Effectiveness ....................................................................................................................... 8 3.4 Relevance and Appropriateness........................................................................................ 15 3.5 Impact................................................................................................................................ 18 3.6 Coverage ........................................................................................................................... 19 3.7 Sustainability/Connectedness............................................................................................ 23 3.8 Coordination and Collaboration........................................................................................ 23 4 Tsunami Response in Indonesia............................................................................................ 26 4.1 The Context....................................................................................................................... 26 4.2 The Tsunami Disaster ....................................................................................................... 27 4.3 Government Response ...................................................................................................... 29 4.4 Effectiveness ..................................................................................................................... 30 4.5 Relevance and Appropriateness........................................................................................ 47 4.6 Impact................................................................................................................................ 50 4.7 Coverage ........................................................................................................................... 51 ii 4.8 Sustainability/Connectedness............................................................................................ 52 4.9 Coordination and Collaboration........................................................................................ 54 Lessons, Good Practices and Opportunities Lost ......................................................................... 57 Effectiveness................................................................................................................................. 57 Management.......................................................................................................................... 57 Sectoral Standards ............................................................................................................... 59 Relevance and Appropriateness.................................................................................................... 60 Impact ........................................................................................................................................... 61 Coverage ....................................................................................................................................... 61 Sustainability/Connectedness ....................................................................................................... 61 Coordination and Collaboration.................................................................................................... 61 iii Acknowledgements In Thailand, the team wishes to thank the Raks Thai Foundation, a member of CARE International, and World Vision Thailand Tsunami Response Team based in Phuket for their excellent collaboration to support the data collection process in Bangkok and in the tsunami- affected areas. We especially thank Promboon Panitchpakdi, Suratana and Anchalee Phonkling of Raks Thai and Richard Rumsey and Edlin Lumanog of World Vision for their detailed planning and their kind assistance. In Indonesia, the team wishes to thank the World Vision Indonesia Tsunami Response Team in Banda Aceh, World Vision International in Jakarta and CARE Indonesia in Banda Aceh and Jakarta for their contributions to the evaluation. Special thanks are due to Therese Foster and Heather Van Sice of CARE and Oline Sigar, Kristen Sullens, Sri Agustiningsih, Clemensia Mwiti and Isabelle Gomes of World Vision for their day to day communications with and generous advice and support for the team. We extend our thanks to the evaluation managers, Jock Baker of CARE and Eleanor Monbiot of World Vision and to the World Vision ATRT staff in Singapore for paving the way for the team. Both organizations in both countries supported the data collection process generously with logistical support and interpreters. We are particularly appreciative of the efforts of the provincial, district and zonal staff of both organizations to spend time with us and for their contributions to this evaluation. We are very grateful for the skills of the interpreters and drivers who helped us immeasurably. We would like to express our great admiration for the national and international humanitarians who have worked tirelessly in chaotic conditions to assist the people in Thailand and Indonesia and we sincerely respect their dedicated efforts to save lives and livelihoods. Finally, we would like to express our unlimited empathy for the victims of the tsunami who are bravely planning their futures and seeking to come to terms with their losses. We hope that this evaluation will contribute to helping them return to productive lives. iv Tsunami-affected areas in Thailand and Indonesia v Acronyms AAH Action Against Hunger, Action Contra La Faim (ACF) AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ALNAP Active Learning Network for Accountability
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tau Tae Tching Or Lao-Tse (The Right Path)
