Agency Deyr/Karan 2012 Seasonal

Food Supply Prospects

FOR THE YEAR 2013

______

Disaster Risk Management and Food Security Sector (DRMFSS) Ministry of Agriculture (MoA)

March 2013 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Table of Contents

Glossary ...... 2

Acronyms ...... 3

EXCUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 4

INTRODUCTION...... 11

REGIONAL SUMMARY OF FOOD SUPPLY PROSPECT ...... 14

SOMALI ...... 14 OROMIA ...... 21 TIGRAY ...... 27 AMHARA ...... 31 AFAR ...... 34 BENISHANGUL GUMUZ ...... 37 SNNP ...... 39 GAMBELLA ...... 43 DIRE DAWA ...... 47 HARARI ...... 50

Annex – 1: NEEDY POPULATION AND FOOD REQUIREMENT BY WOREDA ...... 52

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Glossary

Azemera Rains from Early March to Early June (Tigray) Belg Short rainy season from February/March to June/July (National) Birkads Rain water harvesting cemented reservoirs (Somali Region) Birr Local currency of Ethiopia Chat Mildly narcotic shrub grown as cash crop Deyr Short rains from October to November (Somali Region) dadda Short rain between March and May in Afar Region Enset False Banana Jilaal Long dry period (February to mid-April) in Somali Region Gana Belg season during February to May ( (Borena and Guji zones) Gu Main rains from March to June ( Somali Region) Hagaya Short rains from October to November (Borena and Guji zones) Karan Rains from mid-July to September in the Northern zones of Somali region ( Jijiga and Shinile zones) Karma Main rains from July to September (Afar Region) Kebele The smallest administrative unit of Ethiopia Meher/Kiremt Main rains from June to September in crop dependent areas Sugum Short rains between March and April (Afar region) Wereda District, consisting of Kebele, which are the lowest administrative unit of the Government Tsidia Rains from mid-June to end of September (Tigray) Zone Administrative unit (consisting of several weredas)

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Acronyms

CRS Catholic Relief Service CARE CARE Ethiopia DRMFSS Disaster Risk Management and Food Security Sector DPFSB Disaster Prevention and Food Security Bureau FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FEWS-Net Famine Early Warning System Network GOAL Irish NGO IMC International Medical Corps LIU Livelihood Integration Unit MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoH Ministry of Health MoWE Ministry of Water Resources and Energy NGOs Non- Governmental Organizations PSNP Productive Saftey Net Program Reference The year in which the baseline data for Household Economy Approach (HEA) Year analysis is collected RHB Regional Health Bureau REB Regional Education Bureau RWB Regional Water Bureau RPADB Regional Pastoral Develoment Bureau RMA Regional Meterological Agency ZHB Zonal Health Bureau SC-UK Save Children United Kingdom SNNPR Southern Nations Nationalities And Peoples Region UN United Nations UN/OCHA United Nation office for coordination of Humanitarian Affairs UNICEF United Nation International Children Fund WFP World Food Program

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EXCUTIVE SUMMARY

SOMALI

Generally the food security situation for most livelihood zones of the region remained stable due to the positive (near normal to normal) effects of the two consecutive rains (deyr 2011 and gu 2012) on pasture and water availability that sustained good to average livestock conditions, improved terms of trade due to the declining trend in cereal prices and improved livestock prices.

In 2012 the early onset of deyr rains improved water and pasture availability in most districts under southern zones. But areas such as, Doloado of Liban zone, Elweyn, Belanod, East-Imey, and part of Danan woredas of Shabelle zone, Dolobay, south of Charati, west and north of Barey, West Imey, and Raso woredas of Afder zone, and some pocket area of south west of Kabridaher, and west of Shaykosh woreda of Korahey zone received below normal deyr rains or even some remained dry during the season.

Livestock have benefited from the favorable conditions created by the deyr and Karan rainfall that have positively affected the availability and distribution of water and pasture/browse resources in most parts of the region. Consequently, the physical appearance and body condition of all species has improved as the animals have recovered from the effects of the previous dry spell as a result of enhanced access to improved water and feed resources. Exceptions are those areas that received little or no rainfall during the season. In these areas the livestock condition is likely to deteriorate as the dry season (jilaal) progress.

Little or no harvest expected from Shinile and majority of southern agro-pastoral livelihood zones as a result of the erratic nature of deyr and Karan rains. The harvest from the riverine

4 | P a g e areas is also very limited. Hence, failure of local cereal production and increased demand for food purchase under poor livestock production in areas that received little or no rainfall during the season would causes an increase in the prices of food items. As a result, in the coming six months the purchasing power of the poor and middle households is expected to decline significantly since there is limited crop production and livestock price will likely decrease further during long dry Jilaal season.

Therefore due to the above noted factors, Shinile zone will remain the worst affected followed by Barey, Dolobay, Raso, and West Imey of Afder, Dolo Ado of Liban, Fik, Qubi, Salahad, and Hamero of Nogob zone, Danan, Elweyn and East Imey districts of Shabelle zone, and improvements are expected provided the performance of the upcoming seasons is good, i.e., 2013 gu (April-June). Therefore, food availability and accessibility generally remains poor in areas that experienced poor 2012 karan/deyr rains. Because of this, a total of 963,800 people are estimated to require emergency relief assistance in 2013.

OROMIA

Generally, the overall crop production prospects in most highland and midland parts of the region is rated as good owing to better performance of the 2012 meher rains and utilization of inputs. However, in some lowland areas of the region poor production prospects is anticipated due to insufficient rain during the belg season for long cycle crops. These include some lowland areas of Bale, Arsi, East Shewa, West Arsi, West Shewa, Borena, and East Hararghe andWest Hararghe zones. Some parts of the region including lowlands of Bale, East Hararghe and West Hararghe zones also experienced adverse weather conditions during the 2012 meher season.

The failure of the 2012 belg rains also caused shortage of pasture and water availability in many agro pastoral and lowland parts of Borena, Guji, Bale, West Arsi, East Shewa, East Hararghe and west Hararghe zones. As a result the reproductive performance of livestock was affected bringing about fewer births and reduced milk production.

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The escalating price of staple food items, particularly that of sorghum and maize, left most households to maximize livestock sale to get more money to cover food gaps.

In general, the food security situation in some of the above noted areas is expected to deteriorate in the coming months due to a combination of factors such as production loss, poor performance of last belg season, and increasing staple food prices.

Because of these factors, 846 417 people in the affected areas are likely to require emergency food assistance in 2013.

TIGRAY

Overall food security situation in the region is likely to be stable as food and income sources are expected to be normal or even far better. Despite this, pocket areas, where crop production has been seriously affected by irregular weather (late start or early cessation of rains, long dry spells, hailstorms, floods, water logging, and unseasonable rainfall) and other weather-related shocks such as crop pests and diseases will experience significant food deficits during the current year. All in all, the total number of people in different pocket areas of the region with major food gaps and requiring food assistance in 2013 is estimated at 283,399.

AMHARA

In general, the food security prospect in the region is good as the result of the 2012 good harvests, and contributions from other sources of income (livestock sale, wage labour, etc.). The 2012 meher rains created favourable conditions for crop development and improvement of livestock physical conditions in most parts of the region. Exceptions are few areas where weather adversities and crop pests caused production losses and areas that encountered pasture and water shortage (north Gondar zone, Telemt woreda). These include few areas in South Wello, North Gondar, South Gondar, Waghmra and Oromia zones where significant production losses due to weather adversities and crop pests were reported. The food security situation in the above noted areas is expected to deteriorate in the coming months due to

6 | P a g e production loss and current high staple food prices. Accordingly, a total of 167,608 people are estimated to require emergency food assistance in 2013.

AFAR

The performance of 2012 karma rain rated from normal to near normal, in the southern and south eastern parts of the region, while it was below normal in the central and northern parts of the region.

Physical condition of Livestock mainly camel and goat is good while cattle and sheep body condition is still below average for the season. With the prevailing poor pasture in the northern parts of the Region and absence of daddaa rain (December rain), the livestock physical condition is expected to deteriorate further. The situation will likely be aggravated if the next rainy season (mid March –Mid April) delays or fails.

As a result of poor 2012 karma rain, early movement of livestock already reported from Yalo, Bidu, Kori and Burimudaitu, and Hadel-ela woredas to neighboring areas in Amhara (Kobo woreda) and Tigray (Raya Azebo) regions. Critical water shortage both for human and livestock consumption also reported from Kori, Bidu, Elidar Erebti, Berahle and Yalo woredas.

In general, 2012 crop production in the agro-pastoral areas of the Region reported to be below average due to late on set, erratic distribution and early cessation of karma rains; and lack of irrigation water and flooding problem particularly in Gewane, Afambo and Asayita woredas of zone 3. These include the agro-pasoral areas in Argoba Special woreda in Zone 3; and Abaala, Dallol and Berahle woredas in Zone 2. The prices of both cereal and livestock have shown an increasing trend. The rate of cereal price increment is, however, higher than livestock, turning the terms of trade slightly against the pastoralists. Because of the aforementioned factors, a total of 109 423 people are estimated to require emergency relief assistance in 2013

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SNNPR

Generally, production of meher 2012 in the region has increased when compared to last year. The good rains in last July and August and some rains in late October and November 2012 improved pasture and water availability. Because of this, livestock physical condition and livestock productivity reported to be favorable. Livestock supply to the markets is stable. Price of livestock has showing increasing trend from the preceding months and last year (2011). Access to crop residues and grazing pattern is also normal. However, variations were observed among woredas and significant production reduction was reported in many pocket areas of the region. Major factors attributed to production losses in 2012 meher season were: delayed meher planting impacted by late onset of 2012 belg rains (that forced to shift from high yielding long-cycle to short maturing crops), low input utilization, early cessation of meher rains (affected crops at critical growth stages), weather adversities such as flood, excess water/ water logging, hailstorms and pests and diseases especially on coffee growing areas and high cereal prices in some zones (Gurage, Hadiya, silte and Dawero zones and Halaba special woreda). These areas require close monitoring and due attention. Because of the above noted problems, few pocket areas in the region particularly in Guraghe zone will need emergency assistance in 2013 and the total number is estimate at 17, 230 people.

BENESHANGULE GUMUZ

Generally, the region has received normal and above normal meher rain, which has contributed to good performance of major crops and in turn contributed to improved food security situation in the region. The onset, distribution and amount of meher rain were normal during the production season of 2012. In most woredas, though the cessation was relatively late, the amount of rain received around end October was above normal. On the other hand, all weredas reported to have received above normal rain in the month of July and August, which has affected the production of sesame, haricot bean and pepper. As result of these and other hazards, the food security situation in pocket areas of Assosa, Metekel and Kamashi zones, and Mao Komo special woreda and Guba woreda was negatively affected. The food security

8 | P a g e situation in these pocket areas is likely to deteriorate and thus about 20877 people in pockets areas /kebeles of Bambasi, Assosa, Kumuruk, Mao Komo Special woreda and Guba woredas require food assistance in 2013

GAMBELLA

DIRE DAWA

In the Administration 2012 meher rainfall started after June26/2012. The rain was erratic and low in amount in the peak rainfall months of July and August. Early cessation and Dry spells were also experienced in most parts of the Administration during the season. These conditions have significantly affected the crop production in some of the kebeles reducing the yeild by about 68%. As result of the poor seasonal rains, pasture and water availability has also been found to be critical to sustain livestock until the next rainy season (short rainy season from March –May). Water shortage for both human and livestock consumption reported to intensify in lowland kebeles.

Regarding market situation, reducing cereal and increasing livestock prices has been observed. Generally the prices of staple crops and livestock have shown increased trend compared to previous year.

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In general, poor crop and livestock production, increased price of staple food, and low opportunity to increase income access particularly with poor and very poor households resulted in significant food consumption deficit. Thus, the food security situation in few areas is deterorating and about 26963 people are likely to require emergency relief support in 2013

HARARI

Though, onset and cession of meher 2012 was on time, the rains received were inadequate in amount and erratic in distribution contributing to yield reduction. In addition, an unusual occurrence of pest (Stalk borer) and weeds (Striga and Partinium) have also negatively affected crop production. Particularly, the crop damage in lowland kebeles of the region reported to be significant. Because od this , about 8130 people are likely to require emergency assistance in 2013.

Table: 1 - Emergency Beneficiaries and Food Requirement by Region

Emergency Food Requirement ( MT) Region Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total Somali 963,801 66,852.23 7,019.48 2,005.57 6,685.22 82,562.50 Oromiya 846,417 62,600.71 6,573.07 1,878.02 6,260.07 77,311.87 Tigray 283,399 34,007.88 3,570.83 1,020.24 3,400.79 41,999.73 SNNPR 17,230 1,292.25 135.69 38.77 129.23 1,595.93 Amhara 167,608 12,570.60 1,319.91 377.12 1,257.06 15,524.69 Afar 109,423 8,206.76 861.71 246.20 820.68 10,135.35 Diredawa 26,963 2,831.12 297.27 84.93 283.11 3496.43 Harari 8,130 731.70 76.83 21.95 73.17 903.65 Benishangul Gumuz 20,877 1,565.78 1645.41 46.97 156.58 1,933.73 Gambella 44,500 3,337.50 350.44 100.13 333.75 4,121.81 Grand Total 2,488,348 193,996.51 20,369.63 5,819.90 19,399.68 239,585.69

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INTRODUCTION

A DRMFSS-led Multi-Agency Emergency Needs Assessment was conducted between November and December 2012 in nine regions and one administrative council of the country. The assessment was organized into 22 teams and involved 212 participants from Government (DRMFSS, DPFSCB MoWE, RNMA, ZHB, RPADB, REB, MOA, RHB, BoA, and RWB), donors (USAID), FEWS Net, WFP, UNICEF, UNOCHA, WHO, and FAO and Non-governmental organizations including CONCERN, CRS/HC, Mercy Corps, SCI, CARE, ACF, IOM, ORDA, REST, Plan International, WVI, ERCS, GOAL, Islamic Relief, MARLIN, MSF-Holland, MSF-France, MSF- Spain, MIC and ACF

The objective of the assessment was to evaluate the outcome of the 2012 meher/deyr season and its impact on livelihood security in cropping and pastoral areas, as well as, to determine the areas and size of population (if any) that are likely to require emergency assistance in 2013.

