Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by the Andean People of Canta, Lima, Peru

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by the Andean People of Canta, Lima, Peru See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266388116 Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Andean people of Canta, Lima, Peru Article in Journal of Ethnopharmacology · June 2007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.018 CITATIONS READS 38 30 3 authors, including: Percy Amilcar Pollito University of São Paulo 56 PUBLICATIONS 136 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All content following this page was uploaded by Percy Amilcar Pollito on 14 November 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 111 (2007) 284–294 Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Andean people of Canta, Lima, Peru Horacio De-la-Cruz a,∗, Graciela Vilcapoma b, Percy A. Zevallos c a Facultad de Ciencias Biol´ogicas, Universidad Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru b Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru c Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru Received 14 June 2006; received in revised form 15 November 2006; accepted 19 November 2006 Available online 2 December 2006 Abstract A survey aiming to document medicinal plant uses was performed in Canta Province Lima Department, in the Peruvians Andes of Peru. Hundred and fifty people were interviewed. Enquiries and informal personal conversations were used to obtain information. Informants were men and women over 30 years old, who work in subsistence agriculture and cattle farming, as well as herbalist. Eighty-seven species were colleted and identified that had indigenous uses. Common names, habit, part of the plant used, preparation, administration and illnesses treated were recorded for each species. Results are compared with other ethnopharmacological studies performed in the Peruvian Andes. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Ethnobotany; Medicinal plants; Canta; Peru 1. Introduction from Canta belong to Quichua ethnic group (IIP, 1994). Canta ancient people were hunters and soldiers of the Atavillos, which Peru is considered among the 12 mega-diverse countries of were conquered by the Inca Pachacute’s army. The Spaniard’s the world, and its number of vascular plants species is estimated reported Canta as a prosperous region, establishing there one of to be around 19,500, representing 10% of the global plant diver- the oldest co regiments of the first Virreinato (Rostworowski, sity (Gentry, 1982; McNeely et al., 1990; Brako and Zarucchi, 1978). 1993), The richness of this diversity reflects also in its use, as Traditional knowledge has been transmitted through genera- for most people in Peru, its constitutes the prime resource for tions, submitted to an historical process of transformation, and food, medicine, energy, craft, dye, fiber, art, ritual and symbolic has actually its more visible expression in ritualized events such human activities. For some authors, the Andean region is per- as “champerias” (cleaning-up the streams), “rodeos” (counting haps the region were there is with the highest number of multiple the cattle), as well as in individual relations such as “aichama” use species (Young, 1991; Roersch, 1994; Chepstow-Lusty and (mutual assistance and reciprocity duty), and also, of course, in Winfield, 2000). This means that in the Andean region of Peru, the traditional use of the medicinal plants. indigenous communities still maintain traditional uses linked Despite the interest presented by the medicinal plants from with biodiversity, and that medicinal plants are sometimes the the Peruvian Andean region, very few paper have been pub- only possible available treatment for treating illness, generally lished at an international level related with this topic (Friedherg, together with spiritual practices, in form of a traditional cure 1978; Cerrate, 1979; Roersch, 1994; Hammond et al., 1998; (De-Feo, 1992; Hammond et al., 1998). Lopez,´ 1998), or regionally (Lira, 1985; Avendano,˜ 1988; Canta is a small town, located at 180 km from Peru cap- Caceda´ Diaz, 1993; Inmetra-Cajamarca, 1994). Because of this, ital, Lima, comprises 13,470 inhabitants. Most of the People and in the context of ethno-cultural erosion due to globaliza- tion, the present research aimed to identify medicinal plants species used by the population of Canta and document the tra- ∗ Corresponding author at: Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas,´ Universidad Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru. Tel.: +51 74 282858. ditional medicinal knowledge associated with the use of these E-mail address: [email protected] (H. De-la-Cruz). plants. 