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Vegetation Survey of the Yegua Knobbs Preserve
VEGETATION SURVEY OF THE YEGUA KNOBBS PRESERVE, BASTROP AND LEE COUNTIES, TEXAS by Diana K. Digges, B.A. A thesis submitted to the Graduate Council of Texas State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science with a Major in Biology August 2019 Committee Members: David E. Lemke, Chair Paula S. Williamson Sunethra Dharmasiri COPYRIGHT by Diana K. Digges 2019 FAIR USE AND AUTHOR’S PERMISSION STATEMENT Fair Use This work is protected by the Copyright Laws of the United States (Public Law 94-553, section 107). Consistent with fair use as defined in the Copyright Laws, brief quotations from this material are allowed with proper acknowledgement. Use of this material for financial gain without the author’s express written permission is not allowed. Duplication Permission As the copyright holder of this work I, Diana K. Digges, authorize duplication of this work, in whole or in part, for educational or scholarly purposes only. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my family and friends who have been understanding and patient as I pursued my degree. Your support has meant so much to me. A big thank you to my boyfriend, Swayam Shree, for his unwavering belief in me and for keeping me laughing. I am grateful to the Biology faculty at Texas State University, especially Drs. David Lemke, Paula Williamson, Sunethra Dharmasiri, and Garland Upchurch who helped me further my study of botany. A special thank you to Dr. Lemke for allowing me to pursue this project and his continued support during my time as a graduate student. -
Botany and Conservation Biology Alumni Newsletter 3 NEWS & NOTES NEWS & NOTES
Botany & Conservation A newsletter for alumni and friends of Botany and Conservation Biology Fall/Winter 2017 Unraveling the secret to the unique pigment of beets - page 5 The many colors of the common beet Mo Fayyaz retires Letters to a A virtual museum Contents 3 4 pre-scientist 6 reunion botany.wisc.edu conservationbiology.ls.wisc.edu NEWS & NOTES NEWS & NOTES Chair’s Letter Longtime botany greenhouse director Mo Fayyaz retires Adapted from a story by Eric Hamilton sense of inevitable change in the air. At Those seminal collections, intended hen the Iranian government plants. Fayyaz and his greenhouse staff overseeing the work himself. The garden the same time, autumn in Wisconsin to encourage interest in the natural Woffered Mo Fayyaz a full schol- have grown a dizzying array of plants organizes plants by their family rela- always evokes a feeling of comfort in the resources of Wisconsin, grew quickly arship to study horticulture abroad, a used by 14 lecture and laboratory courses tionships and features several unique familiar – botany students are once again and would ultimately serve as the cradle simple oversight meant the University as well as botanical research labs. The specimens, such as a direct descendent out trying to ID asters and goldenrods. of origin for most of the natural science of Wisconsin–Madison was not his top greenhouse climates range from humid, of Isaac Newton’s apple tree, said to have It’s that enigmatic sense of the familiar disciplines that have propelled UW- choice. tropical jungles nurturing orchids to arid inspired the physicist’s theory of gravity. -
The Archaeology of Maize
chapter 1 The Archaeology of Maize the domesticators domesticated The story of maize begins at least 9,000 years ago in southwestern Mex- ico as small groups of nomadic people found themselves attracted to stands of a rather tall, bushy tropical grass now known as teosinte (fi gure 1.1). We don’t know what name these early indigenous Mexi- cans had for teosinte, but by the time of the Spanish Conquest there were many names for it, including cincocopi, acecintle, atzitzintle.1 Today evidence of these fi rst farmers and the teosinte plants they har- vested is almost invisible—but we can see some traces left behind by the early descendants of both the plants and the people. For example, pho- tographs of the tiny maize cobs, classifi ed as Zea mays ssp. mays, that were found in Guilá Naquitz cave, Oaxaca, by Kent Flannery and his crew in the mid-1960s show parts of the earliest