The report provides information on overall food security situation by region, emphasizing on areas of concern; where and why emergency food is needed, type of assistance required and population in need. The emergency food needs estimates contained in this report will be updated following the 2013 belg/gu season assessment.

The emergency food requirement, kilograms/per person/month, is estimated at 15 cereals, 4.5 supplementary rations of blended food, 0.45 vegetable oil and 1.5 pulses.

The methodology used to conduct the assessment in the regions is the Household Economy Approach (HEA). The table below briefly presents the HEA as used in the seasonal assessment.

Seasonal Assessment Methodology – The Theory

BASELINE + HAZARD + COPING = OUTCOME (SEASONAL ASSESSMENT RESULTS)

Three types of information are combined in the seasonal assessments: Baseline data which describes how people live and their vulnerabilities; Hazard information. This is collected during the seasonal assessment (i.e. changes in crop production, changes in livestock prices, inflation, changes in availability of labour and other sources of income); Information on Coping (i.e. what people do in bad years). This is collected when the baselines are compiled. During seasonal assessments, a decision is taken as to whether it is appropriate to include coping in the analysis. Coping (eg sale of some assets, switching diet from higher value foods to lower value foods) is what households do in poor years. It should not be something that households do every year.

Combining seasonal assessment data with the baseline data – a problem specification

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LIU baseline data for the reference year identifies the contribution of crops, livestock, and other sources to households’ food intake (2100 kcals) and cash income. Woreda data on crop production (eg sorghum) is then collected for the reference year (eg 2002).

This corresponds to the sorghum component of crops in the baseline.

During the seasonal assessment current year crop production data at the woreda level (in this example 2006) is collected and compared to the reference year data.

This gives the problem specification for the current year. Sorghum production in this example is 55% of sorghum production in the reference year.

The contribution of sorghum production (crops) to food intake is 55% of the contribution to food intake in the reference year.

The seasonal assessment hazard analysis is multi-dimensional: it includes not only crops, but also access to labour, livestock production, access to other income sources, and changes in market prices (including inflation)

The seasonal assessment analysis is carried out using the Livelihoods Impact Analysis Spreadsheet (LIAS). This is a tool that enables multi-agency teams to conduct a transparent analysis of data collected from the field for up to 20 districts and 12 livelihood zones at a time. The analysis ensures that the data makes sense and that data errors are identified. The original data plus any revisions and comments by the teams are stored in LIAS for future reference. (SOURCE – DMFSS/LIU)

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Seasonal Assessment Methodology – the practice

1. Each region sends one person to Addis to prepare and print the seasonal assessment materials for their region. 2. A Seasonal Assessment Trainers of Trainer (TOT) workshop is held in Addis Ababa for federal and regional team leaders (usually 2 per region). 3. The people trained in the TOT then travel to the regions and provide 2 days training to team members in each region. 4. Teams are composed of federal, regional government staff from MOARD, MOH, MOWR; WFP, UNICEF, NGOs 5. The teams are briefed by DPFSCB officials before visiting selected zones and woredas. 6. The teams collect data for all the woredas but only visit some of the woredas to confirm findings. 7. Semi-structured interviews/briefings/debriefing are held with regional/zonal and woreda officials to discuss the food security situation and to gather crop, livestock, price and "other" information for the current season. 8. Semi-structured interviews with crop and livestock traders and others who have a good knowledge of markets are also conducted. 9. Complementary information is collected through field observations, and where feasible through discussions with NGO staff, community leaders, and model farmers. 10. Additional sources of information used included: the Livelihood Baselines and rainfall (RFE) data. 11. The teams then spend 3-4 days entering the data collected into the Livelihood Impact Analysis Sheets (LIAS), analyzing the data and preparing the regional report. The LIAS is a tool that enables multi-agency teams to conduct a transparent analysis of data collected from the field. The analysis ensures that the data makes sense and that data errors are identified and adjustments made. The original data, plus any revisions and comments made by the teams, have been stored in LIAS for future reference. The Livelihood Impact Analysis Sheet enables coping strategies to be incorporated into the analysis. The LIAS identifies the wealth groups affected in each woreda, for how many months, and quantifies both the population in need and the amount (food/cash) required. 12. This is followed by debriefing and presentation to the regional officials

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REGIONAL SUMMARY OF FOOD SUPPLY PROSPECT

SOMALI

Basic facts Number of zones 9 Number of woredas 53 Projected population for mid 2012 5,150,216 Needy population due to acute problem for 2013 963,801 Needy population as percent of population 18.71% Food requirement in Mt for emergency 82,562.50 assistance

WEATHER CONDITIONS

The onset of 2012 Karan rains was on time in Siti (formerly Shinile) and Fafan (formerly Jigjiga) zones. However, the amount and distribution were below normal in July: three to four sufficient rainfalls with good intensity reported in most districts in Siti zone, and Tuliguled, Gursum, and Babile districts of Fafan zone towards end of July. The first dekad of August, most districts in both zones were dry with small shower in some of the districts, except for pocket areas of Dembel, Miso, Afdem, south of Erer, Awbare, Gursum and part of Tuliguled where two days sufficient rainfalls with good coverage reported.

Karan rains performance improved in the third week of August, and four to five sufficient rains with good distribution reported from Dembel, Miso, Afdem, Hadagalle, north of Shinile ,south of Erer, south of Ayisha districts of Siti zone, and Awbare, west part of Kabribayah, pocket area of Jigjiga, Gursum, Babile, and north of Harshin districts of Fafan zone. In the end of August, sufficient rainfall reported in most parts of Awbare, part of Kabribayah, Gursum, and Babile, part of Jigjiga, Tuliguled and Dembel districts towards.While majority of Siti zone remained dry, except pocket areas where erratic rainfall with poor distribution received. Karan performance improved after the first week of September in all districts of the Fafan zone, including Harshin district.

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Overall, the 2012 Karan rainfall was better than last three rainy seasons, and has been demonstrated in significant improvement of pasture and water in both zones. But Siti zone reported earlier cessation that negatively affected crops germination and production particularly in the agro pastoral areas of Shinile woreda. The performance of the rainfall is considered as normal to near above normal in parts of Afdem, Hadagalle, South of Erer, Dembel, Gursum, Babile, Tuliguled and Awbare districts. While the Karan rainfall has been near normal to normal in most parts of of Kabribayah, east and south east of Jigjiga, north of Erer, north of Shinile, part of Ayisha and Miso woredas..

Deyr 2012 rain is the second rainy season which starts in normal year from early of October and lasts up to the end of November in southern zones, and Harshin district of Somali region. In 2012 the early onset of Deyr rains improved water availability in some districts under southern zones.

Overall Shilabo, and Dobeweyn districts of Korahey zone, many areas in Liban zone, except Doloado, Dagahmad, Aware and Daror, woredas of Jarar zone, Adadley,Ferfer,Muztahil,Kalafo and part of Gode woredas of Shabelle zone, part of Warder zones received four to five times sufficient with good distribution of deyr rains in 2012, while part of Hargelle, Charati, Elkare, Gurebaqaqsa, Guredamole, and south east of Barey districts of Afder, most parts of Nogob and Doollo, Kabridaher, Mersin and Shaykosh woredas of Korahey, and Yocale, Birqod, Gashamo, Gunagado and Ararso woredas of Jarar zones received three to four times near normal to normal rains. But areas such as, Doloado of Liban zone, Elweyn, Belanod, East-Imey, and part of Danan woredas of Shabelle zone, Dolobay, south of Charati, west and north of Barey, West Imey, and Raso woredas of Afder zone, and some pocket area of south west of Kabridaher, and west of Shaykosh woreda of Korahey zone received below normal deyr rains or even some remained dry during the season.

LIVESTOCK CONDITION

The overall pasture condition in the region looks normal in most parts of the region after the recent deyr/Karen rains have improved regeneration of pasture and browses. The availability of

15 | P a g e pasture is, however, not uniform across the region and there are some woredas and pockets that are starting to face deteriorating pasture conditions. In general, the existing pasture and browse resources are expected to sustain the existing demand for the remainder of the dry period and until the coming rainy season of gu in March. Areas that are anticipated to suffer from pasture shortage relatively early because of poor or below normal rainfall in the deyr season, and where pasture depletion before the end of the dry season is a likelihood scenario, includes: Dolobay, Doloado, Barey and Danan districts.

In agro-pastoralist areas of Fafan zone and some riverine parts, the farmers have benefited from obtaining substantial amounts of crop residues after they harvested the crops that had been cultivated in 2012 though the amount of grain harvested was below average. This was observed to have augmented the availability of animal feed in these areas thus reinforcing the prospect that emergency livestock feed shortage of significant proportions is less likely to occur during the dry season of Jiilaal unless unexpected and massive inward migration of livestock herds originating from neighboring areas occurs.

There has not been abnormal livestock migration in the region so far, but there are small scales, internal and within woreda or intra-zonal livestock movements reported in some areas which are expected to intensify toward the peak of the dry season in March/early April. These movements of livestock in search of better pasture grounds and water have been reported in several woredas including: Dolobay, Doloado, Barey and Danan districts

Regarding productivity, milk production has improved in many woredas due to increased number of lactating animals especially cattle and camels, which have calved in significant numbers since the onset of the deyr season in November. Both conception rate in 2011 and

16 | P a g e birth rate in 2012 in camels has been good in many parts of the region resulting in improved availability of milk both at household level as well as in local markets. This is reflected in the price of milk that has fallen in nearly all markets where milk is supplied. In spite of the good calving rate and subsequent improvement in milk availability in the majority of areas in the region, there were, however, several places that have been affected by a high prevalence of camel abortion, in which pregnant camels aborted after full gestation. This problem has been observed in the three riverine zones of Afder, Liban and Shabelle zones. No other livestock disease problem of major significance has been reported from the assessment, but there were localized and sporadic occurrences of endemic in endemic areas scattered across the region.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECTS

Most of the agricultural areas in Jarar, Korahey, and Liban part of Shabelle and Afder zones received normal to moderate rains, while some places like Dobeweyn, Filtu, Dekasuftu, Dagahmadow, and Moyale, received heavy rains during the month of October. The crop production prospect in all Agro pastoral livelihood zone of southern zones was poor due to lack of enough moisture caused by erratic nature of the deyr 2012 rains, long dry spells, poor rainfall runoff and weed infestation.

In 2012, there was no adequate favourable River flood water in Kalafo, Muztahil and Ferfer of all rivers for recession agriculture, which mostly poor household depend on surface/flood irrigation from Shebelle, Dawa and Web Rivers next to pump irrigation except for Dawa River in Sade area which over flooding negatively affected some farms.

Maize and sorghum crops in Fafen Zone, were cultivated in the agro-pastoral areas whereas in sedentary farming areas, the predominant crops cultivated in 2012 were mainly wheat and to some extent sorghum and barely. The crop production situation in agro-pastoralist areas was below average, due to the late onset of gu rains which resulted in late plantation of long cycle crops. On the other hand, as far as sedentary crop production is concerned, western parts of Tuliguled district and its surrounding kebeles were expecting a good harvest especially wheat, whereas the rest parts of the district and northwest of the Awbare district were expecting below normal harvest due to poor

17 | P a g e rainfall. The majority of the community residing in sedentary areas has shifted to cultivating short cycle crops instead of long maturing crops.

Maize crops that have been planted during the gu in agro-pastoral areas was generally believed to be poor because the onset of the gu rains was late leading to late planting and subsequently, the rains stopped before the crops were able to mature and reach flowering stage. So, the amount of harvest received from these crops was significantly below the average harvest in normal years. Despite the poor cereal harvest, farmers, however, benefited from harvesting favourable quantities of crop residues which will serve as feed for their animals or could be sold to raise cash income.

MARKET CONDITION

The purchasing power of the pastoral and agro-pastoral households has been strengthened in all parts of the region due to the decrease in cereal prices, particularly wheat, and the increasing livestock prices. Milk availability in deyr received zones increased as the calving rate of the season was increased (camel), but in coming dry season late lactating animals will dry up or milk yield will decrease. Cereal prices remained stable or flactuated particular wheat price in most markets of the region in 2012, but highly decline in the fourth quarter of 2012 compared to the same period 2011 (October/November 2012). Particularly significant price drops were observed in Fiq. Degahbur and Gode markets due to mainly regular Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) and relief food distribution, and availability of imported food items.

