DOCSLIB.ORG

Annotated Key to the Fishes of Indiana

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Annotated Key to the Fishes of Indiana IF ANNOTATED KEY TO THE FISHES OF INDIANA Joseph S. Nelson and Shelby D. Gerking Department of Zoology, Indiana University, Bloomington Indiana Aquatic Research Unit Project Number 342-303-815 March, 1968 INN MN UM OM MI NMI 11111111 MI IIIIII NMI OM MS ill MI NM NM NM OM it Draft Copy ANNOTATED KEY TO THE FISHES OF INDIANA Joseph S. Nelson and Shelby D. Gerking Introduction This annotated key provides a means of identifying fishes presently occurring or known to have occurred in Indiana and gives a rough indication of their range and distribution within the state. Recent changes in nomenclature, additional diagnostic characters, and distributional changes are combined with information from the detailed analyses of Indiana fishes by Gerking (1945, 1955). Geography The state of Indiana covers 36,291 square miles. It extends 265 miles 1 in a north-south direction between the extremes of 41046t and 37°46 N latitude and 160 miles in an east-west direction between the extremes of 84°47' and 88°061 W longitude. Its northern border includes the southern tip of Lake Michigan and extends along part of the southern border of Michigan state. Ohio lies along most of the eastern border, the Ohio River, with Kentucky to the south,comprises the southern border, while Illinois lies along the western border. Approximately the northern sixth of Indiana lies in the Lake Michigan- Lake Erie watershed; the remainder is in the Mississippi drainage, composed primarily of the Wabash and Ohio rivers and their tributaries (Fig. 1). The elevation of the state is highest in the east central portion with the highest ° 1 point at 1257 feet in the northeastern corner of Wayne County, 40 00 N; 84°51' W. The lowest area is 335 feet elevation in the southwestern tip of the state near the junction of the Ohio and Wabash rivers (Posey County). Flat or slightly rolling land typifies the central and northern sections of 2 I v.% 1 1 .708E9" Lagran ge Steuben La . porte I 4- I I I St. josaph, :Porter, •?..? . LA 1 De al b ; I Lake I I 1 I 1 I I I , Marshall , , Noble i 50 it I „ o 4- 1 Kosc, sko 1--, -1____, _J_ s ' ' i KR 1 , Starke-- 1 rj I 'ke Ety - .1 Whit le I ref■ r P up as k 'Newton! Jasper I Fulton -1 lien : oe' ! -1-1 t , 1 1-----14 ' 1 "? ' M unt tie r - i I ,---, a I Casa " 1.6 Wab o. I C „ • __,I - ,ty 1 ■- ' dams, K !White 0ert_CREF I Benton a,, 0 - Black 9 Eq !ford A 6,.. 11-----4.1,114o_ward nt 4- 1 Warren e‘,F-1 Jay Lc c le Irip p e_ c no eTIIClinton i' Ti p ton % .. mo.nt :e.. l ' cl' ' . j ,,,, . 'fl y „ I De laware' 1 . ______1, Rand° ph. ntain! sz F 1 • I c** r 1 .." oae 1 0,Q. e Boone 1 -larni 1 I I-- - ---i -14' - --., We , .ver- ' i-- r W ne 611;0 rke L- ° I 1 areock rc, tlendricksi -- 1 •., Q- I Pu arion Vto ''.4 Ai Ilion: -, 9, I jettes -#9 .,,e. 4- y I u 14- 4:- rICIol i Marge 'John- 7, e. : • , ""..,•.]t. N elb O _4* 4 - I I II/ 4: 5 P — t• 41. 1 c,,4 ••• 9 .k•IA'''''': 4 Vi go . ,--I ' I i 1 1 ° ...i••• • ... r 1 (< • r . • P Monroe' /3)7°'''; 'Bar lorne / ,1 I' a •,•• I --." , Sullivan. -" , G,ee e! . Li - -.:- -I_ , .1 A, • I I ,1------lifJacLc.ks P i pl I t i • 1 --4., '.7 - —1 'I Wi4/7-E•• .‘:1111 hi;°: .; •,, 9.111 ujce:rrr-:5. en‘i 5 :;d i mu." 0 .,:e f:erso , Daviese,ci. Law Ler_c_s .• • „ Knot • , Scott 51 1 Washingeop E IA Orange I Clark P R r L --: ,,-• 1p. 1 m 1 Floyd_ Gi b s on: , Pi k a , ubois 'Crawford I-1 rr is on Perry g- 2t4Adey, Pose Spencer 0 1.4 Fig. 1. Counties and principal streams of Indiana. Lakes and reservoirs: are omitted. The limits of Wisconsin glaciation are denoted by dashes and the limits of Kansan and Illinoian glaciation are denoted by dots. 3 the state, while hilly country is common in the south. The meanmonthly winter temperature is 31° F and the mean monthly summer temperature is 76° F. Annual precipitation varies from 36 inches near Lake Michigan to 45 inches along the Ohio River. Northern Indiana is richly endowed with lakes created by glaciers. About 234 square miles of Lake Michigan lie within the Indiana border. Lake Wawasee in Kosciusko County, with an area of 2618 acres: is the largest natural body of water completely within Indiana. The