DGP/21-IP/5 2/11/07

DANGEROUS GOODS PANEL (DGP)

TWENTY-FIRST MEETING

Montréal, 5 to 16 November 2007

SHIPPING BATTERIES BROCHURE

(Presented by R. Richard)

(4 pages) DGP.21.IP.005.5.en.doc

dangerous good bro_working.qxp 10/31/2007 2:20 PM Page 1 7 materials.” electric charge quickly enough to set fire surrounding lithium batteries can discharge rapidly, releasing a powerful operating life, and can be much more powerful. If short-circuited, than alkaline batteries, lithium cells provide a much longer computers, and cameras. Even though they are more costly Lithium batteries are used in many devices such as cell phones, Lithium Batteries damage. of tolerance operating conditions and where possible, from package designs to protect the battery from out packaging manufacturers incorporate safety devices i blister pack). form-fitting “retail ready” multiple batteries enclosed in a single, item that is capable of short-circuiting (example: battery from making contact with another or any pasteboard, or other inner packaging that will protect each Fully enclose individual batteries in plastic blister wrap, Packaging: DRAFTdesign safety measures into the designed. they are damaged, improperly pacemakers, but they do have the potential to be dangerous if Batteries are used for everything from flashlights to Lithium Battery Safety Issues: Battery manufacturers are aware of these dangers and packaged or not ca packaged or not cells. Likewise, lithium refully nto the battery Place contents in a sturdy outer container. • Properly cushion items to prevent movement. • Leave devices in the off position • Additional Requirements: the device. should remain within batteries, the batteries are transported with When electronics dangerous short-circuit Loose batteries can cause Improper Packaging: Fig. 9 short-circuit. movement or dangerous in order to prevent securely side-by-side, Pack these batteries Requirements: Packaging • Divider • Cushioning Dry Cell Batteries Sample Packaging: Fig. 8 metal hydride, and carbon zinc batteries. appliances. Examples include alkaline, nickel that are normally used in flashlights or small These are the sealed, non-vented batteries Dry Cell Batteries: 8 separately. or remove batteries and package DRAFT 9 Additional information on packaging and shipping recalled • Do not pack a recalled battery in checked or carryon baggage if • Only ship recalled batteries by ground transportation (i.e., do • When shipping multiple recalled batteries to the manufacturer, • Assemble and close the packaging in accordance with recall • Ship recalled batteries only in the packaging provided by • If the manufacturer recommends discharging battery, follow • Upon learning that a battery is part of recall, stop using the • Electronic Equipment: Recalled or Defective Batteries and DRAFT(www.cpsc.gov). manufacturer or the Consumer Product Safety Commission batteries or electronic equipment may be obtained from the traveling by plane. not use express mail, overnight or air-mail). batteries into a single package. individually package each battery. Never consolidate multiple instructions you receive from the manufacturer. manufacturer in association with the recall. the instructions to safely discharge battery. not attempt to recharge it. recalled battery immediately and contact the manufacturer. Do comprehensive information. to the 49 CFR and ICAO Technical Instructions for more Instructions. This is for information purposes only. Refer materials regulations (49 CFR) and ICAO Technical training requirement mandated by the U.S. hazardous This brochure is in no way intended to replace the and check back frequently to review new hazardous To comment on hazardous materials publications in For information on safe carriage of batteries and materials training products under development.