Livestock price (camel and shoat) has increased significantly compared to the long term average and same period of 2011, due to better internal and extrnal demand. The price trend has shown a gradual increase in 2012 compared to 2011 (Jan –Dec 2012) for all the main markets in the region, due to good livestock body condition, better internal and external demand. Terms of trade is favourable for the pastoralists in areas of better access and supply of cereals.

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FOOD SECURITY PROSPECTS

Generally the food security situation for most livelihood zones of the region remained stable due to the positive effects of the two consecutive rains (deyr 2011 and gu 2012) on pasture and water availability that sustained good to average livestock conditions, improved terms of trade due to the declining trend in cereal prices and improved livestock prices.

Deyr and karan 2012 rains started on time and performed well in most of the zones of Somali region. Exceptions were most parts of shinile zone that received poor karan rains and Elweyn, part of Danan, and East Imey districts of Shabelle zone, West Imey, Raso, Dolobay, and Barey districts of Afder zone and Doollo Ado of Liban zone that remained dry or received much below normal during 2012 deyr season. Milk production is currently declining in Shinile zone and some hotspot woredas like Daloado, Dolobay, Barey, Salahad, Lagahida, Qubi, Hamero, Raso, west- Imey and East Imey woredas.

Little or no harvest is expected from Shinile and majority of southern agro-pastoral livelihood zones as a result of the erratic nature of deyr and Karan rains. The harvest from the riverine areas is also very limited. Hence, failure of local cereal production and increased demand for food purchase under poor livestock production would cause an increase in the prices of food items. As a result, in the coming six months the purchasing power of the poor and middle households is expected to decline significantly since there is limited crop production and livestock price will likely decrease further during long dryJilaal season.

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Therefore, food availability and accessibility generally remains poor in areas that experienced poor 2012 karan/deyr rains. Because of this, a total of 963,800 people are estimated to require emergency relief assistance in 2013.

Table -2: - Emergency Beneficiaries and Food Requirement for Somali Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total Siti (Shinile ) 77,789 5,834.18 612.59 175.03 583.42 7,205.21 Fafen (Jigjiga) 214,577 16,093.28 1,689.79 482.80 1,609.33 19,875.19 Shebele (Gode) 132,129 9,909.68 1,040.52 297.29 990.97 12,238.45 Afder 68,835 5,162.63 542.08 154.88 516.26 6375.84 Liban 78,281 5,871.08 616.46 176.13 587.11 7,250.78 Jarar (Dagahbur) 124,706 9,352.95 982.06 280.59 935.30 11,550.89 Nogob (Fik) 137,049 4,845.83 508.81 145.37 484.58 5,984.59 Dolo (Warder) 64,054 4,804.05 504.43 144.12 480.41 5,933.00 Korahe 66,381 4,978.58 522.75 149.36 497.86 6,148.54 Total 963.801 66,852.23 7,019.48 2,005.57 6,685.22 82,562.50

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OROMIA

Basic Facts Number of Zones 18 Number of Woredas 262 Projected population for mid 2012 32,169,874 Needy population due to Acute problem for 2013 846,417 Needy population as percent of population 2.63% Food requirement in Mt for emergency assistance 77,311.87

WEATHER CONDITIONS

In general, the 2012 meher rains were favorable in central and western parts of the regions. Most parts of Borena and Guji zones have received relatively better hagaya rains than 2011 same season. However, some parts of the region including lowlands of Bale, east and west Hararghe zones experienced unfavorable weather conditions for agricultural activities during the season.

Onset of the 2012 meher rains was late by two to four weeks in west Shewa, East Wollega, north Shewa, Horo Guduru, lowland parts of Arsi, Bale, east Shewa, west Hararghe and west Arsi zones. In highland parts of Arsi, highland and midland parts of Bale, most parts of east Hararghe, highlands of west Hararghe, lowlands of Borena, lowland and highland parts of Guji zones, the onset was normal.

In highland and midland parts of Borena, the rains began early by about one week. Amount and distribution of the rains enhanced particularly during the months of July and August in most parts of west Shewa, east Wollega, north Shewa, Arsi, highland and mid highland parts of Bale, mid and highland parts of Borena, highland parts of Guji and highland and midland parts of west Arsi zones. Amount of the rains was intensive during the months of July and August in particular in Bora, Dugda, Lume, Adama, Liben, Chukala, Boset and Fentale woredas of E/Shewa and most parts of Arsi Zone, in particular in Ziway Dugda Woreda.

21 | P a g e

However, some pocket areas in the Region received low rainfall during the season. These include lowlands of Bale particularly Rayitu, Dawe Kachen, Dawe Sarar, Sewena, Gura Damole, Berbere, parts of Delo Mena, Harena Buluk, Meda Wolabu, and lowland parts of Ginir and Gololcha, and most parts of east and west Hararghe, and parts of Borena including Dilo, Dire, Teltele, Arero and Moyale, and Saba Boru woreda of Guji; and lowlands of west Arsi zones.

Some areas such as lowland woredas of Arsi like Seru, Amigna and Shirka, lowlands of Bale such as Dawe Sarar, Rayitu, Dawe Kachen, Sewena and Berbere, most parts of east Hararghe, west Hararghe, lowland woredas of Borena including Dilo, parts of Dire, Teltele, Arero and Yabelo; and Saba Boru woreda Guji zone, Rift valley woredas of west Arsi (Shashamane, Shala, Arsi Negele and Siraro) experienced prolonged dry spell condition during the season.

On the other hand, adverse weather condition: excessive rains, flooding and hailstorm have also been reported from pocket areas of east Wollega, north Shewa, Horo Guduru, Arsi, east Shewa, east and west Hararghe, and west Arsi zones.

Cessation of the rains was also early in some parts of west Shewa, east Wollega, and north Shewa, HoroGuduru, lowlands of Arsi, lowlands of Bale, east Shewa, east and west Hararghe, and west Arsi zones of Oromiya Region.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECT

Generally, the overall crop production prospects in most highland and midland parts of the region rated as good owing to better performance of the rain and utilization of inputs. However, in some lowland areas of the region poor production prospects is anticipated due to insufficient rain during the 2012 belg season for long cycle crops.

In Arsi and E/Shoa zones, due to poor performance of last belg rains, long cycle crops were significantly affected in the lowland areas particularly in Zuway Dugda, lowland parts of Gololcha, Seru, Shirka and Merti woredas of Arsi zone. On the other hand, performance of short cycle crops in most parts of the high and midland areas of the zone was good. But occurrences

22 | P a g e of flooding in eight woredas of the zone have severely affected different crops planted on 9,168 hectares of land. The problem was more severe in Ziway Dugda woreda.

The overall crop production prospect in most parts east Shoa zone rated as normal except for some kebeles in Adami Tulu, Jido Kombolcha, Bora, Dugda, Boset and Fentale woredas where there was significant reduction in production due to excessive rainfall and flooding in seven woredas ( 7236 hectares damaged) during the month of July and August. In Bale Zone, except for some pockets in the lowlands where very poor production is anticipated, performance of short cycle crops was good in the highland and most midland parts of the zone. In west Arsi zone crop production in the lowlands areas of Siraro, Shala, and Shashemene and Arsi Negele woredas were negatively affected by prolonged dry spell weather condition.

In both East and West Hararghe zones, crop production was significantly affected due to the poor performance of meher rain despite the efforts made to increase production and productivity by distributing better amount of agricultural inputs during the season. The Performances of major cash crops (chat and coffee) in the zones were also reported to be below normal.

In east Wollega zone, the current season crop production has increased compared to that of last year but decreased by about 19% from the plan due to the damages caused by hailstorms, late onset and early cessation of the rain and flood mainly occurred in pocket areas of Gudeya Bila, Boneya Boshe, Kiramu, Gida Ayana, Ebantu and Haro Limu woredas. Similarly, in the midland and highland woredas of Guji zone, production prospect is anticipated to be good. The current year crop performance is better than that of the last five years and increased by 10 % more than the plan. In lowland woredas however, crop production is anticipated to be poor due to early cessation when crops were at growth and flowering stages.

In Horo Guduru Wollega zone, crop production estimate is 14 % higher than 2011, but reduced by 27% from that of the plan mainly due to the late onset and early cessation of the seasonal rains. However, production estimate of maize, the main staple food crop in the zone, is 76% of the production of 2011 due to early cessation of rains.

23 | P a g e

In north Shoa zone, estimates of crop production shows an increment compared to that of 2011 but reduced by about 12% compared to the plan. Production of maize and sorghum has been declined by 32% and 29%, respectively compared to that of 2011 mainly due to the failure of the belg rain and the late onset and early cessation of the meher rains. The overall crop production prospect in most of north Shoa zone is rated as good. However, there is a significant decline in crop production in Kimbibit, Abichu Gnea, Jida and Wuchale woredas mainly due to excessive rain, water logging, flood, land slide and yellow rust as well as frost while the crops were at milky and flowering stages.

In west Shoa zone, 2012 meher production has increased by 3% compared to that of last year (2011). However, the long cycle crops were negatively affected due to the late onset, small amounts, erratic distributions and early cessation of the meher rains. Short cycle meher crops were also affected by the early cessation of the seasonal rain when most crops were at flowering and seed setting stages. The overall production prospect in most parts of the zone is better than that of 2011, except in some pocket areas, where significant production losses have occurred due to the combined effects of adverse weather conditions including irregular rains, water logging, hailstorms and landslides. The most affected woredas were Abuna Gindeberete, Metarobi, Gindeberet, Jeldu, Ilfata and Adaberga.

LIVESTOCK CONDITIONS

The irregularity of last belg seasonal rains in terms of amount and distribution (spatial and temporal) during the months February through May 2012 caused shortage of pasture and water in most parts of the region and was critical in eastern half of the region. The situation has been improved during Kiremt 2012 as the seasonal rain had better performance to regenerate pasture and replenish water sources in most western, central and mid and highland areas of eastern parts of the region. However, the water and pasture availability remains under stress in the lowlands of east Hararghe, west Hararghe, Bale, Arsi and some woreda of Borana areas due to inadequate moisture to regenerate pasture and refill water sources. The crop residues in

24 | P a g e the aforementioned areas were also inadequate compared to the normal time due to stunted crop development and biomass production.

The available pasture may last up to end of January in most eastern, central and southern lowlands of the region. The water sources such as community and household ponds, hand dug and shallow wells contain little or no water compared same time of previous years. Acute water shortage reported from eight lowland woredas of east Hararghe, seven lowland woredas of west Hararghe, two woredas of Borana, six woredas of Arsi and West Arsi, and five woredas of Bale zones.

There is no unusual livestock movement reported in the western and central parts of the region. However, livestock movement in search of water and pasture started in the months of October and November 2012 (which is 2-3 months earlier than usual) in the lowlands of east Hararghe, west Hararghe and Bale zones towards the adjacent river valleys.

The livestock productivity is improved in the western, central and eastern parts of the region due to relatively good Kiremt rainfall performance. Particularly in Guji, west Arsi, west Wellga, and west Shewa zone the milk production was normal to above normal. However, the low conception of cows during the last poor belg season in most parts of east and west Hararghe lowlands and the depleted livestock holding in the lowland areas of Bale and Borana resulted in low milk production compared to normal.

MARKET CONDITIONS

In all the zones the price of staple food increased from last year level (2011 November/December). The causes of the price rise is generally attributed to production costs and reduced supply to market mainly due to low production in some of the zones like west and east Hararghe. The price of livestock has also shown increasing trend compared to last year (2011 november/Decmber), this is attributed to the increase in demand in both domestic and external markets.

25 | P a g e

FOOD SECURITY PROSPECTS

The general food security situation in the region is normal to below normal. The below normal food security situation was attributed by the poor performance of both belg and kiremt rains in lowlands of Bale, Arsi, east Shewa, west Arsi, west Shewa, Borena, east and west Hararghe. Apart from food crops, production of cash crops like chat and coffee were also affected by the poor performance of the kiremt rain. The failure of the belg rains caused shortage of pasture and water availability in most of the agro pastoral and lowland parts of Borena, Guji, Bale, west Arsi, east Shewa, east and west Hararghe zones. As a result the reproductive performance was affected bringing about fewer births and reduced milk production in the season. The escalating price of staple food items particularly that of sorghum and maize left most households to maximize livestock sale to get more money to cover food gaps. Livestock prices during the assessment period were higher than last year and the average in some parts of the region due to increased demand from external and internal markets. Based on the forementioned factors, a total of 846417 people are likely to require emergency food assistance in 2013. Table-3 :- Emergency Beneficiaries & Food Requirement for Oromia Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total Bale 52,827 3,962.03 416.01 118.86 396.20 4893.01 Borena 89,000 6,675.01 700.88 200.25 667.50 8,243.63 E/Hararghe 234,656 17,599.20 1,847.92 527.98 1,759.92 21,735.01 W/Hararghe 217,408 16,305.60 1,712.09 489.17 1,630.56 20,137.42 W/Arsi 90,000 6,750.00 708.75 202.50 675.00 8,336.25 Arsi 71,367 5,352.53 562.02 160.58 535.25 6,610.37 North Shewa 32,522 1,664.40 174.76 49.93 166.44 2,055.53 E/ Wellega 8,340 519.75 54.57 15.59 51.98 641.89 Jimma 8,583 643.73 67.59 19.31 64.37 795.00 Kelem Wellega 9,972 747.90 78.53 22.44 74.79 923.66 West Shewa 27,438 2,057.85 216.07 61.74 205.79 2,541.44 Horo Gudru 4,303 322.73 33.92 9.68 32.27 398.57 Total 846,417 62,600.71 6,573.07 1,878.02 6,260.07 77,311.87

26 | P a g e

TIGRAY

Basic Facts

Number of Zones 5

Number of Woredas 35

Projected population for mid 2012 5,032,785

Needy population due to Acute problem for 2013 283,399

Needy population as percent of the rural population 5.63%

Food requirement in Mt for emergency assistance 1,595.93

WEATHER CONDITION

The 2012 rains in March-May were low in amount, uneven in distribution, with frequent dry spells and ceased earlier than normal. In some areas like Erob, eastern parts of SeaseTseadaEmba and some parts of central Tigray they were near total failure. The rainfall during the season was much below average. These belg season rains are normally useful for land preparation and planting of long-cycle meher crops like maize, sorghum and millet.