deepest lake is Tippecanoe, also in Kosciusko Countyj with a maximum depth of 123 feet. Crooked Lake in Whitley County and Clear Lake in Steuben County also have depths exceeding 100 feet. The northern lakes are highly variable in their physical-chemical conditions. Aquatic vegetation is usually abundant. The northern lakes remain frozen for a maximum of about 3i months. No natural lakesj except oxbows, exist in central and southern Indiana, but streams are numerous. The wabash River drains water from about tme-thirds of Indiana and has an average flow of about 26,500 cubic feet per second in its lower reaches. Many reservoirs and thousands of farm ponds have been created throughout the state. The largest body of water wholly within Indiana is Monroe Reservoir, which covers some 10,700 acres, in Monroe and Brown counties. Caves and sinkholes are common in southern Indiana. Glaciation The last glaciation: called the Wisconsin, covered twci-thirds of Indiana at its greatest extent about 21,000 years ago. This glacier left Indiana about 16,000 years ago. The maximum extent of Pleistocene glaciation (Kansan and . Illinoian) moved much further south, leaving a-,wedge-shaped tnglaciated area from southern Morgan County southwestward. to Posey County and southeastward to 4 Clarke County (Fig. 1). Stream changes and other effects of glaciation have affected the present distribution of fish. Since the retreat of the Wisconsin glaciation, various routes of invasion have been followed by the species into areas previously unavailable to them. Perhaps all fishes native to Indiana have been derived from a Mississippian refugium. There is no evidence that any species moved into the state from the Yukon Valley or Atlantic coastal refugia. Northward movements probably occurred from the ';'rabash drainage into Lake Erie by way of the Maumee River, from the Kankakee drainage into the St. Joseph drainage, and from the Illinois drainage into Lake Michigan through the Chicago outlet. A former connection between the Tippecanoe and Kankakee and Iroquois rivers was also probably used by some species. The Fishes The Indiana freshwater fish fauna is diverse, with 179 species and 28 families (Table I). Some of the species were last collected over 70 years ago and may be extinct. According to the classification of Berg (1940), 13 taxo- nomic orders occur in Indiana compared with 57 orders with living representa- tives throughout the world. The cooler glaciated north, with many lakes and drainage into the Great Lakes, has a fauna which is different from that in the warmer unglaciated south, which has no natural lakes and a drainage into the Mississippi River. About )10 Indiana species are absent from the entire Great Lakes watershed. However, no native species occurring in the Great Lakes drainage of Indiana is absent from all parts of the Mississippi drainage. No species is restricted in distribution to the state. The species composition is similar to surrounding areas (Table I). The fauna includes cave fish, derivatives of marine species, and so-called living fossils. Some of the families have probably originated in Asia, and others in North America. S TABLE Total number of species in adjacent areas to Indiana. "T" denotes total number; "II" denotes the number of species in each area - which are also in Indiana. eat 4es . 1 Gr La 3 5 Illinois drainage Ohio Kentucky14 Indiana 56,400. , g7,770 44,803 40,395 36,291 sq. mi. sq. mi. sq. mi. 'sq. mi. sq. mi. Family T II T II T II T II T Petromyzortidae 6 6 5 5 7 6 7 6 7 Acipenserida6 3 2 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 Polyodontidae 1 1 1 ' 1 1 1 1 1 1 Lepisosteidae 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 /4 14 Amiidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Clupeidae 5 4 3 2 3 3 4 14 5 Salmonidae 4 4 23 6 6 6 3 3 6 Osmeridae 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 Hiodontidae 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 Umbridae 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 Esocidae 3 3 it 3 4 3 14 3 3 Cnbitidae 0 0 .,_ 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprinidae 53 44 51 41 44 42 48 40 49 Catostomidae 18 18 20 19 21 21 19 18 21 Ictaluridae 13 11 12 8 12 11 14 11 12 Anguillidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Gad