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Spring 1-1-2009

SJSU ERFA News, Early Spring 2009

San Jose State University, Emeritus and Retired Faculty Association

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This Newsletter is brought to you for free and open access by the The SJSU Emeritus and Retired Faculty Association at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Emeritus and Retired Faculty Association (ERFA) Newsletter by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EARLY SPRING 2009 • volume 22, Number 4 EFA

Dwight Bentel on a 1930s visit to the Amargosa Valley. He's changed . . . but not much. See Page 7 for more. A Newsletter of the SanNews Jose State University Emeritus Faculty Association EFA President’s Message The Future of Reading By Don Keesey the Oxford American which, among the entire Library of Congress by (English) other shortcomings, is skimpy on pressing a few buttons. So accept Your friendly booksellers at etymologies. But it’s only a matter the invitation to view the Kindle and Amazon are inviting you to view on of time. you will see the future of reading. the Web a six-minute video touting Of course you’ll have to pay You will also see the death of the second edition of their e-book for your portable library and for the book as we know it. I find reader, the Kindle 2. Unlike its anything else you download from this prospect at once exciting, competitor from Sony, the Kindle Amazon, and at 10 bucks a book depressing, and decidedly doesn’t even pretend to look bemusing. But I can’t decide like a book. Eight by five which muse is chiefly inches and a third of an inch at work. Is it Tragedy or thick, it looks like what it is—a Comedy? Surely Memory tablet. The screen displays has her hand in as well. In a sharp black text against a short, I have mixed feelings. white background and the Those of us who have print size (though not yet the haunted libraries and have contrast) can be adjusted to lived surrounded by books your comfort. If you’re still will have our physical and not comfortable, you can sit mental landscapes seriously back, turn on the sound, and deranged. It is depressing to imagine a world in which have the device read the text Amazon's Kindle to you. This little tablet is able to the physical book has largely store 1,500 e-books and if these this can add up. But meanwhile, disappeared and our great libraries don’t include the text you want at Google and several university have become mausoleums. Yet the moment, you can wirelessly consortia are steadily working certainly they will have no additions. download any of Amazon’s toward their goal of putting all Already everything that gets printed tens of thousands of e-books, printed texts into digital form. I is created first in cyberspace. Very magazines, and newspapers. The have no idea how the economics soon we will just skip the print Kindle also includes a dictionary. of all this will shake out, but I’m phase entirely (Stephen King is This, alas, is not yet the massive convinced the day cannot be far already trying this) and new books and marvelous Oxford English off when you will be able to sit will be printed on paper only at the Dictionary but its anemic cousin, down with your tablet and access behest of wealthy eccentrics like those Renaissance nobles who Friday, Thursday, insisted on elegant handwritten copies even after printed texts May 8, 2009 October 22, 2009 became available. But then, as that example reminds Spring Luncheon at Fall Luncheon at us, the book as we know it hasn’t the Villages. Mariani’s Restaurant, been around forever. What we call Speaker: Santa Clara a book is a gathering of sheets of SJSU President, Jon Whitmore. (Continued on page two) EFA News 2 Early Spring 2009 President’s Message The Future of Reading (Continued from page one) weaving will save a lot of paper, a or webber (masculine), variants of paper sewn or glued to a spine word that goes back to the Ancients’ the more common weaver, who ply and covered with cardboard. But papyrus, the plant they cut into their virtual looms to fabricate the the book the classical world knew strips and then wove into flat sheets World Wide Web. And a wondrous was a roll of velum or papyrus. You on which they wrote their texts. Text web it is. Soon, I predict, you will be would scroll your roll down or up itself, a word long favored among able to prop your tablet before you, and it could be any length judged literary theorists to emphasize the arrange the light and font to your to be convenient. So, for instance, written aspects of language and taste, set your automatic scroll to the 15,000 lines of the Iliad were to foreground the intertextuality or your preferred speed, and—if you divided into 24 rolls or “books,” interwoven features of all discourse, can resist turning over every other one for each letter of the Greek can be traced to an Indo-European word to see what’s underneath— alphabet. This was a great advance root that gives us both the Greek read any text you want, hands free. over the Babylonian clay tablet. techne (art or skill) and the Latin The future of the book is definitely Now we are returning to the tablet texere (generally, to fabricate, dim, but the future of reading looks and, as any computer user knows, technically, to weave). Now it has to be (adjustably) bright. we are again doing