DOCSLIB.ORG

Organic Matter Distribution, Composition and Its Possible Fate in the Chilean North-Patagonian Estuarine System

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Organic Matter Distribution, Composition and Its Possible Fate in the Chilean North-Patagonian Estuarine System Science of the Total Environment 657 (2019) 1419–1431 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Science of the Total Environment journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/scitotenv Organic matter distribution, composition and its possible fate in the Chilean North-Patagonian estuarine system Humberto E. González a,b,⁎, Jorge Nimptsch a, Ricardo Giesecke a,b,NelsonSilvac a Universidad Austral de Chile, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Valdivia, Chile b Centro FONDAP de Investigación de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile c Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile HIGHLIGHTS GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT • The distribution, composition and transport of both DOC and POC, were studied across a terrestrial-marine transition system. • A fDOM land-ocean gradient from humic-C1 terrigenous-derived to tyrosine-like C3 autochthonous fDOM was observed. • The UVC to UVA humic ratio was correlated with salinity, highlighting the high variability in fDOM chemical characteristics. • Climate warming and anthropogenic practices boost the mobilization of terrestrial carbon pools. article info abstract Article history: The distribution, composition, and transport of both dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC) Received 25 June 2018 were studied across a terrestrial - marine transition system in the Chilean North-Patagonia (41°S). Received in revised form 26 November 2018 At the land-fjord boundary we reported: (i) high concentrations of both silicic acid (up to 100 μM) and integrated Accepted 29 November 2018 − chlorophyll a (62 mg m 2), (ii) dominance of nanophytoplankton (63%), humic-, terrigenous-derived, and Available online 04 December 2018 protein-like DOC (19 and 36%, respectively), and (iii) a shallow photic zone (12 m depth). In contrast, the μ Editor: Daniel Wunderlin estuarine-ocean boundary was characterized by (i) high concentrations of nitrate and phosphate (20 and 2 M respectively) and low chlorophyll a concentration (11 mg m−2), (ii) dominance of microphytoplankton (59%) Keywords: and tyrosine-like C3 autochthonous DOC (34%), and (iii) a deep photic zone (29 m depth). North-Patagonia Fjord Allochthonous DOC input at the fjord head and the ocean accounted for 60% and 10% of total DOC, respectively. DOC The input of humic-like substances was enhanced by intense forestry and agriculture activity around the Puelo POC River watershed, contributing from 50% to 14% of total DOC along the fjord - ocean transect. In contrast, autoch- Fluorescent DOM thonous tyrosine-like substances increased from 25% to 41% of total DOC, highlighting the role of bacterial metab- Organic matter olism in regulating DOM composition. The high correlation (R2 = 0.7) between the UVC-humic:UVA-humic ratio and salinity suggest that processes associated to freshwater input impinged on the DOC chemical characteristics and origins. Overall, our observations support the view that climate warming (freshwater input) and ⁎ Corresponding author at: Universidad Austral de Chile, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Valdivia, Chile. E-mail address: [email protected] (H.E. González). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.445 0048-9697/© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1420 H.E. González et al. / Science of the Total Environment 657 (2019) 1419–1431 anthropogenic practices (aquaculture) boost the mobilization of terrestrial carbon pools and their intrusion into coastal ocean areas, a process that should be given more attention in climate prediction models. © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction S) POC flux is slightly lower (234 mgC m−2 d−1), albeit representing 65% of net primary production (González et al., 2013). Estuarine systems are extremely complex, with high spatial and The study area includes a strong gradient in both freshwater input temporal variability. The physical and chemical characteristics of total and its TOM load from the terrestrial forest watershed to oceanic wa- organic matter (TOM), either dissolved (DOM) or particulate (POM), ters, starting from RF into which two major rivers (Petrohué and depend on the interplay among multi-factorial processes of production, Puelo) discharge freshwater at a combined rate