On the other hand, the June-September rains had a generally normal start and their overall performance in amount and distribution was about normal in most of the Region. Although this was the general situation, several pocket areas experienced dry spells during June - August, early cessation of the rains ranging between one and a half to four weeks, occurrences of flash floods and hailstorms, and untimely rainfall during September/October. Raya Azebo woreda in Southern Tigray is one such area where there was a nearly four weeks of dry spell in July/August. Parts of HintaloWajirat and SamreSeharte in Southeastern Tigray; eastern low- lying areas of Eastern Tigray including Erob and TseaseTseadaEmba; TanquaAbergelle, MerebLehe, WeriLehe, , TahtayMaichow, LaelayMaychew and Aheferom in central Tigray were

27 | P a g e among the woredas more affected by erratic and poorly distributed rains during both the belg and kiremt seasons.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECTS

Meher agricultural activities in the Region normally begin in March/April with the start of belg rains. In 2012 the delays in the start of these rains and their poor performance in subsequent months seriously impacted land preparation, planting and early development of long-cycle maize, sorghum and millet. The poor belg rains in the region had a number of adverse impacts on meher production in 2012: long-maturing crops were planted very late; these crops performed well below average in most areas due to the erratic nature of the rains; in some parts the crops wilted and dried up from inadequate soil moisture; there was a significant shift in the planting pattern, a shift from long-cycle and high-yielding crops to short-maturing but low-yielding crops.

Tsedia crops (short-cycle meher crops) performed well in nearly all parts of the region as the overall performance of the June –September rains were close to normal in all but isolated pocket areas. Pocket areas in different zones, however, suffered considerable yield losses mainly by weather related shocks (late start of rains, some dry spells during the growing period, hailstorms, water logging, flash floods, and early withdrawal of rains, pest and weed infestations, and unseasonable rainfall). Among the areas that encountered considerable losses include, Raya Azebo and Emba Alaje in Southern Tigray, Samre Saharte and Hintalo Wajirat in southeastern Tigray; SeaseTseadaEmba in eastern Tigray; Tanqua Abergele in central Tigray and TahtayKoraro in northwestern Tigray. Despite occurrences of harsh weather conditions in a number of pocket areas that impacted crop production, the region expects to harvest an estimated 9% increase in overall production over that of 2011. The increase is much higher when compared with the reference year of 2004/2005. In addition to the reasonable weather, impact of much improved extension services and increased supply of agricultural inputs have positively contributed to the increase in overall production. It has been reported that supply of inputs in 2012 was good and significantly higher than that of 2011and the reference year.

28 | P a g e

LIVESTOCK CONDITION

Availability of pasture and water is currently good in most woredas. Although there are some intermittent incidences of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) as well as pasteurolisis, there are no major disease outbreaks affecting livestock. Consequently, the current condition of livestock is generally good. However, parts of Erob, SeaseTseadaEmba, Raya Azebo, HintaloWajerat, WereiLehe, MerebLehe, Ahferom, TahitayMachew, Tselemti, TahitayAdiabo and LaelayAdiabo face high risk of feed and water shortages in the current year and this might trigger long distance travel by livestock in search of water and pasture as the current dry season advances. Some livestock have already migrated into Afar from the worst affected localities of Erob woreda in Eastern Tigray. On a regional level, productivity of livestock is normal. But in some pocket areas, especially drought affected parts of Erob, SeaseTseadaEmba, Hintalo Wajirat and Raya Azebo; it has shown a significant decline due to shortages of feed and water.

MARKET CONDITIONS

Market supply of cereals was stable in most markets. The supply was rather limited in Raya Azebo, Erob and Chila markets due to the recent low production. With regard to prices of staple foods, significant increases over both the reference year and that of 2011 were observed. Supply of livestock to the market was also stable and normal. Nonetheless, their current prices are more than threefold compared to the reference year (2004/2005). They are also notably higher than those of one year ago by at least 19% for oxen and 8% for goats. The increase is associated with the relative improvement in pasture availability and increased demand.

FOOD SECURITY PROSPECTS

Overall food security situation in the region is likely to be stable as food and income sources are expected to be normal or even far better. Despite this over all positive prospects, pocket areas whose crop production has been seriously affected by irregular weather (late start or early cessation of rains, long dry spells, hailstorms, floods, water logging, and unseasonable rainfall) and other weather-related shocks such as crop pests and diseases will experience significant

29 | P a g e food deficits during the current year. All in all, the total number of people in different pocket areas of the region with major food gaps and requiring food assistance in 2013 is currently estimated at 283,399.

Table-4: - Emergency Beneficiaries and Food Requirement for Tigray Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Sup. Cereal Oil Pulses Total Food Southern 73,471 8,816 923.73 264.50 881.65 10,888.40

S.Eastern 49,600 5,952.00 624.96 178.56 595.20 7,350.72

Eastern 62,350 7,482.00 785.61 224.46 748.20 9,240.27 Central 70,675 8,481.00 891.51 254.43 848.10 10,474.04 N/ west 27,303 3,276.36 344.02 98.29 327.64 4,046.30 283,399 37,007.88 3,570.83 1,020.24 3,400.79 41,999.73 Total

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AMHARA

Basic Facts

Number of Zones 10

Number of Woredas 146

Projected population for mid 2012 19,131,825

Needy population due to Acute problem for 2013 167,608

Needy population as percent of population 0.88%

Food requirement in Mt for emergency assistance 15,524.69

WEATHER CONDITION

The performance of the 2012 meher rains was favorable in most parts of the region with the exception of pocket areas in different zones. The onset was timely except in some parts of South Gonder, Oromia and west Gojam zones. The amount of rain was normal to above normal in most areas, apart from some lowlands in north Wello (e.g. Raya Kobo, Dawunt, Habru and Gubalafto Woredas); East Gojam (e.g. Hulet Eju Yinse and Enebsie Sarmedir) andWag Himra (e.g. Ziquala, Sahala, Abergele and Sekota).These low land areas also experienced early withdrawal of rains by two to five weeks. In the rest of the region, cessation was more or less normal.

In addition, there were Weather adversities in different zones like floods, hailstorms and unseasonal rain.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECTS

As a result of the normal onset of rains in most parts of the region, land preparation and planting were done timely. However, planting was late in pocket areas, mainly in the low lands,

31 | P a g e due to the late onset of rains. The low land areas also suffered from poor belg, which resulted in delayed planting of long cycle maize and sorghum.

At regional level, the area planted is similar to that of 2011 but has increased by 38% compared to the reference year of 2005/06. But, the areas that experienced delayed rain, early cessation of rains, as well as other weather adversities experienced yield loss. The highest production loss is in south Wello and south Gondar followed by Oromia, north Gondar and north Wello zones.

In terms of input utilization, about 2.3 million quintals of commercial fertilizer and 224,728 quintals of improved seeds were distributed. In addition to the commercial fertilizers, farmers used considerable amount of compost.

Despite the estimated loss in some of the zones, the overall production in the region is said to be good. According to Zonal Bureaus of Agriculture, 2012 yield estimates exceed the reference and last year (2011) achievements by 139 % and 5% respectively.

LIVESTOCK CONDITION

Pasture and drinking water for livestock have improved as a result of the favorable meher rains. This in turn has resulted in improved livestock body condition. However, low land kebeles reported grazing and water shortage. The pocket areas affected are from wag Himra, east Gojam, south Gondar and north Gondar. Farmers from these kebeles have taken their livestock to better neighboring areas. On the other hand Oromia, north and south Wello zones reported that there is no water shortage for now, but livestock feed from crop residuals will not be enough in lowland parts due to poor production of crops.There are no epidemic level disease reports.

MARKET CONDITION

The market supply of both crops and livestock were stable in most zones as compared to last year (2011). However, a decrease in supply of crops was reported in some zones. For example, a decline in the supply of grain was reported in south Wello and Oromia Zones due to reduced

32 | P a g e production. Moreover, a decrease in the supply of pulses was reported in south Gondar and east Gojam zones. The market supply of livestock is stable in all woredas as compared to 2011, except slight increase in Oromia zone as many people are trying to sell livestock in order to buy staple food.

Prices of crops and livestock increased in all zones compared to same time of 2011. Increase in sorghum Price ranged from 22% to 42% and that of Teff from 21 to 51%. Livestock prices have also increased in all zones. Traders, zonal and woreda experts expect prices for both crops and livestock to continue to increase.

FOOD SECURITY PROSPECT

In meher producing areas of the region, the food security prospect will be generally stable. This is due to the fresh, overall good meher harvest, cash income from livestock sale, labor wages etc. and relief food distributions. Nevertheless, food security in some low land areas will deteriorate over the coming months. Parts of the low lands in north and south Wello, Wag Himra, north Gondar, and north Shoa that experienced reduced crop production both during 2012 meher and belg seasons will suffer from deteriorating food security situation. Because of this, a total of 167,608 people are estimated to require emergency food assistance in 2013.

Table 5: - Emergency Beneficiaries &Food Requirement for Amhara Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total N Shewa 28,310 2,123.25 222.94 63.70 212.33 2,622.21 S/ Gonder 3,050 228.75 24.02 6.86 22.88 285.51 N/ Gonder 32,100 2,407.50 252.79 72.23 240.75 2,973.26 N/Wello 23,742 1,780.65 186.97 53.42 178.07 2,199.10 S/Wello 43,360 3,250.00 341.46 97.56 325.20 4,016.22 Wag Hemra 27,046 2,028.45 212.99 60.85 202.85 2,505.14 Oromiya 10,000 750.00 78.75 22.50 75.00 923.25 Total 167,608 12,570.60 1,319.91 377.12 1,257.06 15,524.69

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AFAR

Basic Facts Number of Zones 5 Number of Woredas 33 Projected rural population for mid 2012 1,569,201 Needy population due to Acute problem for 2013 109,423 Needy population as percent of the rural population 6.97% Food requirement in Mt for emergency assistance 10,135.35

WEATHER CONDITION

The onset of Karma 2012 rain was normal in most parts of the region but the amount become below normal since beginning of August and ceased earlier than normal by two to three weeks. The performance of the rain can be rated from normal to near normal, in the southern and south eastern parts of the region, while it was below normal in the central and northern parts of the region. Early, cessation of the rain adversely affected seed filling and maturity of crops in the agro-pastoral areas and hence, caused a significant yield reduction.

Generally, the amount and distribution of karma rains were not consistent, leaving some kebeles in the region with little or no rains and some areas having short lasting heavy rain, which resulted in flash flood during the third dekad of July.

LIVESTOCK CONDITION

Pasture availability reported to be favorable in southern part of Afar (Zone 3 and 5 and part of zone 1) and expected to sustain livestock until the next rainy season (sugum 2013). On the other hand, 2012 karema rains were inadequate to support regeneration of pasture and browses, and the replenishment of water sources in the northern parts of the Region. This condition resulted livestock feed shortage in many areas in the northern parts of the Region.

The other factor which affected the rangeland and pasture productivity is the expansion of invasive woody plants such as Prosopis juliflora and pertinum spp, recurrent drought and land degradation. The recurrent drought during the last 10 years also noted to significantly reduce

34 | P a g e livestock herd size (camel, cattle, and Shoats) and number of milking animals, and consequently the contribution of livestock as source of food and livelihood are declining in the region.

Physical condition of Livestock reported to be average. However, with the prevailing poor pasture availability (northern parts of the Region) and absence of daddaa rain (December rain), the livestock physical condition is expected to deteriorate soon. The situation will likely be aggravated if the next rainy season (mid March –Mid April) delays or fails. As a result of poor 2012 karma rain, early movement of livestock already reported from Yalo, Bidu, Kori and Burimudaitu, and Hadel-ela woredas to neighboring areas in Amhara (Kobo woreda) and Tigray (Raya Azebo) regions. Critical water shortage for both human and livestock consumption also reported from Kori, Bidu, Elidar, Erebti, Berahle and Yalo woredas. There was no livestock disease reported at epidemic level, but sporadic occurrence of endemic livestock diseases such as PPR, LSD, Pasteurellosis and Sheep Pox and Respiratory diseases have been reported from some woredas.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECTS

In general, 2012 crop production in the agro-pastoral areas of Afar Region reported to be below average due to late on set, erratic distribution and early cessation of karma rains; and lack of irrigation water and flooding problem particularly in Gewane, Afambo and Asayita woredas of Zone 3.These include the agro-pastoral areas in Argoba Special woreda in zone 3; and abaala, Dallol and Berahle woredas in Zone 2. In Argoba Woreda, Crops (sorghum and teff) were affected at their critical growth stage (seed setting) due to early cessation of karema rain (mid August). Similarly late onset, erratic distribution and early cessation of karma rain and flash flood were also reported to have caused significant yield reduction in Abaala, Dallol and Berahle woredas of Zone 2. However, in some agro-pastoral woredas (Gewane, Argoba, Asaita, and Ab’ala) maize, sorghum and other crops have been produced despite the crop failure due to early cessation of karma rain and flood that devastated crop lands mainly in Asaita woreda.