a lot of scrolling. again become a verb, and some We already have available at little of us are texting all the time, even or no cost a long roll of digital text. (shudder) while driving. But if our It’s That Time Of Year! Sooner or later all the world’s texts airy texts no longer have the fabric The EFA Executive Board is will be woven into one infinitely of fine papyrus, or even the texture looking for members who might long roll, accessible on your plastic of coarse newsprint, they have be interested in serving with the tablet any time, any place. Again, the advantage that they can be organization. The Board meets it’s only a matter of time. easily woven into that long scroll on campus from 10:00am to We say this as if time were a in cyberspace. (Cyber is also a lot noon, on the first Monday of each small matter. But in this case, of fun—look it up.) This is the task month, except June, July, August matter itself is disappearing. This of the modern webster (feminine) and January. The meetings are casual, dealing primarily with EFA Officers, 2008-2009 maintaining the association President -- Don Keesey and planning events for the Vice Pres. -- Bobbye Gorenberg membership. The offices to be Secretary -- Lonna Smith filled this term are as follows: Vice Treasurer -- Ted Norton President (to serve as President Members at Large -- Bob Gliner in 2010-11); Secretary; an David Schwarz Academic Senate representative; Dennis Wilcox and one Member-at-Large. In Academic Senate -- Peter Buzanski addition, the Nominations Past President -- Charlene Archibeque Committee will recommend to Ex Officio Members the Board appointments to the Membership Wayne Savage Communication Sebastian Cassarino Ex Officio positions listed in the Newsletter Gene Bernardini (Editor) and Clyde Lawrence (Layout/Design) box to the left. If you might like to Consolations David Schwarz be a candidate for any of these Activities Dolores Escobar-Hamilton Archivist Clifford Johnson positions, please email Bobbye ERFA Reps Beverly Jensen Adnan Daoud Gorenberg at drbobbyedg@ Evelyn Neufeld Bob Wilson Webmaster Carol Christensen ERFA yahoo.com for details. Do so by Member-at-Large Dave Elliott the easy-to-remember date of EFA Office April 15. MacQuarrie Hall 438D At the Spring Luncheon, which Telephone (408) 924-2478 doubles as our annual EFA Email [email protected] Business Meeting, a slate of Visit the EFA Website at www.sjsu.edu/emeritusfaculty/ candidates will be recommended Views and opinions expressed in this EFA Newsletter are those of the to the members in attendance. contributors and do not necessarily reflect the position of the editor or of Nominations are also open to the San Jose State University. floor at that time. EFA News Early Spring 2009 3 February’s Academic Senate report By Ted Norton The Senate heard a lengthy if departments disagree with the This was a short meeting. report on the Chancellor’s edict actions of BOGS regarding GE, Although I was entitled to vote as that all classroom materials and they may appeal to the Curriculum the stand-in EFA senator, there instruction-related university and Research Committee. was very little to vote on. Not one websites must be made accessible To deal with the problem of resolution was proposed. to disabled students. Our plan for salary increases for faculty who President Whitmore said he hoped compliance has been approved, have reached the top step of their that the upcoming federal stimulus and real progress has been pay grade, the Senate voted on bill would provide for increases in made. Faculty members are members of a Post-Promotion Pell grant and work-study funds encouraged to attend weekly Increase Appeals Committee. for students and, perhaps, give us Faculty Development workshops In addition, to assist in SJSU’s some money for construction. He and information on instructional attempts to cope with our current also reported that since Provost materials for each college is enrollment problems. the President Carmen Sigler is retiring in May, now available, with personalized proposed four faculty members, to the formation of a Provost search assistance. be approved by the Senate, for an committee has begun and the For some time the faculty has Enrollment Management Advisory search for a Chief Information complained that BOGS had made Group. Officer on campus is underway. GE assessment and re-certification Provost Carmen Sigler reported In the Senate itself, the College of procedures too complex and time- that a search committee to replace Education has lost a Senate seat consuming, and that its decisions incumbent Bob Cooper as AAVP of and the College of Business has were often arbitrary. As a result, Undergraduate Studies had started gained one. a GE Assessment task force its work. Cooper plans to return The Library Board reported that was established last year and it to teaching. She said also that all San Jose city councilman Pete has now announced that those sabbaticals approved this year had Constant was still trying to protect processes have been simplified been funded. children from pornography on and streamlined and will be I voted twice, once to approve library computers, and that they geared to the five-year, program- the Minutes; once to approve the were watching him closely. planning cycle. Going forward, Enrollment Management nominees. Good news from the