18(1) ISSN : 1815-8242 Enero - Junio TRUJILLO REPÚBLICA DEL PERÚ 2011

Home , Baccharis, Joseph Dombey, Tillandsia capillaris, Tillandsia landbeckii, Tillandsia latifolia

Revista del Museo de Historia Natural ARNALDOA

U N I V E R S I D A D P R I V A D A A N T E N O R O R R E G O

El Museo de Historia Natural, es la unidad que conserva, educa, investiga y difunde los conocimientos que generan ȱȱÇęȱȱȱȱàȱ ¢ȱàȱȱȱȱàȱ¢ȱȱȱ ȱÇǰȱȱȱȱȱȱȱǯ

1 $UQDOGRD ,661 Floristic Checklist of the Peruvian Lomas Formations &DWiORJRÀRUtVWLFRGHODVLomas peruanas Michael O. Dillon Botany Department, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA. PGLOORQ#¿HOGPXVHXPRUJ Segundo Leiva González & Mario Zapata Cruz Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Casilla Postal 1075, Trujillo, PERÚ. VHJXQGRBOHLYD#KRWPDLOFRPP]DSDWDF#XSDRHGXSH Pedro Lezama Asencio Departamento Académico de Ciencias, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, PERU. SOH]DPDD# JPDLOFRP Victor Quipuscoa Silvestre Departamento Académico de Biología, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Arequipa, PERU. YTXLSXVFRDV#KRWPDLOFRP

Abstract $ÀRULVWLFFKHFNOLVWRIWKH3HUXYLDQlomasIRUPDWLRQVLVSUHVHQWHGFRQVLVWLQJRIRQH*QHWRSK\WD J\PQRVSHUP IDPLOLHVJHQHUDDQGVSHFLHVRI/LOLRSVLGD PRQRFRW\OHGRQV DQGIDPLOLHVJHQHUDDQGVSHFLHVRI 0DJQROLRSVLGD GLFRW\OHGRQV IRUDJUDQGWRWDORIIDPLOLHVJHQHUDDQGVSHFLHV7KHFKHFNOLVWLVEXWDVQDSVKRW RIWKLVÀRUDRXUVRXUFHVRIUHFRUGVLQFOXGHVPDQ\\HDUVRI¿HOGFROOHFWLQJUHFRUGLQJlomasSODQWVKHUEDULDLQ3HUXWKH 8QLWHG6WDWHVDQG(XURSH5HFRUGVDUHVXSSRUWHGZLWKYRXFKHUVRIZKLFKWKHPDMRULW\DUHDFFHVVLEOHYLDDVHDUFKDEOH GDWDEDVHDQGDVVRFLDWHGZLWKGLJLWL]HGKHUEDULXPLPDJHV$EULHIGHVFULSWLRQRIWKH3HUXYLDQlomasIRUPDWLRQVDUHYLHZ RIKLVWRULFDOFROOHFWLQJHIIRUWVDQGDGLVFXVVLRQRIIDFWRUVLQÀXHQFLQJlomasG\QDPLFVDUHSUHVHQWHG/RFDOLW\PDSVDQG DOLVWLQJRIlomasIRUPDWLRQVZLWKDSSUR[LPDWHFRRUGLQDWHVDUHSURYLGHG .H\ZRUGV3HUXFKHFNOLVWlomas formation.