idae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Amblyopsidae 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 2 CYprirodontidae 4 3 3 3 2 2 4 3 4 Poeciliidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Percopsidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Aphredoderidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Atherinidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 Serranidae 2 2 3 2 2 1 3 2 2 Centrarchidae 17 15 12 12 13 13 17 14 15 Percidae 28 26 19 19 25 23 38 27 30 Sciaenidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Cottidae 5 2 4 1 2 1 2 2 2 Gasterosteidae ,2 2 3 2 1 1 0 0 2 - Total 181 159 179 139 161 152 185 152 179 1From Smith (1965).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Indiana Species April 2007
    Fishes of Indiana April 2007 The Wildlife Diversity Section (WDS) is responsible for the conservation and management of over 750 species of nongame and endangered wildlife. The list of Indiana's species was compiled by WDS biologists based on accepted taxonomic standards. The list will be periodically reviewed and updated. References used for scientific names are included at the bottom of this list. ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES COMMON NAME STATUS* CLASS CEPHALASPIDOMORPHI Petromyzontiformes Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey lampreys Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Ichthyomyzon fossor northern brook lamprey SE Ichthyomyzon unicuspis silver lamprey Lampetra aepyptera least brook lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Petromyzon marinus sea lamprey X CLASS ACTINOPTERYGII Acipenseriformes Acipenseridae Acipenser fulvescens lake sturgeon SE sturgeons Scaphirhynchus platorynchus shovelnose sturgeon Polyodontidae Polyodon spathula paddlefish paddlefishes Lepisosteiformes Lepisosteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar gars Lepisosteus osseus longnose gar Lepisosteus platostomus shortnose gar Amiiformes Amiidae Amia calva bowfin bowfins Hiodonotiformes Hiodontidae Hiodon alosoides goldeye mooneyes Hiodon tergisus mooneye Anguilliformes Anguillidae Anguilla rostrata American eel freshwater eels Clupeiformes Clupeidae Alosa chrysochloris skipjack herring herrings Alosa pseudoharengus alewife X Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Campostoma anomalum central stoneroller
    [Show full text]
  • BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATION Cooperstown, New York
    BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATION Cooperstown, New York 49th ANNUAL REPORT 2016 STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK COLLEGE AT ONEONTA OCCASIONAL PAPERS PUBLISHED BY THE BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATION No. 1. The diet and feeding habits of the terrestrial stage of the common newt, Notophthalmus viridescens (Raf.). M.C. MacNamara, April 1976 No. 2. The relationship of age, growth and food habits to the relative success of the whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) and the cisco (C. artedi) in Otsego Lake, New York. A.J. Newell, April 1976. No. 3. A basic limnology of Otsego Lake (Summary of research 1968-75). W. N. Harman and L. P. Sohacki, June 1976. No. 4. An ecology of the Unionidae of Otsego Lake with special references to the immature stages. G. P. Weir, November 1977. No. 5. A history and description of the Biological Field Station (1966-1977). W. N. Harman, November 1977. No. 6. The distribution and ecology of the aquatic molluscan fauna of the Black River drainage basin in northern New York. D. E Buckley, April 1977. No. 7. The fishes of Otsego Lake. R. C. MacWatters, May 1980. No. 8. The ecology of the aquatic macrophytes of Rat Cove, Otsego Lake, N.Y. F. A Vertucci, W. N. Harman and J. H. Peverly, December 1981. No. 9. Pictorial keys to the aquatic mollusks of the upper Susquehanna. W. N. Harman, April 1982. No. 10. The dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata: Anisoptera and Zygoptera) of Otsego County, New York with illustrated keys to the genera and species. L.S. House III, September 1982. No. 11. Some aspects of predator recognition and anti-predator behavior in the Black-capped chickadee (Parus atricapillus).