MARKET CONDITIONS

Grain prices have been increasing in almost all parts of the region starting from September due to the limited supply of grains from the agro-pastoral areas and the limited amount of grain (

35 | P a g e wheat) marketed from neighboring regions ( e.g grain marketed from Tigray region to Yalo woreda). 2012 crop production in the agro-pastoral areas of the Region has greatly reduced due to inadequate flood and early cessation of the rain.

In general, the prices of both cereal and livestock have shown an increasing trend, but the rate of cereal price increment is expected to be higher than livestock turning the terms of trade slightly against the pastoralist. The body condition of livestock is expected to deteriorate particularly in areas where the karema rain has been below normal (Northern and eastern parts of the region) as the dry season advances.

FOOD SECURITY PROSPECT

The food security situation in the northern and central region will be below normal in 2013 due to the effects poor karma rains in 2012.

Pastoralists in most woredas are facing acute shortage of pasture and water and reduced livestock production. Agro-pastoralist has also faced significant crop loss due to early cessation of karma rain and flood damages (Asayita woreda). The contribution of livestock to the food and income is also rapidly declining in some areas due to reduced per-capita herd size and reduced milk production. Hence, due to the above noted factors 109,423 people will require emergency relief assistance in 2013.

Table -6: - Emergency Beneficiaries and Food Requirement for Afar Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total Zone One 47,916 3,593.67 377.33 107.81 359.37 4,438.18 Zone Two 20,738 1,555.33 163.31 46.66 155.53 1,920.84 Zone Three 17,802 1,335.12 140.19 40.05 133.52 1,648.91 Zone Four 10,156 761.70 79.98 22.85 76.17 940.70 Zone Five 12,812 960.92 100.90 28.83 96.09 1,186.73 Total 109,423 8,206.76 861.71 246.20 820.68 10,135.35

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BENISHANGUL GUMUZ

Basic Facts Number of Zones 3 zones & 1 S.Woreda Number of Woredas 17 Projected rural population for mid 2012 1,012,909 Needy population due to Acute problem for 2013 20,877 Needy population as percent of the rural population 2.06% Food requirement in Mt for emergency assistance 1,933.73

WEATHER CONDITIONS

Generally, the region has received normal and above normal meher rain, which has contributed to good performance of major crops and in turn contributed to improved food security situation in the region. The onset, distribution and amount of meher rain were normal during the production season of 2012. In most woredas, though the cessation was relatively late, the amount of rain received around end October was above normal. On the other hand, all weredas reported to have received above normal/excessive rain in the month of July and August, which has affected the production of sesame, haricot bean and pepper. As result of these, and other hazards, the food security situation in pocket areas of Assosa, Metekel and Kamashi zones, and Mao Komo special and Guba woredas was negatively affected.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECTS

In 2012, all agricultural activities; land preparation, and planting were done on time in all zones of the Region. The aggregate area planted in the region was 472,011 hectares and was 16% over that of 2011. As a result of the 2012 favourable meher rains, overall production is also expected to increase by 27% from that of 2011. However, pest infestation and excessive rain in the months of July and August reported to have caused significant yield reduction on haricotbean and sesame in pocket areas of Assosa and Bambasi woredas in Assosa zone. Apart

37 | P a g e from pocket area problems mentioned above, good production prospects is anticipated in most parts of the region.

LIVESTOCK CONDITIONS

The 2012 meher rain reported to have improved the availability of pasture and water and the livestock physical condition as well. However, shortage of pasture and water is anticipated as the dry season advances. There were no reports of livestock epidemics during the season.

MARKET CONDITIONS

Price of cereals and livestock remains relatively high in all three zones, and reported to show increasing trend from that of last year (2011).

FOOD SECURITY PROSPECTS

Generally, the region has received normal and above normal meher rain, which has contributed to good performance of major crops and in turn contributed to improved food security situation in the region. In the region area cultivated has increased by 16% and production is estimated to increase by 27% from that of 2011 (2010/2011 production season). However in pocket areas of Bambasi and Assosa pest and excessive rains caused damages and yield reduction to maize, and the cash crops (haricot bean and pepper). The food security situation in these pocket areas is likely to deteriorate in the coming months. Because of this, about 20877 people in Bambasi, Assosa Kumuk, Mao Komo Special and Guba woredas will require food assistance in 2013

Table -7: -Emergency Beneficiaries & Food Requirement for Benishangul Gumuz Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total Assosa 19,530 1,464.75 153.80 43.94 146.48 1,808.97 Metekel 242 18.15 1.91 0.54 1.82 22.42 Moa kmo S.W 1,105 82.88 8.70 2.49 8.29 102.35 Total 20,877 1,565.78 164.41 46.97 156.58 1,933.73

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SNNP

WEATHER CONDITION

Following the poor performance of last belg season, onset of 2011 meher rain was normal in all zones of the region. Since the start, adequate and fairly distributed rains were continued in most mid and highland areas of the region until end of September. However, irregular distribution and extended dry spell (late September to mid-October) was reported in many lowlands of Gamo Gofa, Dawro, Wolaita, Segen Areas People (Alle and Konso) zones.

On the other hand, localized adverse weather condition (excessive rainfall, flood and hail storms) were experienced in July/August which affected some parts of Wolaita (Duguna Fango, Boloso Sore, Damot Sore and Soddo zuria), Hadya (Shashego woreda), Sidama (Loka Abaya, Boricha, Dale and Bensa), Halaba special woreda, Gamo Gofa (Boreda, Arbaminch zuria, Demba Gofa, Mirab Abaya and Kemba) and western parts of Gurage zones.

After a long dry spell, unseasonable rains continued until November in many parts of Gamogofa, Dawro, Wolita, and Sidama zones. In Gedeo zone, it has extended till the month of December. On the other hand, early cessation (by about two weeks) was reported in some areas in Kembata, Hadya, Gurage, Silte zones and Halaba special woreda.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECTS

Despite the fact that meher rains started timely, land preparation and planting of most crops were delayed as a result of delayed 2012 belg harvest. The normal planting calendar particularly for cereals and pulses was pushed by more than a month; (from early July - mid- August to late August – mid September, 2012). On the other hand, planting time in most meher dependent areas of Hadya, Gurage and Silte zones was normal even though sowing in pocket areas of these three zones was delayed due to excessive rains in July. Recessional farming in Dasenech woreda of South Omo zone also delayed by about one month due to reduced over flow of Omo River.

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Overall area covered by meher crops in Gamogofa, Dawro, Wolaita, Sidama and Gedeo has increased compared to last year (2011) and the reference year (2005/2006) mainly due to area shifted from last belg to 2012 meher season as a result of delayed belg rains. Close to normal area coverage of meher crops was reported in Hadya, kembata, Silte, Gurage zones and Halaba special woreda of the region. However, area planted has shown a reduction of 15 to 30 per cent from 2011 in some woredas (Deramalo, Zala, Arbaminch zuria and Gize Gofa) of Gamogofa zone as meher planting was affected due to delayed maize harvest of 2012 belg season. Similarly, Area under recession farming in Dasenech woreda of South Omo zone has reduced by 27 per cent due to low level of Omo River during the year (2012). Total area under long cycle crops (sorghum, maize and figure millet) in Halaba was also declined by up to 15 pre cent as land preparation and planting of these crops was negatively influenced by the late onset of belg rains. Similarly, area under sweet potato in Kembata – Tembaro zone was dropped by 38 per cent due to shortages of cuttings resulted from repeated previous belg failures. Unlike to these, area planted for taro and ginger (tolerant to moisture stress) increased by 22 and 40 per cent respectively due to shift of area from sweet potato following the poor start of 2012 belg season.

Crops in some parts of the region were affected by long dry spell at flowering stages. Maize (the major crop) in the lowland areas of Gamo Gofa zone (Zala, Mirab Abaya, Kemba and Kucha) and lowland parts of Segen Areas People zone (Alle and Konso woredas), teff and haricot been in Dawro zone (Gena Bosa and Loma woredas) and Wolaita zone (Duguna Fango, Damot Woyde, Humbo, Boloso Bombe, Damot gale and Boloso sore woredas) were critically affected at flowering by long dry spell in the month of October. Similarly, pepper and other cereals in the eastern parts of Gurage zone (Sodo, Meskane and mareko), Silte zone (Lanfuro, Silti, Sankura and parts of Dalocha woredas) were also influenced by moisture stress at the end of the harvest season.

On the other hand, excess rains in some highland areas of Gamo Gofa zone (Boreda, Arbaminch zuria, Demba Gofa, Mirab Abaya and Kemba) damaged pulses during flowering in September.

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Flood and hailstorms were also caused crop losses in Shashego of Hadyia, Dugnafango of Wolaita, Lanfuro and Silti woredas of Silte zones.

Utilization of agricultural inputs particularly commercial fertilizers (DAP and Urea) were declined as compared to last year (2011), though supply was sufficient. Results of the analysis indicated that utilization of DAP and UREA in Wolaita, Kembata, Gamo Gofa, Gurage zones and Halaba special woreda were dropped by 30 to 70 per cent whereas five percent raised in Silte zone when compared to last year. Major reasons for low input utilization in meher 2012 were: 1)inadequate of access to credit for inputs 2) poor purchasing power as income of households was affected by the poor last belg harvest and 3) delayed meher planting; some farmers fear using inputs particularly fertilizers when meher planting was delayed.

Generally, production of meher 2012 in the region has increased when compared to 2011. For example, it has increased up to 24 per cent in Gedeo, Kembata-Tembaro, Sidama, Gamo Gofa, Wolaita zones and Halaba special woreda. However, variations were observed among woredas and considerable reduction was noticed in many pocket areas of the region. Major factors attributed to production losses in 2012 meher season were: Delayed meher planting impacted by late onset of 2012 belg rains, low input utilization, early cessation of meher rains (affected crops at critical growth stages), weather adversities such as flood, excessive rain/logging, hailstorms etc. and pests and diseases occurrences.

LIVESTOCK CONDITION Good performance of rain in last July and August coupled with some rains in late October and in November 2012 favored pasture and water availability. The availability of pasture and water together with good access for crop residues improved physical condition of livestock and productivity as well. There were no report of livestock disease outbreaks, unusual herd movements and mortality during the season.

MARKET CONDITION Supply of staple foods to the markets was in general increasing in most zones during the assessment period (harvesting period). Supply of the major staple food crops in Dawero zone was, however, below normal in local and major markets of the zone due to belg maize

41 | P a g e considerable yield reduction and impacts of moisture stress on teff and haricot beans at germination stage in lowland areas and heavy rains during harvesting time in midland and highland parts of the zone.

The price of the food crops have shown a slight reduction since September in all crops except price of teff which is still higher than 2011 sametime and past few years average. However, prices of staple foods (November-December/2012) were increased in Gurage, Hadiya, silte and Dawero zones and Halaba special woreda. Prices of cash crops such as coffee and ginger have decreased due to decline of global demand/low prices. Wage rate for coffee labor decreased with decrease of coffee price in coffee growing zones, while the price of other wage labor was increasing in most parts of the zones.

Livestock supply to the markets was stable. November/December 2012 price for animals was showing increasing trend from the preceding months and same time in 2011.

FOOD SECURITY PROSPECT

Generally, production of meher 2012 in the region has increased when compared to previous year (2011). For example, it has increased up to 24 per cent in Gedeo, Kembata-Tembaro, Sidama, Gamo Gofa, Wolaita zones and Halaba special woreda. However, variations were observed among woredas and signifcant reduction was noticed in many pocket areas of the region. Major factors attributed to production losses in 2012 meher season were: delayed meher planting impacted by late onset of 2012 belg rains, low input utilization, early cessation of meher rains (affected crops at critical growth stages), and weather adversities such as flood, excessive rain/logging, hailstorms etc. and pests and diseases occurrences. Hence about 17230 people in the region require emergency relief assistance in 2013.

Table-8: - Emergency Beneficiaries and Food Requirement for SNNP Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total Guraghe 17,230 1,292.25 135.69 38.77 129.23 1,595.93 Total 17,230 1,292.25 135.69 38.77 129.23 1,595.93

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GAMBELLA

Basic Facts Number of Zones 3 zones & 1 S.Woreda Number of Woredas 12 Projected rural population for mid 2012 394,931 Needy population due to Acute problem for 2013 44,500 Needy population as percent of the rural population 10.25% Food requirement in Mt for emergency assistance 4,121.81

WEATHER CONDITIONS

The meher rainy season is the longest and most important season in the zone. It starts from April and continue until October with the peak rain in July to August. In 2012, the onset was normal. The amount of the rain during the season was, however, heavy and more than average. Due to the heavy rain performance in the highland neighboring region of Oromiya and SNNPR which are the watershed area of the region`s major rivers: Baro, Akobo and Gilo and high rainfall in the region, the rivers were over flooding; starting from end of August and in the month of September the rivers were at their maximum full capacity and unusually overflowing to the surrounding areas.