    TAl CULTURE Vol. 20 Tai peoples in ChinaChina.. Part III _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Oliver Raendchen * TAI ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY: tau tae tching or lao-tse (The Right Path) Abstract In this essay, ancient Tai philosophy (way of life; perception of the world) is approached in a specific way. Following more than 20 years of his comparative and interdisciplinary study in the ancient philosophy expressed in the tau tae tching text on the one hand and the world view, way of life and practical behavior of the Tai peoples on the other hand, the author has been developing the firm belief that the ancient philosophical text tau tae tching - which is found in old written exemplars in the Chinese language and attributed to Laotse - is most probably rooted in the ancient traditions and philosophy of the Tai peoples whose forefathers settled in historical times in what is today South China. In the opinion of the author, the written philosophical text tau tae tching was created as a mirror, as a secondary image, of an existing culture, namely, the world view, way of life, and practical rules of behavior of the Tai peoples. Compared to the concrete behavioural rules, traditional laws, etc., of the Tai peoples, the tau tae tching is a philosophical condensation and abstraction. It is something like a bible of behavioural norms and was used not only for worshipping the holy “right path” of behaviour, but in fact represents a complete value system which reinforced the social order. As such, it was also the source for intellectuals to compete with other value systems (e.g., that of Confucius) which was followed by other ethnic groups, namely the Han-Chinese.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ethnography of Tai Yai in Yunnan
    LAK CHANG A reconstruction of Tai identity in Daikong LAK CHANG A reconstruction of Tai identity in Daikong Yos Santasombat Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] Cover: The bride (right) dressed for the first time as a married woman. Previously published by Pandanus Books National Library in Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Santasombat, Yos. Lak Chang : a reconstruction of Tai identity in Daikong. Author: Yos Santasombat. Title: Lak chang : a reconstruction of Tai identity in Daikong / Yos Santasombat. ISBN: 9781921536380 (pbk.) 9781921536397 (pdf) Notes: Bibliography. Subjects: Tai (Southeast Asian people)--China--Yunnan Province. Other Authors/Contributors: Thai-Yunnan Project. Dewey Number: 306.089959105135 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. First edition © 2001 Pandanus Books This edition © 2008 ANU E Press iv For my father CONTENTS Preface ix Acknowledgements xii Introduction 1 Historical Studies of the Tai Yai: A Brief Sketch 3 The Ethnography of Tai Yai in Yunnan 8 Ethnic Identity and the Construction of an Imagined Tai Community 12 Scope and Purpose of this Study 16 Chapter One: The Setting 19 Daikong and the Chinese Revolution 20 Land Reform 22 Tai Peasants and Cooperative Farming 23 The Commune 27 Daikong and the Cultural Revolution 31 Lak
    [Show full text]
  • The Role in Politics of Malaysian of Thai Race
    The 2016 WEI International Academic Conference Proceedings Rome, Italy THE ROLE IN POLITICS OF MALAYSIAN OF THAI RACE Rawikarn Amnuay Phranakhon Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand Abstract The research topic of "The Role in Politics of Malaysian of Thai Race" is a part of a research project on Comparison of Structural Pattern and the People's Involvement in Local Administration in Thailand and Malaysia. The research is aimed to study the role in politics of the Malaysian of Thai race. This research is a qualitative research based on a review of documents from both inside the country and abroad as well as interviews of important sources of information to include the President of the Thai Malaysian Association, leaders of Thai Malaysian communities, and the Malaysian people. The derived information was then analyzed using inductive method, logical analysis, and descriptive narration. The research found that Malaysian of Thai race as Malaysian and Thai citizen have very little role in politics both in national level and local administration or even civil politics. The people of Thai race are in status of voters or supporters of their favorite political parties only due to their viewpoint of politics and administration as the leader's business and not their own. They do not give precedence to grouping together to carry out political activities. Meanwhile, the discoveries of factors that affect on the Malaysian of Thai race's political roles show that these people pay more attention to religion and culture which they see related to merit and demerit. Economically, Malaysian of Thai race mostly have agricultural profession; so most of them are in the lower middle class who cannot pay more attention to politics than making a living.
    [Show full text]
  • Large Scale Tsunami Simulation for 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Using Parallel GPU Computing
    Large scale tsunami simulation for 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami using parallel GPU computing *Fritz Sihombing1) and Marco Torbol2) 1), 2) School of Urban Environmental Engineering, UNIST, South Korea 1) 2) [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT This study couples two different numerical schemes, finite different method and smoothed particle hydrodynamic (SPH) method to more accurately assess the impact of tsunami over a coastline. The model performs large scale tsunami simulation of 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. To handle the SPH model general-purpose computing on graphics processing units manage the computation. The result of the simulation is validated against the observation data of the tsunami. In this research, Banda Aceh city, in Indonesia is chosen as the observation location. COMCOT, a tsunami wave simulation engine, simulates the wave generation and propagation on the open ocean. Instead, DualSPHysics, a SPH solver, simulates the near coast wave propagation and the tsunami wave inundation. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami resulted in a catastrophic event in the Southeast Asian region. The simulation performed in this study provides information about tsunami propagation and tsunami inundation on the coastline with an accuracy greater than available by the current state of the art. This information is important for damage mitigation as well as comprehensive resilient disaster management planning. This work can be expanded to perform probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis. Challenges arose in several areas, such as: the handling of the complex bathymetry and topography, and the computational cost of tsunami simulation. Recent advances of numerical methods as well as computational tools encouraged further improvements on tsunami simulation research.