Resumen 6HSUHVHQWDXQFDWiORJRÀRULVWLFRGHODVlomasFRVWHUDVGHO3HU~TXHFRQVLVWHGHXQD*QHWRSK\WD JLPQRVSHUPD IDPLOLDVJHQHURV\HVSHFLHVGH/LOLRSVLGD PRQRFRWLOHGRQHDV \IDPLOLDVJHQHURV\HVSHFLHVGH 0DJQROLRSVLGD GLFRWLOHGRQHDV KDFLHQGRXQWRWDOGHIDPLOLDVJHQHURV\HVSHFLHV(OFDWiORJRFRQVWLWX\HXQ FRQVROLGDGRGHODÀRUDORPDOFX\DVIXHQWHVGHUHJLVWURVLQFOX\HQPXFKRVDxRVGHUHFROHFFLRQGHPXHVWUDVHQHOFDPSR DVLFRPRFRQVXOWDVHQKHUEDULRVGH3HU~(VWDGRV8QLGRV\(XURSD/RVUHJLVWURVHVWDQUHVSDOGDGRVSRUFROHFFLRQHVGH KHUEDULRGHODVFXDOHVODPD\RUtDVRQDFFHVLEOHVYLDEDVHVGHGDWRV\DVRFLDGDVFRQLPDJHQHVGHKHUEDULRGLJLWDOL]DGDV 6HSUHVHQWDWDPELHQXQDEUHYHGHVFULSFLRQGHODVLomasSHUXDQDVXQDUHYLVLRQKLVWyULFDGHORVHVIXHU]RVGHUHFROHFFLyQ \XQDGLVFXVLRQGHORVIDFWRUHVTXHLQÀX\HQHQODGLQiPLFDlomal$VLPLVPRVHSURSRUFLRQDQPDSDVGHORFDOLGDGHV\ XQDOLVWDGHIRUPDFLRQHVGHlomasFRQFRRUGHQDGDVDSUR[LPDGDV 3DODEUDVFODYH3HU~FDWiORJRIRUPDFLyQ lomal.

Introduction DQGODUJHO\UHVWULFWHGWRWKHIRJ]RQHORFDWLRQVRUlomas )RU QHDUO\ NP DORQJ WKH ZHVWHUQ FRDVW RI IRUPDWLRQV ³VPDOOKLOOV´ 7KHÀRULVWLFFRPPXQLWLHVRI 6RXWK$PHULFD >6 ODWLWXGH@WKH 3HUXYLDQ DQG the lomas formations essentially function as terrestrial $WDFDPDGHVHUWVIRUPDFRQWLQXRXVK\SHUDULGEHOW LVODQGVVHSDUDWHGE\K\SHDULGKDELWDWZKHUHYLUWXDOO\ EURNHQ RQO\ E\ RFFDVLRQDO ULYHUV YDOOH\V IURP WKH QRSODQWVH[LVW,Q3HUXQRIHZHUWKDQORFDOLWLHV $QGHDQ &RUGLOOHUD 1DWLYH YHJHWDWLRQ RI WKH GHVHUWV KDYHEHHQUHFRJQL]HGDVXQLTXHDVVHPEODJHVDOWKRXJK FRQVLVWVRIRYHUVSHFLHVPDQ\KLJKO\HQGHPLF VRPHDUHQRZFRPSOHWHO\GHVWUR\HGGXHWRWKHDFWLRQV

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Bayóvar Desierto De Sechura

0 100 200 300 Chiclayo Cerro Reque

Cerro Campana Cerro Cabezón Cerro Chiputur Trujillo Cerro Virú BRAZIL

Cerro Chimbote Casma 10`S Lupín Pativilca Barranca PERÚ Lachay Iguanil Pasamayo Isla San Lorenzo Lima Lurin Atocongo Asia Cañete Isla San Gallán Pisco Amara Ica Jajuay BOLIVIA 13`S San Nicolás Cháparra San Juan Arequipa Lomas Atico Ocoña Atiquipa Cachendo Chala PACIFIC OCEAN Carranza Sama Grande Mollendo Mejía Ilo Ite Tacna Arica

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PERU no vegetation 1000

Tillandsia spp 800

600 woody plants 400

herbaceous perennials Elevation(m)

200 cryptogams 0 no vegetation Tillandsia spp

Fig. 2. Diagram illustrating interaction of fog and vegetation in the Lomas Formations. (Adapted from Rundel HWDO. 1991)

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Fig. 4. A. LomasIRUPDWLRQVDW3DFKDFDPDF'HSDUWPHQWRI/LPD%Lomas Formations near Arequipa, Department of Arequipa. Fog clouds or “garua” can be seen laying on hillsides in the morning.

