The Implementation of the Productive Safety Nets Programme in Afar, Somali, and Selected Lowland Woredas in Oromiya

The Implementation of the Productive Safety Nets Programme in Afar, Somali, and selected lowland woredas in Oromiya Rachel Sabates-Wheeler Jeremy Lind Mulugeta Handino Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex John Hoddinott International Food Policy Research Institute Mulugeta Tefera Girma Bekele Feyera Simma Dadimos Development Consultants With a Prologue by the Donor Coordination Team, Productive Safety Nets Programme October 15, 2011 Address for correspondence: Dr. John Hoddinott, International Food Policy Research Institute, 2033 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20006 USA. Em: [email protected] Table of Contents Acronyms……. ............................................................................................................................................. ix Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................................... xii Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................xiii Prologue ...................................................................................................................................... xviii Introductory Materials 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives and Structure of the Report ................................................................................ 1 2. Data Sources and Methods ................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Quantitative Methods ........................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Qualitative Methods .............................................................................................................. 8 Livelihoods and Well-Being 3. Livelihoods and well-being ................................................................................................................. 12 3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 12 3.2 Community infrastructure ................................................................................................... 12 3.3 Household characteristics: Demographics, housing and durables ..................................... 13 3.4 Livelihoods: Overview ......................................................................................................... 16 3.5 Livelihoods: Afar .................................................................................................................. 18 3.6 Livelihoods: Somali .............................................................................................................. 25 3.7 Livelihoods: Oromiya ........................................................................................................... 30 3.8 Food security ....................................................................................................................... 31 3.9 Coping strategies ................................................................................................................. 38 3.10 Coping and informal social support .................................................................................. 41 3.11 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 44 The FSP in Afar, Somali, and lowland areas in Oromiya 4. Woreda Perspectives on Implementation ........................................................................................ 46 4.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 46 4.2 Woreda Resources for the PSNP ......................................................................................... 48 4.3 Making food payments ....................................................................................................... 52 4.4 Complementary Community Investment............................................................................ 53 4.5 Early warning systems ......................................................................................................... 54 4.6 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 55 Annex 4.1: Evidence on the presence of the PSNP, by zone and woreda, Afar region ................. 57 5. Kebele and Household Perspectives on Implementation ............................................................... 67 5.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 67 ii 5.2 Kebele Food Security Task Forces ....................................................................................... 67 5.3 Beneficiary and non-beneficiary understanding of the PSNP ............................................. 70 5.4 Access to payment sites ...................................................................................................... 73 5.5 Timeliness and predictability of payments ......................................................................... 75 5.6 Client cards .......................................................................................................................... 76 5.7 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 77 6. Targeting ............................................................................................................................................ 78 6.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 78 6.2 Regional Perspectives .......................................................................................................... 78 6.3 Woreda perspectives........................................................................................................... 79 6.4 Kebele Perspectives ............................................................................................................. 82 6.5 Participation of women in targeting processes .................................................................. 85 6.6 Targeting of polygamous households ................................................................................. 85 6.7 Quantitative and qualitative perspectives on targeting: Errors of inclusion and exclusion87 6.8 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 95 7. The Implementation of Public Works Projects ................................................................................ 97 7.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 97 7.2 Coordinating the Implementation of Public Works ............................................................ 97 7.3 Planning Public Works ......................................................................................................... 98 7.4 Public Works and Local Livelihoods .................................................................................. 101 7.5 Gender Considerations ...................................................................................................... 104 7.6 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 105 8. Payments for Public Works and Direct Support ............................................................................ 107 8.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 107 8.2 Full family targeting: Insights from qualitative fieldwork ................................................. 107 8.3 Public works payments ..................................................................................................... 109 8.4 Employment ...................................................................................................................... 116 8.5 Payments for Direct Support ............................................................................................. 124 8.6 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 125 9. Appeals and Complaints .................................................................................................................... 126 9.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 126 9.2 Local knowledge of appeals and complaints and the current status of KAC .................... 126 9.3 Reasons for appeals and complaints ................................................................................. 128 9.4 The

Load more