of 500 to 1000 m3 s−1, utilization, reactivity, and export of organic matter along a continuous with a minimum in February and a maximum in July. However, a de- land-ocean gradient. For example, in aquatic systems DOM affects creasing trend in the terrestrial signal associated with reduced precipi- light attenuation, metal speciation and bioavailability (possible nutrient tation and river discharge has been reported over the last 400 years in sources) for the microbial community (Cory and McKnight, 2005). Estu- northern Patagonia (Lara et al., 2008; Rebolledo et al., 2015). arine productivity is supported by total allochthonous organic matter When and where rivers behave as active reactors versus passive (OMal) from various sources but is most likely mainly composed of pipes for DOM stands as a major knowledge gap in land-ocean contin- plant litter, given that the northern Patagonian systems are surrounded uum biogeochemistry (Casas-Ruiz et al., 2017). In a previous study by forests and agricultural land which most likely contribute a signifi- (González et al., 2010) we demonstrated that freshwater discharge, nu- cant amount of refractory TOM (Raymond and Bauer, 2001). In estua- trient availability, and solar radiation strongly affect the structure and rine systems, the upper freshwater plume seems to be mainly loaded functioning of the pelagic community of the RF and Inner Sea of Chiloé with POMal (Vargas et al., 2011), while the underlying saline layer con- (ISCh). Said analysis lacked the DOC components (concentration, com- tains autochthonous organic matter (POMau) which most likely origi- position, and either autochthonous or allochthonous origin), and this nates from microbial degradation and phytoplankton exudates contribution aimed to fill that knowledge gap regarding the carbon (Canuel et al., 1995). Thus, in a terrestrial to marine gradient OMal and pools in the northern Chilean Patagonia fjords. OMau might predominate at the heads (Silva and Prego, 2002)and We aimed to evaluate the spatial input of autochthonous and alloch- mouths (Singh et al., 2010; Martineau et al., 2004) of the fjords, respec- thonous OM and their biochemical composition, accounting for the con- tively. It is possible that the relative availability and utilization of OMal nectivity across ecosystems (terrestrial-estuarine-marine) and the versus OMau by bacterioplankton would follow the same spatial gradi- interactions within compartments (pelagic-benthic). The main objec- ent, enabling microbial communities to exploit energy that escapes tives were to establish, in a transect from the land to the ocean, (i) the from upstream ecosystems. Furthermore, a fraction of the OMal utilized physical and chemical characteristics of the water (temperature, salin- by microorganisms can be mobilized to invertebrates and vertebrates ity, dissolved oxygen, and macronutrients), as well as UV and PAR through the pelagic and benthic food webs (Lusseau and Wing, 2006; light penetration into the water column, (ii) chlorophyll-a size- McLeod and Wing, 2007; McLeod and Wing, 2009; Vargas et al., fractions, bacterioplankton abundance, and microplankton distribution 2011). This organic matter flow from lower to higher trophic levels in- and composition, and (iii) concentrations of DOM - POM and the origin creases the overall energy utilization at the ecosystem level (Battin of the OM (OMal versus OMau). The analysis was complemented by et al., 2008) and accounts for up to one-fifth of estuarine metabolism identifying a specific fluorescent dissolved components and a stable iso- (Smith and Hollibaugh, 1993). topic signal, both measured along a transect from the Puelo and Estuarine systems are usually in a heterotrophic state i.e. net pri- Petrohué river mouths in RF to the coastal marine system of the ISCh. mary production is lower than community respiration (PPn b CR) (Dale and Prego, 2005; Karlsson et al., 2007; Gupta et al., 2009), suggest- 1.1. Materials and methods ing that they might also rely on OMal. The traditional view of the self- sustainability of aquatic systems has therefore been challenged and 1.1.1. Study area and physico-chemical conditions the input coupled to the important contribution of OMal to benthic Sampling took place from July 1 to 20, 2011, aboard the Chilean Navy and pelagic trophic webs has now been generally recognized (Pantoja oceanographic vessel AGS 61 “Cabo de Hornos”. The study area included et al., 2010), including implications for the metabolic balance of plank- RF (41°38′S), an east-west orientation with a total length and width of ton communities. This terrestrial input of OMal may include a mixture 55 and 2.8 km, respectively, and the ISCh (from 42 to 44°S). A transect of labile, semi-labile, and refractory matter, where components of the with 19 sampling stations traversed from the head of RF (Stn 7) to the watershed, such as freshwater discharge, tidal currents, vegetation, coastal oceanic area of the Guafo Entrance (Stn 50) (Fig. 1). Water sam- river morphology, water residence time, and the chemical and physical ples were collected at these stations with a bottle-rosette system with characteristics of TOM itself play a major role in making DOM available the purpose of determining DOC