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Sensitivity Index Guidelines Version 2.0
    NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS ORCA 115 Environmental Sensitivity Index Guidelines Version 2.0 October 1997 Seattle, Washington noaa NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION National Ocean Service Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment National Ocean Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce The Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment (ORCA) provides decisionmakers comprehensive, scientific information on characteristics of the oceans, coastal areas, and estuaries of the United States of America. The information ranges from strategic, national assessments of coastal and estuarine environmental quality to real-time information for navigation or hazardous materials spill response. Through its National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program, ORCA uses uniform techniques to monitor toxic chemical contamination of bottom-feeding fish, mussels and oysters, and sediments at about 300 locations throughout the United States. A related NS&T Program of directed research examines the relationships between contaminant exposure and indicators of biological responses in fish and shellfish. Through the Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division (HAZMAT) Scientific Support Coordination program, ORCA provides critical scientific support for planning and responding to spills of oil or hazardous materials into coastal environments. Technical guidance includes spill trajectory predictions, chemical hazard analyses, and assessments of the sensitivity of marine and estuarine environments to spills. To fulfill the responsibilities of the Secretary of Commerce as a trustee for living marine resources, HAZMAT’s Coastal Resource Coordination program provides technical support to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency during all phases of the remedial process to protect the environment and restore natural resources at hundreds of waste sites each year.
    [Show full text]
  • Information on the NCWRC's Scientific Council of Fishes Rare
    A Summary of the 2010 Reevaluation of Status Listings for Jeopardized Freshwater Fishes in North Carolina Submitted by Bryn H. Tracy North Carolina Division of Water Resources North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Raleigh, NC On behalf of the NCWRC’s Scientific Council of Fishes November 01, 2014 Bigeye Jumprock, Scartomyzon (Moxostoma) ariommum, State Threatened Photograph by Noel Burkhead and Robert Jenkins, courtesy of the Virginia Division of Game and Inland Fisheries and the Southeastern Fishes Council (http://www.sefishescouncil.org/). Table of Contents Page Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 3 2010 Reevaluation of Status Listings for Jeopardized Freshwater Fishes In North Carolina ........... 4 Summaries from the 2010 Reevaluation of Status Listings for Jeopardized Freshwater Fishes in North Carolina .......................................................................................................................... 12 Recent Activities of NCWRC’s Scientific Council of Fishes .................................................. 13 North Carolina’s Imperiled Fish Fauna, Part I, Ohio Lamprey .............................................. 14 North Carolina’s Imperiled Fish Fauna, Part II, “Atlantic” Highfin Carpsucker ...................... 17 North Carolina’s Imperiled Fish Fauna, Part III, Tennessee Darter ...................................... 20 North Carolina’s Imperiled Fish Fauna, Part
    [Show full text]
  • Endangered Species
    FEATURE: ENDANGERED SPECIES Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes ABSTRACT: This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society’s Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133 genera and 36 families, a 92% increase over the 364 listed in 1989. The increase reflects the addition of distinct populations, previously non-imperiled fishes, and recently described or discovered taxa. Approximately 39% of described fish species of the continent are imperiled. There are 230 vulnerable, 190 threatened, and 280 endangered extant taxa, and 61 taxa presumed extinct or extirpated from nature. Of those that were imperiled in 1989, most (89%) are the same or worse in conservation status; only 6% have improved in status, and 5% were delisted for various reasons. Habitat degradation and nonindigenous species are the main threats to at-risk fishes, many of which are restricted to small ranges. Documenting the diversity and status of rare fishes is a critical step in identifying and implementing appropriate actions necessary for their protection and management. Howard L. Jelks, Frank McCormick, Stephen J. Walsh, Joseph S. Nelson, Noel M. Burkhead, Steven P. Platania, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, Brady A. Porter, Edmundo Díaz-Pardo, Claude B. Renaud, Dean A. Hendrickson, Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto, John Lyons, Eric B. Taylor, and Nicholas E. Mandrak, Melvin L. Warren, Jr. Jelks, Walsh, and Burkhead are research McCormick is a biologist with the biologists with the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • ECOLOGY of NORTH AMERICAN FRESHWATER FISHES