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,QWKHVWURQJ(O1LxR\HDURIERWK)UDQFLV: VWXGHQWRI:HEHUEDXHUDQGSXEOLVKHGWKH¿UVWV\VWHPDWLF 3HQQHOO EG DQG ,YDQ 0XUUD\ -RKQVWRQ FRPSLODWLRQRISODQWVIRXQGZLWKLQWKHlomas formations EG FROOHFWHGLQWKHlomas formations of )HUUH\UD 1LFROiV$QJXOR(VSLQR VRXWKHUQ3HUX(ULFK:HUGHUPDQQ EG D $UQDOGR/ySH]0LUDQGD EG DQG ERWDQLVWZLWKWKH%HUOLQ'DKOP%RWDQLFDO0XVHXPDOVR $EXQGLR 6DJiVWHJXL$OYD DOO KDYH FROOHFWHG ZLWKLQ FROOHFWHGLQVRXWKHUQ3HUXLQ$QDPDWHXUERWDQLVW the lomas formations of Peru. The latter collector IURP(QJODQG'RUD%6WDIIRUGPDGHDVHULHVRIFROOHFWLRQV PDGH H[WHQVLYH FROOHFWLRQV RQ &HUUR &DPSDQD DQG IURPGHSDUWPHQWVLQVRXWKHUQ3HUXEHWZHHQDQG VXUURXQGLQJDUHDVGXULQJWKHVWURQJ(O1LxR\HDUVRI FI6WDIIRUG +HUHIIRUWV\LHOGHGPDQ\ 7KRVHFROOHFWLRQVSURYLGHGWKHEDVLVIRUDQ collections from the lomas IRUPDWLRQVHVSHFLDOO\LQWKH LQYHQWRU\RIWKHUHJLRQVlomasIRUPDWLRQV 6DJiVWHJXL 0ROOHQGRDUHD7+DUSHU*RRGVSHHG EG HWDO 0LNLR2QRRIWKH7RN\R0HWURSROLWDQ IURPWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI&DOLIRUQLDDW%HUNHOH\LQLWLDWHGD 8QLYHUVLW\ -DSDQ GLUHFWHG D VHULHV RI H[SHGLWLRQV VHULHVRIH[SHGLWLRQVWR3HUX*RRGVSHHG SXEOLVKHG WRFRDVWDO3HUXDQG&KLOHLQWKH¶V+HDQGKLV DQDFFRXQWRIWKHH[SHGLWLRQVLQKLVERRN3ODQW+XQWHUV FROOHDJXHVFRQGXFWHGDZLGHYDULHW\RILQYHVWLJDWLRQV LQWKH$QGHV'XULQJDVWURQJ(O1LxR\HDURIKH ZLWKLQ WKH lomas IRUPDWLRQV LQFOXGLQJ FRXQWLQJ YLVLWHGWKHLomasRI/DFKD\DQG/XUtQZLWK:HEHUEDXHU chromosomes of lomasVSHFLHVFDOFXODWLQJELRPDVV DQGGHVFULEHGWKHlomasIRUPDWLRQVDV³0HDGRZVRQWKH DQGGRFXPHQWLQJVHHGEDQNV 2KJD 'HVHUW´$GGLWLRQDOFROOHFWRUVLQKLVJURXSLQFOXGHG$$ 2ND 2JDZD2QR %HHWOH EG +(6WRUN EG 2 %HJLQQLQJLQWKHVWURQJ(O1LxR\HDURI02 %+RUWRQ&5:RUWK E -/0RUULVRQ E 'LOORQEHJDQFROOHFWLQJZLWKLQWKHlomas formations 5'0HWFDOI3&+XWFKLVRQ EG -:HVW ZKLFKFXOPLQDWHGLQVHYHUDOWKRXVDQGVRIDFFHVVLRQVDQG EG DQG-.:ULJKW DVHULHVRISDSHUVGHVFULELQJWKHYHJHWDWLRQRIFRDVWDO3HUX 5DPyQ )HUUH\UD +XHUWD EG ZDV D DQG&KLOH VHH'LOORQ'LOORQ

)LJLomas formation near Atiquipa, Department of Arequipa.

