DOCSLIB.ORG

Report of the National Parks Committee (England and Wales)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Report of the National Parks Committee (England and Wales) 303 MINISTRY OF TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING REPORT OF THE NATIONAL PARKS COMMITTEE (ENGLAND AND WALES) Presented the Mbits ter of Town and Country Planning to Parliament by Command of His Majesty July 1947 LONDON HIS MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE P m C E 4J. 6^. NET Cmd, 7121 House of Commons Parliamentary Papers Online. Copyright (c) 2006 ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. u LIST OF MEMBERS Sir ARTHUR HOBHOUSE (Chairman). Lieut.-Colonel E. N. BUXTON, M.C. I Lord CHORLEY of KENDAL. Mr. JOHN DOWER, A.R.I.B.A., M.T.P.I. Mr. LEONARD K. ELMHIRST. Sir WILLIAM GAVIN, C.B.E. Mr. R. B. GRAHAM. Mrs. GERALD HAYTHORNTHWAITE,, M.B.E. Dr. J. S. HUXLEY, F.R:.S. Mr. CLOUGH WILLIAMS-ELLIS, M.C., F.R.I.B.A., M.T.P.I. Mr. J. B. BOWERS (Secretary). The estimated cost of the preparation of this Report [including the cost of surveys] is £2,084-7-6 of which £640-7-6 represents the estimated cost of printing and publishing. House of Commons Parliamentary Papers Online. Copyright (c) 2006 ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. • * • 111 Contents [Paragraph numb&rs are given in brackets after each heading) Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION Appointment and Terms of Reference (i), Meetings and Surveys (2)^ Evidence Received (3), Acknowledgements (4-5), The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee (6-7), The Footpaths and Access Special Comniittee (8-9), The Scope of this Report (10) ... i II. THE HISTORY AND PURPOSE OF NATIONAL PARKS National Parks in Other Countries (11-17), The Nature and Purpose of National Parks in Other Countries (18-21), The Movement in England and Wales (22-25), The Movement in Scotland (26-27), The Nature and Purpose of National Parks for England and Wales (28-32) 3 HI. SELECTION AND DELIMITATION The Number of National Parks (33-34), Factors in Selecxion (35), The Areas Recommended (36), Comments on Selection.(37-39), Boundaries (40-42), Factors in Boundary-Making (43), Conser- vation Areas (44), Maps (45) 9 IV. THE CENTRAL ORGANISATION The National Parks Commission (46-47), Constitution (48); / ■ Staff (49”5^) *** *'** *** *** *** *** •*.' ... ^3 V. THE LOCAL ORGANISATION Functions (57), General Definition of Planning (-58-67), The Meaning of Management (68-69), Main Requirements for the Local Organisation (70-75), The Park Committee (76-79), Planning Functions of the Park Committee (80-81), Manage- ment Functions of the Park Committee (82), The Local Staff of the Commission (83-89), Relations between the Central and Local Organisation (96) 15 VI. PLANNING PART I. GENERAL PLANNING REQUIREMENTS. The Commission and the Central Planning Authority (91), General Exemptions from Planning Control (92), Reference of Certain Cases to the Minister (93), Compensation Payable under the New Bill (94)-, The Correlation of Planning within and outside National Parks (95-98), The Objectives of Planning in National Parks (99) 21 PART 2. CLASSES OF DEVELOPERS (IOO). Private Persons and Bodies (101-102), Statutory Undertakers (103^108), Local Authorities (109-111), Public Corporations (112), Government Departments (113-116) 24 PART 3. VARIOUS FORMS OF. DEVELQPMEN:T AND LAND USE. Building (117-119), Agriculture .