0378-8741/$ – see front matter © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.018 H. De-la-Cruz et al. / Journal of Ethnopharmacology 111 (2007) 284–294 285 2. Methodology region and whose livelihoods were subsistence agriculture and cattle farming. In the majority of the cases the interviewers were Study area is located on the river Chillon on the western approached in their own houses and then were accompanied into slope of the central Andes in Peru, to the north east of the City of the field to find and collect the species they mentioned. The data Lima (Fig. 1). The zone is 11◦24–00◦00S and 76◦30–00◦00W, registered for the plants were: common name, habit, part of the with a highest point of 2 832 m. The monthly average tempera- plant that is used, preparation, administration, and illness treated. ture is 13.6 ◦C and precipitation is 350 mm/year. Its ecosystems Fieldwork was done during the dry season (May–October) in are highly fragmented, with marked environment gradients, and 2003 and 2004. extreme changes of temperature and precipitation because of Herbarium voucher specimens were deposited and identi- the influence of the Andean cordillera (Young, 1991). Most of fied with the help of specialists in the herbarium MOL of the the people is subsistence farmers, cultivating varieties of pota- Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (Lima) and in the toes, oca (Oxalis tuberosa), wheat, olluco (Ullucus tuberosus) Herbarium San Marcos del Museum of de Natural History of and barley, and also raising cattle. Information was obtained by the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (USM), Lima semi-structured interviews and personal conversation with the (Peru). indigenous healers (called in Quichua Wayra), who treat illness using plants, midwives, who assist births and give treatments 3. Results and discussion throughout pregnancy, plant traders who buy and sell medicinal plants (called “herbolarios” in local Spanish) and other peo- Results are listed in Table 1. Eighty-seven species belonging ple with plant knowledge. Hundred and fifty indigenous people to 62 genera and 31 families of vascular plants were reported from the localities of Obrajillo, Arahuay, Carhua, Pariamarca, as having medicinal use (Table 1). Asteraceae was the family Lachaqui, Huaros and Cullhuay (Fig. 1) were interviewed. Care with the largest number medicinal species (34), followed by the was taken to obtain permission from local authorities repre- Solanaceae (5), Lamiaceae (5) and Fabaceae (3). These four fam- senting indigenous communities, in order to have access to the ilies together represent 58% of the total of the medicinal species communities and obtain ethnobotanical information. Informants found in Canta. The remaining 41% of species belonged to 27 were selected accordingly to recommendations given by these families, each represented by one or two species. Our results local authorities. agreed with other studies carried out in similar eco-regions in Information presented was completed by informants were Peru or Andean near-by countries where Asteraceae register the men and women over 30 years old, all belonging to the rural highest number of medicinal species together with Solanaceae, Fig. 1. Location of the study area: (A) Peru in South America; (B and C) Department of Lima in Peru; (D) places of survey. 286 H. De-la-Cruz et al. / Journal of Ethnopharmacology 111 (2007) 284–294 Table 1 Plants used traditional medicine by Canta Province people Scientific name Local name Conservation Parts used Preparation Way of Recipe (voucher no.) in Quechua administration (Q) and Spanish (S) Acanthaceae Dicliptera peruviana Chuncho- NT Leaves Infusion Oral In order to alleviate stomach aches. It must be (Lam.) Juss. (G.V. chuncho aggregate about 40 g of the plant for 1 l of 4854) (Q) water it must be drunk one cup in the morning and another one in the afternoon for 2 days Ruellia floribunda Ruelia (S) NT Leaves Decoction Oral Against intestinal parasites. The plant mixed Hook. (G.V. 1819) with “paico” (Chenopodium ambrosioides) must be boiled and it must be drink one cup before breakfast for 3 days Agavaceae Agave americana L. Maguey (S) NTa Flowers Decoction Oral Blood purifier. The plant must be boiled in 1 l (G.V. 180) and root of water and it must be drink as water in any time by 1 week Amaryllidaceae Furcraea occidentalis Cayara (Q) CRa Leaves Burned External The sap of half-roasted leaves for bronchitis. Trelease (G.V. 4926) (rubbing) The leaves must be half roasted then a cut in the leaf must be done and it must be put on the chest and on the back at the night time Anacardiaceae Schinus molle L. (G.V. Molle (S) LC Leaves Decoction Oral and In order to cure bronchitis and in rubbings to 4554) and fresh external alleviate muscle pains. Put the leaves together with eucalyptus sp. in a liter of water then boil it; two spoons must be drunk before sleeping and as ointment for muscular soreness Apiaceae Foeniculum vulgare Hinojo (S) LC Flowers Infusion Oral Carminative (colics and gas expelling). Mill. (G.V. 1992) and leaves Flowers and leaves must be place in a liter of water and it must be drunk as water at any time Oreomyrrhis andicola Angelina NT Leaves Crushed External Rheumatism and muscle pains.