battery-powered devices during travel, visit DRAFT http://hazmat.dot.gov/HMpubsreview/ Hazardous Materials Info-Line at For more information call the 1-800-467-4922, [email protected] http://SafeT http://hazmat.dot.gov progress, please visit visit our web site at or e-mail us at ravel.dot.gov , . . , DRAFT To Know What YouNeed Safely By Air: Shipping Batteries dangerous good bro_working.qxp 10/31/2007 2:20 PM Page 2 assist you in safely packaging batteries for transport. Whether prepared this brochure with the help of industry partners to PHMSA shipped by highway, rail, water, or air. transportation of hazardous materials – including batteries Safety Administration (PHMSA) works to ensure the safe In the United States, DOT’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials DRAFTregulations they require their customers to comply with. such as FedEx, DHL, or UPS, you need to find out which in a fine or even jail time. If you are using small package carrier reason, failure to comply with the applicable regulations may result fires, burns, or other types of incidents during transport. For this requirements are not followed, these shipments may contribute to (package marking, labeling and shipping papers) handling people and property. If the applicable packaging, communication The purpose of all these regulations is to protect the safety Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization). international bodies (such as the International Civil Aviation Department of Transportation (DOT), other countries, and transported in accordance with regulations issued by the U.S. hazardous materials (also called dangerous goods) and must be property. For this reason, most batteries are considered contain corrosive liquid, which can injure people or damage circuit and overheat, which may lead to a fire. Some batteries misshandled, improperly stored, or defective batteries can short- dangerous if not handled and transported safely. Missused, However, many types of batteries have the potential to be and rely on every day. batteries are in many products we use wheelchairs and cordless tools, notebook computers, to motorized American life. From mp3-players and Batteries are an everyday staple of are shipping a single battery for notebook computer, or a pallet load of D-cells for on these precautions. handle it along the way, depends package, and of the people who flashlights, the safety of your UN SPECIFICATION PACKAGING Fig. 1 the event of a spill. to prevent leakage in liner adequately sealed acid/alkali leak-proof must incorporate an All metal containers 2 Container Sturdy Outer Inner Container Non-Conductive Divider Up” may be displayed on top of the package. packaging and pointing up. The words “This End Up” or Side Orientation arrow markings must be on the outside of upward to prevent short-circuiting and spilling of battery electrolyte. Securely fasten the batteries with fill openings and vents facing likely to result in a shortcircuit. Position batteries in an orientation within the package that is least event electrolyte spills from battery. When shipping by air, include absorbent material, if required, in the liner adequately sealed to prevent leakage in the event of a spill. page 2. These containers must incorporate an acid/alkali leak-proof an authorized UN performance standard, as pictured in Fig. 1 on Securely pack the batteries in a strong outer packaging that meets Packaging Requirements: hazardous materials Class 8 Corrosive UN2795 batteries wet filled • UN2794 batteries wet filled with • Wet Batteries: the battery is packed in such a way as to prevent short circuits. • the battery and its outer packaging are plainly durably • the battery meets certain testing and specification requirements, • when: to other U.S. or international hazardous materials regulations, nonspillable wet electric storage battery is not subject A Class 8 Corrosive hazardous materials UN2800 – Batteries, wet, nonspillable. • Nonspillable Batteries: Multiple Wet Batteries Sample Packaging: Fig. 2 with alkali, electric storage. acid, electric storage. marked ”NONSPILLABLE“ or ”NONSPILLABLE BATTERY”, and DRAFT 3 means that shippers of larger cells and batteries must comply be classified as Class 9 when transported via aircraft). This shipped as Class 9 hazardous materials (medium size need only Medium size and Large batteries cells must be Special Provision A45. ICAO Technical Instructions, Packing Instruction 903, and Manual of Tests and Criteria. See 49 CFR §173.185 the must be tested under the series of tests set forth in UN Testing. significantly over the past five years. batteries and lithium ion cells have changed pertaining to the transportation of lithium (metal) cells and carefully designed. The U.S. and international regulations catch fire if damaged, improperly packaged, cared for, or not have the potential to generate a significant amount of heat and much longer operating life than other battery chemistries. They devices. These batteries provide more energy and a military and in products such as electric vehicles mobility notebook computers. They also are used extensively by the everything from flashlights to pacemakers cell phones and Lithium metal batteries and lithium ion are used in Regulations. Class 9 Miscellaneous hazardous materials • UN3091 Lithium batteries • UN3090 Lithium batteries Lithium Batteries: sure special provision A67 applies. provision, you must check the regulations carefully, to make required). If you are shipping a nonspillable battery under this declaration requirements have been met.(No shipper’s to check the regulations carefully be sure all of contained in or packed with a piece of equipment, it is important When shipping a nonspillable battery or The ICAO Technical Instructions, in Packing Instruction 806 • DOT’s Hazardous Materials Regulations, at 49 CFR • You can find these requirements in: in equipment packed with or contained lithium ion batteries) (both lithium metal and and Special Provision A67. §173.159(d).

DRAFTUnder both sets of regulations, the batteries or cells 4 (Prior to Packaging) Lithium Battery Nonrechargeable Sample of Primary UN Specification Packaging Individually Packaged Lithium Batteries Cushioning Fully Regulated UN3090 Sample Packaging: Fig. 4 Sturdy Outer Container Divider Cushioning in Blister Pack Lithium Battery ICAO A45 Special Provision Package Sample Packaging: Fig. 3 Fully enclose individual batteries in plastic blister wrap, • ion Batteries: Some Safe Packaging Practices for Lithium Metal Batteries and regulated hazardous materials. containing larger cells and batteries that are shipped as fully “cargo aircraft only” label must be placed on packagings PASSENGER ABOARD AIRCRAFT”). A TRANSPORT FOR LITHIUM BATTERIES – FORBIDDEN batteries (“PRIMARY on packagings that contain small, consumer-type lithium metal requires specific markings aircraft. In addition, the U.S. DOT transport of lithium metal batteries on passenger-carrying hazardous materials regulations prohibit the The U.S. DOT • The ICAO Technical Instructions contain limited marking, requirements: Smaller batteries may often be shipped under relaxed training their employees. and describing the cells or batteries on a shipping paper with specific requirements for packaging, marking, labeling, enclosed in a single, form-fitting “retail ready”, blister pack). that is capable of short-circuiting (example: multiple batteries battery from making contact with another or any item pasteboard, or other inner packaging that will protect each DRAFTthat contain more than 12 batteries or 24 cells. shipping paper, and packaging requirements for packagings 5 carrier specific requirements. U.S. international hazardous materials regulations, and additional carriers will require you to certify that have complied with the carrier you plan to use, such as UPS, FedEx, or DHL. Certain Contact the hazardous materials or dangerous goods office of the Sturdy Outer Container Cushioning Non-Conductive Divider batteries with care. Handle packages containing objects and freight. Protect terminals from foreign circuits. may lead to internal short- Crushing or dropping batteries circuits). short-circuited (external short- catch fire if the terminals are Batteries may overheat or Battery Short-Circuit • Missing Cushioning • Missing • Missing Non-Conductive Divider • Missing Protective Covers Improper Packaging: Fig. 6 DRAFT Multiple Lithium Batteries Sample Packaging: Fig. 5 Example of a typical battery incident Fig. 7 6