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5XQGHO5XQGHOHWDO $ÀRULVWLF ELRJHRJUDSKLFDOTXHVWLRQVLQYROYLQJSODQWVRIWKHlomas GDWDEDVHFRYHULQJWKHHQWLUHDUHDLVDYDLODEOH VHH'LOORQ IRUPDWLRQ IURP DQ H[SOLFLW SK\ORJHQHWLF IUDPHZRUN &ROOHFWLQJH[SHGLWLRQVZHUHFRQGXFWHGGXULQJDQG (Dillon HWDO*HQJOHU1RZDN+XHUWDVHW DIWHUVWURQJ(O1LxR\HDUVRI al/XHEHUW :HQ0RRUH -DQVHQ DQG7KHVHHIIRUWVKDYH\LHOGHGVHYHUDOWD[DQHZ 6LPSVRQHWDO to science (Dillon HWDO(OLVHQV*yPH]6RVD .UDSRYLFNDV5RELQVRQ 0RRUH Overall Diversity

6HYHUDO VWXGLHV KDYH FRQWULEXWHG WR WKH JHQHUDO LomasFRPPXQLWLHVOLNHDQ\RWKHUSODQWIRUPDWLRQ NQRZOHGJHDQGGHVFULSWLRQRIWKH3HUXYLDQ'HVHUWDQG DUHQRWVWDWLFUDWKHUWKHLUFRPSRVLWLRQLVLQFRQVWDQW lomasIRUPDWLRQV HJ'LOORQ)HUUH\UD FKDQJHZKLOHVRPHVSHFLHVDUHFRQVWDQWRWKHUVFRPH /HLYDHWDO5XQGHOHWDO DQG DQGJRZLWKHDFKVHDVRQ'XULQJDQGDIWHUVWURQJ(O VRPHKDYHDGGUHVVHGELRJHRJUDSKLFTXHVWLRQVIURPWKH 1LxRHYHQWVUDUHVSHFLHVDUHUHFRUGHGWKDWPD\QRWEH SRLQWRIYLHZRILWVÀRUD *DOiQGH0HUDHWDO HQFRXQWHUHGLQLQWHUYHQLQJ\HDUV7KHOLVWLQJRISODQWV /H]DPD 'LOORQ LQSUHS 0DVX]DZD5XQGHO ZHSUHVHQWLVDORQJWHUPFRPSLODWLRQGUDZQIURP\HDUV 'LOORQ'LOORQ3LQWR /XHEHUW RIREVHUYDWLRQDQGKHUEDULXPVWXG\&XUUHQWHVWLPDWHV 2WKHUDXWKRUVKDYHVWXGLHVWKHFRPPXQLW\HFRORJ\DQG IRUWKHWRWDOQXPEHURIVSHFLHVUHSUHVHQWHGZLWKLQWKH SURGXFWLYLW\RIUHJLRQDOIRUPDWLRQV FI-LPpQH]HWDO. Peruvian lomasIRUPDWLRQVFRQVLVWVRIIDPLOLHV 3pIDXU $IHZVWXGLHVKDYHDSSURDFKHG JHQHUDDQGFDVSHFLHV

Table 1. Families represented within the Lomas Formations of Peru with high diversity at the generic or species level.