Recommended publications
  • Marketplace Plants Used in Ceremonial Cleansing Among Andean Qechuans of Ecuador
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Marshall University Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Theses, Dissertations and Capstones 2007 Marketplace plants used in ceremonial cleansing among Andean Qechuans of Ecuador Sushma Shrestha Follow this and additional works at: https://mds.marshall.edu/etd Part of the Folklore Commons, Indigenous Studies Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Shrestha, Sushma, "Marketplace plants used in ceremonial cleansing among Andean Qechuans of Ecuador" (2007). Theses, Dissertations and Capstones. 1275. https://mds.marshall.edu/etd/1275 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Marketplace plants used in ceremonial cleansing among Andean Qechuans of Ecuador Thesis submitted to The Graduate School of Marshall University In partial fulfilment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences by Sushma Shrestha Dr. Dan K. Evans, Ph.D., Chairperson Dr. Charles Somerville, Ph.D. Dr. Tom Pauley, Ph.D. Marshall University 2007 ii TO MY FAMILY and INDIGINOUS PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am grateful to Dr. Evans for further igniting my interest in plant and indigenous people. I appreciate all your help in Ecuador and here during the research and beyond with both academic and financial support for the work. You are a wonderful professor, advisor and a travel companion.
    [Show full text]
  • UHPLC High Resolution Orbitrap Metabolomic Fingerprinting of The
    G Model BJP-324; No. of Pages 9 ARTICLE IN PRESS Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia xxx (2016) xxx–xxx ww w.elsevier.com/locate/bjp Original Article UHPLC high resolution orbitrap metabolomic fingerprinting of the unique species Ophryosporus triangularis Meyen from the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile a,∗ b c a d Mario J. Simirgiotis , Cristina Quispe , Andrei Mocan , José Miguel Villatoro , Carlos Areche , e f g,h Jorge Bórquez , Beatriz Sepúlveda , Carlos Echiburu-Chau a Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile b Instituto de Etnofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile c Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Iuliu Hat¸ieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania d Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile e Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile f Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Campus Vi˜na del Mar, Vi˜na del Mar, Chile g Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Arica, Chile h Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: High-resolution mass spectrometry is currently used to determine the mass of biologically active com- Received 20 May 2016 pounds in plants and UHPLC-Orbitrap is a relatively new technology that allows fast fingerprinting and Accepted 28 October 2016 metabolomics analysis. In this work, several phenolic compounds including eleven phenolic acids, two Available online xxx fatty acids, two chromones and fourteen flavones were rapidly identified in the methanolic extracts of aerial parts and flowers of the unique Chilean species Ophryosporus triangularis Meyen, Asteraceae, Keywords: growing in the Atacama Desert by means of ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography orbitrap MS UHPLC analysis (UHPLC-PDA-OT-MS) for the first time.