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Región De LOS Lagos
    REGIÓN DE LOCALIDADES _700 1 LOS LAGOS _conectando Chile PROYECTO { Localidades } 700_ X Proyecto _Escala Regional 108 Localidades rurales conectadas en la Región. 19.647 US$ 31,53 millones Habitantes inversión en la región. beneficiados. 42 Escuelas con servicios de Internet. LOCALIDADES _700 1 La conectividad provista por será mediante tecnología: 3G en banda 900 US$ 31,53 En el caso de la telefonía móvil será necesario uso de equipos con sello banda 900. Las escuelas contarán con servicio de Internet gratuito por dos años. “Chile está impulsando fuertemente el desarrollo de las telecomunicaciones, modernizando al país en un conjunto de ámbitos”. LOCALIDADES _700 3 Rodrigo Ramírez Pino » Subsecretario de Telecomunicaciones “Las contraprestaciones son la de las grandes urbes. Y justa, oportuna, necesaria y potente porque pone fin a la discrimina- puesta en práctica de una política ción con la que se ha tratado a pública con visión estratégica las personas que habitan esos sobre la matriz digital que Chile casi desconocidos rincones del necesita, que expresa calidad, territorio, desde el mercado de equidad y justicia digital. Cali- las telecomunicaciones”. dad, porque técnicamente se ha pensado como un acceso efectivo. Equitativa, porque iguala el acceso a la infraestructura de las telecomunicaciones en zonas aisladas del territorio respecto 4 REGIÓN DE LOS LAGOS Luisa Fuentes » Jefa de Proyectos Construcción de Red Entel “Los principales beneficios radican La experiencia ha sido motivadora en un único objetivo: hacer del país, y muy desafiante, el trabajo en uno más inclusivo en acceso a Te- equipo ha sido fundamental para lecomunicaciones, aumentando la el logro de los resultados a la eficiencia de los servicios locales, fecha.
    [Show full text]
  • Informe Etapa 3
    INFORME ETAPA 3 ANTEPROYECTO ESTUDIO “ACTUALIZACIÓN PLAN REGULADOR COMUNAL DE CHONCHI Y PLANO DE DETALLE” MEMORIA EXPLICATIVA Enero 2020 ESTUDIO ACTUALIZACIÓN PLAN REGULADOR COMUNAL DE CHONCHI Y PLANO DE DETALLE TABLA DE CONTENIDOS CAPITULO I INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................ 5 I.- PRESENTACIÓN ............................................................................................................. 5 I.1 OBJETIVOS DEL ESTUDIO ...................................................................................... 5 I.2 ÁREA DE ESTUDIO .................................................................................................. 6 II.- INSERCIÓN DE LA COMUNA DE CHONCHI EN LA REGIÓN ..................................... 7 II.1 Estrategia Regional de Desarrollo (ERD) ................................................................... 7 II.2 Plan Regional de Desarrollo Urbano (PRDU) Los Lagos ........................................... 8 II.3 Plan Regional de Ordenamiento Territorial (PROT) ................................................... 9 III.- INSERCIÓN DE LA COMUNA EN LA PROVINCIA DE CHILOÉ ................................. 10 IV.- ANTECEDENTES DE HISTORIA COMUNAL ............................................................. 13 IV.1 La prehistoria ........................................................................................................... 13 IV.2 La ocupación europea ............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Isles of Myths&Monstersseakayak