known individual plants that are descended from an ancestral teosinte plant (fi gures 1.2 and 1.3).2 In order for these cobs, which are directly dated to 6,230 cal BP,3 to have existed, not only did the ancient Oaxaqueños living near Guilá Naquitz cave have to have planted individual seeds, but their ancestors and neighbors also had to have planted and harvested teosinte seeds for hundreds of previous generations. We do not know if these particular early Oaxacan maize plants themselves had descendants. After all, their seeds could have been com- pletely consumed by people or animals and not gone on to propagate 17 BBlakelake - 99780520276871.indd780520276871.indd 1717 005/06/155/06/15 99:06:06 PPMM figure 1.1. -
Brochure Iltis.Pdf
Hugh H. Iltis Doctor Honoris Causa 2 El maíz ha sido una de las grandes contribuciones de México al mundo y el Dr. Hugh Iltis es uno de los científicos que con mayor tenacidad ha dedicado su vida a desentrañar los misterios evolutivos del segundo grano de mayor importancia en el planeta. La Universidad de Guadalajara brinda un reconocimiento al trabajo del Dr. Iltis, colaborador nuestro durante tres décadas ininterrumpidas, cuyas aportaciones no sólo representan avances ante los desafíos intelectuales de la investigación básica, sino también en la formación de recursos humanos, y en la aplicación práctica del conocimiento para la conservación de los recursos naturales y alimentarios de un mundo en franco deterioro. Historia personal Hugh H. Iltis nació el 7 de abril de 1925 en Brno, Checoslovaquia. Su padre, el destacado naturista Hugo Iltis, fue profesor de Biología, Botánica y Genética en Brünn Checoslovaquia y profesor de Biología en la Universidad de Virginia. Siendo niño tuvo que migrar a los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica como refugiado cuando su país fue invadido por los nazis. Estimulado por su padre, se interesó en la genética y la botánica, muy pronto se entusiasmó por la Taxonomía y la Evolución de las plantas. Su carrera como botánico inició a muy temprana edad, pues a los 14 años ya había construido su propio herbario, y los ejemplares contaban con sus nombres en latín y descripciones. Estos ejemplares tuvieron que ser vendidos para ayudarse en sus estudios en la Universidad de Tennessee. Al año de haber iniciado en la universidad, tuvo que incorporarse al ejército de los Estados Unidos durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, donde participó como analista de información 3 Hugh H. -
Biogeography and Diversification of Brassicales
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 99 (2016) 204–224 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Biogeography and diversification of Brassicales: A 103 million year tale ⇑ Warren M. Cardinal-McTeague a,1, Kenneth J. Sytsma b, Jocelyn C. Hall a, a Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada b Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA article info abstract Article history: Brassicales is a diverse order perhaps most famous because it houses Brassicaceae and, its premier mem- Received 22 July 2015 ber, Arabidopsis thaliana. This widely distributed and species-rich lineage has been overlooked as a Revised 24 February 2016 promising system to investigate patterns of disjunct distributions and diversification rates. We analyzed Accepted 25 February 2016 plastid and mitochondrial sequence data from five gene regions (>8000 bp) across 151 taxa to: (1) Available online 15 March 2016 produce a chronogram for major lineages in Brassicales, including Brassicaceae and Arabidopsis, based on greater taxon sampling across the order and previously overlooked fossil evidence, (2) examine Keywords: biogeographical ancestral range estimations and disjunct distributions in BioGeoBEARS, and (3) determine Arabidopsis thaliana where shifts in species diversification occur using BAMM. The evolution and radiation of the Brassicales BAMM BEAST began 103 Mya and was linked to a series of inter-continental vicariant, long-distance dispersal, and land BioGeoBEARS bridge migration events. North America appears to be a significant area for early stem lineages in the Brassicaceae order. Shifts to Australia then African are evident at nodes near the core Brassicales, which diverged Cleomaceae 68.5 Mya (HPD = 75.6–62.0). -