As the result, there was temporary displacement of people and livestock in most of the woredas of Nuer zone to their nearby kebelles and woreda towns (Mata, Nygnigang and Kuwatchiang). People were forced to shelter in their nearby spot dry land and on the high way roads and under trees and on bare lands.

The road from Gambella to Niygnang town; from woreda town to kebelles in Wonthoa, Jikawo and Makuway woredas flooded and seriously damaged, transportation and communication with regional capital/Gambella and between the woredas and kebelles was interrupted. The flood created serious accessibility problem and disrupted the normal livelihood activities of the people. Service infrastructures such as water, schools and health institutes were affected and their services were also interrupted in most kebelles of the zone. The available of pasture and grasses in the grazing lands was flooded and inaccessible by the livestock for gazing. The

43 | P a g e situation also created muddy environment affecting the health of the livestock by creating water borne diseases.

In Mezenger zone the delay of the belg rain and extended excess meher rain had negative impact timely flowering of coffee and forest trees and honey flora.

On the other hand, there was dry spells in some pocket areas/kebelles in Gog, Gambella Zuria and dimma woredas during the crop development and flowering stage and resulted moisture stress on maize crop.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECT

The Major crops cultivated in the zone are: Maize, Sorghum, Sesame, Haricot bean and mango. Maize and Sorghum are the major staple foods in the area and it comprises 85% of the total crop production. During the normal year planting of meher season maize starts in April and matures in July for green consumption and grain harvesting is in August. Following the timely onset of the 2012 meher rain, land preparation and planting activities were done on time. Planting started in April and extended until May and the planting activities were done on time. The total plan to cultivate during the production season was 663,373 hectares of which 71% was achieved. The cultivated area was less from the anticipated production, yet it was higher when compared to 2011 and the reference year (2007/2008).

The recession farming along the Baro, Akobo and Gilo rivers is also important agricultural practice in the region. During the normal year, land preparation starts in October. However, in 2012 due to extended excess rain, water logging and flooding, it was delayed by more than a month. At the time the assessment (November/December) the flood was not recessed and thus, most farmers in Jor, Makuway, Jikawo and Wonthoa woredas were not able to access their land and plant on time.

With regard to input provision (improved seeds) a total of 4595quintals (Maize 3643 quintal, sorghum 908 quintal, sesame 40 quintal, ground nut 2.36 quintal, vegetable seed 110.5 Kg) were provided and distributed to the farmers in each woreda.

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The total production achieved in 2012 meher season was 516,899 quintals, only 49% of the anticipated/planned production. The reasons for the decreases in production include lack of adequate input supply, and low quality and untimely delivery of inputs in some woredas, traditional farming system, and adverse weather condition such as flooding, dry spell and heavy rainfall which affected the performance of maize crop at various growth stages. During the production season there were flood hazards and as a result, 9156 ha of land was damaged that has a negative consequence in the future food security prospect of the affected area. The achieved production was reported to be significantly higher than that of the reference year (2007/2008) and the 2011 levels.

LIVESTOCK CONDITIONS

The onset and performance of the meher rain was good at the beginning and this situation improved the availability of pasture and water for the livestock. However, starting from end of August the availability and access to pasture and grazing land in some parts of the region was hindered due to flooding of the grazing lands. Starting end of August, Baro, Gilo, Akobo, Makuway and Gilo rivers were over flowing and covering most kebelles of Makuway, Jikaw, Wonthoa and Jor woredas of the region. As a result, all the gazing lands were flooded and covered by water. At the time of flooding, the livestock were migrated with the people to the higher grounds. The flood caused feed shortage for livestock and because of this, livestock physical condition was deteriorated and weakened, most of them were emaciated. There was untimely birth and abortion, and death of livestock due to flood related problems. The livestock productivity/milk production was highly affected.

MARKET CONDITIONS

In general, the supply and demand of staple food commodities such as maize and sorghum were stable in most parts of the Region at the time of the assessment (November/December 2012) and there was slight to significant increases in price trend compared with the reference year (2007/2008), and that of 2011. Exception was Mezenger zone where there was a decreasing price trend of maize and major cash crop (coffee) from 2011was observed due to good production prospect in the locality and other sources. Similarly, slight o significant

45 | P a g e increases in livestock price as compared to same period of 2011 and the reference year was noted in most parts of Aynuak and Nuer zones as a result of high demand (Aynuak zone) in the surrounding woredas of Oromiya and SNNP regions.

FOOD SECURITY PROSPECTS

The food security situation in the region has no much improvement compared to 2011. The food security situation was seriously affected due to the flood hazard impact on the people`s livelihood such as livestock production; crop production and infrastructures and interruption of their normal activities during the displacement.

In 2012, the onset was normal. The amount of the rain during the season was, however, heavy and more than average. The heavy rain in the highland neighboring regions of Oromiya and SNNP and in the region in the months of July and August caused overflowing Baro, Gilo, Makuway and Akobo Rivers, which in turn caused damage on maize crop (at maturity stage), displacement of people, interruption of seasonal agricultural activities, inundation of the grazing land and shortage of livestock feed. Because of these, livestock physical condition was deteriorated and weakened, most of them were emaciated. There was untimely birth and abortion, and death of livestock due to flood related problems. The livestock productivity/milk production was highly affected. The flood hazards also damaged crops planted on 9156 hectares of land. Because of the flood, there was temporary displacement of people and livestock in most of the woredas of Nuer zone to the nearby kebelles and woreda towns (Mata, Nygnigang and Kuwatchiang). Therefore, about 44,500 people in the flood affected areas of the region are likely to require emergency assistance in 2013.

Table -9: - Emergency Beneficiaries and Food Requirement for Gambela Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total Aynuak 19,600 1,470.00 154.35 44.10 147.00 1,815.45 Nuer 18,100 1,357.50 142.54 41.73 135.75 1,676.51 Mezenger 2,800 210.00 22.05 6.30 21.00 259.35 Itang SW. 4,000 300.00 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.50 Total 44,500 3,337.50 350.44 100.13 333.75 4,121.81

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DIRE DAWA

Basic Facts Number of Zones Number of Woredas 1 Projected rural population for mid 2012 395,827 Needy population due to Acute problem for 2013 26,963 Needy population as percent of the rural population 6.81% Food requirement in Mt for emergency assistance 3,496.43

WEATHER CONDITION

In the Administration 2012 meher rainfall started after June26/2012. The rain was erratic and low in amount in the peak rainfall months of July and August. Early cessation and Dry spells were also experienced in most parts of the Administration during the season. These conditions have significantly affected crop production in some of the kebeles reducing the yeild by about 68%. As result of the poor seasonal rains, pasture and water availability has also been found to be critical to sustain livestock until the next rainy season (March –May). Water shortage for both human and livestock consumption reported to intensify in lowland kebeles.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECTS

The major crops planted during the season were Sorghum, Maize and vegetable. The land preparation and planting of long cycle crops (sorghum ) were late due to delayed on-set of belg rains ( nearly one and half months). During the season a total area of 14,189 hectares of land were covered by four crops (Sorghum, vegetable, fruit and maize). Out of the planted area 12,152 hectares and 197 hectares of land were covered with sorghum and maize respectively. The planting time of Sorghum was delayed by more than one and half months because of the late onset of 2012 belg rain.

Input supply (fertilizer and improved seeds) and distribution during the season was better than 2011, but utilization of fertilizer significantly decreased as the result of moisture stress during

47 | P a g e the season. Yet when compared to 2011 meher season utilization of fertilizer and improved seed increased by 150 quintals and 93% respectively. Despite all these efforts to increase production and productivity the estimated production in 2012 is insignificant compared to 2011 due to poor performance of both seasons (2012 belg and meher seasons). Belg2012 rain was late in onset for more than one month, inadequate in amount and erratic in distribution affecting long cycle crop development. The meher season rain was near normal in onset, but the amount was low with uneven and erratic distribution.These conditions have significantly affected the crop production in most of the kebeles reducing the total yield by about 68%.

LIVESTOCK CONDITION

During the assessment (November/December 2012) there was no critical shortage of pasture in all kebeles. The meher rains somehow improved the availability of pasture and water in the administrative council. Moreover, crop residues provided additional feed supply to livestock. Thus, the livestock physical condition was normal. However, declining water and pasture supply and milk production reported from some lowland kebeles where the season rains (2012 belg and meher) were very poor. Livestock movement in search of water have been reported from kebeles bording Somali region. This situation is anticipated to get worse if the next rainy season delays or fails (2013 belg rains). No major livestock disease outbreak other than endemic diseases was reported

MARKET CONDITION

Generally the prices of staple crops and livestock have shown increasing trend compared to previous year (2011). The average price of maize, sorghum and wheat were 836 birr, 766 birr and 920 birr and were higher to that of 2011 by10%, 26% and 9% respectively. This is attributed to poor production prospect in 2013. Likewise, the average price of oxen and shoats were 9500 birr and 885birr and were higher by 24% and 21% respectively compared to same time in 2011. The higher prices were due to the availability of favourable internal markets & higher export demand.

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FOOD SECURITY PROSPECT

In the Administration 2012 meher rainfall started after June26/2012. The rain was erratic and low in amount in the peak rainfall months of July and August. Early cessation and dry spells were also experienced in most parts of the Administration during the season. These conditions have significantly affected crop production in some of the kebeles reducing yeild by about 68%. As result of the poor seasonal rains, pasture and water availability has also been found to be critical to sustain livestock until the next rainy season (March –May). Water shortage for both human and livestock consumption reported to intensify in lowland kebeles.

Generally the prices of staple crops and livestock have shown increased trend compared to previous year.

In general, poor crop and livestock production, increased price of staple food, and low opportunity to increase income access particularly with poor and very poor households resulted in significant food consumption deficit. As a result, about 26963 people are likely to require emergency relief support in 2013.

Table -10: - Emergency Beneficiaries and Food Requirement for Dire Dawa Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total Dire Dawa 26,963 2,831.12 297.27 84.93 283.11 3,496.43 Total 26,963 2,831.12 297.27 84.93 283.11 3,496.43

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HARARI

Basic Facts Number of Zones Number of Woredas 1 Projected rural population for mid 2012 215,473 Needy population due to Acute problem for 2013 8,130 Needy population as percent of the rural population 3.77% Food requirement in Mt for emergency assistance 903.65

WEATHER CONDITIONS

Though, onset and cession of meher 2012 was on time, the rains received were inadequate in amount and erratic in distribution contributing to yield reduction in some lowland Kebeles of the region. Overall, however, the performance of the season rainfall was normal except the late onset of 2012 belg rain and low amount of rainfall during the initial stage of the meher season.

CROP PRODUCTION PROSPECTS

Though, onset and cession of meher 2012 was on time, the rains received were inadequate in amount and erratic in distribution contributing to yield reduction. Late on-set of belg (March – May Rains) rains and inadequate meher rains resulted in yield reduction (less by 35% from 2011) despite the fact that the quantity of input (fertilizer and seeds) utilized in 2012 increased by 30% as compared to 2011. In addition, an unusual occurrence of pest (Stalk borer) and weeds (Striga and Partinium) have also negatively affected crop production. Particularly, the crop damage due to drought and pests in eight lowland kebeles of the region reported to be considerable.

LIVESTOCK CONDITIONS Although the meher seasonal rains were reported inadequate/poor in some areas, availability of pasture and water was not reported to be critical at the time of the assessment (November/December 2012). Crop residues were also noted as an additional feed supply to livestock. This situation resulted in improved physical body condition of livestock though

50 | P a g e shortage of feed is expected in the coming months as the dry season progress. Milk production in the rural kebeles reported normal (nearly 2 liters per day). No major livestock disease outbreak other than endemic diseases was reported

MARKET CONDITIONS In Harar market the prices of staple crops have shown an increasing trend with a normal supply. In 2012 the price of sorghum ranged from 700-730 while that of maize ranged from 710-750. The prices of sorghum have increased by 4-10% compared to last year’s average. Similarly, the price of maize increased by 3-6% compared to previous year’s average. Livestock prices have also increasing trend in the market. Availability of demand and good prices offered reported to have increased the supply of oxen and shoats in the market. The average prices of shoats and Ox in 2011 were 760 and 6875, respectively. The price of shoats in 2012 has increased by 5-10% compared to 2011 average. The price of oxen has also increased by 10-30% from the previous year’s average.