Families Genera %URPHOLDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@7LOODQGVLDVSS 3RDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@(UDJURVWLVVSS3DVSDOXPVSS Asteraceae >JHQHUDVSS@2SK\URVSRUXVVSS6HQHFLRVSS %RUDJLQDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@+HOLRWURSLXPVSS7LTXLOLDVSS %UDVVLFDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@ &DFWDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@1HRSRUWHULDVSS )DEDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@ 0DOYDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@3DODXDVSS 6RODQDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@1RODQDVSS6RODQXPVSS Calceolariaceae &DOFHRODULDVSS &\SHUDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@&\SHUXVVSS $PDUDQWKDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@$OWHUQDQWKHUDVSS 2[DOLGDFHDH 2[DOLVVSS 3LSHUDFHDH 3HSHURPLDVSS $L]RDFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@7HWUDJRQLDVSS &RQYROYXODFHDH >JHQHUDVSS@,SRPRHDVSS Santalaceae 4XLQFKDPDOLXPVSS

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Fig. 6. Lomas formations near the Lagunas de Mejia in 1983, Department of Arequipa.

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PHQWLRQ IRU KHU HIIRUWV DW LGHQWL¿QJ DQG DQQRWDWLQJ Dillon, M.O., T. Tu, A. Soejima, T. Yi, Z. Nie, A. Tye, & FROOHFWLRQV7KH DXWKRUV DFFHSW DQ\ DQG DOO HUURUV J. Wen.3K\ORJHQ\RI1RODQD (Nolaneae, Solanoideae, Solanaceae) as inferred from granule-bound starch synthase I RPLVVLRQVRUPLVDSSOLFDWLRQRIQDPHVLQWKHOLVW *%66, VHTXHQFHV7D[RQ Dillon, M.O., T. Tu, L. Xie, V. Quipuscoa S., & J. Wen. Literature cited %LRJHRJUDSKLFGLYHUVL¿FDWLRQLQ1RODQD (Solanaceae), a Anderson, E. F. 7KHFDFWXVIDPLO\7LPEHU3UHVV3RUWODQG ubiquitous member of the Atacama and Peruvian Deserts along Oregon, USA. the western coast of South America. Journal of Systematics & (YROXWLRQ Barthlott , W. , and D. R. Hunt. 1993 . Cactaceae. ,Q K. Kubitzki [ed.], The families and genera of vascular plants. Duncan, T. & M.O. Dillon. 1991. Numerical analysis of the Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA. ÀRULVWLFUHODWLRQVKLSVRIWKHORPDVRI3HUXDQG&KLOH$EVWU Abstract Amer. J. Bot. 78: 183. Beresford-Jones, D.G.&KDSWHU7KH*HQXV3URVRSLV RQWKH6RXWK&RDVW3S,Q Pre- Hispanic 3URVRSLV- Elisens, W.J.*HQHWLFGLYHUJHQFHLQ*DOYH]LD Human Relationships on the South Coast of Peru: Riparian (Scrophulariaceae): evolutionary and biogeographic Forests in the Context of Environmental and Cultural Trajectories UHODWLRQVKLSVDPRQJ6RXWK$PHULFDQDQG*DOiSDJRVVSHFLHV of the Lower Ica Valley. PhD Dissertation, Magdalene College, $PHULFDQ-RXUQDORI%RWDQ\ University of Cambridge, UK. Ferreyra, R. &RPXQLGDGHVYHJHWDOHVGHDOJXQDVORPDV Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi.&DWDORJXHRIWKHÀRZHULQJ FRVWDQHUDVGHO3HU~(VWDF([S$JULFROD/D0ROLQD%RO plants & gymnosperms of Peru. (Monographs in Systematic Ferreyra, R. 1961. Las Lomas Costaneras del extremo sur del %RWDQ\9RO 0LVVRXUL%RWDQLFDO*DUGHQ6W/RXLV02 3HU~%ROHWtQGHOD6RFLHGDG$UJHQWLQDGH%RWiQLFD 1286 pp. Ferreyra, R. 1983. Los tipos de vegetación de la costa peruana. Dillon, M. O.7KH%RWDQLFDO5HVSRQVHRIWKH$QGHDQ'HVHUW $QDOHV-DUG%RW0DGULG Lomas Formations to the 1982-83 El Niño Event. Abstract Amer. -%RW Fryxell, P. A. 1996. )XHUWHVLPDOYD, a new genus of neotropical Malvaceae. Sida 17(1): 69–76. Dillon, M. O. 1989. Origins and diversity of the lomas formations in the Atacama and Peruvian Deserts of western South America. Galán de Mera, A., J.A. Vicente-Orellana, J.A. Lucas $EVWUDFW$PHU-%RW García & A. Probanza Lobo. 1997. Phytogeographical VHFWRULQJRIWKH3HUXYLDQFRDVW*OREDO(FRO%LRJHRJU/HWW Dillon, M. O. 1994. Andean Botanical Information System/Sistema *HQJOHU1RZDN.05HFRQVWUXFWLRQRIWKH de Información Botánica Andina. URL:http://www.sacha.org/, biogeographical history of Malesherbiaceae. Botanical Review DFFHVVHG1RYHPEHU 68(1): 171–188. Dillon, M.O./RPDV)RUPDWLRQV3HUXSS,Q S. Gómez-Sosa, E. 1986. $VWUDJDOXVQHREDUQHE\DQXV (Leguminosae): D Davis, V. H. Heywood, O. Herrera- McBryde, J. Villa-Lobos A New Species from Peru. Brittonia 38(4): 427- 429. DQG$&+DPLOWRQ HGV &HQWUHVRI3ODQW'LYHUVLW\$*XLGH and Strategy for their Conservation. WWF, Information Press, Goodspeed, T.H. 1961 [1941]. Plant Hunting In The Andes. Oxford, U.K. Berkeley: University of California Press, 429 pp. Dillon, M.O.6RODQDFHDHRIWKH/RPDVIRUPDWLRQVRI Huertas, M. L., J. V. Schneider, & G. Zizka. &RDVWDO3HUXDQG&KLOH3S,Q: Hollowell, V., Keating, Phylogenetic Analysis of 3DODXD (Malveae, Malvaceae) based T., Lewis, W. & Croat, T. (eds.), $)HVWVFKULIWIRU:LOOLDP* RQ3ODVWLGDQG1XFOHDU6HTXHQFHV6\V%RW '¶$UF\7KH/HJDF\RID7D[RQRPLVW. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Hunt , D. , N. P. Taylor , & G. Charles7KHQHZ $QQ0LVVRXUL%RW*DUG cactus lexicon. dh Books, Milborne Port, UK. Dillon, M. O.)ORUDRIWKH/RPDV)RUPDWLRQV85/KWWS Jiménez, P., F. Villasante, C. Talavera, L. Villegas, HPXZHE¿HOGPXVHXPRUJERWDQ\VHDUFKBORPDVSKSDFFHVVHG E. Huaman, & A. Ortega. 1998. Southern Peru Loma’s -DQ )ORUD3S,Q: Schemenauer, R. (ed). Proceedings of Dillon, M.O. & P. W. Rundel. 7KHERWDQLFDOUHVSRQVHRI the First International Conference on Fog and Fog Collection, the Atacama and Peruvian Desert Flora to the 1982-83 El Niño 19-24 July 1998, Vancouver, Canada. pp. 492. HYHQW3S,Q3:*O\QQ HG *OREDO(FRORJLFDO Jiménez, P.M., C. Talavera, L. Villegas, F. Villasante, Consequences of the 1982-83 El Niño- Southern Oscillation, A. Ortega, & M. Jiménez.%,$WLTXLSD,VOD Elsevier Science Publishers, New York. de Biodiversidad en el Desierto Costero Perúano. II Congreso Dillon, M.O. , S. Leiva, & V. Quipuscoa. )LYHQHZ ,QWHUQDFLRQDOGH&LHQWt¿FRV3HUXDQRV/LPD$EVWUDFWS species of 1RODQD (Solanaceae-Nolaneae) from Peru and notes Krapovickas, A. 1996. Sinopsis del género *D\D (Malvaceae). RQWKHFODVVL¿FDWLRQIRUDGGLWLRQDOWD[D$UQDOGRD %RQSODQGLD