Illustrated Flora of East Texas Illustrated Flora of East Texas
ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS IS PUBLISHED WITH THE SUPPORT OF: MAJOR BENEFACTORS: DAVID GIBSON AND WILL CRENSHAW DISCOVERY FUND U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE FOUNDATION (NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, USDA FOREST SERVICE) TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT SCOTT AND STUART GENTLING BENEFACTORS: NEW DOROTHEA L. LEONHARDT FOUNDATION (ANDREA C. HARKINS) TEMPLE-INLAND FOUNDATION SUMMERLEE FOUNDATION AMON G. CARTER FOUNDATION ROBERT J. O’KENNON PEG & BEN KEITH DORA & GORDON SYLVESTER DAVID & SUE NIVENS NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY OF TEXAS DAVID & MARGARET BAMBERGER GORDON MAY & KAREN WILLIAMSON JACOB & TERESE HERSHEY FOUNDATION INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT: AUSTIN COLLEGE BOTANICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TEXAS SID RICHARDSON CAREER DEVELOPMENT FUND OF AUSTIN COLLEGE II OTHER CONTRIBUTORS: ALLDREDGE, LINDA & JACK HOLLEMAN, W.B. PETRUS, ELAINE J. BATTERBAE, SUSAN ROBERTS HOLT, JEAN & DUNCAN PRITCHETT, MARY H. BECK, NELL HUBER, MARY MAUD PRICE, DIANE BECKELMAN, SARA HUDSON, JIM & YONIE PRUESS, WARREN W. BENDER, LYNNE HULTMARK, GORDON & SARAH ROACH, ELIZABETH M. & ALLEN BIBB, NATHAN & BETTIE HUSTON, MELIA ROEBUCK, RICK & VICKI BOSWORTH, TONY JACOBS, BONNIE & LOUIS ROGNLIE, GLORIA & ERIC BOTTONE, LAURA BURKS JAMES, ROI & DEANNA ROUSH, LUCY BROWN, LARRY E. JEFFORDS, RUSSELL M. ROWE, BRIAN BRUSER, III, MR. & MRS. HENRY JOHN, SUE & PHIL ROZELL, JIMMY BURT, HELEN W. JONES, MARY LOU SANDLIN, MIKE CAMPBELL, KATHERINE & CHARLES KAHLE, GAIL SANDLIN, MR. & MRS. WILLIAM CARR, WILLIAM R. KARGES, JOANN SATTERWHITE, BEN CLARY, KAREN KEITH, ELIZABETH & ERIC SCHOENFELD, CARL COCHRAN, JOYCE LANEY, ELEANOR W. SCHULTZE, BETTY DAHLBERG, WALTER G. LAUGHLIN, DR. JAMES E. SCHULZE, PETER & HELEN DALLAS CHAPTER-NPSOT LECHE, BEVERLY SENNHAUSER, KELLY S. DAMEWOOD, LOGAN & ELEANOR LEWIS, PATRICIA SERLING, STEVEN DAMUTH, STEVEN LIGGIO, JOE SHANNON, LEILA HOUSEMAN DAVIS, ELLEN D. -
ROCKY MOUNTAIN BEEPLANT Peritoma (Cleome) Serrulata (Pursh) De Candolle Cleomaceae – Spiderflower Family Nancy L
ROCKY MOUNTAIN BEEPLANT Peritoma (Cleome) serrulata (Pursh) de Candolle Cleomaceae – Spiderflower family Nancy L. Shaw and Corey L. Gucker | 2020 ORGANIZATION NOMENCLATURE Names, subtaxa, chromosome number(s), hybridization. Rocky Mountain beeplant (Peritoma serrulata [Pursh] de Candolle) is a member of the Cleomaceae or spiderflower family (Vanderpool and Iltis 2010) but was formerly placed in Range, habitat, plant associations, elevation, soils. family Capparaceae. The earliest specimen was collected in 1804 by Meriwether Lewis along the Missouri River near Vermillion in Clay County, South Dakota (Reveal et al. 1999). Recent Life form, morphology, distinguishing characteristics, reproduction. molecular work leaves the taxonomic placement of the family, genus, and species in question (see Hall 2008; Iltis et al. 2011; Roalson et al. 2015). Growth rate, successional status, disturbance ecology, importance to NRCS Plant Code. PESE7, CLSE (USDA NRCS animals/people. 2020). Subtaxa. No subspecies or varieties are Current or potential uses in restoration. recognized by the Flora of North America (Vanderpool and Iltis 2010). Welsh et al. (2015), using the synonym Cleome serrulata, recognized two intergrading phases in Utah: C. s. (Pursh) Seed sourcing, wildland seed collection, seed cleaning, storage, var. serrulata, which is widespread and C. s. var. testing and marketing standards. angusta (M. E. Jones) Tidestrom, which occurs only in Utah’s southern counties. Recommendations/guidelines for producing seed. Synonyms. Cleome serrulata Pursh, C. serrulata subsp. angusta (M. E. Jones), Peritoma inornata (Greene) Greene, P. serrulata var. albiflora Cockerell, P. serrulata var. clavata Lunell Recommendations/guidelines for producing planting stock. (Vanderpool and Iltis 2010). Common Names. Rocky Mountain beeplant, a’ pilalu (Zuni name), bee spiderflower, guaco, Navajo Recommendations/guidelines, wildland restoration successes/ spinach, pink cleome, pink bee plant, skunk weed, failures. -