(120-126), Forestry (127-132)., ■ Mineral Working (i33-137), Water Catchment (138-142), Electricity Distribution (143-145), Telegraph and Telephone Lines (146-148), Radar and Radio Installations (449-150), Military Training and Service Uses (i 51-154), Aviation (i55“^5^)» Railways (159-160), Roads (161—167), Camping and Caravanning (168-172), Outdoor Advertising (173-176), Ancient Monuments and Historic Buildings (177-178) 28 ' 56426 ^ 2 House of Commons Parliamentary Papers Online. Copyright (c) 2006 ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. IV Chapter Page VII. MANAGEMENT The Scope of Management'(179), Acquisition of Land by the Com- mission (180), Land Offered in Lieu of Death Duties (181), Management of Land Held by the Commission (i82-ti83). Conveyance of Land to the National Trust (184), Forestry Land (185), Agreements with Owners (186), Various Functions of Management (187), Removal or Mitigation of Disfigurements (188), Litter (189), The Prevention of Damage (190), Woodland Management and Tree Planting (191), Road Works (192), Holiday- Accommodation (193-202), National Park Centres (203), Sport • and Recreation (2C4-209), Walldng (210), Rock Climbing (211), Motoring (212), Cycling (213), Canoeing and Boating (214-215), Saihng (216), Riding (217), Fishing (218), The Study of Natural History (219), Entrance Fees and Qther Charges (220),. The Making and Enforcement of Regulations (221-224), Powers Required by the Commission (225-226) .... “ f,.* ••• 39 VIII. CONSERVATION AREAS Definition and Purpose (227-228), Selection (229-233), Designation (234), Planning Organisation (235-240), Advice of the National Parks Commission (241-242), Special Planning Protection (243-246), Compensation under the New Bill (247), The Pro- motion of Open-Air Enjoyment (248-250), Agricultural and Forest Areas (251-254), Nature Conservation (255-256), Finance (257”~^5^) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5^ IX. THE COAST National Parks and Conservation Areas on the Coast (259-260), The Special Problems of the Coast (261-264), Coastal Planning Advisory Committee (265) ... ... ... 57 • X. NATURE CONSERVATION The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee (266-267), General Recommendations (268-272), Nature Conservation in National Parks (273-274), Protection of Wild Life in National Parks (275-277), Information to the Public (278), Nature Reserves in National Parks (279-283), Conservation Areas (284-288) ... 59 XI. ACCESS AND FOOTPATHS The Footpaths and Access Special Committee (289), Rambhng Auccess (290-294), Footpaths and Bridleways (295-299), Long- distance Paths (300) 64 XII. FINANCIAL PROVISION Main Heads of Expenditure (301-302), Staff (303), Other Adminis- trative Costs (304), Building and Housing (305-306), Acquisition of Land (307), Removal of Disfigurement (308-310), Holiday Accommodation (311), The National Land Fund and Capital Expenditure (312-313), Special Compensation (314), Footpaths and Access (315), Recreational Provisions (316), Conservation Areas (317), Summary (318-321) 67 CONCLUSION ... •«• 73 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS 74 I APPENDIX A.—APPRECIATIONS OF PROPOSED NATIONAL PARKS. I. The Lake District. 2. North Wales. 3. The Peak District. 4. Dartmoor. 5. The Yorkshire Dales. 6. The Pembrokeshire Coast. 7. Exmoor. 8. The South Downs. 9. The Roman Wall. 10. The North York Moors, ii. Brecon Beacons and Black Mountains. 12. The Broads 84 House of Commons Parliamentary Papers Online. Copyright (c) 2006 ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. V Page APPENDIX B.—^EVIDENCE RECEIVED 119 APPENDIX C.—^PROPOSED CONSERVATION AREAS 121 APPENDIX D.—^DISTAIJCES BETWEEN PROPOSED NATIONAL PARKS AND LARGER CENTRES OF POPULATION 123 APPENDIX E.—AREAS OF COUNTIES AND COUNTY BOROUGHS FALLING WITHIN PROPOSED NATIONAL PARKS 125 l^H^ ••• ••• •«* ••• ••• «•« ••• ••• 126 MAPS PROPOSED NATIONAL PARKS.—i. The Lake District. 2. North Wales. 3. The Peak District. 4. Dartmoor. 5. The Yorkshire Dales. 6. The Pembrokeshire Coast. 7. Exmoor. 8. The South Downs. 9. The Roman Wall. 10. The North York Moors. ii. Brecon Beacons and Black Mountains. 12. The Broads. ENGLAND AND WALES SHOWING NATIONAL PARKS AND CONSERVATION AREAS (in pocket). 56426 A3 House of Commons Parliamentary Papers Online. Copyright (c) 2006 ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. House of Commons Parliamentary Papers Online. Copyright (c) 2006 ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. 