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The Dutch Reference Study Transport&Planning 2011 Department Transport & Planning The Dutch Reference Study Cases of interventions in bicycle infrastructure reviewed in the framework of Bikeability Kees van Goeverden Tom Godefrooij Interface for Cycling Expertise The department Transport & Planning provides university education and performs scientific research on the wide area of traffic, transport, logistics and infrastructure. The department is a part of the faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences of Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and is a partner in the post- graduate Research School TRAIL. COPYRIGHT To the extent permitted by law, all rights are reserved and no part of these publications may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means except with the written permission of the author. IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER To the extent permitted by law, Delft University of Technology (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses and any other compensation, arising directly or indirectly from using these publications (in part or in whole) and any information or material contained in them. The Dutch Reference Study Cases of interventions in bicycle infrastructure reviewed in the framework of Bikeability October 2011 Authors: Kees van Goeverden Delft University of Technology Tom Godefrooij Interface for Cycling Expertise Document Department Transport & Planning 1. ISBN-number 2. ISSN-number 978-90-78271-07-9 2212-0491 3. Title The Dutch Reference Study 4. Subtitle Cases of interventions in bicycle infrastructure reviewed in the framework of Bikeability 5. Authors 6. Research project Kees van Goeverden (TUD) Bikeability Tom Godefrooij (I-CE) 7. Involved partners 8. Category report Delft University and Technology, T&P Department, Interface for Cycling Expertise 9. Principal 10. Date of publication University of Copenhagen October 2011 11. Abstract The Netherlands have a tradition of high bicycle usage and a long history of research on effective policies for promoting cycling. Findings in Dutch studies can be useful in the Danish Bikeability-project that has the objective to increase the level of knowledge in relation to bicycle based transport and to contribute to more efficient and qualified urban planning and management. This report discusses a number of Dutch case studies on the effects of investments in bicycle infrastructure. The reviewed studies include the three ‘classical’ cases in the 20th century: rather large investments in the cities of Tilburg, The Hague and Delft that were evaluated extensively by before and after studies. Other, smaller and more recent cases include the evaluation of shared space, a bicycle street, and interurban highways for cyclists. A general conclusion is that policies can be effective in sustaining high levels of cycling and strengthening cycling culture. 12. Project management 13. Additional reports University of Copenhagen, Kees van Goeverden (Dutch contribution) 14. number of pages 91 Table of contents Summary ........................................................................................................................ 1 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 5 2 Developments in cycling in the Netherlands ......................................................... 7 3 The demonstration projects in Tilburg and The Hague ....................................... 11 3.1 Political context ........................................................................................... 11 3.2 The route designs ......................................................................................... 12 3.2.1 Tilburg .................................................................................................. 12 3.2.2 The Hague ............................................................................................ 15 3.3 Organisation and implementation ................................................................ 17 3.3.1 Tilburg .................................................................................................. 17 3.3.2 The Hague ............................................................................................ 17 3.4 The costs ...................................................................................................... 18 3.5 Set-up of the evaluation studies ................................................................... 19 3.6 The impacts .................................................................................................. 19 3.6.1 Bicycle use ........................................................................................... 19 3.6.2 Road safety ........................................................................................... 21 3.6.3 Perception of cycling quality ............................................................... 22 3.6.4 Design aspects ...................................................................................... 24 3.6.5 Economy .............................................................................................. 29 3.7 Discussion .................................................................................................... 30 4 The Delft Bicycle Plan ......................................................................................... 33 4.1 Political context ........................................................................................... 33 4.2 Design .......................................................................................................... 34 4.2.1 The network ......................................................................................... 34 4.2.2 The projects .......................................................................................... 35 4.3 Organisation and implementation ................................................................ 36 4.4 The costs ...................................................................................................... 37 4.5 One single project: the Plantagebrug ........................................................... 38 4.6 Set-up of the evaluation studies ................................................................... 39 4.7 The impacts of upgrading the network ........................................................ 41 4.7.1 Travel behaviour .................................................................................. 41 4.7.2 Safety ................................................................................................... 55 4.7.3 Perception of cycling quality ............................................................... 59 4.7.4 Economy .............................................................................................. 60 4.8 The impacts of building the Plantagebrug ................................................... 61 4.8.1 Potential of the bridge .......................................................................... 62 4.8.2 Before and after studies........................................................................ 64 4.9 Discussion .................................................................................................... 68 5 Shared space in Haren .......................................................................................... 71 5.1 Design .......................................................................................................... 72 5.2 Organisation and implementation ................................................................ 72 5.3 Evaluation .................................................................................................... 72 5.3.1 Use of shared space .............................................................................. 73 5.3.2 Safety ................................................................................................... 74 5.3.3 Perception of shared space ................................................................... 74 5.3.4 Economy .............................................................................................. 75 5.3.5 Conclusion ........................................................................................... 75 6 Bicycle street in Haarlem ..................................................................................... 77 6.1 Design .......................................................................................................... 78 6.2 Evaluation .................................................................................................... 79 7 Interurban highways for cyclists .......................................................................... 81 7.1 Context ......................................................................................................... 81 7.2 Design .......................................................................................................... 82 7.3 Organisation and implementation ................................................................ 82 7.4 The costs ...................................................................................................... 82 7.5 Evaluation .................................................................................................... 82 8 Synthesis of Dutch findings and implementation in other countries ................... 85 8.1 Conclusions .................................................................................................
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