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Migration Flows in Latin America and the Caribbean

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Migration Flows in Latin America and the Caribbean please acknowledge receipt of Oilivier’s edit in Migration flows in Latin America and the Caribbean Situation Report No. 4 . ©UNICEF/2018/Inae Brandao/Brazil. Rondon II Boa Vista Roraima, Brazil, little awaitsgirla to be weighed shelter, and measured as part survey of the Unicef/Adra nutritional SITUATION IN NUMBERS Highlights 8 Nov - 8 Dec 2018 • UNICEF estimates that as of November 2018, more than 470,000 children are in need of assistance in Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana and Panama, including Venezuelan 3 million No. of Venezuelans living abroad, including: children migrating or in transit, non-Venezuelans returning to their countries of origin and children living in particularly vulnerable host communities. 2.4 million • The Government of Colombia created a new body, the Inter-Institutional No. of Venezuelans in countries within Latin America and the Caribbean Unit for International Cooperation, composed of the Presidency, the (Source: IOM/UNHCR, Nov 2018) Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Agency for Cooperation – as the new interlocutor for the coordination with humanitarian actors. • Dissemination of key messages and engaging the migrant community 470,000 continues to be the main focus of C4D interventions. UNICEF has carried Approx. No. of children in need of assistance out campaigns against xenophobia, which include valuable information as a consequence of the crisis in Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago, about how xenophobia translates into the denial of children´s rights Guyana and Panama. everyday life. (Preliminary estimations at transit/receiving country • UNICEF´s educational interventions in La Guajira department, level.) Colombia, have permitted 3,420 girls, boys and adolescents to access alternative learning spaces and to benefit from the distribution of school educational kits. UNICEF Appeal 2018 • A regional workshop was held in Lima, Peru, facilitated by the UNICEF US$ 28,050,000 Regional Office, on the minimum standards for child protection in humanitarian action, with the participation of UNICEF staff and counterparts in the region, including from countries involved in the crisis response. • In Ecuador, the delivery of nutritional supplements to prevent acute malnutrition, in the northern border posts of Rumichaca and San Miguel, have reached around 1,500 children under 4 years old. • Through the Child-Friendly Spaces (CFSs) established in Boa Vista and Pacaraima, Brazil, an average of 565 children are being reached per week, with participation in CFSs activities including psychosocial support, socialization, play and recreation. • In Trinidad and Tobago, the first Child Friendly Space was opened to support children´s access to socialization, learning and play. • UNICEF is supporting a safe household water treatment and storage *’Funds received to date’ includes emergency funds received intervention to avoid contamination in 12 indigenous communities in for the current revised appeal. Guyana. Through this intervention 1,500 households (8,300 people) have had drinking water tested. Situation Overview & Needs Map 1: UNICEF Country Offices with active response to the increased migration flows in LAC (November 2018) As of late 2018, UNICEF estimates that over 470,000 children in Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana and Panama are in need of assistance as a consequence of the crisis. Those in need include Venezuelan migrants and refugees, host communities and non-Venezuelans returnees. While Colombia maintained the same level of population influx, Peru registered an increase in the flow of migrants through the border control site in Tumbes, with around 2,000 people crossing per day, particularly children with one parent, possibly the result of family reunifications, something which is expected to significantly increase flows of migration during this period of the year. As of 12 November, Peru´s Migration Office reports that 128,642 Venezuelans have received the temporary resident permit while another 221,237 Venezuelan migrants are in the process and pending its reception. Public services continue to face higher demand in all seven destination countries, and levels of insecurity have risen in volatile regions of border departments, including attacks, mine accidents, recruitment of children and displacement. There is a worrying deterioration of conditions of vulnerability of people, whether in transit, border areas or in the destinations, who are facing serious issues of food security, nutrition, water, shelter, health and insecurity. On November 22 and 23, the second International Meeting of Quito was held. Twelve (12) countries participated, as well as the Joint