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Hennie Aucamp: ʼn Gerontologiese Oeuvrestudie // Hennie Aucamp: a Gerontological Oeuvre Study

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Hennie Aucamp: ʼn Gerontologiese Oeuvrestudie // Hennie Aucamp: a Gerontological Oeuvre Study Hennie Aucamp: ʼn gerontologiese oeuvrestudie S van Zyl orcid.org/0000-0002-3276-9354 Proefskrif voorgelê ter nakoming vir die graad Philosophiae Doctor in Afrikaans en Nederlands aan die Noordwes-Universiteit Promotor: Prof PL van Schalkwyk Gradeplegtigheid: Oktober 2019 Studentenommer: 20459408 VOORWOORD Ek bedank graag die volgende instansies vir hul ruim finansiële bydraes tot hierdie studie: NWU Nagraadse Beursskema, NWU Institusionele Kantoor, NWU Skool vir Tale se Navorsingseenheid: Tale en Literatuur in die Suid-Afrikaanse Konteks, prof. Phil van Schalkwyk vanuit sy persoonlike NRF-fonds, en die Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns. Menings gelug en gevolgtrekkings gemaak in hierdie proefskrif is dié van die outeur en word nie noodwendig aan die onderskeie instansies en persone toegeskryf nie. ʼn Aanvanklike beoogde bydrae van hierdie studie was om Hennie Aucamp se literêre werke te digitaliseer, wat wel gedoen is met behulp van NB-uitgewers en die NWU se Sentrum vir Tekstegnologie (CTexT). Hiermee my dank aan Johann de Lange, Catrina Wessels en Roald van Eiselen in hierdie verband. Voorts bedank ek ook die biblioteekpersoneel verantwoordelik vir die Hennie Aucamp-versameling by die Universiteit van Stellenbosch, by name Marina Brink, Marieta Buys en Lynne Fourie, vir hul hulp met hierdie studie. My innige dank en waardering aan my jarelange vriendin, Sophia Kapp, vir die keurige teksredaksie van hierdie proefskrif. Haar onvoorwaardelike liefde en ondersteuning loop soos ʼn goue draad regdeur die studie. Hierdie proefskrif sou nie kon bestaan sonder die professionele akademiese leiding en ondersteuning van my promotorvriend, prof. Phil van Schalkwyk, nie. Wie sou ooit in 2007 kon raai dat ons eendag hier sou staan? Dankie dat jy in my bly glo het – veral toe ek aan myself getwyfel het. Ons bywoning van die Aardklop-produksie Mits dese wil ek vir jou sê in 2014 was die enkel belangrikste impetus vir hierdie studie en bly een van die betekenisvolste ervarings van my lewe. Sonder die onvoorwaardelike liefde en ondersteuning (finansieel en andersins) van my ouers sou hierdie studie nie moontlik wees nie. Pa Faan en Ma Loret, dankie vir die liefde vir die wonderwêreld van letterkunde wat julle van kindsbeen af by my gekweek het. Hierdie proefskrif is ʼn direkte uitvloeisel van al die ure se voorlees en die Storieman-reeks waarmee julle my as kind bederf het. Dankie ook aan my sibbe, Anneri, Karina en Willie, en my geduldige hartsvriende vir jul begrip vir en aanvaarding van hierdie komplekse mens. i Vir die man aan my sy, Charl du Plessis: Die ruimte hier is bloot té min om my dank en waardering uit te spreek vir alles wat jy vir my gedoen het tydens die finale fase van hierdie studie. Die saam vroeg opstaan soggens, eindelose koppies koffie, etes, raad, geduldige ore, objektiewe insigte en ferm aanmoediging het my oor die wenstreep help dra. Dankie ook aan Brioche, ons lieflingkatjie, vir die spinnende geselskap tydens eindelose nagwake langs (en op!) my skootrekenaar. Ten slotte dra ek hierdie studie op aan elke queer senior met wie my paaie al gekruis het en in die toekoms gaan kruis: Ek kan wees omdat julle was. Stefan van Zyl Pretoria 31 Mei 2019 Ek beskou titels en grade as dinge van hoogs verbygaande aard. Dis die mens wat van belang is, en nie sy fraiings nie. ~ Hennie Aucamp ~ Pluk die dag (1994) ii OPSOMMING Hennie Aucamp: ʼn gerontologiese oeuvrestudie Die ekstensiewe en diverse oeuvre van Hennie Aucamp word afgesluit met sy dood op 20 Maart 2014 en is derhalwe gereed om benader te word vanuit nuwe perspektiewe soos die gerontologie wat die bestudering van veroudering is. Die oorspronklike bydrae van hierdie proefskrif setel in die daarstel van ʼn gerontologiese benadering tot die literêre werke van Hennie Aucamp met verwysing na die literêre gerontologie, narratiewe gerontologie, queergerontologie en intergenerasionele verhoudings. Gemeet aan die omvang van sy oeuvre is daar relatief min navorsing oor Aucamp gedoen en geeneen van die bestaande studies benader sy literêre werke uitsluitlik vanuit ʼn gerontologiese perspektief óf ondersoek sy volledige oeuvre nie. Die onderskeie literêre tekste van Aucamp, en die konvensies van die genres waarin daardie tekste geskryf is, het die ontleding en interpretasie gelei. Benewens die literêre tekste as estetiese objekte wat op komplekse maniere weerspieëlings van die werklikheid is, is relevante egodokumente van Aucamp ook betrek ten einde ʼn meer geskakeerde insig te bied in sy literêre oeuvre en meer spesifiek in die manier waarop die gerontologie en aanverwante temas deur hom hanteer word. Vanuit beide die literêre tekste en