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The Speech Acts of Parents' Advice on the Children of Tontemboan Language Speakers Residing in the Langowan Subdistrict Nontje J

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The Speech Acts of Parents' Advice on the Children of Tontemboan Language Speakers Residing in the Langowan Subdistrict Nontje J Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 383 2nd International Conference on Social Science (ICSS 2019) The Speech Acts of Parents' Advice on The Children of Tontemboan Language Speakers Residing in The Langowan Subdistrict Nontje J. Pangemanan Mister Gidion Maru Indonesian Language and Literature Study Program English Education Department/English Education Study Faculty of Language and Arts – UNIMA Program in Postgraduate Manado, Indonesia Faculty of Language and Arts – UNIMA [email protected] Manado, Indonesia [email protected] Abstract: The speech acts theory views that in family depending on the context and purpose of the speech act. interactions language is used for various purposes and The advice is said as: obedient to the command of goals, for example between parents and children to parents, diligently helping parents, respecting parents advise. This is reflected in being used by parents of and people who are older, respecting you, be careful Tontemboan-speaking children, who live in Langowan heart in association, avoiding acts of delinquency / sub-district, Minahasa district. When carrying out crime, avoiding liquor, choosing friends to hang out, speech acts in the family, parents often use the act of obedience to worship, diligent work, not wasting youth, saying advice. This study aims to describe (1) the form of preparing for the future, choosing a spouse (mate), being speech acts of advice used by parents of Tontemboan polite in association, and taking care . speakers in Langowan Sub-district and (2) the meaning Keywords- speech act advice; parents; children of the speech acts of advice used by parents of Tontemboan speakers in Langowan Subdistrict. This I. INTRODUCTION study uses a qualitative method. Qualitative methods are used to describe systematically, factually, and accurately Communication events elicit what a pragmatic expert often about speech acts of parents' advice on children of referred to as speaking behavior. This language behavior Tontemboan language speakers living in Langowan sub- spawned a follow-up event or other terms "acts of speech" district, Minahasa district. The Tontemboan language and "acts of language". As a language behavior, acts of has two variations of dialeg, called makala'ai and speech tend to be influenced by the socio-cultural matana’ai. Speakers of Tontemboan languages in the environment of the community where the language is used Langowan region are speakers with variations in dialeg by the speaker. Compound sociocultural environments makala'ai. Data collection techniques used are sometimes make speakers choose a particular language to observation and interview. Observations are used to interact. The context factors in which speech events occur observe speakers of Tontemboan languages in are the things that determine the occurrence of Langowan sub-district implementing speech acts in communication. Therefore, the choice of language in the family interactions, especially when parents give advice process of social interaction is something prevalent in a to children. Interviews are used to obtain information community[1] in which there are various languages. From through informal conversations that are still actively this perspective it can be seen that in this communication using the Tontemboan language in family interactions. process what actually occurs is mentioned above the speech This technique is complemented by the techniques of acts. Searle stated that using a language is implementing a listening, skill and note. The data analysis technique speech acts[2]. follows the flow model which includes: (1) data Speech action event puts the context as the base reduction, (2) data presentation, (3) verification, an (4) speaker specifying the language selection to be used when conclusion, namely answering the formulated problem communicating. Ferguson states that the general fact seems based on the data presented so that the results of factual to be that speakers often use more than one language in one research are obtained . The results of the study show situation by using that variety of languages in other that (1) the form of speech acts of parents' advice on the situations. Therefore, from a sociopragmatic review, it is children of Tontemboan language speakers residing in concerned with social factors as a basic component in the Langowan sub-district are: declarative sentences, explaining the socio pragmatism of why speakers do not command sentences, question sentences, request speak in the same way as one language[3]. sentences and prohibitions, (2) the meaning of speech acts used by people the parents of Tontemboan language Speaking as a process of expressing things with children who live in Langowan sub-district vary words, someone uses a different method. Someone will use Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 862 