Special Representative of UNHCR and IOM for Venezuelan migrants and refugees in the region, Eduardo Stein. The meeting concluded with the This map is stylized and not to scale. It does not reflect a position by UNICEF on the legal status of any country or area or the delimitation of any borders. signing of the Action Plan on Human Mobility of Venezuelan Citizens in the Region, which includes three areas: deepening the mechanisms of Venezuelan migration in the region; international financial cooperation and articulation with organisms of the international system that have relation and competence with migration and refuge issues. UNICEF is committed to supporting governments, and partners in addressing the gaps for children on the move. On 4 December, OCHA launched the Global Humanitarian Needs Overview (GHO) 2019,1 including a chapter on the Venezuela Outflow - Regional Refugee and Migrant Response Plan (RMRP). Estimated Population in Need of Assistance (2018) (Preliminary calculation based on estimations made for Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana and Panama)2 Date of UNICEF’s Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Office (LAC RO) revised appeal: May 2018 Trinidad and Colombia Peru Ecuador Brazil Guyana Panama TOTAL Tobago Total Population in 1,189,186 524,100 100,000 41,755 40,000 12,000 8,000 1,915,041 Need No. of Children in need 356,756 63,419 30,000 12,527 4,000 4,800 2,000 473,502 (Under 18) 1 Global Humanitarian Needs Overview 2019 <https://www.unocha.org/global-humanitarian-overview-2019> 2 People in need figures are adjusted to align with interagency estimations once available. Colombia: Humanitarian Country Team (HCT), OCHA. Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) Addendum – Migration influx from Venezuela, Colombia, April 2018, <https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/colombia/document/colombia-adenda-hrp-2018-plan-de-respuesta-flujos-migratorios-mixtos>. Figures include Venezuelan migrants, Colombian returnees, host communities and a projection of the number of migrants throughout the remainder of 2018. Number of children in need estimated by UNICEF. Brazil: Estimated by UNICEF Brazil, considering that the total population of Venezuelans remaining in Brazil – according to reports for Federal Police, as of December 2017 - had unfulfilled needs in at least one sector. Guyana: Estimates based on IOM/ UNHCR Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), as of May 2018. Includes Venezuelans and Guyanese returning from Venezuela who have settled in Guyana and require assistance. Figures are currently being revised based on findings of recent field missions. Trinidad and Tobago: Based on UNHCR estimations considering all persons of concern, including 2,243 Venezuelans registered with UNHCR, May 2018. Includes Venezuelans in irregular migratory situation. Ecuador: Estimated by the UNCT, considering that around 20 per cent of migrants entering Ecuador (approx. 553,000 as of July 2018) are in situations of vulnerability. Number of children in need estimated by UNICEF. Peru: “Population in need” calculated by determining the number of Venezuelan migrants that have at least one basic unmet need, primarily a lack of access to basic health care. The figure represents 85 per cent of the total Venezuelan migrant population that has settled in Peru. “Children in need” represents Venezuelan migrant children in Peru aged 6 to 17 years that have at least one unmet basic need, primarily a lack of access to basic health care. Children aged 0 to 5 years are excluded from this figure as they do not face restrictions in accessing health care. Panama: Estimated by UNICEF, considering the annual number of people crossing the Darién frontier plus others in need. UNICEF is working to improve this and other statistics. 2 Regional Response Strategy UNICEF’s strategy for responding to the needs of migrant populations and host communities in receiving countries rests in three pillars: Rights of Migrant and Refugee Children: Advocate to ensure that the rights and protection of migrant and refugee children and their families (including civil and political rights) are at the core of the actions by national and regional stakeholders, including national authorities, civil society organizations and humanitarian actors. Humanitarian Action: Ensure access to services for affected populations (with special focus to children) and host communities related to: child protections services, inclusive education, holistic health and nutrition services, safe water, sanitation and hygiene. Response actions must be in fulfillment of humanitarian principles and the framework of international protection applicable to migrant children and their families. Development and social policy: Promote inclusion and integration through ensuring access, quality and suitability of social services for
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