    [Show full text]
  • New Species of Baccharis (Asteraceae) from Western Mexico
    Nesom, G.L. 2018. New species of Baccharis (Asteraceae) from western Mexico. Phytoneuron 2018-28: 1–20. Published 30 May 2018. ISSN 2153 733X NEW SPECIES OF BACCHARIS (ASTERACEAE) FROM WESTERN MEXICO GUY L. NESOM 2925 Hartwood Drive Fort Worth, Texas 76109 [email protected] ABSTRACT Four new species of Baccharis are described from western Mexico and one is raised in rank from variety. Baccharis charucoensis Nesom, sp. nov. , from the Rio Mayo region along Chihuahua-Sonora border, is similar in habit and related to B. macrocephala of eastern Mexico but differs in its linear leaves with stiffly ciliate margins. Baccharis horizontalis Nesom, sp. nov. , from western Durango and adjacent Sinaloa, is similar and closely related to the widespread B. serrifolia but differs in its sessile leaves and distant geographical location. Baccharis supplex Nesom, sp. nov. , from southeastern Durango (mpios. Mezquital and Súchil) differs from the sympatric B. thesioides in its rhizomatous habit with one or few stems from the base, broader leaves, and few-flowered capitulescence. Baccharis praetermissia Nesom, sp. nov. , from the Cape Region of Baja California Sur, is distinct in its erect habit, nearly glabrous stems, glabrous, elliptic leaves, dense capitulescence, and non-accrescent pappus, and disjunct geography within sect. Aristidentes . Baccharis multiflora var. herbacea McVaugh from western Michoacan is recognized here at specific rank: Baccharis herbacea (McVaugh) Nesom, comb. et stat. nov. Each of these five species apparently is rare. In a review of Baccharis in CAS-DS, TEX-LL, and UC-JEPS, collections indicate that four distinct species are without names. They are formally described here, and another is recognized by raising its rank from variety to species.
    [Show full text]
  • Baccharis Nebularis (Asteraceae, Astereae): a New Species of B
    Phytotaxa 177 (2): 125–130 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.177.2.4 Baccharis nebularis (Asteraceae, Astereae): a new species of B. subgen. Tarchonanthoides sect. Curitybenses from the mountains of Southern Brazil GUSTAVO HEIDEN1, 2 & JOSÉ RUBENS PIRANI2 1Embrapa Clima Temperado, Rodovia BR 392, km 78, Caixa Postal 403, Pelotas, RS 96010-971, Brazil. [email protected] 2Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 321, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil. Abstract Baccharis nebularis, a new species belonging to B. subgen. Tarchonanthoides sect. Curitybenses, is described, illustrated, and compared to B. chionolaenoides and B. curitybensis. A key for its identification is provided. The new species occurs in patches of cloud forest thickets mixed with high altitude tropical grasslands in the southern Brazilian mountains. Data on distribution and habitat, phenology, conservation status, as well as a list of specimens examined are also presented. Resumo Baccharis nebularis, uma nova espécie pertencente a B. subgen. Tarchonanthoides sect. Curitybenses é descrita, ilustrada, comparada a B. chionolaenoides e B. curitybensis e uma chave de identificação é fornecida. A nova espécie ocorre em capões de mata nebular entremeados com manchas de campo de altitude nas montanhas do Sul do Brasil. Dados sobre a distribuição e o habitat, fenologia, estado de conservação e uma lista de espécimes examinados também são apresentados. Key words: Atlantic rainforest, Baccharidinae, Compositae, cloud forests, tropical highland grasslands Introduction Baccharis Linnaeus (1753: 860; Asteraceae: Astereae) is a New World genus that comprises between 354 and 400 species (Bremer 1994, Müller 2013).