    ExChile Greatest Playground on Earth! 2009-2010 season Trip Name: Isle of Myths and Monsters Sea Kayaking Last Name: First Name: Email: Phone: # in group: Comments: Overview: Immerse yourself in the fascinating, cultural experience of Chiloe Island as we sea kayak silently through the mysterious byways of this archipelago, where Spain once maintained it's last stronghold of colonial power in South America. Here the magic of traditional culture lives on. Our sturdy kayaks emulate the spirit of the fragile dalcas; in which the natives traveled many centuries ago. Today there still vestiges of this original Araucanian way of life, in harmonious combination with the influences of German immigrants in the late 1800s and of modern-day Chile. On every lovely island we visit, you'll see moss-covered old wooden churches gracing the seaside, as well as palafitos (stilt houses) that are 20 feet and more in the air when the tide is out, but nearly awash when it's in. Savor a rich curanto and other typical cuisine to delight your palate. Wander through the local market of Castro. What more can we say? This is the opportunity of a lifetime to enjoy a fantastic adventure at the other end of the Earth National Geographic International Adventurist: Seven days to the Futaleufu - Trailer Slideshows: Slide Shows Day by Day: Day 1: ANCUD - PUÑIHUIL - CASTRO Reception at the bus terminal of Ancud, then we will drive west to visit the place of Puñihuil in the Pacific side of the main island. This is a group of islands that serve as breeding habitat for Magellanic and Humboldt Penguins as well as many other marine birds.
    [Show full text]
  • Mean, Seasonal and Interannual Variability, with a Focus on 2014–2016
    NASA Public Access Author manuscript Prog Oceanogr. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 November 16. Published in final edited form as: NASA Author ManuscriptNASA Author Manuscript NASA Author Prog Oceanogr. 2019 Manuscript NASA Author March ; 172: 159–198. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2019.01.004. Ocean circulation along the southern Chile transition region (38° −46°S): Mean, seasonal and interannual variability, with a focus on 2014–2016 P. Ted Struba,*, Corinne Jamesa, Vivian Montecinob, José A. Rutllantc,d, José Luis Blancoe aCollege of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, 104 CEOAS Admin. Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331-5503, United States bDepartamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile cDepartamento de Geofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 2777, Santiago, Chile dCenter for Advanced Studies in Arid Zones (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile eBluewater Consulting Company, Ramalab Laboratory, O’Higgins 464, Castro, Chile Abstract Satellite and atmospheric model fields are used to describe the wind forcing, surface ocean circulation, temperature and chlorophyll-a pigment concentrations along the coast of southern Chile in the transition region between 38° and 46°S. Located inshore of the bifurcation of the eastward South Pacific Current into the equatorward Humboldt and the poleward Cape Horn Currents, the region also includes the Chiloé Inner Sea and the northern extent of the complex system of fjords, islands and canals that stretch south from near 42°S. The high resolution satellite data reveal that equatorward currents next to the coast extend as far south as 48°−51°S in spring- summer.
    [Show full text]
  • Massive Salp Outbreaks in the Inner Sea of Chiloé Island (Southern Chile): Possible Causes and Ecological Consequences
    Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res., 42(3): 604-621, 2014 Massive salp outbreaks in the inner sea of Chiloé Island 604 1 DOI: 103856/vol42-issue3-fulltext-18 Research Article Massive salp outbreaks in the inner sea of Chiloé Island (Southern Chile): possible causes and ecological consequences Ricardo Giesecke1,2, Alejandro Clement3, José Garcés-Vargas1, Jorge I. Mardones4 Humberto E. González1,6, Luciano Caputo1,2 & Leonardo Castro5,6 1Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile P.O. Box 567, Valdivia, Chile 2Centro de Estudios en Ecología y Limnología Chile, Geolimnos, Carelmapu 1 N°540, Valdivia, Chile 3Plancton Andino, P.O. Box 823, Puerto Montt, Chile 4Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia 5Departamento de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile 6Programa de Financiamiento Basal, COPAS Sur-Austral y Centro COPAS de Oceanografía Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile ABSTRACT. During 2010 several massive salp outbreaks of the Subantarctic species Ihlea magalhanica were recorded in the inner sea of Chiloé Island (ISCh, Southern Chile), affecting both phytoplankton abundance and salmon farmers by causing high fish mortality. First outbreaks were recorded during February 2010 when Ihlea magalhanica reached up to 654,000 ind m-3 close to the net pens in Maillen Island and consecutive outbreaks could be followed during March and from October to November 2010. One month prior to the first recorded salp outbreak, the adjacent oceanic region and ISCh showed a sharp decline of ca.