egodokumente het heelwat perspektiewe op die veroudering van queer seniors na vore gekom en hierdie queergerontologiese beskouing is ʼn belangrike bydrae omdat die stem van veral die senior queer selde in/deur die Afrikaanse letterkunde weerklink. Literêr-gerontologiese temas en verhoudings wat in Aucamp se literêre tekste uitgebeeld word sluit in biologiese aftakeling weens veroudering; die spieël as tegniek om ʼn konfrontasie met die effekte van veroudering te bewerkstellig; die verskil tussen mentale en chronologiese ouderdom; die toedig van spesifieke eienskappe aan spesifieke ouderdomme; die rol van herinnering by die senior; die sosiale isolering van seniors; (queer) manlike ervaring van veroudering; die ouerwordende kunstenaar se belewing van veroudering; intergenerasionele verhoudings wat romanties, familiaal, platonies, heteroseksueel, homoseksueel of verskillende kombinasies hiervan kan wees; vriendskappe en verhoudings tussen seniors; die gebruik van kuns, en die idealisering van skoonheid en jeug, om veroudering en verganklikheid te probeer besweer; seniors se jaloesie op die jeug van jonger mense; praktiese sake wat verband hou met iii veroudering; die tehuis vir seniors as literêre ruimte waarin veroudering uitspeel; en die essay as brug tussen die literêre en narratiewe gerontologie. Egodokumente van Aucamp wat die literêre ontledings en interpretasies aangevul het sluit in dagboeke, onderhoude, briefwisselings, essays, literêre kritiek wat deur hom geskryf is en bloemlesings van akademiese tekste deur homself en ander literati. Hierdie dokumente bevestig dat daar deurgaans by Aucamp ʼn diepe bewustheid van veroudering, ouderdom en die algemene menslike toestand bestaan het. Hy hanteer die subjektiwiteit van veroudering op verskillende maniere en met die lees van sy egodokumente verkry die leser insig in sy eie verouderingsproses en die manier waarop Aucamp (as skrywer en persoon) dit hanteer het. Wat die uitbeelding van die queerbelewenis van veroudering en ouderdom betref, is dit duidelik dat Aucamp op baie spesifieke maniere te werk gegaan het om met deernis en begrip die gemarginaliseerde subjektiwiteit van hierdie belewing in die kollektiewe bewussyn van die Afrikaanse letterkunde te vestig. Dit is veral die homoseksuele intergenerasionele verhouding tussen senior en jonger mans wat in Aucamp se oeuvre van naderby verken word om die kompleksiteite van queerveroudering uit te wys. Queergerontologie is ʼn resente ontwikkeling binne die gerontologie wat daarop fokus om bestaande idees rondom die veroudering van queer mense te bestudeer, dit te ondermyn en alternatiewe voor te stel. Die interseksie tussen veroudering en seksualiteit word verpersoonlik deur die ouerwordende queer, en die belewing van queerveroudering word treffend deur Aucamp in sy literêre tekste verken en ge(de)konstrueer. Die literêre gerontologie, narratiewe gerontologie en queergerontologie is betreklik onderontginde teoretiese benaderings wat in hierdie proefskrif op ʼn eksperimentele manier met literêre ontledings en interpretasies vervleg word ten einde nuwe insigte te verkry in die manier waarop gerontologiese temas deur Aucamp benader word. Intergenerasionele verhoudings en die konsep van laatwerk/laatstyl verskaf verdere perspektiewe op die manier waarop veroudering en letterkunde met mekaar verband hou. Die idees van teoretici soos Anne Wyatt-Brown, Hannah Zeilig, Mike Hepworth, Jan Baars, Paul Ricoeur, Jesus Ramirez-Valles en Michel Foucault is gebruik om ʼn teoretiese raamwerk daar te stel. Sleutelwoorde: gerontologie, Hennie Aucamp, intergenerasionele teorie, laatstyl, literêre gerontologie, narratiewe gerontologie, oeuvrestudie, queergerontologie iv ABSTRACT Hennie Aucamp: a gerontological oeuvre study Hennie Aucamp's death on 20 March 2014 concluded his extensive and diverse oeuvre which can now be approached from new perspectives such as gerontology which is also known as the study of ageing. The original contribution of this thesis resides in proposing a gerontological approach to the literary works of Hennie Aucamp with reference to literary gerontology, narrative gerontology, queer gerontology and intergenerational relations. Compared to the scope of his oeuvre there is a relative dearth of research on Aucamp and none of the existing studies approach his literary oeuvre from a gerontological perspective exclusively or investigate his complete oeuvre. The respective literary texts of Aucamp, and conventions of the genres in which the texts have been written, guided the analysis and interpretation. In addition to the literary texts as aesthetic objects, which in complex ways are reflections of reality, relevant ego- documents by Aucamp were also included to give a more variegated insight into his literary oeuvre and more specifically the ways in which he explores gerontology and related themes. From both the literary texts and ego-documents,
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