    [Show full text]
  • Lamiales Newsletter
    LAMIALES NEWSLETTER LAMIALES Issue number 4 February 1996 ISSN 1358-2305 EDITORIAL CONTENTS R.M. Harley & A. Paton Editorial 1 Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK The Lavender Bag 1 Welcome to the fourth Lamiales Universitaria, Coyoacan 04510, Newsletter. As usual, we still Mexico D.F. Mexico. Tel: Lamiaceae research in require articles for inclusion in the +5256224448. Fax: +525616 22 17. Hungary 1 next edition. If you would like to e-mail: [email protected] receive this or future Newsletters and T.P. Ramamoorthy, 412 Heart- Alien Salvia in Ethiopia 3 and are not already on our mailing wood Dr., Austin, TX 78745, USA. list, or wish to contribute an article, They are anxious to hear from any- Pollination ecology of please do not hesitate to contact us. one willing to help organise the con- Labiatae in Mediterranean 4 The editors’ e-mail addresses are: ference or who have ideas for sym- [email protected] or posium content. Studies on the genus Thymus 6 [email protected]. As reported in the last Newsletter the This edition of the Newsletter and Relationships of Subfamily Instituto de Quimica (UNAM, Mexi- the third edition (October 1994) will Pogostemonoideae 8 co City) have agreed to sponsor the shortly be available on the world Controversies over the next Lamiales conference. Due to wide web (http://www.rbgkew.org. Satureja complex 10 the current economic conditions in uk/science/lamiales). Mexico and to allow potential partici- This also gives a summary of what Obituary - Silvia Botta pants to plan ahead, it has been the Lamiales are and some of their de Miconi 11 decided to delay the conference until uses, details of Lamiales research at November 1998.
    [Show full text]
  • Lições Das Interações Planta – Beija-Flor
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA JÉFERSON BUGONI REDES PLANTA-POLINIZADOR NOS TRÓPICOS: LIÇÕES DAS INTERAÇÕES PLANTA – BEIJA-FLOR PLANT-POLLINATOR NETWORKS IN THE TROPICS: LESSONS FROM HUMMINGBIRD-PLANT INTERACTIONS CAMPINAS 2017 JÉFERSON BUGONI REDES PLANTA-POLINIZADOR NOS TRÓPICOS: LIÇÕES DAS INTERAÇÕES PLANTA – BEIJA-FLOR PLANT-POLLINATOR NETWORKS IN THE TROPICS: LESSONS FROM HUMMINGBIRD-PLANT INTERACTIONS Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do Título de Doutor em Ecologia. Thesis presented to the Institute of Biology of the University of Campinas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Ecology. ESTE ARQUIVO DIGITAL CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA TESE DEFENDIDA PELO ALUNO JÉFERSON BUGONI E ORIENTADA PELA DRA. MARLIES SAZIMA. Orientadora: MARLIES SAZIMA Co-Orientador: BO DALSGAARD CAMPINAS 2017 Campinas, 17 de fevereiro de 2017. COMISSÃO EXAMINADORA Profa. Dra. Marlies Sazima Prof. Dr. Felipe Wanderley Amorim Prof. Dr. Thomas Michael Lewinsohn Profa. Dra. Marina Wolowski Torres Prof. Dr. Vinícius Lourenço Garcia de Brito Os membros da Comissão Examinadora acima assinaram a Ata de Defesa, que se encontra no processo de vida acadêmica do aluno. DEDICATÓRIA À minha família por me ensinar o amor à natureza e a natureza do amor. Ao povo brasileiro por financiar meus estudos desde sempre, fomentando assim meus sonhos. EPÍGRAFE “Understanding patterns in terms of the processes that produce them is the essence of science […]” Levin, S.A. (1992). The problem of pattern and scale in ecology. Ecology 73:1943–1967. AGRADECIMENTOS Manifestar a gratidão às tantas pessoas que fizeram parte direta ou indiretamente do processo que culmina nesta tese não é tarefa trivial.