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 383 certain words depending on who is the interlocutor. Words done indirectly by the speaker to convey something[6].For that are arranged into a form of speech in the form of example: sentences are not taken for granted, but pay attention to the Tommi: For a moment the music concert must be crowded. other person and situation. More specifically, Mey stated Are we there, bro? that ‘words’ can change the world, in many contexts, but also give changes regardless of one's beliefs when speaking Jerri: I have an appointment for a while with my sister these words[4]. This is the main principle of speech going to the supermarket! acts.This description of Mey sharpens the illocutionary In the example of the conversation above, Jerri's refusal not speech acts (illocutionary acts)[4]. In reviewing speech acts to watch music concerts was done indirectly. more broadly, Austin, as quoted by Levinson divides speech acts into three categories, namely: (a) act locution, (b) In the community, there is the smallest institution, illocutionary acts, and (c) acts of perlocution[5]. The three namely the family. Family interaction makes language the categories are explained as follows. Acting locus is the act main means of communication for various purposes. In the of saying the utterance with meaning as it is in the utterance. speech act theory of interaction in the family, language is That is, the meaning of a speech act or action said can used for various purposes and goals, for example between immediately be captured from what speakers say. parents and children to advise. This is reflected in being Illocutionary action is the act of doing something, for used by parents of Tontemboan-speaking children. example a statement, questions, orders, offers, and so on. Tontemboan language is one of the languages found in the Settlement measures are the effects caused by speech Minahasa region, North Sulawesi Province. This speech act delivered by speakers. can coloring the conversation between parents and children in the middle of the family. When implementing said The creation of good communication between actions in the family, parents often use the act of saying speakers and interlocutors of speech requires a set of rules advice. Notice the example below: that need to be understood. Hymes (in Bell, 1990: 143) stated that communication requires principles or rules of (Context: The child asks for money to the mother for school language use (speaking rules). Hymes argues that language purposes) rules are the communication competencies of language users. In a sense, competence is concerned with the ability Anak : Ma’ iaku mangila’ ruit tumeles buku. to select suitable codes and modes that are appropriate for a variety of situations (settings) and certain activities. So, in “Mother,I want money to buy books”. speaking the speaker must master the rules of language use. Ibu : Kawi’iy ke’ey tumeles buku. Ma’ hemat kwa’ne The speech act study has contributed to trying to explain human language behavior in various situations. “Yesterday again bought the book ". Save money! Therefore, it is very interesting to conduct a speech act study used by speakers in a pragmatic manner, especially The mother's expression in the conversation above, at first the choice of the community in social interactions, related to glance, appears to be a request to the child, but actually it one of the functions of language serving social interests. doesn't just stop there, but gives advice to the child to learn Interaction in the family from a pragmatic perspective has to save money. Therefore, the study of speech acts in the uniqueness or special characteristics. Speech action theory form of parental advice on the children of Tontemboan in the field of pragmatism greatly helps explain language speakers is very interesting as an object of research. This phenomena between speakers in various communities and research is focused on the speech act of advice used by various situations, including families. parents to the children of Tontemboan Language speakers Searle argues that using a language is carrying out who are in Langowan Subdistrict in terms of form, function, actions said and that said actions are generally possible and and meaning of speech. can be carried out according to certain rules according to the II. RESEARCH METHOD use of linguistic elements[2]. In the said rules of action, Searle distinguishes between acts said directly and acts of Research on speech acts of parents' advice to indirect words. Acting directly is the speaker directly children of Tontemboan language speakers used descriptive conveys the intent of the conversation. For example, in a qualitative methods. Qualitative method is a method that conversation between Tommi and Jerri. attempts to examine an object, a set of conditions, a system of thought or a class of events in the present[7]. The purpose Tommi: Can you lend me money? of descriptive research is used to make a systematic, factual, Jerri: Of course Tom, I'm my friend! and accurate description or description of the speech acts of people's advice on Tontemboan language children.
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