    [Show full text]
  • THE PEOPLES and LANGUAGES of CHILE by DONALDD
    New Mexico Anthropologist Volume 5 | Issue 3 Article 2 9-1-1941 The eoplesP and Languages of Chile Donald Brand Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nm_anthropologist Recommended Citation Brand, Donald. "The eP oples and Languages of Chile." New Mexico Anthropologist 5, 3 (1941): 72-93. https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nm_anthropologist/vol5/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Anthropology at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Anthropologist by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 72 NEW MEXICO ANTHROPOLOGIST THE PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF CHILE By DONALDD. BRAND This article initiates a series in which the writer will attempt to summarize the scattered and commonly contradictory material on the present ethnic and linguistic constituency of a number of Latin Ameri- can countries. It represents some personal investigations in the field and an examination of much of the pertinent literature. Chile has been a sovereign state since the War of Independence 1810-26. This state was founded upon a nuclear area west of the Andean crest and essentially between 240 and 460 South Latitude. Through the War of the Pacific with Bolivia and Perui in 1879-1883 and peaceful agreements with Argentina, Chile acquired her present extention from Arica to Tierra del Fuego. These northern and south- ern acquisitions added little to her population but introduced numerous small ethnic and linguistic groups. Chile has taken national censuses in 1835, 1843, 1854, 1865, 1875, 1885, 1895, 1907, 1920, 1930, and the most recent one in November of 1940.
    [Show full text]
  • Prácticas Cotidianas E Imaginarios En Sociedades Litorales. El Sector De Cucao, Isla Grande De Chiloé1 Daily Practices and Imaginaries in Litoral Societies
    Prácticas cotidianas e imaginarios en sociedades litorales…Volumen 40, Nº 1, 2008. Páginas 67-8067 Chungara, Revista de Antropología Chilena PRÁCTICAS COTIDIANAS E IMAGINARIOS EN SOCIEDADES LITORALES. EL SECTOR DE CUCAO, ISLA GRANDE DE CHILOÉ1 DAILY PRACTICES AND IMAGINARIES IN LITORAL SOCIETIES. THE SECTOR OF CUCAO, ISLA GRANDE OF CHILOÉ Francisco Ther Ríos1 El artículo da cuenta acerca de las prácticas cotidianas en una sociedad litoral específica. Se toma como estudio de caso el sector occidental de la Isla Grande de Chiloé (Chile), considerando para ello las interrelaciones entre cultura y ambiente. El objetivo central de la investigación ha sido describir y categorizar las prácticas cotidianas de tipo económico que ponen en juego los habitantes del sector de Cucao en Chiloé, junto a los usos sociales del tiempo asociados a dichas prácticas. Los habitantes de este sector se dedican en el presente a una producción primaria vinculada a la agricultura, pesca y marisqueo, y uso y manejo de productos del bosque. A partir de lo anterior, se enuncian modos de vida e imaginarios en una sociedad en transición a la modernidad. Palabras claves: sociedades litorales, imaginarios territoriales, prácticas cotidianas, cultura/ambiente, Isla de Chiloé. This case study addresses daily practices and social imaginary (set of values, institutions, laws and symbols common to a group) in the litoral society of the western sector of the Isla Grande of Chiloé (Chile). Special consideration is given to the interrelation of culture and environment. The central objective of this investigation is to describe and categorize daily practices, of an economic nature, taken on by the inhabitants of the sector of Cucao, in Chiloé, together with the social uses of time associated with these practices.