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Lanning, E. P.(DUO\0DQLQ3HUX6FLHQWL¿F$PHULFDQ of Southern Peru. Vegetatio 49: 163 - 171. León B., A. Cano, & K. R. Young./RVKHOHFKRVGHODV Pinto, R., & F. Luebert. 'DWRVVREUHODÀRUDYDVFXODU lomas costeras del Perú / Ferns of the fog vegetation of coastal del desierto costero de Arica y Tarapacá, Chile, y sus relaciones Peru. Arnaldoa 9(2): 7-41. ¿WRJHRJUi¿FDVFRQHOVXUGH3HU~*D\DQD%RWiQLFD± Leiva-G.,S., M. Zapata C., G. Gayoso B., P. Lezama Price, R. A.6\VWHPDWLFVRIWKH*QHWDOHVDUHYLHZRI A., V. Quipuscoa S., & M.O. Dillon.'LYHUVLGDG morphological and molecular evidence. International Journal of Plant ÀRUtVWLFDGHOD/RPD0RQJyQ3URYLQFLD&DVPD'HSDUWDPHQWR 6FLHQFHV 6XSS%LRORJ\DQG(YROXWLRQRI*QHWDOHV66 Ancash, Perú - Floristic diversity of Loma Mongon, Casma Raimondi, A.(O3HU~LWLQHUDULRGHYLDMHV YHUVLyQOLWHUDOGH 3URYLQFH$QFDVK'HSDUWPHQW3HUX$UQDOGRD las libretas originales) Lima. Imprenta Torres Aguirre. Lezama-A, P. & M.O. Dillon.1XPHULFDO$QDO\VLVRIWKH Robinson, H. & A. J. Moore.1HZVSHFLHVDQGQHZ Peruvian Lomas Formations. Arnaldoa: In Press. combinations in 5K\VROHSLV (Heliantheae: Asteraceae) Proc. Luebert, F. & J. Wen.3K\ORJHQHWLF$QDO\VLVDQG Biol. Soc. Wash. 117(3): 423-446. (YROXWLRQDU\'LYHUVL¿FDWLRQRI+HOLRWURSLXP Sect. &RFKUDQHD Ruiz-López, H. & J. Pavón. 1799. Flora Peruviana, et (Heliotropiaceae) in the Atacama Desert. Systematic Botany Chilensis, sive descriptiones, et icones Plantarum Peruvianarum, ± et Chilensium, secundum systema Linnaeanum digestae, cum Masuzawa, T. 1986. Structure of 7LOODQGVLD lomas community in characteribus plurium generum evulgatorum reformatis. v. 2: Peru coast. In: Taxonomic and ecological studies on the lomas 6-8, plates CXII, CXIII. YHJHWDWLRQLQWKH3DFL¿FFRDVWRI3HUX*HRJUDSKLFDO Rundel, P.W., M.O. Dillon, H. A. Mooney, S.L. Gulmon, Reports of Tokyo Metropolitan University. Tokyo. No. 19. & J.R. Ehleringer. 1991. The phytogeography and ecology Moore M. J. & R. K. Jansen.0ROHFXODUHYLGHQFHIRU RIWKHFRDVWDO$WDFDPDDQG3HUXYLDQ'HVHUWV$OLVR the age, origin, and evolutionary history of the American desert Rundel, P. & M.O. Dillon. 1998. Ecological patterns in the plant genus 7LTXLOLD (Boraginaceae) Molecular Phylogenetics Bromeliaceae of the lomas formations of Coastal Chile and and Evolution. 39: 668-687. Peru. Plant Syst. Evo. 212: 261-278. Ohga, N. 1986. Dynamics of the buried seed population in soil, Rundel , P.W., P.E Villagra, M.O. Dillon, S. Roig- and the mechanisms of maintenance of the herbaceous lomas Juñent and G. Debandi.