    [Show full text]
  • Cave Settlement Potential of Caves and Rock Shelters in Aceh Besar Regency
    Berkala Arkeologi Volume 40 No. 1, May 2020, 25-44 DOI: 10.30883/jba.v40i1.506 https://berkalaarkeologi.kemdikbud.go.id CAVE SETTLEMENT POTENTIAL OF CAVES AND ROCK SHELTERS IN ACEH BESAR REGENCY POTENSI HUNIAN GUA DAN CERUK DI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR Taufiqurrahman Setiawan Archaeology Research Office of North Sumatera [email protected] ABSTRAK Bukti adanya kehidupan masa prasejarah di Aceh telah dibuktikan dengan hasil penelitian arkeologi yang dilakukan oleh Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara. Sampai saat ini penelitian masih terfokus di pesisir timur dan pegunungan tengah Aceh, Pesisir barat Aceh belum pernah diteliti. Pesisir barat Aceh merupakan wilayah yang memiliki bentangalam kars cukup luas, dan memiliki potensi gua yang mungkin digunakan sebagai lokasi hunian pada masa lalu. Salah satu metode yang digunakan adalah memprediksi keberadaan gua dengan peta topografi, peta geologi, serta digital elevation model (DEM). Selain itu, hasil inventarisasi gua yang pernah dilakukan di wilayah pesisir barat Aceh juga digunakan sebagai data awal untuk memperoleh sebaran gua dan ceruk. Pada penelitian ini lingkup wilayah yang disurvei adalah Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Tiga parameter gua hunian, yaitu morfologi dan genesa, lingkungan, serta kandungan arkeologis, digunakan untuk memperoleh gambaran potensi masing-masing gua. Sebelas gua dan ceruk yang telah ditemukan menunjukkan adanya tiga buah gua berpotensi sebagai lokasi hunian dan diteliti lebih lanjut, empat gua berpotensi sebagai lokasi hunian tetapi tidak berpotensi untuk diteliti, dan empat gua berkategori tidak potensial sebagai lokasi hunian. Kata Kunci: Gua; Ceruk; Karst; Pesisir Barat Aceh; Prasejarah ABSTRACT The evidence of prehistoric life in Aceh has been proven by the results of archeological research conducted by the Archaeology Research Office of North Sumatera.
    [Show full text]
  • Tsunami Relief and Reconstruction: Through the Eyes of the Children
    6-Month Progress Report Tsunami Relief and Reconstruction Through the Eyes of the Children J. Carrier From the Chair To our contributors, colleagues and friends: In the coming months and years, our work will continue in full force to protect and rebuild the lives of children and their The devastating effects of the December 26 earthquake and families, and help them recover their physical and emotional tsunami were historic in magnitude, and our response is the health and well-being. This is no small task - many teachers, largest in Save the Children's 85-year history. Families lost their schools, parents, homes, health facilities, health professionals homes and livelihoods. Whole communities were destroyed. and jobs were lost in this disaster. The millions that survived, particularly children, were left vulnerable to disease, starvation and potential exploitation The generosity of the global public through the Save the and abuse. Children family has been unprecedented, with contributions in excess of $245 million to fund the emergency response and the Save the Children, active in many of the worst-affected regions comprehensive five-year plan for children highlighted in this for 30 years or more, moved immediately to deliver life-saving report. relief to more than 625,000 individuals, including 250,000 children, providing shelter, food, clean water and access to You can take pride in what has been accomplished for children medical care. This rapid response helped avert a second wave in the first phase of this emergency, and draw inspiration from Cover photo: David Crump/Daily Mail of death from malnutrition and disease that many experts the continued expansion of our efforts, from our heroic staff This page: Michael Bisceglie Through the Eyes of the Children anticipated would follow the disaster.