Capparaceae – Caper Family
CAPPARACEAE – CAPER FAMILY Plant: herbs, shrubs and trees and rarely woody vines Stem: Root: Leaves: simple or palmate, alternate; small stipules usually present Flowers: bisexual or unisexual; radially or bilaterally symmetrical; 4 sepals (up to 8); 4 petals (or none to many), often 2 larger than others; 4 stamens (or more); ovary superior, pistil often elevated; 2 carpels (or 4), 1-chambered ovary Fruit: usually a capsule, sometimes a berry or a nut; seeds reniform (kidney- shaped) Other: family not well defined at this time; most common in tropics but some occur in warmer temperate areas (some put Polanisia and Cleome in the Cleomaceae family); Dicotyledons Group Genera: 24+/- genera; locally Polanisia (clammyweed), Cleome (spider flower) – Some assign these plants to the Cleomaceae (Cleome Family) WARNING – family descriptions are only a layman’s guide and should not be used as definitive CAPPARACEAE – CAPER FAMILY Spider Flower [Pink Queen]; Cleome hassleriana Chod. (Introduced) Redwhisker Clammyweed; Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. (Introduced) Spider Flower [Pink Queen] USDA Cleome hassleriana Chod. (Introduced) Capparaceae (Caper Family) Mackinac Island, Mackinac County, Michigan Notes: 4-petaled flower on slender stalks, white to pink, stamens very long; leaves mostly palmate with 5-7 leaflets; stem with sticky hairs; garden escapee; mid to late summer [V Max Brown, 2008] Redwhisker USDA Clammyweed Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. (Introduced) Capparaceae (Caper Family) Maumee Bay State Park, Lucas County, Ohio Notes: 4-petaled flower, white to pink, narrowed at base, notched at top; stamens purplish to red; leaves with 3 leaflets, entire; fruit a pea-like pod; plant hairy; common on shores; bad odor; summer to fall (subspecies present) [V Max Brown, 2006]. -
Land Report the Land Institute ∙ Spring 2011 the Land Institute
LAND REPORT THE LAND INSTITUTE ∙ SPRING 2011 THE LAND INSTITUTE MISSION STATEMENT DIRECTORS When people, land and community are as one, all three members Anne Simpson Byrne prosper; when they relate not as members but as competing inter- Vivian Donnelley Terry Evans ests, all three are exploited. By consulting nature as the source and Pete Ferrell measure of that membership, The Land Institute seeks to develop an Jan Flora agriculture that will save soil from being lost or poisoned, while pro- Wes Jackson moting a community life at once prosperous and enduring. Patrick McLarney Conn Nugent Victoria Ranney OUR WORK Lloyd Schermer Thousands of new perennial grain plants live year-round at The Land John Simpson Institute, prototypes we developed in pursuit of a new agriculture Donald Worster that mimics natural ecosystems. Grown in polycultures, perennial Angus Wright crops require less fertilizer, herbicide and pesticide. Their root sys- tems are massive. They manage water better, exchange nutrients more STAFF e∞ciently and hold soil against the erosion of water and wind. This Scott Bontz strengthens the plants’ resilience to weather extremes, and restores Carrie Carpenter Marty Christians the soil’s capacity to hold carbon. Our aim is to make conservation a Cindy Cox consequence, not a casualty, of agricultural production. Sheila Cox Stan Cox LAND REPORT Lee DeHaan Ti≠any Durr Land Report is published three times a year. issn 1093-1171. The edi- Jerry Glover tor is Scott Bontz. To use material from the magazine, reach him at Adam Gorrell [email protected], or the address or phone number below. -
The Butterfly Plant Arms-Race Escalated by Gene and Genome Duplications