FOOD SECURITY PROPSPECTS Late onset of belg rains, inadequate amount and erratic distribution of rains in both seasons, and an unusual occurrence of pest and weeds resulted in significant crop yield reduction. The yield reduction is estimated to be 37% compared to last year’s production. Particularly, the reduction in 8 lowland rural kebeles of the region is estimated to be more than 50%. In these kebeles, deteriorating livestock body condition affecting their productivity is expected due to less amount of feed stock (crop residue) from 2012 production. Increasing trend of grain market prices is also the other factor eroding the purchasing power of households in these rural kebeles. Consequently, the food security of households residing in these rural kebeles will be negatively affected until the next harvest. As a result, 8300 people will require emergency assistance in 2013 Table-11 - Emergency Beneficiaries and Food Requirement for Harari Region

Emergency Food Requirement (MT) Zone Beneficiaries Cereal Sup. Food Oil Pulses Total Harari 8,130 731.70 86.83 21.95 73.17 903.65 Total 8,130 731.70 86.83 21.95 73.17 903.65

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Annex – 1: NEEDY POPULATION AND FOOD REQUIREMENT BY WOREDA Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance Tigray Southern E/alaje 10,109 8 1,213.08 127.37 36.39 121.31 1,498.15 Raya Alamata 4,044 8 485.28 50.95 14.56 48.53 599.32 E/mehoni 8,528 8 1,023.36 107.45 30.70 102.34 1,263.85 Ofla 5,594 8 671.28 70.48 20.14 67.13 829.03 Raya azebo 45,196 8 5,423.52 569.47 162.71 542.35 6,698.05 Sub Total 73,471 8,816.52 925.73 264.50 881.65 10,888.40 S.Eastern D/tembien 7,076 8 849.12 89.16 25.47 84.91 1,048.66 Enderta 5,431 8 651.72 68.43 19.55 65.17 804.87 Hi/wajirat 29,377 8 3,525.24 370.15 105.76 352.52 4,353.67 S/samre 7,716 8 925.92 97.22 27.78 92.59 1,143.51 Sub Total 49,600 5,952.00 624.96 178.56 595.20 7,350.72 Eastern As/wenberta 6,739 8 808.68 84.91 24.26 80.87 998.72 Erob 6,938 8 832.56 87.42 24.98 83.26 1,028.21 Ga/afeshum 8,087 8 970.44 101.90 29.11 97.04 1,198.49 Gu/mekeda 15,065 8 1,807.80 189.82 54.23 180.78 2,232.63 Hawzen 6,739 8 808.68 84.91 24.26 80.87 998.72 S/ts/Amba 13,391 8 1,606.92 168.73 48.21 160.69 1,984.55 k/awlalo 5,391 8 646.92 67.93 19.41 64.69 798.95 Sub Total 62,350 7,482.00 785.61 224.46 748.20 9,240.27 Central Adwa 4,465 8 535.80 56.26 16.07 53.58 661.71 Ahferom 11,457 8 1,374.84 144.36 41.25 137.48 1,697.93 K/ Temben 5,728 8 687.36 72.17 20.62 68.74 848.89 L/ Maychew 2,696 8 323.52 33.97 9.71 32.35 399.55 M/ Leke 5,379 8 645.48 67.78 19.36 64.55 797.17 N/ Adet 10,109 8 1,213.08 127.37 36.39 121.31 1,498.15 T/ Maychew 10,151 8 1,218.12 127.90 36.54 121.81 1,504.38 T/Abergele 13,507 8 1,620.84 170.19 48.63 162.08 2,001.74 W/leke 7,183 8 861.96 90.51 25.86 86.20 1,064.52 Sub Total 70,675 8,481.00 890.51 254.43 848.10 10,474.04 N/ west A/ Tsimbla 3,682 8 441.84 46.39 13.26 44.18 545.67 L/ Adiyabo 4,650 8 558.00 58.59 16.74 55.80 689.13 M/ Zana 4,998 8 599.76 62.97 17.99 59.98 740.70 T/ Adiyabo 1,488 8 178.56 18.75 5.36 17.86 220.52 T/ qoraro 8,761 8 1,051.32 110.39 31.54 105.13 1,298.38 Tselemti 3,724 8 446.88 46.92 13.41 44.69 551.90 Sub Total 27,303 3,276.36 344.02 98.29 327.64 4,046.30 Tigray Total 283,399 34,007.88 3,570.83 1,020.24 3,400.79 41,999.73

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance Afar Zone One Adaar 3,400 5 255.00 26.78 7.65 25.50 314.93 Afambo 2,145 5 160.89 16.89 4.83 16.09 198.70 Asayita 5,341 5 400.55 42.06 12.02 40.05 494.67 Chifra 7,160 5 537.00 56.39 16.11 53.70 663.20 Dubti 4,501 5 337.56 35.44 10.13 33.76 416.88 Elidaar 14,369 5 1,077.68 113.16 32.33 107.77 1,330.93 Kori 2,150 5 161.25 16.93 4.84 16.13 199.14 Mille 8,850 5 663.75 69.69 19.91 66.38 819.73 Sub Total 47,916 3,593.67 377.33 107.81 359.37 4,438.18 Afar Zone Two Dalol 2,803 5 210.24 22.08 6.31 21.02 259.65 Kuneba 2,574 5 193.05 20.27 5.79 19.30 238.41 Berahala 943 5 70.76 7.43 2.12 7.08 87.38 Abaala 1,134 5 85.07 8.93 2.55 8.51 105.06 Erabti 500 5 37.50 3.94 1.12 3.75 46.31 Megala 1,384 5 103.81 10.90 3.11 10.38 128.21 Afdara 3,926 5 294.46 30.92 8.83 29.45 363.66 Bidu 7,473 5 560.45 58.85 16.81 56.04 692.15 Sub Total 20,738 1,555.33 163.31 46.66 155.53 1,920.84 Zone three Gawane 3,036 5 227.70 23.91 6.83 22.77 281.21 Bure mudaytu 3,169 5 237.71 24.96 7.13 23.77 293.57 Amibara 2,236 5 167.67 17.61 5.03 16.77 207.07 Awash fantale 439 5 32.93 3.46 0.99 3.29 40.66 Dulecha 3,264 5 244.80 25.70 7.34 24.48 302.33 Argoba 5,658 5 424.35 44.56 12.73 42.44 524.07 Sub Total 17,802 1,335.15 140.19 40.05 133.52 1,648.91 Zone Four Awura 1,954 5 146.57 15.39 4.40 14.66 181.01 Yalo 1,147 5 86.05 9.04 2.58 8.61 106.28 Gulina 2,056 5 154.22 16.19 4.63 15.42 190.46 Teru 4,998 5 374.86 39.36 11.25 37.49 462.95 Sub Total 10,156 761.70 79.98 22.85 76.17 940.70 Zone Five Dalifage 1,955 5 146.60 15.39 4.40 14.66 181.04 Dawe 2,855 5 214.13 22.48 6.42 21.41 264.44 Talalak 2,358 5 176.85 18.57 5.31 17.69 218.41 Hadele ella 2,085 5 156.38 16.42 4.69 15.64 193.12 Samu Robe 3,560 5 266.97 28.03 8.01 26.70 329.71 Sub Total 12,812 960.92 100.90 28.83 96.09 1,186.73 Afar Total 109,423 8,206.76 861.71 246.20 820.68 10,135.35

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance

Amhara N Shewa M-MamaMidir 2,200 5 165.00 17.33 4.95 16.50 203.78

Antsokia 3,186 5 238.95 25.09 7.17 23.90 295.10

Efrata Gidim 2,800 5 210.00 22.05 6.30 21.00 259.35

Gishie Rabel 4,442 5 333.15 34.98 9.99 33.32 411.44 Gera Midir 4,689 5 351.68 36.93 10.55 35.17 434.32 Kewet 3,428 5 257.10 27.00 7.71 25.71 317.52

Tarma Ber 2,400 5 180.00 18.90 5.40 18.00 222.30

Ankober 5,165 5 387.38 40.67 11.62 38.74 478.41 Amhara Sub Total 28,310 2,123.25 222.94 63.70 212.33 2,622.21

S/ Gonder Ebenat 3,050 5 228.75 24.02 6.86 22.88 282.51

Amhara Sub Total 3,050 228.75 24.02 6.86 22.88 282.51

N/Gonder Wogera 5,000 5 375.00 39.38 11.25 37.50 463.13

Tselemt 23,800 5 1,785.00 187.43 53.55 178.50 2,204.48 East Belesa 3,300 5 247.50 25.99 7.43 24.75 305.66 Amhara Sub Total 32,100 2,407.50 252.79 72.23 240.75 2,973.26 2,412 N/ Wello Gidan 5 180.90 18.99 5.43 18.09 223.41 5,000 Guba Lafto 5 375.00 39.38 11.25 37.50 463.13 4,000 Habru 5 300.00 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.50 4,330 Kobo 5 324.75 34.10 9.74 32.48 401.07 3,000 Lasta 5 225.00 23.63 6.75 22.50 277.88 5,000 Meket 5 375.00 39.38 11.25 37.50 463.13

Amhara Sub Total 23,742 1,780.65 186.97 53.42 178.07 2,199.10

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance Amhara S/Wello Delanta 3,000 5 225.00 23.63 6.75 22.50 277.88 Tenta 3,000 5 225.00 23.63 6.75 22.50 277.88 Mekdela 4,000 5 300.00 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.50 Ambassel 6,000 5 450.00 47.25 13.50 45.00 555.75 Kalu 7,624 5 571.80 60.04 17.15 57.18 706.17 Argoba 6,974 5 523.05 54.92 15.69 52.31 645.97 Worebabo 4,700 5 352.50 37.01 10.58 35.25 435.34

Sayint 3,000 5 225.00 23.63 6.75 22.50 277.88 Legambo 2,400 5 180.00 18.90 5.40 18.00 222.30

Kelala 2,662 5 199.65 20.96 5.99 19.97 246.57

Amhara Sub Total 43,360 3,252.00 341.46 97.56 325.20 4,016.22

WagHemra Abergele 2,000 5 150.00 15.75 4.50 15.00 185.25 Dehana 3,828 5 287.10 30.15 8.61 28.71 354.57 Gazgibla 3,940 5 295.50 31.03 8.87 29.55 364.94 Sehala 4,728 5 354.60 37.23 10.64 35.46 437.93 Sekota 7,735 5 580.13 60.91 17.40 58.01 716.45 Ziquala 4,815 5 361.13 37.92 10.83 36.11 445.99

Amhara Sub Total 27,046 2,028.45 212.99 60.85 202.85 2,505.14

Oromia Artuma Fursi 2,000 5 150.00 15.75 4.50 15.00 185.25

Dewa Harewa 3,000 5 225.00 23.63 6.75 22.50 277.88 Bati 5,000 5 375.00 39.38 11.25 37.50 463.13

Sub Total 10,000 750.00 78.75 22.50 75.00 926.25

Amhara Total 167,608 12,570.60 1,319.91 377.12 1,257.06 15,524.69

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance 2,113 Oromiya Bale Agarfa 5 158.48 16.64 4.75 15.85 195.72 Gasera 3,169 5 237.68 24.96 7.13 23.77 293.53 3,697 Berbere 5 277.28 29.11 8.32 27.73 342.43 4,700 Delo Mena 5 352.50 37.01 10.58 35.25 435.34 3,641 D/Kachen 5 273.08 28.67 8.19 27.31 337.25 3,794 Ginir 5 284.55 29.88 8.54 28.46 351.42 3,641 Gololcha 5 273.08 28.67 8.19 27.31 337.25 3,798 Goro 5 284.85 29.91 8.55 28.49 351.79 4,226 G/Dhamole 5 316.95 33.28 9.51 31.70 391.43 4,539 H/Buluk 5 340.43 35.74 10.21 34.04 420.42 6,339 Lega Hidha 5 475.43 49.92 14.26 47.54 587.15 5,000 M/Welabu 5 375.00 39.38 11.25 37.50 463.13 4,170 Sewena 5 312.75 32.84 9.38 31.28 386.25 Oromiya Sub Total 52,827 3,962.03 416.01 118.86 396.20 4,893.10 Borena Abaya 4,000 5 300.00 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.50 Arero 5,000 5 374.97 39.37 11.25 37.50 463.09 B/Hora 6,000 5 450.00 47.25 13.50 45.00 555.75 Dhas 4,000 5 300.03 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.54 Dillo 5,000 5 375.00 39.38 11.25 37.50 463.13 Dire 15,000 5 1,125.02 118.13 33.75 112.50 1,389.39 D/Dawa 5,000 5 375.03 39.38 11.25 37.50 463.17 Gelana 4,000 5 300.00 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.50 M/Soda 5,000 5 374.99 39.37 11.25 37.50 463.11 Mio 15,000 5 1,125.00 118.13 33.75 112.50 1,389.38 Moyale 12,000 5 900.00 94.50 27.00 90.00 1,111.50 Teltele 5,000 5 374.99 39.37 11.25 37.50 463.11 Yabelo 4,000 5 299.98 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.48

Oromiya Sub Total 89,000 6,675.01 700.88 200.25 667.50 8,243.63

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance

Babile Oromiya E/Hararghe 7,834 5 587.55 61.69 17.63 58.76 725.62

Bedeno 14,748 5 1,106.10 116.14 33.18 110.61 1,366.03

Deder 18,248 5 1,368.60 143.70 41.06 136.86 1,690.22

Fedis 3,720 5 279.00 29.30 8.37 27.90 344.57

Girawa 12,532 5 939.90 98.69 28.20 93.99 1,160.78

Golo Oda 13,226 5 991.95 104.15 29.76 99.20 1,225.06

Goro Gutu 14,527 5 1,089.53 114.40 32.69 108.95 1,345.56

Gursum 10,114 5 758.55 79.65 22.76 75.86 936.81

Haro Maya 1,216 5 91.20 9.58 2.74 9.12 112.63

Jarso 10,843 5 813.23 85.39 24.40 81.32 1,004.33

Kersa 9,688 5 726.60 76.29 21.80 72.66 897.35

Kombolcha 6,379 5 478.43 50.23 14.35 47.84 590.85

Kurfa Jele 19,157 5 1,436.78 150.86 43.10 143.68 1,774.42

Melka Balo 24,431 5 1,832.33 192.39 54.97 183.23 2,262.92

Meta 21,307 5 1,598.03 167.79 47.94 159.80 1,973.56

Meyu 3,906 5 292.95 30.76 8.79 29.30 361.79

Midega 14,180 5 1,063.50 111.67 31.91 106.35 1,313.42

Kumbi 12,722 5 954.15 100.19 28.62 95.42 1,178.38

Chinaksen 15,878 5 1,190.85 125.04 35.73 119.09 1,470.70 Oromiya Sub Total 234,656 17,599.20 1,847.92 527.98 1,759.92 21,735.01