    [Show full text]
  • Las Asteráceas (Compositae) Del Distrito De Laraos (Yauyos, Lima, Perú)
    Revista peruana de biología 23(2): 195 - 220 (2016) Las Asteráceas deISSN-L Laraos, 1561-0837 Yauyos doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v23i2.12439 Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas UNMSM TRABAJOS ORIGINALES Las Asteráceas (Compositae) del distrito de Laraos (Yauyos, Lima, Perú) The Asteraceae (Compositae) from Laraos district (Yauyos, Lima, Peru) Hamilton Beltrán Museo de Historia Natural Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1254 Apartado 14-0434 Lima – Perú Email: [email protected] Resumen El distrito de Laraos registra 155 especies de Asteráceas agrupadas en 66 géneros, 12 tribus y 3 subfamilias. Senecio, Werneria y Baccharis son los géneros con mayor riqueza. Senecio larahuinensis y Conyza coronopi- folia son nuevos registros para la flora del Perú, siendo la primera como especie nueva; además 35 especies se reportan como nuevas para Lima. Se presentan claves dicotómicas para la determinación de las tribus, géneros y especies. Palabras clave: Vertientes occidentales; Asteraceae; endemismo; Perú. Abstract For the district Laraos 155 species of asteraceae grouped into 66 genus, 12 tribes and 3 subfamilies are recorded. Senecio, Baccharis and Werneria are genus more wealth. Senecio larahuinensis and Conyza coro- nopifolia are new records for the flora of Peru as the first new species; further 35 species are new reports for Lima. Dichotomous keys for the identification of tribes, genus and species present. Keywords: Western slopes; Asteraceae; endemic; Peru. Introducción Para Perú, con la publicación del catálogo de plantas con Las asteráceas son la familia de plantas con flores con mayor flores y gimnospermas (Brako & Zarucchi 1993) registraron número de especies, distribuidas en casi toda la superficie terres- 222 géneros y 1432 especies de asteráceas; posteriormente tre, a excepción de los mares y la Antártida, con aproximada- Beltrán y Baldeón (2001) actualizan el registro con 245 gé- mente 1600 géneros y 24000 especies (Bremer 1994, Kadereit neros y 1530 especies.
    [Show full text]
  • Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Chemicals Found in Minthostachys Mollis
    Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Chemicals found in Minthostachys mollis Activities Count Chemical Plant Part Low PPM High PPM StdDev Refernce Citation 0 (E)-BETA-OCIMENE Shoot 3.0 18.0 -0.449757163830516 Alkire, B.H., Tucker, A.O., and Maciarello, M.J. 1994. Tipo (Minthostachys mollis (Lamiaceae): An Ecuadorian Mint. Econ. Bot. 48(1): 60-64. 0 (Z)-BETA-OCIMENE Shoot 4.0 8.0 -0.4108618286345592 Alkire, B.H., Tucker, A.O., and Maciarello, M.J. 1994. Tipo (Minthostachys mollis (Lamiaceae): An Ecuadorian Mint. Econ. Bot. 48(1): 60-64. 2 ALPHA-HUMULENE Shoot 1.0 5.0 -0.3753272731074622 Alkire, B.H., Tucker, A.O., and Maciarello, M.J. 1994. Tipo (Minthostachys mollis (Lamiaceae): An Ecuadorian Mint. Econ. Bot. 48(1): 60-64. 28 ALPHA-PINENE Shoot 2.0 4.0 -0.14704957890635523 Alkire, B.H., Tucker, A.O., and Maciarello, M.J. 1994. Tipo (Minthostachys mollis (Lamiaceae): An Ecuadorian Mint. Econ. Bot. 48(1): 60-64. 0 BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE Shoot 11.0 32.0 -0.34509629975614076 Alkire, B.H., Tucker, A.O., and Maciarello, M.J. 1994. Tipo (Minthostachys mollis (Lamiaceae): An Ecuadorian Mint. Econ. Bot. 48(1): 60-64. 13 BETA-PINENE Shoot 3.0 5.0 -0.12075014596792293 Alkire, B.H., Tucker, A.O., and Maciarello, M.J. 1994. Tipo (Minthostachys mollis (Lamiaceae): An Ecuadorian Mint. Econ. Bot. 48(1): 60-64. 0 EO Shoot 700.0 900.0 -0.8697323384371578 Alkire, B.H., Tucker, A.O., and Maciarello, M.J. 1994. Tipo (Minthostachys mollis (Lamiaceae): An Ecuadorian Mint. Econ. Bot. 48(1): 60-64.