    ECOLOGY of NORTH AMERICAN FRESHWATER FISHES Tables STEPHEN T. ROSS University of California Press Berkeley Los Angeles London © 2013 by The Regents of the University of California ISBN 978-0-520-24945-5 uucp-ross-book-color.indbcp-ross-book-color.indb 1 44/5/13/5/13 88:34:34 AAMM uucp-ross-book-color.indbcp-ross-book-color.indb 2 44/5/13/5/13 88:34:34 AAMM TABLE 1.1 Families Composing 95% of North American Freshwater Fish Species Ranked by the Number of Native Species Number Cumulative Family of species percent Cyprinidae 297 28 Percidae 186 45 Catostomidae 71 51 Poeciliidae 69 58 Ictaluridae 46 62 Goodeidae 45 66 Atherinopsidae 39 70 Salmonidae 38 74 Cyprinodontidae 35 77 Fundulidae 34 80 Centrarchidae 31 83 Cottidae 30 86 Petromyzontidae 21 88 Cichlidae 16 89 Clupeidae 10 90 Eleotridae 10 91 Acipenseridae 8 92 Osmeridae 6 92 Elassomatidae 6 93 Gobiidae 6 93 Amblyopsidae 6 94 Pimelodidae 6 94 Gasterosteidae 5 95 source: Compiled primarily from Mayden (1992), Nelson et al. (2004), and Miller and Norris (2005). uucp-ross-book-color.indbcp-ross-book-color.indb 3 44/5/13/5/13 88:34:34 AAMM TABLE 3.1 Biogeographic Relationships of Species from a Sample of Fishes from the Ouachita River, Arkansas, at the Confl uence with the Little Missouri River (Ross, pers. observ.) Origin/ Pre- Pleistocene Taxa distribution Source Highland Stoneroller, Campostoma spadiceum 2 Mayden 1987a; Blum et al. 2008; Cashner et al. 2010 Blacktail Shiner, Cyprinella venusta 3 Mayden 1987a Steelcolor Shiner, Cyprinella whipplei 1 Mayden 1987a Redfi n Shiner, Lythrurus umbratilis 4 Mayden 1987a Bigeye Shiner, Notropis boops 1 Wiley and Mayden 1985; Mayden 1987a Bullhead Minnow, Pimephales vigilax 4 Mayden 1987a Mountain Madtom, Noturus eleutherus 2a Mayden 1985, 1987a Creole Darter, Etheostoma collettei 2a Mayden 1985 Orangebelly Darter, Etheostoma radiosum 2a Page 1983; Mayden 1985, 1987a Speckled Darter, Etheostoma stigmaeum 3 Page 1983; Simon 1997 Redspot Darter, Etheostoma artesiae 3 Mayden 1985; Piller et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Aquatic Fish Report
    Aquatic Fish Report Acipenser fulvescens Lake St urgeon Class: Actinopterygii Order: Acipenseriformes Family: Acipenseridae Priority Score: 27 out of 100 Population Trend: Unknown Gobal Rank: G3G4 — Vulnerable (uncertain rank) State Rank: S2 — Imperiled in Arkansas Distribution Occurrence Records Ecoregions where the species occurs: Ozark Highlands Boston Mountains Ouachita Mountains Arkansas Valley South Central Plains Mississippi Alluvial Plain Mississippi Valley Loess Plains Acipenser fulvescens Lake Sturgeon 362 Aquatic Fish Report Ecobasins Mississippi River Alluvial Plain - Arkansas River Mississippi River Alluvial Plain - St. Francis River Mississippi River Alluvial Plain - White River Mississippi River Alluvial Plain (Lake Chicot) - Mississippi River Habitats Weight Natural Littoral: - Large Suitable Natural Pool: - Medium - Large Optimal Natural Shoal: - Medium - Large Obligate Problems Faced Threat: Biological alteration Source: Commercial harvest Threat: Biological alteration Source: Exotic species Threat: Biological alteration Source: Incidental take Threat: Habitat destruction Source: Channel alteration Threat: Hydrological alteration Source: Dam Data Gaps/Research Needs Continue to track incidental catches. Conservation Actions Importance Category Restore fish passage in dammed rivers. High Habitat Restoration/Improvement Restrict commercial harvest (Mississippi River High Population Management closed to harvest). Monitoring Strategies Monitor population distribution and abundance in large river faunal surveys in cooperation
    [Show full text]
  • Lamprey, Hagfish