309 Report of the National Parks Committee (England and Wales) I. Introduction APP.OINTMENT AND TERMS OF REFERENCE To the Right Honourable LEWIS SILKIN, M.P., Minister of Town and Country Planning. Sir, ' ■ I. We were appointed in July 1945, with the following terms of reference: — {a) To consider the proposals in the Report on National Parks in England and Wales (Cmd. 6628) of May .1945, as to the areas which should be selected as National Parks; and to make recommendations in regard to the special requirements and appropriate boundaries of those areas which, in the view of the Committee, should be first selected. (&) To consider and report on the proposals made in that Report as . to the. naeasures necessary to secure the objects of National Parks,, and on any additional measures which in the view of tide Committee are necessary to secure those objects; and (c) To consider and make recommendations on such other matters affecting the establishment of National Parks and the Conservation of Wild Life as may be referred by the Minister to the Committee.. MEETINGS AND SURVEYS 2.. We have held in all So meetings of ouf Committee; in addition, members, working in teams of three or more, have made 17 survey tours of areas-under consideration as National Parks, occupying 85 days. EVIDENCE RECEIVED 3. We have received written or oral evidence from 60 bodies or persons interested in pur field of enquiry. A list of these is set out in Appendix B. The evidence submitted to us has been so extensive that we have hot thought it practicable to include it in this Report, even in summarised form. It has, however, been very carefully considered, and has provided much relevant information which has been of the greatest value to us in our enquiry. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4. We wish to express our gratitude to all those who have put their know- ledge and experience at our disposal through the medium of written and oral evidence, and also to the many persons who have given us the benefit of their local knowledge on our surveys. In particular we are greatly indebted to those Local Planning Officers who contributed to our researches into the problems and requirements of their areas. We also wish to thank the officers of the Ministry of Town and Country Planning who have given us valuable advice, and the staff of the (Maps Section for their sJkill and promptness in carrying out an extensive programme of -mapping. 5. We cannot express too warmly our high appreciation of -the work of our Secretary, Mr.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • PEMBROKESHIRE © Lonelyplanetpublications Biggest Megalithicmonumentinwales
    © Lonely Planet Publications 162 lonelyplanet.com PEMBROKESHIRE COAST NATIONAL PARK •• Information 163 porpoises and whales are frequently spotted PEMBROKESHIRE COAST in coastal waters. Pembrokeshire The park is also a focus for activities, from NATIONAL PARK hiking and bird-watching to high-adrenaline sports such as surfing, coasteering, sea kayak- The Pembrokeshire Coast National Park (Parc ing and rock climbing. Cenedlaethol Arfordir Sir Benfro), established in 1952, takes in almost the entire coast of INFORMATION Like a little corner of California transplanted to Wales, Pembrokeshire is where the west Pembrokeshire and its offshore islands, as There are three national park visitor centres – meets the sea in a welter of surf and golden sand, a scenic extravaganza of spectacular sea well as the moorland hills of Mynydd Preseli in Tenby, St David’s and Newport – and a cliffs, seal-haunted islands and beautiful beaches. in the north. Its many attractions include a dozen tourist offices scattered across Pembro- scenic coastline of rugged cliffs with fantas- keshire. Pick up a copy of Coast to Coast (on- Among the top-three sunniest places in the UK, this wave-lashed western promontory is tically folded rock formations interspersed line at www.visitpembrokeshirecoast.com), one of the most popular holiday destinations in the country. Traditional bucket-and-spade with some of the best beaches in Wales, and the park’s free annual newspaper, which has seaside resorts like Tenby and Broad Haven alternate with picturesque harbour villages a profusion of wildlife – Pembrokeshire’s lots of information on park attractions, a cal- sea cliffs and islands support huge breeding endar of events and details of park-organised such as Solva and Porthgain, interspersed with long stretches of remote, roadless coastline populations of sea birds, while seals, dolphins, activities, including guided walks, themed frequented only by walkers and wildlife.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter Additional Learning Needs and Inclusion