    [Show full text]
  • La Vegetación Del Norte Del Perú: De Los Bosques a La Jalca En Cajamarca
    ActaA. Galán Botanica de Mera Malacitana et al. La vegetación 40. 157-190 del Norte del Perú Málaga, 2015157 LA VEGETACIÓN DEL NORTE DEL PERÚ: DE LOS BOSQUES A LA JALCA EN CAJAMARCA Antonio GALÁN DE MERA1*, Isidoro SÁNCHEZ VEGA†2, Juan MONTOYA QUINO2, Eliana LINARES PEREA3, José CAMPOS DE LA CRUZ4 y José Alfredo VICENTE ORELLANA1 1Laboratorio de Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Apartado 67, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, España 2Laboratorio de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (Farmacia), Universidad Privada Antonio Guillermo Urrelo (UPAGU), Jr. José Sabogal 913, Cajamarca, Perú 3Estudios Fitogeográficos del Perú, Sánchez Cerro 219, Manuel Prado,Paucarpata, Arequipa, Perú 4Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 140434, Lima 14, Perú * Autor para correspondencia: [email protected] Recibido el 22 de septiembre de 2015, aceptado para su publicación el 27 de octubre de 2015 RESUMEN. La vegetación del Norte del Perú: De los bosques a la jalca en Cajamarca. El departamento de Cajamarca, en el Norte del Perú, se caracteriza en general por un clima más húmedo que el resto del territorio andino peruano occidental. Teniendo en cuenta el paralelismo entre el clima y las unidades de vegetación que ofrecen los pisos bioclimáticos, los ombrotipos, la geología y los suelos, y levantando inventarios según la metodología de Braun-Blanquet, estudiamos la vegetación de este territorio. Se describen 2 comunidades vegetales, 8 asociaciones, 3 subasociaciones, 3 alianzas, 1 orden y 1 clase fitosociológica. Como resultado, se analizan la comunidad de Cecropia montana y Heliocarpus americanus (termotropical subhúmedo-húmeda) y de Muntingia calabura y Hura crepitans (infratropical seco-subhúmeda), ambas de la clase Nectandro laevis-Licarietea canellae presente en el norte del territorio.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidad Nacional "San Luis Gonzaga" De Ica Facultad De Farmacia Y Bioquímica
    , UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL "SAN LUIS GONZAGA" DE ICA FACULTAD DE FARMACIA Y BIOQUÍMICA ICA HATUN YACHAY HUASI "CONTENIDO DE POLIFENOLES TOTALES YACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE IN VITRO DEL EXTRACTO ETANÓLICO DE HOJAS YFLORES DE Chuiraga spinosa Less 11huamanpinta" TESIS: , PARA OPTAR fL TITULO DE: QUÍMICO FARMACÉUTICO PRESENTADO POR: Bach. Sánchez Llamosa Miguel Jesús Bach. Anicaina Pariona Nataly Esther ASESOR: Mg. Juan José A. Palomino Jhong Co-ASESOR: Mg. Osear Herrera Ca~ld'eron ICA- PERÚ 2015 Dedicatoria: A Dios por darnos el conocimiento y estar pendiente de nosotros. A .nuestros padres y hermanos quienes con su amor, apoyo y comprensión incondicional estuvieron siempre a lo largo de nuestra vida estudiantil; a ellos que siempre tuvieron una palabra de aliento en los momentos diffciles y que han sido incentivos de nuestras vidas. A nuestros asesores quienes confiaron en cada una de nosotros para poder llevar acabo el desarrollo de la presente, brindándonos sus conocimientos y apoyo incondicional en esta ardua labor. AGRADECIMIENTOS Nuestro más amplio agradecimiento a los docentes que con su paciencia nos supieron orientar hacia el camino de la superación y el éxito. A nuestros asesores que gracias a su apoyo y dedicación no hubiese sido posible la culminación de la presente investigación Al Jefe del Departamento de Ciencias Químicas por permitirnos usar las instalaciones del laboratorio de Química General Aplicada de la FF.BB - UNICA, para la realización del presente trabajo de tesis. A nuestros profesores de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica pór todo el conocimiento brindado en estos cinco años de estudios. 3 ÍNDICE Página RESUMEN 7 ABSTRACT 8 INTRODUCCIÓN 9 CAPÍTU~O l.