    [Show full text]
  • Older Population and Health System: a Profile of Thailand
    Older Population and Health System: A profile of Thailand I. Introduction to Thailand The Kingdom of Thailand was established in the mid-14th Century, known as Siam until 1939. A revolution in 1932 led to a constitutional monarchy. It lies in the heart of Southeast Asia. The country shares a long border with Myanmar to the west and the north, Lao P.D.R. to the north and the northeast, Cambodia to the east and Malaysia to the south. Thailand is divided into four distinct geographical regions: the mountainous North, the fertile Central Plains, the semi-arid plateau of the Northeast and the peninsula South At present, there are around 62.3 million people, of which 32% live in urban areas. Although most of Thailand is agricultural, the social and economic developments have changed the economy rapidly to industrialized productions and service sectors. After enjoying the world’s highest growth rate from 1985 to 1995 – averagely almost 9% annually – increased speculative pressure on Thailand currency in 1997 led to a crisis that uncovered financial sector weakness and forced the government to float the value of the Baht. Thailand entered a economic recovery stage in 1999. Nevertheless, the economic ordeal has a significant impact on country’s labor structure, population migration, urbanization and life styles. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per Capita is $7,248 in 2002. GDP- composition by sector is 11% in agriculture sector, 40% in industry and 49% in services. Average consumer price index (CPI) in 2001 is only 1.6%. The CPI in food and non-food are 0.4% and 2.2% respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Double Identity Representation of Chinese Shrines in Muang Phuket District
    i Double Identity Representation of Chinese Shrines in Muang Phuket District Panuwat Chanasakun A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Chinese Studies Prince of Songkla University 2017 Copyright of Prince of Songkla University ii Thesis Title Double Identity Representation of Chinese Shrines in Muang Phuket District Author Mr. Panuwat Chanasakun Major Program Chinese Studies Major Advisor Examining Committee: ……………………………………………… ….…………….………………………….Chairperson (Dr Pim De Jong) (Dr. Yupin Karanyadech) .……………….…………………….……Committee (Dr. Chawarote Valyamedhi) ……………….…………………….……Committee (Dr Pim De Jong) The Graduate School, Prince of Songkla University, has approved this thesis as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Chinese studies. ………….……….………………………………………… (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Teerapol Srichana) Dean of Graduate School iii This is to certify that the work here submitted is the result of the candidate’s own investigations. Due acknowledgement has been made of any assistance received. ........................................................Signature (Dr. Pim de Jong) Major Advisor ........................................................Signature (Mister Panuwat Chanasakun) Candidate iv I hereby certify that this work has not been accepted in substance for any degree, and is not being currently submitted in candidature for any degree. ...............................................................Signature (Mister Panuwat Chanasakun) Candidate v Thesis Title Double Identity Representation of Chinese Shrines in Muang Phuket District Author Mister Panuwat Chanasakun Major Program Chinese Studies Academic Year 2016 ABSTRACT “Double Identity Representation of Chinese Shrine in Phuket District” has the main objectives o study the adaptations of Chinese culture in the context of Thai society through Chinese shrine in Muang Phuket District and to comprehend the phenomena of double identity which represent through Chinese shrine in Muang Phuket District.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Tsunami Deposits in the Geologic Record: Developing Criteria Using Recent Tsunami Deposits
    Identification of Tsunami Deposits in the Geologic Record: Developing Criteria Using Recent Tsunami Deposits Robert Peters and Bruce Jaffe Open-File Report 2010-1239 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 2010 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Suggested citation: Peters, Robert, and Jaffe, Bruce E., 2010, Identification of tsunami deposits in the geologic record; developing criteria using recent tsunami deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1239, 39 p. [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1239/]. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 4. Counter-Memorial of the Royal Government of Thailand
    4. COUNTER-MEMORIAL OF THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF THAILAND I. The present dispute concerns the sovereignty over a portion of land on which the temple of Phra Viharn stands. ("PhraViharn", which is the Thai spelling of the name, is used throughout this pleading. "Preah Vihear" is the Cambodian spelling.) 2. According to the Application (par. I), ThaiIand has, since 1949, persisted in the occupation of a portion of Cambodian territory. This accusation is quite unjustified. As will be abundantly demon- strated in the follo~vingpages, the territory in question was Siamese before the Treaty of 1904,was Ieft to Siam by the Treaty and has continued to be considered and treated as such by Thailand without any protest on the part of France or Cambodia until 1949. 3. The Government of Cambodia alleges that its "right can be established from three points of rieivJ' (Application, par. 2). The first of these is said to be "the terms of the international conventions delimiting the frontier between Cambodia and Thailand". More particuIarly, Cambodia has stated in its Application (par. 4, p. 7) that a Treaty of 13th February, 1904 ". is fundamental for the purposes of the settlement of the present dispute". The Government of Thailand agrees that this Treaty is fundamental. It is therefore common ground between the parties that the basic issue before the Court is the appIication or interpretation of that Treaty. It defines the boundary in the area of the temple as the watershed in the Dangrek mountains. The true effect of the Treaty, as will be demonstratcd later, is to put the temple on the Thai side of the frontier.