    Newsletter Additional Learning Needs and Inclusion FOR THE ATTENTION OF: HEADTEACHERS AND ALN&I CO-ORDINATORS Welcome to the Easter Edition (2017) of the ALN&I Co-ordinators Newsletter. A key objective of the ALN&I Review is improving Communication. It is therefore intended that this newsletter provides you with an up-date of any changes that occur in this field in Gwynedd & Anglesey or nationally. yh ADYaCh d I. 1. General Up-date (Strategy and Legislation) I. The Additional Learning Needs and Inclusion Strategy (ALN&I) Meetings have been held with the staff who are involved in the re-structuring to establish the New ALN&I Service for Gwynedd and Isle of Anglesey. Over 100 staff of the relevant Services attended the 2 open meetings held on 5 October and 6 December 2016; meetings with the relevant Unions were also held during the same period. We are now in the working through the appointments process, and as already confirmed, Gwern ap Rhisiart has been appointed Senior Inclusion Manager and Dr Einir Thomas as Senior ALN Manager; to work across both LEA’s. From the 1st April 2017, we kindly request that you refer matters pertaining to Inclusion matters in Gwynedd and Isle of Anglesey schools to Gwern and ALN related matters to Einir. Gwern ap Rhisiart: 01286 679007 [email protected] Dr Einir Thomas: 01248 752970 [email protected] ALN Responsibility (Einir) Inclusion Responsibility (Gwern) 4 new ALN&I Quality Officers have also been appointed, these officers will support the 2 Senior Managers to implement the ALN&I strategies, and provide managerial advice and support for headteachers and governing bodies.
    [Show full text]
  • Memorials of Old Wiltshire I
    M-L Gc 942.3101 D84m 1304191 GENEALOGY COLLECTION I 3 1833 00676 4861 Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2009 with funding from Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center http://www.archive.org/details/memorialsofoldwiOOdryd '^: Memorials OF Old Wiltshire I ^ .MEMORIALS DF OLD WILTSHIRE EDITED BY ALICE DRYDEN Editor of Meinoriah cf Old Northamptonshire ' With many Illustrations 1304191 PREFACE THE Series of the Memorials of the Counties of England is now so well known that a preface seems unnecessary to introduce the contributed papers, which have all been specially written for the book. It only remains for the Editor to gratefully thank the contributors for their most kind and voluntary assistance. Her thanks are also due to Lady Antrobus for kindly lending some blocks from her Guide to Amesbury and Stonekenge, and for allowing the reproduction of some of Miss C. Miles' unique photographs ; and to Mr. Sidney Brakspear, Mr. Britten, and Mr. Witcomb, for the loan of their photographs. Alice Dryden. CONTENTS Page Historic Wiltshire By M. Edwards I Three Notable Houses By J. Alfred Gotch, F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A. Prehistoric Circles By Sir Alexander Muir Mackenzie, Bart. 29 Lacock Abbey .... By the Rev. W. G. Clark- Maxwell, F.S.A. Lieut.-General Pitt-Rivers . By H. St. George Gray The Rising in the West, 1655 . The Royal Forests of Wiltshire and Cranborne Chase The Arundells of Wardour Salisbury PoHtics in the Reign of Queen Anne William Beckford of Fonthill Marlborough in Olden Times Malmesbury Literary Associations . Clarendon, the Historian . Salisbury .... CONTENTS Page Some Old Houses By the late Thomas Garner 197 Bradford-on-Avon By Alice Dryden 210 Ancient Barns in Wiltshire By Percy Mundy .
