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A Study Guide by Roger Stitson

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A Study Guide by Roger Stitson Streets of Your Town © ATOM 2016 A STUDY GUIDE BY ROGER STITSON http://www.metromagazine.com.au ISBN: 978-1-74295-935-1 http://www.theeducationshop.com.au Series Synopsis » CURRICULUM LINKS In the 1950s, pioneering architects such as Robin This study guide is mainly aimed at mid to senior Boyd, Roy Grounds and Harry Seidler adapted the secondary school levels, with relevance to English, International style of Modernism for a nation that Social and Cultural History, Media Studies, Social was ready to embrace new ideas for home design. Studies, Creative Arts, Technology and Design Studies, Cross-curriculum priority (Sustainability). Through the 1960s and 1970s, these architects continued to adapt these designs for our local culture and lifestyle, developing our own style of Modernism. EPISODE 1 This ‘new’ architecture was extremely popular and as a result our suburbs boasted some of the best SYNOPSIS architecture in the world. Beginning in Palm Springs, Tim Ross reveals the But by the end of the 1970s, things changed. origins of modernism; a philosophy of design that Australians turned their back on these modest homes emerged in the early 20th century, embracing the idea of new-ness. Then, in Canberra, Tim reveals designed specifically for our needs and climate and how mid-century modernism took hold in Australia embraced featurism – massive street presence and in an unexpected and unique way – as the forerun- enormous dwellings. The era of the McMansion ner of a domestic design revolution in our suburbs. Down-under, ‘mod’ design populated the streets of was born. In this prime-time series, Tim Ross – our towns with architectural homes for the every- broadcaster, comedian and aficionado of all things day Aussie. Modernism – tracks the stories of these houses, and As Tim introduces the viewer to modernist pio- gains unprecedented access to these iconic homes to neers like architects Robin Boyd, Harry Seidler and revel in their beauty and consider their currency and Peter McIntyre, we peek inside their iconic homes legacy in Australia’s suburbia. and learn how the best and brightest architects in the mid-century were engaged not only design- © ATOM 2016 © ATOM ing homes for wealthy clients but also for project homes across the nation. 2 Tim meets many contributors, including famous architecture and styling, particularly of residential furniture designer Mary Featherston, who shares housing and various types of public buildings in the democratic underpinnings of modernist design Australia after World War Two. in making beautiful, considered pieces as acces- sible for as many as possible, while international First, let us look more widely and generally at the Grand Designs guru, Kevin McCloud reflects on the meaning of the word, ‘modernism’. Without doing mid-century as the last great age of engineering any further research, from what you already know and design that enabled great, optimistic buildings. – or don’t know – discuss in class what you think modernism is, what it might apply to, and why? Tim leads the viewer from the years immediately Offer some examples of modernism from outside following World War Two and the birth of the the boundaries of this documentary series, Streets unique Small Homes Service, to the expansion of of Your Town. modernist show home display villages, and then, by the 1970s, whole neighbourhoods for sale in the Now carry out further research as to the definition modernist style. (or range of definitions), meaning and purpose of modernism (See ‘Modernism’ in website refer- INTRODUCTION ences.) How new is modernism? How far back into the past does modernism as a general concept As background to examining the issues raised extend? How could it apply to music, literature, art in this episode of Streets of Your Town, and the and architecture, and how might modernist forms documentary series in general, carry out the fol- First, let us look of these be somehow vastly different from earlier lowing activities, first, about Tim Ross, then about historical eras of music, literature, art and architec- the central concepts of his general subject matter more widely and ture? You might even want to find out the differ- throughout the entire program, modernism. generally at the ence between modernism and post-modernism? Is meaning of the there such a beast as a post-modern house? First, find out who the narrator-presenter of Streets of Your Town is – Tim Ross – both from the TV word, ‘modernism’. Find and compare/contrast examples of modern- series, and from elsewhere. For example, is he a Without doing any ist music, literature, art and architecture to those trained, qualified architect? Where and how did further research, of earlier styles or movements, and