    [Show full text]
  • New Insights from Thailand Into the Maternal Genetic History of Mainland Southeast Asia
    European Journal of Human Genetics (2018) 26:898–911 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41431-018-0113-7 ARTICLE New insights from Thailand into the maternal genetic history of Mainland Southeast Asia 1,2 3,4 5 5 6 Wibhu Kutanan ● Jatupol Kampuansai ● Andrea Brunelli ● Silvia Ghirotto ● Pittayawat Pittayaporn ● 7 2 2 8 3 Sukhum Ruangchai ● Roland Schröder ● Enrico Macholdt ● Metawee Srikummool ● Daoroong Kangwanpong ● 2 2 2 Alexander Hübner ● Leonardo Arias ● Mark Stoneking Received: 24 July 2017 / Revised: 17 January 2018 / Accepted: 23 January 2018 / Published online: 26 February 2018 © The Author(s) 2018. This article is published with open access Abstract Tai-Kadai (TK) is one of the major language families in Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), with a concentration in the area of Thailand and Laos. Our previous study of 1234 mtDNA genome sequences supported a demic diffusion scenario in the spread of TK languages from southern China to Laos as well as northern and northeastern Thailand. Here we add an additional 560 mtDNA genomes from 22 groups, with a focus on the TK-speaking central Thai people and the Sino-Tibetan speaking Karen. We find extensive diversity, including 62 haplogroups not reported previously from this region. Demic 1234567890();,: diffusion is still a preferable scenario for central Thais, emphasizing the expansion of TK people through MSEA, although there is also some support for gene flow between central Thai and native Austroasiatic speaking Mon and Khmer. We also tested competing models concerning the genetic relationships of groups from the major MSEA languages, and found support for an ancestral relationship of TK and Austronesian-speaking groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Network of Illegal Thai Migrants Working in Food Shops in Malaysia
    Social Network of Illegal Thai Migrants Working in Food Shops in Malaysia Nisakorn Klanarong* Abstract People from the southern border provinces of Thailand (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat, Satun, and Songkhla) who migrate to work in food shops or so-called Tom Yam shops in Malaysia are in high numbers. The numbers of these migrants has been increasing over time due to the assistance of social networks. Many studies have mentioned about assistance of social networks on cross border migration. This study aims to investigate the origins and expansion of social networks in the southern border provinces involving people who migrate to work in Malaysia and also explore the roles of those peoples’ social networks regarding migration to work in food shops in Malaysia. Data were collected by interviewing using a questionnaire. The study was conducted in destination areas in four northern states of Malaysia. The population sample was people who live in the southern border provinces of Thailand and who migrated to work in Malaysia. This study finds that the origin of social network of migrants who went to work in food shops arose from links with kin in Malaysia and also the cultural similarity of the migrants and the people in Malaysia who both speak Malayu and believe Islam. Beyond this, marital relations with Malaysian citizens make the social networking of migrants larger and more complex. The roles of social network have influence on three stages of migration: the pre-migration, the act of migration, and the post-migration. In the pre-migration stage, social networks both at the origin and destination areas, are sources of information about work positions in Malaysia and also provide help in getting jobs.
    [Show full text]