    [Show full text]
  • “The Prophecies of Fferyll”: Virgilian Reception in Wales
    “The Prophecies of Fferyll”: Virgilian Reception in Wales Revised from a paper given to the Virgil Society on 18 May 2013 Davies Whenever I make the short journey from my home to Swansea’s railway station, I pass two shops which remind me of Virgil. Both are chemist shops, both belong to large retail empires. The name-boards above their doors proclaim that each shop is not only a “pharmacy” but also a fferyllfa, literally “Virgil’s place”. In bilingual Wales homage is paid to the greatest of poets every time we collect a prescription! The Welsh words for a chemist or pharmacist fferyllydd( ), for pharmaceutical science (fferylliaeth), for a retort (fferyllwydr) are – like fferyllfa,the chemist’s shop – all derived from Fferyll, a learned form of Virgil’s name regularly used by writers and poets of the Middle Ages in Wales.1 For example, the 14th-century Dafydd ap Gwilym, in one of his love poems, pic- tures his beloved as an enchantress and the silver harp that she is imagined playing as o ffyrf gelfyddyd Fferyll (“shaped by Virgil’s mighty art”).2 This is, of course, the Virgil “of popular legend”, as Comparetti describes him: the Virgil of the Neapolitan tales narrated by Gervase of Tilbury and Conrad of Querfurt, Virgil the magician and alchemist, whose literary roots may be in Ecl. 8, a fascinating counterfoil to the prophet of the Christian interpretation of Ecl. 4.3 Not that the role of magician and the role of prophet were so differentiated in the medieval mind as they might be today.
    [Show full text]
  • Advice to Inform Post-War Listing in Wales
    ADVICE TO INFORM POST-WAR LISTING IN WALES Report for Cadw by Edward Holland and Julian Holder March 2019 CONTACT: Edward Holland Holland Heritage 12 Maes y Llarwydd Abergavenny NP7 5LQ 07786 954027 www.hollandheritage.co.uk front cover images: Cae Bricks (now known as Maes Hyfryd), Beaumaris Bangor University, Zoology Building 1 CONTENTS Section Page Part 1 3 Introduction 1.0 Background to the Study 2.0 Authorship 3.0 Research Methodology, Scope & Structure of the report 4.0 Statutory Listing Part 2 11 Background to Post-War Architecture in Wales 5.0 Economic, social and political context 6.0 Pre-war legacy and its influence on post-war architecture Part 3 16 Principal Building Types & architectural ideas 7.0 Public Housing 8.0 Private Housing 9.0 Schools 10.0 Colleges of Art, Technology and Further Education 11.0 Universities 12.0 Libraries 13.0 Major Public Buildings Part 4 61 Overview of Post-war Architects in Wales Part 5 69 Summary Appendices 82 Appendix A - Bibliography Appendix B - Compiled table of Post-war buildings in Wales sourced from the Buildings of Wales volumes – the ‘Pevsners’ Appendix C - National Eisteddfod Gold Medal for Architecture Appendix D - Civic Trust Awards in Wales post-war Appendix E - RIBA Architecture Awards in Wales 1945-85 2 PART 1 - Introduction 1.0 Background to the Study 1.1 Holland Heritage was commissioned by Cadw in December 2017 to carry out research on post-war buildings in Wales. 1.2 The aim is to provide a research base that deepens the understanding of the buildings of Wales across the whole post-war period 1945 to 1985.
