Wheatbelt Highway Safety Review
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WHEATBELT HIGHWAY SAFETY REVIEW SUMMARY REPORT DECEMBER 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Highway safety reviews have been used extensively in New South Wales and Queensland and have successfully reduced the incidence and severity of crashes where the outcomes of reviews have been implemented. The focus of the inaugural Western Australian (WA) Highway Safety Review is the Wheatbelt Region of WA - a region that has been overrepresented in road trauma statistics for an extended period. It is expected that the Wheatbelt Highway Safety Review (WHSR) will result in improved road trauma outcomes for the region and build greater commitment to implementation of treatments aligned with the safe system approach. It is likely that in future the process will be extended to encompass other State routes and regions and may also be utilised by local governments on local routes. The WHSR commenced in March 2015 and included a cross agency working group with representatives from the Road Safety Commission, Main Roads WA, WA Police, the WA Local Government Association and the office of the Minister for Road Safety. As part of the WHSR, Main Roads WA have been able to trial the application of a methodology which enables safe system principles to be applied to the State road network to enhance its overall safety performance. Using this approach and on the basis of high serious crash densities, State routes within the Wheatbelt region were prioritised and selected for inclusion. Hence Wheatbelt sections of Great Eastern Highway, the Great Southern Highway (between Chidlow and York) and Toodyay Road were selected to be part of the WHSR. The WHSR has included desktop analyses, on-site technical assessments and extensive community and stakeholder engagement, notably use of an interactive online mapping tool to record community input and two highly focused community forums held in Merredin and Toodyay. Broadly the key road safety issues raised at the two community forums included: drink and drug driving; driver fatigue; driver error, attitude and skills; inattention; overtaking; road conditions; speeding / speed zoning; vehicle differences; increased traffic volumes and lack of a police enforcement presence on the roads. Road safety engineering issues identified via the online interactive mapping tool and as part of the technical analysis included a focus on overtaking lanes, intersections, turning lanes, road alignment, road pavement and width, clear zones and embankments, signage, delineation and line markings, road surfaces, speed zones, vehicle mix, lighting and vulnerable road users. Further road user behavioural issues reported, beyond those raised at the community forums, included illegal crossing of double white lines and tail gaiting by drivers, dangerous driver behaviour adjacent to railway crossings, fog, glare and interactions with kangaroos. An initial WHSR response is presented in this report. This will, if funded, take place in two phases and includes infrastructural / engineering solutions to be led by Main Roads WA to improve safety outcomes immediately, as well as education and promotion initiatives to be led by the Road Safety Commission with WA Police and WALGA designed to engage local communities in creating sustainable road safety behavioural change. The involvement and enthusiasm of members of the Wheatbelt community in assisting and contributing to the WHSR is acknowledged and valued. 1 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 1 1. HIGHWAY SAFETY REVIEWS ........................................................................... 3 2. ROAD SAFETY AND THE WHEATBELT REGION ............................................ 4 3. THE SAFE SYSTEM APPROACH ...................................................................... 7 3.1 Applying Safe System Principles to WA State Roads .............................................. 8 3.2 Prioritising the Routes ............................................................................................. 9 4. THE REGION AND THE ROUTES .................................................................... 10 4.1 Regional context ................................................................................................... 10 4.2 Populations ........................................................................................................... 10 4.3 Wheatbelt Road Network ...................................................................................... 10 5. THE REVIEW PROCESS .................................................................................. 14 5.1 Working Group Terms of Reference ..................................................................... 14 5.2 Crash Data for the Prioritised Routes .................................................................... 15 5.3 Technical analysis................................................................................................. 23 5.4 Community and stakeholder engagement ............................................................. 23 6. KEY ROAD SAFETY ISSUES........................................................................... 33 6.1 Road safety engineering issues ............................................................................ 33 6.2 Road user behaviour issues .................................................................................. 50 7. RECOMMENDED ACTIONS TO ADDRESS AREAS OF CONCERN .............. 52 7.1 Outcomes and Targets for the three routes ........................................................... 52 7.2 Recommended Infrastructure, subject to funding .................................................. 54 7.3 Community Education and Engagement ............................................................... 55 8. REFERENCES .................................................................................................. 56 9. APPENDIX ........................................................................................................ 57 2 1. HIGHWAY SAFETY REVIEWS Highway safety or route reviews involve a holistic review of road safety issues on long lengths of highway and are used to identify and target countermeasures. The approach is multi-disciplinary and engages those within road safety, engineering, road user behaviour and asset management areas. There is also involvement of police enforcement representatives and members of the community. On-site inspections and community engagement methods including community workshops provide valuable local context and input to reviews. Highway route reviews have successfully reduced the incidence and severity of crashes where the outcomes of reviews have been implemented. They have been used extensively in New South Wales and Queensland on the Pacific Highway, Princes Highway, Bruce Highway and others. Additionally, roads programs with a strong focus on raising the standards of high risk rural routes have been implemented in Victoria through theSafe System Road Infrastructure Program, New Zealand, as described in the High Risk Rural Road Guide and Sweden via the Swedish Transport Administration (Corben 2014). The review process is designed to immediately respond to existing levels of road trauma on identified routes in a region. The focus of the inaugural Western Australian (WA) Highway Safety Review is the Wheatbelt Region of WA,a region that has been over-represented in road trauma statistics for an extended period. The process seeks to reduce road trauma through the identification of specific route related road safety problems which are then targeted for effective road safety engineering measures complemented by behavioural and enforcement programs. The focus is on identifying and treating travel routes with the greatest number of serious casualties per kilometre rather than attempting to treat every local road. This maximises the potential for saving lives and serious injuries particularly in the shorter term. Previously high risk road segments along routes in the Wheatbelt region have been identified for attention, although it is recognised that a more targeted and collaborative approach to funding these is required. It is expected that the Wheatbelt Highway Safety Review will result in improved road trauma outcomes for the region and build greater commitment to implementation of treatments aligned with the safe system approach (see Section 3). It is likely that in future the process will be extended to encompass other State routes and regions and may also be utilised by local governments on local routes. 3 2. ROAD SAFETY AND THE WHEATBELT REGION Overall in 2014, WA reported 183 road deaths and 1,716 serious injuries. When compared to a three year baseline period (2005-2007) prior to the commencement of the current State road safety strategy Towards Zero, this represents an 8% reduction in the number of fatalities and a 40% reduction in the number of deaths and serious injuries combined, i.e. serious casualties or KSI. Despite this, the 2014 WA fatality rate of 7.2 deaths per 100,000 people, remains well above the 2014 Australian fatality rate of4.9 deaths per 100,000. In 2014, rural and regional areas of WA accounted for 60% of the State road deaths and 37% of KSI. Relative to baseline, increases have been seen in rural and regional deaths (3%) and KSI (6%), which is a reverse of the State trend. Of all peopled killed and seriously injured on regional roads in 2014, 57% were in run off road crashes, representing a 7% reduction since baseline, 20% were