    Agnatha - Lamprey, Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Super Class: Agnatha Hagfish Agnatha are jawless fish. Lampreys and hagfish are in this class. Members of the agnatha class are probably the earliest vertebrates. Scientists have found fossils of agnathan species from the late Cambrian Period that occurred 500 million years ago. Members of this class of fish don't have paired fins or a stomach. Adults and larvae have a notochord. A notochord is a flexible rod-like cord of cells that provides the main support for the body of an organism during its embryonic stage. A notochord is found in all chordates. Most agnathans have a skeleton made of cartilage and seven or more paired gill pockets. They have a light sensitive pineal eye. A pineal eye is a third eye in front of the pineal gland. Fertilization of eggs takes place outside the body. The lamprey looks like an eel, but it has a jawless sucking mouth that it attaches to a fish. It is a parasite and sucks tissue and fluids out of the fish it is attached to. The lamprey's mouth has a ring of cartilage that supports it and rows of horny teeth that it uses to latch on to a fish. Lampreys are found in temperate rivers and coastal seas and can range in size from 5 to 40 inches. Lampreys begin their lives as freshwater larvae. In the larval stage, lamprey usually are found on muddy river and lake bottoms where they filter feed on microorganisms. The larval stage can last as long as seven years! At the end of the larval state, the lamprey changes into an eel- like creature that swims and usually attaches itself to a fish.
    [Show full text]
  • A Fish Habitat Partnership
    A Fish Habitat Partnership Strategic Plan for Fish Habitat Conservation in Midwest Glacial Lakes Engbretson Underwater Photography September 30, 2009 This page intentionally left blank. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 I. BACKGROUND 7 II. VALUES OF GLACIAL LAKES 8 III. OVERVIEW OF IMPACTS TO GLACIAL LAKES 9 IV. AN ECOREGIONAL APPROACH 14 V. MULTIPLE INTERESTS WITH COMMON GOALS 23 VI. INVASIVES SPECIES, CLIMATE CHANGE 23 VII. CHALLENGES 25 VIII. INTERIM OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS 26 IX. INTERIM PRIORITY WATERSHEDS 29 LITERATURE CITED 30 APPENDICES I Steering Committee, Contributing Partners and Working Groups 33 II Fish Habitat Conservation Strategies Grouped By Themes 34 III Species of Greatest Conservation Need By Level III Ecoregions 36 Contact Information: Pat Rivers, Midwest Glacial Lakes Project Manager 1601 Minnesota Drive Brainerd, MN 56401 Telephone 218-327-4306 [email protected] www.midwestglaciallakes.org 3 Executive Summary OUR MISSION The mission of the Midwest Glacial Lakes Partnership is to work together to protect, rehabilitate, and enhance sustainable fish habitats in glacial lakes of the Midwest for the use and enjoyment of current and future generations. Glacial lakes (lakes formed by glacial activity) are a common feature on the midwestern landscape. From small, productive potholes to the large windswept walleye “factories”, glacial lakes are an integral part of the communities within which they are found and taken collectively are a resource of national importance. Despite this value, lakes are commonly treated more as a commodity rather than a natural resource susceptible to degradation. Often viewed apart from the landscape within which they occupy, human activities on land—and in water—have compromised many of these systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Criteria Used in IUCN Assessment Overestimate Area of Occupancy for Freshwater Taxa
    Spatial Criteria Used in IUCN Assessment Overestimate Area of Occupancy for Freshwater Taxa By Jun Cheng A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto © Copyright Jun Cheng 2013 Spatial Criteria Used in IUCN Assessment Overestimate Area of Occupancy for Freshwater Taxa Jun Cheng Masters of Science Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto 2013 Abstract Area of Occupancy (AO) is a frequently used indicator to assess and inform designation of conservation status to wildlife species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The applicability of the current grid-based AO measurement on freshwater organisms has been questioned due to the restricted dimensionality of freshwater habitats. I investigated the extent to which AO influenced conservation status for freshwater taxa at a national level in Canada. I then used distribution data of 20 imperiled freshwater fish species of southwestern Ontario to (1) demonstrate biases produced by grid-based AO and (2) develop a biologically relevant AO index. My results showed grid-based AOs were sensitive to spatial scale, grid cell positioning, and number of records, and were subject to inconsistent decision making. Use of the biologically relevant AO changed conservation status for four freshwater fish species and may have important implications on the subsequent conservation practices. ii Acknowledgments I would like to thank many people who have supported and helped me with the production of this Master’s thesis. First is to my supervisor, Dr. Donald Jackson, who was the person that inspired me to study aquatic ecology and conservation biology in the first place, despite my background in environmental toxicology.