    [Show full text]
  • ROBERT GERAINT GRUFFYDD Robert Geraint Gruffydd 1928–2015
    ROBERT GERAINT GRUFFYDD Robert Geraint Gruffydd 1928–2015 GERAINT GRUFFYDD RESEARCHED IN EVERY PERIOD—the whole gamut—of Welsh literature, and he published important contributions on its com- plete panorama from the sixth to the twentieth century. He himself spe- cialised in two periods in particular—the medieval ‘Poets of the Princes’ and the Renaissance. But in tandem with that concentration, he was renowned for his unique mastery of detail in all other parts of the spec- trum. This, for many acquainted with his work, was his paramount excel- lence, and reflected the uniqueness of his career. Geraint Gruffydd was born on 9 June 1928 on a farm named Egryn in Tal-y-bont, Meirionnydd, the second child of Moses and Ceridwen Griffith. According to Peter Smith’sHouses of the Welsh Countryside (London, 1975), Egryn dated back to the fifteenth century. But its founda- tions were dated in David Williams’s Atlas of Cistercian Lands in Wales (Cardiff, 1990) as early as 1391. In the eighteenth century, the house had been something of a centre of culture in Meirionnydd where ‘the sound of harp music and interludes were played’, with ‘the drinking of mead and the singing of ancient song’, according to the scholar William Owen-Pughe who lived there. Owen- Pughe’s name in his time was among the most famous in Welsh culture. An important lexicographer, his dictionary left its influence heavily, even notoriously, on the development of nineteenth-century literature. And it is strangely coincidental that in the twentieth century, in his home, was born and bred for a while a major Welsh literary scholar, superior to him by far in his achievement, who too, for his first professional activity, had started his career as a lexicographer.
    [Show full text]
  • Accounting for National Nature Reserves
    Natural England Research Report NERR078 Accounting for National Nature Reserves: A Natural Capital Account of the National Nature Reserves managed by Natural England www.gov.uk/naturalACCOUNTING FOR-england NATIONAL NATURE RESERVES Natural England Research Report NERR078 Accounting for National Nature Reserves: A Natural Capital Account of the National Nature Reserves managed by Natural England Tim Sunderland1, Ruth Waters1, Dan Marsh2, Cat Hudson1 and Jane Lusardi1 Published 21st February 2019 1 Natural England 2 University of Waikato, New Zealand This report is published by Natural England under the Open Government Licence - OGLv3.0 for public sector information. You are encouraged to use, and reuse, information subject to certain conditions. For details of the licence visit Copyright. Natural England photographs are only available for non commercial purposes. If any other information such as maps or data cannot be used commercially this will be made clear within the report. ISBN 978-1-78354-518-6 © Natural England 2018 ACCOUNTING FOR NATIONAL NATURE RESERVES Project details This report should be cited as: SUNDERLAND, T., WATERS, R.D., MARSH, D. V. K., HUDSON, C., AND LUSARDI, J. (2018). Accounting for National Nature Reserves: A natural capital account of the National Nature Reserves managed by Natural England. Natural England Research Report, Number 078 Project manager Tim Sunderland Principal Specialist in Economics Horizon House Bristol BS1 5TL [email protected] Acknowledgements We would like to thank everyone who contributed to this report both within Natural England and externally. ii Natural England Research Report 078 Foreword England’s National Nature Reserves (NNRs) are the crown jewels of our natural heritage.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography
    Bibliography Many books were read and researched in the compilation of Binford, L. R, 1983, Working at Archaeology. Academic Press, The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology: New York. Binford, L. R, and Binford, S. R (eds.), 1968, New Perspectives in American Museum of Natural History, 1993, The First Humans. Archaeology. Aldine, Chicago. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Braidwood, R 1.,1960, Archaeologists and What They Do. Franklin American Museum of Natural History, 1993, People of the Stone Watts, New York. Age. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Branigan, Keith (ed.), 1982, The Atlas ofArchaeology. St. Martin's, American Museum of Natural History, 1994, New World and Pacific New York. Civilizations. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Bray, w., and Tump, D., 1972, Penguin Dictionary ofArchaeology. American Museum of Natural History, 1994, Old World Civiliza­ Penguin, New York. tions. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Brennan, L., 1973, Beginner's Guide to Archaeology. Stackpole Ashmore, w., and Sharer, R. J., 1988, Discovering Our Past: A Brief Books, Harrisburg, PA. Introduction to Archaeology. Mayfield, Mountain View, CA. Broderick, M., and Morton, A. A., 1924, A Concise Dictionary of Atkinson, R J. C., 1985, Field Archaeology, 2d ed. Hyperion, New Egyptian Archaeology. Ares Publishers, Chicago. York. Brothwell, D., 1963, Digging Up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment Bacon, E. (ed.), 1976, The Great Archaeologists. Bobbs-Merrill, and Study ofHuman Skeletal Remains. British Museum, London. New York. Brothwell, D., and Higgs, E. (eds.), 1969, Science in Archaeology, Bahn, P., 1993, Collins Dictionary of Archaeology. ABC-CLIO, 2d ed. Thames and Hudson, London. Santa Barbara, CA. Budge, E. A. Wallis, 1929, The Rosetta Stone. Dover, New York. Bahn, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Upper Ordovician Graptolite–Chitinozoan Biostratigraphy of the Cardigan and Whitland Areas, Southwest Wales
    Geol. Mag. 145 (2), 2008, pp. 199–214. c 2007 Cambridge University Press 199 doi:10.1017/S0016756807004232 First published online 17 December 2007 Printed in the United Kingdom Integrated Upper Ordovician graptolite–chitinozoan biostratigraphy of the Cardigan and Whitland areas, southwest Wales THIJS R. A. VANDENBROUCKE∗†, MARK WILLIAMS‡, JAN A. ZALASIEWICZ‡, JEREMY R. DAVIES§ & RICHARD A. WATERS¶ ∗Research Unit Palaeontology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium ‡Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK §British Geological Survey, Kingsley Dunham Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK ¶Department of Geology, National Museum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF10 3NP, UK (Received 26 January 2007; accepted 26 June 2007) Abstract – To help calibrate the emerging Upper Ordovician chitinozoan biozonation with the graptolite biozonation in the Anglo-Welsh, historical type basin, the graptolite-bearing Caradoc– Ashgill successions between Fishguard and Cardigan, and at Whitland, SW Wales, have been collected for chitinozoans. In the Cardigan district, finds of Armoricochitina reticulifera within strata referred to the clingani graptolite Biozone (morrisi Subzone), together with accessory species, indicate the Fungochitina spinifera chitinozoan Biozone, known from several Ordovician sections in northern England that span the base of the Ashgill Series. Tanuchitina ?bergstroemi, eponymous of the succeeding chitinozoan biozone, has tentatively been recovered from strata of Pleurograptus linearis graptolite Biozone age in the Cardigan area. The T. ?bergstroemi Biozone can also be correlated with the type Ashgill Series of northern England. Chitinozoans suggest that the widespread Welsh Basin anoxic–oxic transition at the base of the Nantmel Mudstones Formation in Wales, traditionally equated with the Caradoc–Ashgill boundary, is of Cautleyan (or younger Ashgill) age in the Cardigan area.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Medieval Dykes (400 to 850 Ad)
    EARLY MEDIEVAL DYKES (400 TO 850 AD) A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2015 Erik Grigg School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Contents Table of figures ................................................................................................ 3 Abstract ........................................................................................................... 6 Declaration ...................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................... 9 1 INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY ................................................. 10 1.1 The history of dyke studies ................................................................. 13 1.2 The methodology used to analyse dykes ............................................ 