discuss them his love and passion for architecture and building from what you in class, showing how and why they are different, styles develop? Describe the range of activities for and what their purposes or intentions might be. To which he is known in the public sphere – for exam- already know – or help you, listen to various examples of recorded ple, his work as a comedian, ‘Rosso’, with col- don’t know – discuss music into the classroom, read aloud examples of league Merrick Watts. (See ‘Tim Ross’ in website in class what you literature, display photographs or posters of art and references.) of architectural samples. think modernism is, Throughout the program Tim refers to the term, what it might apply From Episode 1 of Streets of Your Town, discuss ‘modernism’, in discussing the development of to, and why? whether Tim defines modernism, and of the philos- ophy, the thinking behind modernism, particularly as it applies to the building of residential houses and other, public spaces. During the episode Tim refers to ‘McMansions’. What are they, why doesn’t he like them, and in what ways do they represent the opposite of his love of modernist residential houses? In general, do you agree with him, or might you defend the right of such a form and style of residential housing to exist? Do you live in what he might classify as a McMansion, and if so, how do you respond to his comments? THEMES AND ISSUES Carry out the following activities arising from your viewing of this episode. Tim begins the episode not in Australia, but in Palm © ATOM 2016 © ATOM Springs, California, USA. Explain why the local life 3 style and the clientele in Palm Springs favoured the flourishing of modernist housing architecture. of cars that came onto the motoring market in the mid-1950s? You may like to use poster paper to Tim shows us Frank Sinatra’s house (see ‘Sinatra draw a Sinatra style of house, with an equivalent house’ in website references). Find out and write a kind of automobile parked out the front, as exem- short explanation of why and when this house was plifying the ‘cool’ 1950s of the entire Sinatra era. built, and what has happened to it over the years. (Alternatively, create the image by finding relevant In what way does Tim liken the house to the types photos you could place together as a montage.) Returning to Australia, Tim suggests that the entire city of Canberra exemplifies modernism, begin- ning with the Australian Academy of Science, built in 1959. (See ‘Australian Academy of Science’ in website references.) What does this large-domed building represent to Tim, and what does it say about its role and positioning in the Australian land- scape and within Australian suburbia? In particular, explain why Tim sees it as being ‘egalitarian’. The development of residential Canberra was syn- onymous with the well-known Australian concept of the ‘quarter-acre block’. Define what you think the entire idea and image of the quarter-acre block means in the history of Australian culture. Why does Tim connect the existence and availability of this concept with the growth in ownership, during the 1950s, of the motor car, for the ‘typical’ family? Could one exist without the other? (Note that until some years after World War Two, private car own- ership for the general masses – as well as having telephones in their homes – was low.) Plan and write a poem, or a short fiction story, © ATOM 2016 © ATOM about the Australian love affair with home owner- ship and the belief in the ideal of the quarter-acre block. It may be a comedy, it may be a drama or a 4 satire. You may prefer to narrow your poem or story Were there other, similar schemes begun elsewhere down to concentrate on relationships, events and as a result of the success of the Boyd-managed situations in the lives of one or two characters, or SHS? How long did the scheme continue? Has broaden it to a commentary about the mythological there been anything similar to this scheme in recent Australian dream lifestyle. years, particularly considering the rapid rise in land values? If not, have there been calls for such a From the episode and from further research, scheme? write one or two paragraphs on the life work, as Australian architectural home designers in the Explain why, at this point in the episode (approx. modernist mode, of the following people, present- the 16th-17th minute of running time), after discuss- ed in order of the way they are introduced during ing the Small Homes Service, Tim abruptly cuts to the program: a street location of large, new houses 26 kms north of Perth. Discuss what he is attempting to juxta- • Roy Grounds, pose, here, and why. Look, in particular, not merely • Robin Boyd, at the size of the houses and the type of design, • Harry Seidler, but how this reflects the altered life styles of those • Peter McIntyre.
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