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance Oromiya W/Hararghe Anchar 13,498 5 1,012.35 106.30 30.37 101.24 1,250.25 Boke 8,702 5 652.65 68.53 19.58 65.27 806.02 Chiro 14,625 5 1,096.88 115.17 32.91 109.69 1,354.64

Darolebu 19,960 5 1,497.00 157.19 44.91 149.70 1,848.80

Doba 22,438 5 1,682.85 176.70 50.49 168.29 2,078.32

Goba Koricha 12,300 5 922.50 96.86 27.68 92.25 1,139.29

Habro 17,318 5 1,298.85 136.38 38.97 129.89 1,604.08 Kuni(Oda 17,347 Bultum) 5 1,301.03 136.61 39.03 130.10 1,606.77

Mesela 16,936 5 1,270.20 133.37 38.11 127.02 1,568.70

Mieso 7,807 5 585.53 61.48 17.57 58.55 723.12

Tulo 20,082 5 1,506.15 158.15 45.18 150.62 1,860.10

Gemechis 17,011 5 1,275.83 133.96 38.27 127.58 1,575.64

Hawi Gudina 10,257 5 769.28 80.77 23.08 76.93 950.05

Burka Dhintu 19,127 5 1,434.53 150.63 43.04 143.45 1,771.64

Oromiya Sub Total 217,408 16,305.60 1,712.09 489.17 1,630.56 20,137.42 A/Negele 22,581 W/Arsi 5 1,693.58 177.83 50.81 169.36 2,091.57 Shala 22,581 5 1,693.58 177.83 50.81 169.36 2,091.57 Shashamane 17,370 5 1,302.75 136.79 39.08 130.28 1,608.90 Siraro 24,318 5 1,823.85 191.50 54.72 182.39 2,252.45 Dodola 3,150 5 236.25 24.81 7.09 23.63 291.77 Oromiya Sub Total 90,000 6,750.00 708.75 202.50 675.00 8,336.25

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance

Z/Dugda Oromiya Arsi 30,000 5 2,250.00 236.25 67.50 225.00 2,778.75

Gololcha 16,677 5 1,250.78 131.33 37.52 125.08 1,544.71

Amigna 6,220 5 466.50 48.98 14.00 46.65 576.13

Bele Gesgar 3,450 5 258.75 27.17 7.76 25.88 319.56

Seru 3,235 5 242.63 25.48 7.28 24.26 299.64

Robe 5,820 5 436.50 45.83 13.10 43.65 539.08

Oromiya Sub Total 71,367 5,352.53 562.02 160.58 535.25 6,610.37

Kimbibet 3,918 North Shewa 5 293.85 30.85 8.82 29.39 362.90

Jida 2,971 5 222.83 23.40 6.68 22.28 275.19

Kuyu 1,665 5 124.88 13.11 3.75 12.49 154.22

Abichu gena 2,555 5 191.63 20.12 5.75 19.16 236.66

Wuchale 1,839 5 137.93 14.48 4.14 13.79 170.34

H/Abote 305 5 22.88 2.40 0.69 2.29 28.25 W/Jarso 2,218 5 166.35 17.47 4.99 16.64 205.44

D/Libanos 3,086 5 231.45 24.30 6.94 23.15 285.84

G/Jarso 3,635 5 272.63 28.63 8.18 27.26 336.69

Degam 1,690 5 126.75 13.31 3.80 12.68 156.54 Dera 4,574 5 343.05 36.02 10.29 34.31 423.67

Y/Gulale 1,999 5 149.93 15.74 4.50 14.99 185.16

Alelitu 2,067 5 155.03 16.28 4.65 15.50 191.46

Oromiya Sub Total 32,522 1,664.40 174.76 49.93 166.44 2,055.53

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance Diga 3,375 Oromiya E/ Wellega 5 253.13 26.58 7.59 25.31 312.61 Sasiga 3,153 5 236.48 24.83 7.09 23.65 292.05 Kiramu 402 5 30.15 3.17 0.90 3.02 37.24 Gida Ayana 1,410 5 105.75 11.10 3.17 10.58 130.60 Oromiya Sub Total 8,340 519.75 54.57 15.59 51.98 641.89 5,143 Chora na Boter Jimma 5 385.73 40.50 11.57 38.57 476.37 3,440 Kersa 5 258.00 27.09 7.74 25.80 318.63

Oromiya Sub Total 8,583 643.73 67.59 19.31 64.37 795.00 Kelem Dale Sedi 397 Wellega 29.78 3.13 0.89 2.98 36.77 29.78 Gawa Kebe 2,844 213.30 22.40 6.40 21.33 263.43 213.30 Hwaw Gelean 6,309 Oromiya 5 473.18 49.68 14.20 47.32 584.37 Sub Total 9,972 747.90 78.53 22.44 74.79 923.66

Meta Robi 5,500 West Shewa 5 412.50 43.31 12.38 41.25 509.44 Abuna 4,500 Gindeberet 5 337.50 35.44 10.13 33.75 416.81

Gindeberet 5,000 5 375.00 39.38 11.25 37.50 463.13

Jeldu 4,938 5 370.35 38.89 11.11 37.04 457.38

Ilfata 3,500 5 262.50 27.56 7.88 26.25 324.19

Adaberga 4,000 5 300.00 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.50

Oromiya Sub Total 27,438 2,057.85 216.07 61.74 205.79 2,541.44 J/Jarte 4,303 Horo Gudru 5 322.73 33.89 9.68 32.27 398.57 Oromiya Total 846,416 62,600.71 6,573.07 1,878.02 6,260.07 77,311.87

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance

SNNPR Guraghe Sodo Zuria 17230 5 1,292.25 135.69 38.77 129.23 1,595.93

Sub Total 17,230 1,292.25 135.69 38.77 129.23 1,595.93

SNNPR Total 17,230 1,292.25 135.69 38.77 129.23 1,595.93

Dire Dawa Dire Dawa Dire Dawa 26,963 7 2,831.12 297.27 84.93 283.11 3,496.43

Harari Harari Harari 8,130 6 731.70 76.83 21.95 73.17 903.65

Somali 53,219 Somila (Shinile) Dembel 5 3,991.43 419.10 119.74 399.14 4,929.41 24,570 Siti Hadhgala 5 1,842.75 193.49 55.28 184.28 2,275.80

Sub Total 77,789 5,834.18 612.59 175.03 583.42 7,205.21 116,968 (Jijiga) Awbare 5 8,772.60 921.12 263.18 877.26 10,834.16 71,693 Fafen Jigjiga 5 5,376.98 564.58 161.31 537.70 6,640.56 25,916 Tuluguleed 5 1,943.70 204.09 58.31 194.37 2,400.47

Sub Total 214,577 16,093.28 1,689.79 482.80 1,609.33 19,875.19 54,474 (Gode) Danan 5 4,085.55 428.98 122.57 408.56 5,045.65 15,014 Shebele Ferfer 5 1,126.05 118.24 33.78 112.61 1,390.67

Somila (Gode) Gode 22,021 5 1,651.58 173.42 49.55 165.16 2,039.70

Shebele Elwayne 19,695 5 1,477.13 155.10 44.31 147.71 1,824.25

Bee Canena 20,925 5 1,569.38 164.78 47.08 156.94 1,938.18

Somila Sub Total 132,129 9,909.68 1,040.52 297.29 990.97 12,238.45

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance

Somila Afder Barey 30,779 5 2,308.43 242.38 69.25 230.84 2,850.90

Dolobay 9,478 5 710.85 74.64 21.33 71.09 877.90

Kersadula 6,028 5 452.10 47.47 13.56 45.21 558.34

Rasso 22,550 5 1,691.25 177.58 50.74 169.13 2,088.69

Somila Sub Total 68,835 5,162.63 542.08 154.88 516.26 6,375.84

Liben Dolo Ado 5,643 5 423.23 44.44 12.70 42.32 522.68

Filtu 26,976 5 2,023.20 212.44 60.70 202.32 2,498.65

Moyale 3,017 5 226.28 23.76 6.79 22.63 279.45

Dheka Suftu 21,488 5 1,611.60 169.22 48.35 161.16 1,990.33

Mubaeik 21,157 5 1,586.78 166.61 47.60 158.68 1,959.67

Somila Sub Total 78,281 5,871.08 616.46 176.13 587.11 7,250.78

(Fiq) Dihun 14,435 5 1,082.63 113.68 32.48 108.26 1,337.04

Nogob Gerbo 10,758 5 806.85 84.72 24.21 80.69 996.46

Hamero 31,139 5 2,335.43 245.22 70.06 233.54 2,884.25

Segeg 8,279 5 620.93 65.20 18.63 62.09 766.84 19,397 Salahad 5 1,454.78 152.75 43.64 145.48 1,796.65 9,115 Somila (Fiq) Lagahida 5 683.63 71.78 20.51 68.36 844.28 4,636 Nogob Mayumuluka 5 347.70 36.51 10.43 34.77 429.41 22,140 Qobi 5 1,660.50 174.35 49.82 166.05 2,050.72 17,150 Goljano 5 1,286.25 135.06 38.59 128.63 1,588.52 Somila Sub Total 137,049 4,845.83 508.81 145.37 484.58 5,984.59

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance 39,572 (Dagahbur) Gunagado 5 2,967.90 311.63 89.04 296.79 3,665.36

Jarar Yacale 18,184 5 1,363.80 143.20 40.91 136.38 1,684.29

Araarso 22,550 5 1,691.25 177.58 50.74 169.13 2,088.69

Biqod 23,490 5 1,761.75 184.98 52.85 176.18 2,175.76

Daror 20,910 5 1,568.25 164.67 47.05 156.83 1,936.79

Somila Sub Total 124,706 9,352.95 982.06 280.59 935.30 11,550.89

(Warder) Galadi 30,327 5 2,274.53 238.83 68.24 227.45 2,809.04

Dolo Warder 16,503 5 1,237.73 129.96 37.13 123.77 1,528.59

Daroatoole 17,224 5 1,291.80 135.64 38.75 129.18 1,595.37

Sub Total 64,054 4,804.05 504.43 144.12 480.41 5,933.00

Korehe Kebridahar 10,853 5 813.98 85.47 24.42 81.40 1,005.26

Sheygosh 18,273 5 1,370.48 143.90 41.11 137.05 1,692.54

Shilabo 15,821 5 1,186.58 124.59 35.60 118.66 1,465.42

Marsin 21,434 5 1,607.55 168.79 48.23 160.76 1,985.32

Somila Sub Total 66,381 4,978.58 522.75 149.36 497.86 6,148.54

Somalia Total 963,801 66,852.23 7,019.48 2,005.57 6,685.22 82,562.50

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Duration of Region Zone Woreda Beneficiaries Cereal S.Food Oil Pulses Total (MT) Assistance Aynuak Dimma Gambela 2,000 5 150.00 15.75 4.50 15.00 185.25 Gambella 2,700 5 202.50 21.26 6.08 20.25 250.09 Abobo 1,800 5 135.00 14.18 4.05 13.50 166.73 Gog 3,100 5 232.50 24.41 6.98 23.25 287.14 Jor 4,000 5 300.00 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.50 Wantuwa(IDPs 6,000 5 450.00 47.25 13.50 45.00 555.75 Sub-Total 19,600 1,470.00 154.35 44.10 147.00 1,815.45 Lare Nuer 4,500 5 337.50 35.44 10.13 33.75 416.81 Jikawo 4,500 5 337.50 35.44 10.13 33.75 416.81 Wonthoa 5,100 5 382.50 40.16 11.48 38.25 472.39 Makuey 4,000 5 300.00 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.50 Wonthoa(IDPs Gambela Nuer 6,000 5 450.00 47.25 13.50 45.00 555.75 ` Sub-Total 24,100 1,808 190 54 181 2,232 Mengeshi Mezenger 1,500 5 112.50 11.81 3.38 11.25 138.94 Godere 1,300 5 97.50 10.24 2.93 9.75 120.41 Sub-Total 2,800 210.00 22.05 6.30 21.00 259.35

Itang SW Itang SW 4,000 5 300.00 31.50 9.00 30.00 370.50 Gambela Total 44,500 3,337.50 350.44 100.13 333.75 4,121.81

B/Gumuz Assosa Assosa 2,944 5 220.80 23.18 6.62 22.08 272.69 Bambsi 8,124 5 609.30 63.98 18.28 60.93 752.49 Kurmuk 8,462 5 634.65 66.64 19.04 63.47 783.79 Sub-Total 19,530 1,464.75 153.80 43.94 146.48 1,808.97 Metekel Guba 242 5 18.15 1.91 0.54 1.82 22.42 Moa kom 1,105 spe.woreda 5 82.88 8.70 2.49 8.29 102.35 20,877 1,565.78 164.41 46.97 156.58 1,933.73 B/Gumuz Total

Grand Total 2,488,348 193,996.51 20,369.63 5,819.90 19,399.65 239,585.69

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