26 2 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DYKES ............................................. 36 2.1 Identification and classification ........................................................... 37 2.2 Tables ................................................................................................. 39 2.3 Probable early-medieval dykes ........................................................... 42 2.4 Possible early-medieval dykes ........................................................... 48 2.5 Probable rebuilt prehistoric or Roman dykes ...................................... 51 2.6 Probable reused prehistoric
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 6: Scheduled Ancient Monuments for Information Only
    Appendix 6: Scheduled Ancient Monuments For information only District Parish SAM Site Name No. SOUTH YORKSHIRE Barnsley Langsett 27214 Wayside cross on Langsett Moor known as Lady Cross Sheffield Bradfield 13212 Bailey Hill motte & bailey castle, High Bradfield 13244 Castle Hill motte & bailey castle, High Bradfield 13249 Ewden Beck round barrow cemetery & cross- dyke 13250 Ewden beck ring-cairn 27215 Wayside cross on Bradfield Moor known as New Cross SY181a Apronfull of Stones, barrow DR18 Reconstructed packhorse bridge, Derwent Hall 29808 The Bar Dyke linear earthwork 29809 Cairnfield on Broomhead Moor, 500m NW of Mortimer House 29819 Ring cairn, 340m NW of Mortimer House 29820 Cowell Flat prehistoric field system 31236 Two cairns at Crow Chin Sheffield Sheffield 24985 Lead smelting site on Bole Hill, W of Bolehill Lodge SY438 Group of round barrows 29791 Carl Wark slight univallate hillfort 29797 Toad's Mouth prehistoric field system 29798 Cairn 380m SW of Burbage Bridge 29800 Winyard's Nick prehistoric field system 29801 Ring cairn, 500m NW of Burbage Bridge 29802 Cairns at Winyard's Nick 680m WSW of Carl Wark hillfort 29803 Cairn at Winyard's Nick 470m SE of Mitchell Field 29816 Two ring cairns at Ciceley Low, 500m ESE of Parson House Farm 31245 Stone circle on Ash Cabin Flat Enclosure on Oldfield Kirklees Meltham WY1205 Hill WEST YORKSHIRE WY1206 Enclosure on Royd Edge Bowl Macclesfield Lyme 22571 barrow Handley on summit of Spond's Hill CHESHIRE 22572 Bowl barrow 50m S of summit of Spond's Hill 22579 Bowl barrow W of path in Knightslow
    [Show full text]
  • Princes of Gwynedd Guidebook
    Princes of Gwynedd Guidebook Discover the legends of the mighty princes of Gwynedd in the awe-inspiring landscape of North Wales PRINCES OF GWYNEDD GUIDEBOOK Front Cover: Criccieth Castle2 © Princes of Gwynedd 2013 of © Princes © Cadw, Welsh Government (Crown Copyright) This page: Dolwyddelan Castle © Conwy County Borough Council PRINCES OF GWYNEDD GUIDEBOOK 3 Dolwyddelan Castle Inside this book Step into the dramatic, historic landscapes of Wales and discover the story of the princes of Gwynedd, Wales’ most successful medieval dynasty. These remarkable leaders were formidable warriors, shrewd politicians and generous patrons of literature and architecture. Their lives and times, spanning over 900 years, have shaped the country that we know today and left an enduring mark on the modern landscape. This guidebook will show you where to find striking castles, lost palaces and peaceful churches from the age of the princes. www.snowdoniaheritage.info/princes 4 THE PRINCES OF GWYNEDD TOUR © Sarah McCarthy © Sarah Castell y Bere The princes of Gwynedd, at a glance Here are some of our top recommendations: PRINCES OF GWYNEDD GUIDEBOOK 5 Why not start your journey at the ruins of Deganwy Castle? It is poised on the twin rocky hilltops overlooking the mouth of the River Conwy, where the powerful 6th-century ruler of Gwynedd, Maelgwn ‘the Tall’, once held court. For more information, see page 15 © Princes of Gwynedd of © Princes If it’s a photo opportunity you’re after, then Criccieth Castle, a much contested fortress located high on a headland above Tremadog Bay, is a must. For more information, see page 15 © Princes of Gwynedd of © Princes If you prefer a remote, more contemplative landscape, make your way to Cymer Abbey, the Cistercian monastery where monks bred fine horses for Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, known as Llywelyn ‘the Great’.
    [Show full text]