    [Show full text]
  • GASTRONOMÍA TÍPICA: EL CURANTO FICHA 7 L Curanto En Hoyo Es Un Plato Característico Legumbres Como Habas Y Arvejas
    GASTRONOMÍA TÍPICA: EL CURANTO FICHA 7 l curanto en hoyo es un plato característico legumbres como habas y arvejas. de la cultura chilota heredado de nuestros Epueblos originarios. En tiempos pasados Rápidamente deben cubrirse los productos fue solamente un método de cocción de mariscos con pangues y champas de tierra (tepes).Así, y de algas como el luche. Con el paso del tiempo herméticamente, el curanto debe cocer por un se le han ido incorporando otros productos. lapso de una hora aproximadamente. Para prepararlo se debe cavar en la tierra un Posterior a ese tiempo se procede a destaparlo hoyo superficial, cuyo diámetro varía según los y los comensales se ubican en torno a él para mariscos que se cocinarán. En él previamente servirse a discreción. se prepara el fuego y se colocan piedras, las cuales deben calentarse al rojo. Para complementar la degustación se prepara un pebre. Lo mariscos que no se consumen en Una vez que las piedras alcanzaron la el momento se colocan en sartas y se ahúman temperatura adecuada se colocan los mariscos, en el collín. las carnes, los milcaos, chapaleles y embutidos. Además, si están disponibles, se agregan CURANTO EN VOIGUE, QUEMCHI LA CHOCHOCA PREPARANDO CHOCHOCA EN PUGUEÑÚN, ANCUD a chochoca es una preparación culinaria tradicional en nuestro L archipiélago. La base de la misma es la papa. El tubérculo se pela, se ralla y luego se exprime para quitarle la fécula o chuño. Luego se procede a amasar la papa molida cruda junto con una porción similar de papa cocida. Se le agrega un poco de manteca de cerdo y sal.
    [Show full text]
  • Presencia Intercultural En Las Manifestaciones Míticas De Chiloé Contemporáneo*
    Cont extos, estudios de humanidades y ciencias sociales Nº 23 (2010): 61-74 PRESENCIA INTERCULTURAL EN LAS MANIFESTACIONES MÍTICAS DE CHILOÉ CONTEMPORÁNEO* Juan Bahamonde Cantín1 RESUMEN: ABSTRACT: INTERCULTURAL PRESENCE IN THE MYTHICAL Se presentan dos estudios relacionados con la MANIFESTATIONS OF CONTEMPORARY CHILOE presencia de elementos interculturales en los mitos chilotes, centrados en una visión émica. This paper presents two studies related to the presence of intercultural elements in the A pesar de la invasión de la cultura moderna Chilote myths, centered in an emic vision. In en el espacio chilote, algunas creencias míti- spite of the invasion of modern culture in the cas y leyendas se actualizan, con una gran in- Chilote space, some mythical beliefs and fluencia de la cultura local sobre la tradi- cional, y que trascienden en el diario vivir. legends are updated evincing a strong influence of local over traditional culture, which goes beyond daily life. Palabras claves: Chiloé, contemporáneo, intercul- Key words: Chiloe, contemporary, intercultural, turalidad, mitos, tradición. myths, tradition. INTRODUCCIÓN2 1. LOS PRIMEROS ANTECEDENTES INTERCULTURALES s relevante destacar, en primer lugar, las posibles relaciones interculturales de estos mitos populares chilotes con la mitología clásica antigua de griegos y romanos E(Mythus para Jolles, 1972). Estos antecedentes los encontramos en el estudio descrip- tivo de Francisco Cavada (1914: 84-87), quien, en forma bastante resumida, destaca 17 puntos de contacto existentes entre la
    [Show full text]
  • Sports & Culture in Chiloé
    Sports & Culture in Chiloé Programa : Outdoors and Culture in Chiloe island. Nido de Aguilas’ week without walls provide to students some unique teaching sessions in the great outdoor. Chiloe is a land of traditions, as often when we talk about island they remain on a different rhythm than the main land. This is what we will discover on these days but also get immerged in the incredible nature and specific ecosystem of this northern Patagonia island. We will be practicing new activities and get confident in: Hiking, kayaking, Biking, Horse riding and at the same time get to discover what makes Chiloe so special : the people who live here from the native Huiliche to settlers who arrived during 20th century but also people from different areas of Chile who have come here for the salmon farming rush. There is a lot ot learn about this beautiful island and you can be sure you will be in the best hands for such a purpose. Ko’KayaK :www.kokayak.cl – San Pedro 311 Puerto Varas Base : ruta 225 Kilometro 40 - Ensenada Sports & Culture in Chiloé November 3rd : Puerto Montt- Puñihuil. Penguins colony Arrival to Puerto Montt’s airport and shuttle to Chiloé Island. Once we cross Chacao Channel our experience will begin. Our first destination a local tourism project where the members of the family invite us to participate in a country- common- working- day helping them with different labors depending of the season: from collecting the harvest to prepare the soils for planting or participating in the kitchen even helping with cattle.