Francesca Di Foix

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GAETANO DONIZETTI FRANCESCA DI FOIX Melodramma serio in un atto Prima rappresentazione: Napoli, Teatro San Carlo, 30 V 1831 L'opera fu composta tra Gianni di Parigi e, La romanziera e l'uomo nero, su un libretto già musicato da Henri-Montan Berton (Francoise de Foix, Parigi 1809), collocandosi nel gruppo di lavori successivi al trionfo di Anna Bolena e precedenti L'elisir d'amore. Intitolata in un primo tempo Il paggio e l'anello, come si deduce dal manoscritto napoletano, comprende otto numeri separati da recitativi accompagnati piuttosto lunghi (forse l'aria del duca fu ripresa da altro contesto) e si caratterizza per l'insolita tipologia vocale maschile, da porre in relazione all'argomento trattato; al protagonista "buffo" si affianca il baritono, che ha una sola aria collocata nell'introduzione, ed il tenore, il quale, per quanto drammaturgicamente marginale, ha un'aria monostrofica ed interviene nel duetto. La partitura prevede anche il ruolo del "musichetto" affidato al paggio (la sua aria "È una giovane straniera" ha reminiscenze di canzone napoletana). Oggi l'opera viene ricordata soprattutto per aver fornito materiali a successivi lavori di Donizetti: Ugo conte di Parigi, L' elisir d'amore e Gabriella di Vergy (nella versione del 1838). 107 LA TRAMA La vicenda racconta della piccola congiura che il re di Francia, il duca ed il paggio ordiscono ai danni del conte, marito gelosissimo. Egli tiene rinchiusa nel castello la bella moglie per sottrarla alle avances dei cortigiani e, mentendo, la descrive a tutti come brutta e malata, per non mostrarla mai in pubblico. I congiurati, con un abile stratagemma, riescono a condurre Francesca a corte, sotto mentite spoglie. Qui il conte la riconosce immediatamente ma, non volendo ammettere le proprie menzogne, fingere indifferenza; quando però il re offre la mano della contessa al vincitore del torneo, il geloso marito non può più tacere: confessa le proprie colpe e subisce un sermone sull'insensatezza della gelosia da parte degli astanti. 108 .

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