&KDSWHU$ULGDQGVHPL vegetation in the coastal desert of central Peru. ,Q Ono, M. (ed.), DULGHFRV\VWHPV3S,Q Veblen, T.T., K. R. Young & Taxonomic and ecological studies on the lomas vegetation in $52UPH HGV 7KH3K\VLFDO*HRJUDSK\RI6RXWK$PHULFD WKH3DFL¿FFRDVWRI3HUX0DNLQR+HUEDULXP7RN\R0HWURSRO Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK, 368 pp. 8QLYHUVLW\7RN\R3S Sagástegui, A., J. Mostacero, & S. López. 1988. Fitoecología Ohga, N. 1991. Distribution Patterns of Buried Seeds in the del Cerro Campana. Bol. Soc. Bot. La Libertad 14: 1-47. Herbaceous Lomas Community over the Entire Plateau on Loma Ancon in the Coastal Desert of Central Peru. Journal of Simpson, B. B., Tate, J. A. and Weeks, A. $ULG/DQG6WXGLHV The biogeography of +RIIPDQQVHJJLD (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Caesalpinieae): a tale of many travels. Ohga, N. 1992. Buried seed population in the herbaceous lomas -RXUQDORI%LRJHRJUDSK\± on Loma Ancon in the coastal desert of central Peru. Ecological 5HVHDUFK Steele, A. R. 1982. Flowers for the King: The expedition of Ruiz and Pavón and the Flora of Peru. Oka, S. & H. Ogawa. 1984. The distribution of lomas vegetation DQGLWVFOLPDWLFHQYLURQPHQWVDORQJWKHSDFL¿FFRDVWRI3HU~ Stafford, D. 1939. On the Flora of Southern Peru. Proc. Linnean ,Q*HRJUDSKLFDO5HSRUWVRI7RN\R0HWURSROLWDQ 6RF/RQGRQ University. Tokyo. No. 19. Tryon, R.7KH(FRORJ\RI3HUXYLDQ)HUQV$PHULFDQ)HUQ Olmstead, R.G, C.W. Depamphilis, A.D. Wolfe, N.D. -RXUQDO Young, W.J. Elisons, & P. A. Reeves.'LVLQWHJUDWLRQ Vermeij, G.J.$QHFRORJLFDOFULVLVLQDQHYROXWLRQDU\ of the Scrophulariaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 88(2): 348–361. FRQWH[W(O1LxRLQWKHHDVWHUQ3DFL¿F3S±,Q P.W. *O\QQ HG *OREDO(FRORJLFDO&RQVHTXHQFHVRIWKH± Ono, M. 1982. A Preliminary Report of Taxonomic and Ecological El Niño- Southern Oscillation. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 6WXGLHVRQWKH/RPDV9HJHWDWLRQLQWKH3DFL¿F&RDVWRI3HUX In: M. Ono (ed.). Makino Herbarium. Tokyo Metropolitan University. Weberbauer, A./DLQÀXHQFLDGHFDPELRVFOLPiWLFRV\ geológicos sobre la vegetación de la costa peruana. Academia Ono, M. 1986. Taxonomic and Ecological Studies on the Lomas 1DFLRQDOGH&LHQFLDV([DFWDV)tVLFDV\1DWXUDOHV 9HJHWDWLRQLQWKH3DFL¿F&RDVWRI3HUX3S,Q M. Ono (ed.). Makino Herbarium. Tokyo Metropolitan University. Weberbauer, A.(O0XQGR9HJHWDOGHORV$QGHV 3HUXDQRV(VWXGLR)LWRJHRJUi¿FR(VWDFLyQ([SHULPHQWDO Péfaur, J. E. 1982. Dynamics of plant communities in the Lomas Agrícola de La Molina. Ministerio de Agricultura, Lima. 776 pp.

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Fig. 7. Lomas Formations, A. LomasQHDU&KDSL'HSDUWPHQWRI$UHTXLSD%Lomas north of Tacna in 1983, Department of Tacna.

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22 $UQDOGRD Dillon ȱǯǱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ

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