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Development? Salmon Aquaculture and Late Modernity in the Archipelago of Chiloé, Chile
    Island Studies Journal, Vol. 11, No. 2, 2016, pp. 651-672 Sustainable development? Salmon aquaculture and late modernity in the archipelago of Chiloé, Chile Jonathan R. Barton Instituto de Estudios Urbanos y Territoriales & Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile [email protected] and Álvaro Román Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable & Instituto de Estudios Urbanos y Territoriales Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile [email protected] ABSTRACT: Chiloé is an archipelago that has, since the 1980s, become one of the motors of the Chilean economy. Salmon aquaculture swiftly transformed the tradition of isolation and poverty that had defined the local identity and livelihoods. This is now changing due to the rapid experience of modernity. This modernity is driven by transnational capital and large- scale state intervention in the promotion of salmon aquaculture and its current central role in defining development in the islands. While this sector has generated private and public employment and infrastructure, there has also been an important shift in the expectations and aspirations of the local population, towards increased hybridization and also a mercantilization of island culture. The success of salmon production reveals that the conditions of isolation can be transformed, and even benefits reaped from integration into the modern world –globalised, capitalist and rational, rather than traditional– however it also entails risks for the sustainability of fragile socio-ecological systems, including the existence of traditional and alternative livelihoods. Keywords : aquaculture, Chiloé, globalization, identity, modernity, sustainable development. © 2016 – Institute of Island Studies, University of Prince Edward Island, Canada Introduction: an archipelago in transformation In May 2016, artisanal fishers on Chiloé blockaded roads and demanded negotiations with the national government.
    [Show full text]
  • Ficha Chiloe
    Intercontinental Learning Route “Weaving connections between territories in Latin America and the Mediterranean to establish a network of innovative initiatives that valorise biocultural diversity” -LATINAMERICAN COURSE- 30 of July – 14 of August 2012 Territory synopsis: The Chiloé Archipelago, Chile Carolina Porras, DTR-IC/ Rimisp Based on the documentation principally provided by Carlos Venegas CET – Chiloé/SIPAM INDEX PAGE ABREVIACIONES Y SIGLAS 3 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 4 2. THE TERRITORIAL CONTEXT AND ITS MAIN DYNAMICS 4 3. INITIATIVES/STRATEGIES TAKING PLACE WHICH VALORISE BIOCULTURAL 8 DIVERSITY 4. ANALYSIS OF THE LIMITATIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF THE TERRITORIAL 10 EXPERIENCE 5. FUENTES BIBLIOGRÁFICAS Y LINKS DE UTILIDAD 11 2 ABRIVIATIONS CET Centre of Education and Technology FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation for United Nations INDAP Agricultural and Livestock Institute of Development INIA National Institute of Agrarian Investigation NGO Non Governmental Organisation PROCASUR Regional Program for South to South Learning Rimisp Latinamerican Center for Rural Development RTD Rural Territorial Development RTD-CI Rural Territorial Development with Cultural Identity SENCE National Service of Capacity Building and Employment SEREMI Regional Ministerial Secretariat SIPAM Ingenious Agricultural Heritage Systems Program UACH Austral University of Chile UNESCO United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation 3 1. INTRODUCTION This document includes a brief synopsis about the process of Rural Territorial Development with Cultural
    [Show full text]