    [Show full text]
  • Species of Greatest Conservation Need
    APPENDIX A. VIRGINIA SPECIES OF GREATEST CONSERVATION NEED Taxa Common Scientific Name Tier Cons. Opp. Habitat Descriptive Habitat Notes Name Ranking Amphibians Barking Hyla gratiosa II a Forest Forests near or within The Virginia Fish and Wildlife Information System indicates treefrog shallow wetlands the loss suitable wetlands constitute the greatest threats to this species. DGIF recommends working to maintain or restore forested buffers surrounding occupied wetlands. These needs are consistent with action plan priorities to conserve and restore wetland habitats and associated buffers. Recently discovered populations within its known range, may indicate this species is more abundant than previously believed. An in-depth investigation into its status may warrant delisting. This species will be prioritized as Tier 2a. Amphibians Blue Ridge Desmognathus IV c Forest High elevation seeps, This species' distribution is very limited. Other than limiting dusky orestes streams, wet rock faces, logging activity in the occupied areas, no conservation salamander and riparian forests actions have been identified. Unless other threats or actions are identified, this species will be listed as Tier 4c. Amphibians Blue Ridge Eurycea III a Wetland Mountain streams and The needs of this species are consistent with priorities for two-lined wilderae adjacent riparian areas maintaining and enhancing riparian forests and aquatic salamander with mixed hardwood or habitats. This species will be listed as Tier 3a. spruce-fir forests up to 6000 feet. Amphibians Carpenter Lithobates III a Wetland Freshwater wetlands with The needs of this species are consistent with action plan frog virgatipes sphagnum moss priorities to preserve and restore aquatic and wetland habitats and water quality.
    [Show full text]
  • 5Th Indo-Pacific Fish Conference
    )tn Judo - Pacifi~ Fish Conference oun a - e II denia ( vernb ~ 3 - t 1997 A ST ACTS Organized by Under the aegis of L'Institut français Société de recherche scientifique Française pour le développement d'Ichtyologie en coopération ' FI Fish Conference Nouméa - New Caledonia November 3 - 8 th, 1997 ABSTRACTS LATE ARRIVAL ZOOLOGICAL CATALOG OF AUSTRALIAN FISHES HOESE D.F., PAXTON J. & G. ALLEN Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia Currently over 4000 species of fishes are known from Australia. An analysis ofdistribution patterns of 3800 species is presented. Over 20% of the species are endemic to Australia, with endemic species occuiring primarily in southern Australia. There is also a small component of the fauna which is found only in the southwestern Pacific (New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and New Zealand). The majority of the other species are widely distributed in the western Pacific Ocean. AGE AND GROWTH OF TROPICAL TUNAS FROM THE WESTERN CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN, AS INDICATED BY DAILY GROWm INCREMENTS AND TAGGING DATA. LEROY B. South Pacific Commission, Nouméa, New Caledonia The Oceanic Fisheries Programme of the South Pacific Commission is currently pursuing a research project on age and growth of two tropical tuna species, yellowfm tuna (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus). The daily periodicity of microincrements forrned with the sagittal otoliths of these two spceies has been validated by oxytetracycline marking in previous studies. These validation studies have come from fishes within three regions of the Pacific (eastem, central and western tropical Pacific). Otolith microincrements are counted along transverse section with a light microscope.
    [Show full text]