    [Show full text]
  • Baccharis Malibuensis (Asteraceae): a New Species from the Santa Monica Mountains, California R
    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 14 | Issue 3 Article 32 1995 Baccharis Malibuensis (Asteraceae): A New Species from the Santa Monica Mountains, California R. Mitchell Beauchamp Pacific Southwest Biological Services, Inc. James Henrickson California State University, Los Angeles Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Beauchamp, R. Mitchell and Henrickson, James (1995) "Baccharis Malibuensis (Asteraceae): A New Species from the Santa Monica Mountains, California," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 14: Iss. 3, Article 32. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol14/iss3/32 Aliso, 14(3), pp. 197-203 © 1996, by The Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA 91711-3157 BACCHARIS MALIBUENSIS (ASTERACEAE): A NEW SPECIES FROM THE SANTA MONICA MOUNTAINS, CALIFORNIA R. MITCHEL BEAUCHAMP Pacific Southwest Biological Services, Inc. P.O. Box 985 National City, California 91951 AND JAMES HENRICKSON Department of Biology California State University Los Angeles, California 90032 ABSTRACT Baccharis malibuensis is described from the Malibu Lake region of the Santa Monica Mountains, Los Angeles County, California. It is closely related to Baccharis plummerae subsp. plummerae but differs in having narrow, subentire, typically conduplicate, sparsely villous to mostly glabrous leaves with glands occurring in depressions on the adaxial surface, more cylindrical inflorescences, and a distribution in open chaparral vegetation. The new taxon shares some characteristics with B. plum­ merae subsp. glabrata of northwestern San Luis Obispo County, e.g., smaller leaves, reduced vestiture, and occurrence in scrub habitat, but the two taxa appear to have developed independently from B.
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Pollen Records Indicate That Patagonian Desertification Was Not Solely a Consequence of Andean Uplift
    ARTICLE Received 25 Oct 2013 | Accepted 4 Mar 2014 | Published 28 Mar 2014 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4558 Fossil pollen records indicate that Patagonian desertification was not solely a consequence of Andean uplift L. Palazzesi1,2, V.D. Barreda1, J.I. Cuitin˜o3, M.V. Guler4, M.C. Tellerı´a5 & R. Ventura Santos6 The Patagonian steppe—a massive rain-shadow on the lee side of the southern Andes—is assumed to have evolved B15–12 Myr as a consequence of the southern Andean uplift. However, fossil evidence supporting this assumption is limited. Here we quantitatively estimate climatic conditions and plant richness for the interval B10–6 Myr based on the study and bioclimatic analysis of terrestrially derived spore–pollen assemblages preserved in well-constrained Patagonian marine deposits. Our analyses indicate a mesothermal climate, with mean temperatures of the coldest quarter between 11.4 °C and 16.9 °C (presently B3.5 °C) and annual precipitation rarely below 661 mm (presently B200 mm). Rarefied richness reveals a significantly more diverse flora during the late Miocene than today at the same latitude but comparable with that approximately 2,000 km further northeast at mid-latitudes on the Brazilian coast. We infer that the Patagonian desertification was not solely a consequence of the Andean uplift as previously insinuated. 1 Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’, Angel Gallardo 470 (C1405DJR), Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2 Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK. 3 Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Ciencias Geolo´gicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Intendente Gu¨iraldes 2160 (C1428EHA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
    [Show full text]