The butterfly plant arms-race escalated by gene and genome duplications Patrick P. Edgera,b,c,1, Hanna M. Heidel-Fischerd,1, Michaël Bekaerte, Jadranka Rotaf, Gernot Glöcknerg,h, Adrian E. Plattsi, David G. Heckeld, Joshua P. Derj,k, Eric K. Wafulaj, Michelle Tanga, Johannes A. Hofbergerl, Ann Smithsonm,n, Jocelyn C. Hallo, Matthieu Blanchettei, Thomas E. Bureaup, Stephen I. Wrightq, Claude W. dePamphilisj, M. Eric Schranzl, Michael S. Barkerb, Gavin C. Conantr,s, Niklas Wahlbergf, Heiko Vogeld, J. Chris Piresa,s,2, and Christopher W. Wheatt,2 aDivision of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211; bDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721; cDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; dDepartment of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; eInstitute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, United Kingdom; fDepartment of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; gLeibniz Institute for Age Research, Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany; hInstitute for Biochemistry I, University of Cologne, 50931 Koeln, Germany; iMcGill Centre for Bioinformatics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0E9; jDepartment of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803; kDepartment of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831; lBiosystematics Group, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6700 -
Flora of North Central Texas Flora of North Central Texas
SHINNERS & MAHLER’S FLOR A OF NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS GEORGE M. DIGGSIGGS,, JJR.. BBARNEY L. LIPSCOMBIPSCOMB ROBERT J. O’KENNON D VEGETATIONAL AREAS OF TEXAS MODIFIED FROM CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF TEXAS (HATCH ET AL. 1990). NEARLY IDENTICAL MAPS HAVE BEEN USED IN NUMEROUS WORKS ON TEXAS INCLUDING GOULD (1962) AND CORRELL AND JOHNSTON (1970). 1 PINEYWOODS 2 GULF PRAIRIES AND MARSHEs 3 POST OAK SAVANNAH 4 BLACKLAND PRAIRIES 5 CROSS TIMBERS AND PRAIRIES 6 SOUTH TEXAS PLAINS 7 EDWARDS PLATEAU 8 ROLLING PLAINS 9 HIGH PLAINS 10 TRANS-PECOS, MOUNTAINS AND BASINS D VEGETATIONAL AREAS OF NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D SHINNERS & MAHLER’S ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS Shinners & Mahler’s ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS IS PUBLISHED WITH THE SUPPORT OF: MAJOR BENEFACTORS: NEW DOROTHEA L. LEONHARDT FOUNDATION (ANDREA C. HARKINS) BASS FOUNDATION ROBERT J. O’KENNON RUTH ANDERSSON MAY MARY G. PALKO AMON G. CARTER FOUNDATION MARGRET M. RIMMER MIKE AND EVA SANDLIN INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT: AUSTIN COLLEGE BOTANICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TEXAS SID RICHARDSON CAREER DEVELOPMENT FUND OF AUSTIN COLLEGE OTHER CONTRIBUTORS: PEG AND BEN KEITH FRIENDS OF HAGERMAN NAT IONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SUMMERLEE FOUNDATION JOHN D. -
Lessons from Cleomaceae, the Sister of Crucifers
Review Lessons from Cleomaceae, the Sister of Crucifers 1,2,3 4 5 1, Soheila Bayat, M. Eric Schranz, Eric H. Roalson, and Jocelyn C. Hall * Cleomaceae is a diverse group well-suited to addressing fundamental genomic Highlights and evolutionary questions as the sister group to Brassicaceae, facilitating As broadening the comparative land- scape becomes increasingly impor- transfer of knowledge from the model Arabidopsis thaliana. Phylogenetic and tant, Cleomaceae emerges as a taxonomic revisions provide a framework for examining the evolution of sub- valuable plant model for groundbreak- ing inquiries that reflect its genomic, stantive morphological and physiology diversity in Cleomaceae, but not nec- morphological, and physiological essarily in Brassicaceae. The investigation of both nested and contrasting diversity, especially when compared whole-genome duplications (WGDs) between Cleomaceae and Brassicaceae to sister family the Brassicaceae. allows comparisons of independently duplicated genes and investigation of Robust phylogenetic hypotheses are whether they may be drivers of the observed innovations. Further, a wealth of indispensable for providing an evolu- outstanding genetic research has provided insight into how the important tionary comparative framework and structure needed for taxonomic revi- alternative carbon fixation pathway, C4 photosynthesis, has evolved via differ- sions that impact on research ranging ential expression of a suite of genes, of which the underlying mechanisms are from genomics to physiology. being elucidated. A genome triplication is a potential driver of floral evolution as well as a powerful Cleomaceae as an Emerging Model to Its Sister Family Brassicaceae system in which to explore the conse- The plant family Cleomaceae presents a fascinating juxtaposition of diversity compared to its quences of increased genome size.