Academic Senate in March By Peter Buzanski that the National Collegiate 2009, no SJSU team is below 925. It was somewhat surprising in this Athletics Association (NCAA) in The exact number, now known to time of economic crisis to be given 2003 imposed stricter standards the Campus Athletics Board, may good news in the March Academic for Division I-A institutions than not be revealed until the NCAA Senate meeting, but that is what had been the case previously. announcement on May 7, but the dominated the session. Under those revised standards, Board basked in its glory, telling the First, President Jon Whitmore told points are awarded for higher Senate that we will all be proud on us of his trip to Washington, D.C. eligibility requirements, for May 7. the previous week, where he was academic achievement within Yet another piece of positive informed of the various funds for a narrow time frame, and for news was the announcement that higher education included in the improved retention and graduation the one- night fund raiser, Beach Congressional stimulus package. rates. The system is very complex Blanket Babylon, was successful. Pell grants are being increased for but NCAA requires that each The performance, in memory of the next two years, along with more athletic category maintain a 925 Steve Silver, the SJSU graduate money for work-study programs. point minimum. Any number short who founded the comedy routine in Loan funds, called Stafford grants, of that results in sanctions which San Francisco, resulted in the Fox will aid more low income students include loss of scholarships, plus Theatre being sold out, with1200 and additional funds for research, penalties that may negatively people in attendance. All funds based on peer grant reviews, are affect a university’s win-loss went to the Alumni Association also in the law. records, and jeopardize its post- for scholarships and other worthy Additional good news was season play-off or bowl games. causes. About $50,000 was raised contained in the Campus Athletics In 2003, SJSU was far below 925 by that one performance. Board report. The Senate learned points in most sports. In 2008- EFA 4 Early SpringNews 2009 Remembrance of Things Past Sharing memories with our members . . . The Anzio Invasion: By Lawrence Pugno BAD TO WORSE. Over the next he was being made a scapegoat, (Secondary Education) ten days the Germans were able or was overly-cautious, or Last September, I spent two weeks to move some 9 Divisions into incompetent. exploring the hill towns of Umbria the Alban Hills a short distance After the first few days, we settled with my traveling companion, Pat. from the beachhead and, with into a pattern that lasted until May, On our way back to Rome for the an unobstructed flight home, we decided to visit the view, could begin nearby town of Anzio which, in early raining artillery fire 1944, had taken up three months on the Allied forces of my life. When I had last seen it, there. Securing the the town was completely destroyed. landing zone and My visit brought back old memories. unloading under I first landed there, 35 miles south those circumstances of Rome, on January 22, 1944, in was stressful, to say the darkness of 0200 hours. Our the least. Soldiers, invasion, called Operation Shingle, nurses and cooks was designed to open another front were under constant behind the German Gustav Line bombardment. The which lay farther to the south. I was Germans brought the Junior Officer on a US Navy in “Anzio Annie,” Landing Ship Tank (LST 383). Ours a huge railway- was the first ship into the beach mounted gun that at Nettuno, a short distance from could lob massive Anzio. Our task was to land men shells onto the ships and equipment, and to put down from 20 miles away. pontoons which would become Operation Shingle platforms to serve as “floating proved very costly. docks” for later ships to use for It settled into a unloading cargo. three-month- Being on the first ship was nerve- long stalemate, A wartime map of the Anzio area showing the wracking. If the Germans had with the Allies coastline and inland areas where German and Al- known of our plans, we could have unable to break lied troops battled for several months. suffered devastating fire from their out and German counterattacks guns. Fortunately, we met no when a breakout to Rome was unable to dislodge them. The Allied opposition. At that time of morning finally successful. Our routine was commander, Major General John it was quiet and peaceful, and to spend a day or two loading in Lucas, was severely criticized by before the day was done we had Naples, then making the short run Winston Churchill, among others, landed 37,000 troops and more to Anzio, unloading as quickly as for the failure of the invasion. These than 5000 vehicles. I recall walking possible, and returning to Naples. critics thought the road to Rome peacefully along the nearby beach It became a schizoid life, since could have been traversed in the famous in Roman history as the site the time in Naples often included first few days after the landing, of Emperor Nero’s summer palace. opera and USO entertainment. At before the Germans were able By the time our ship went back day's end, we would change from strengthen their defenses and to Naples to restock and return to our grungy khakis into dress blue launch counterattacks. Lucas Anzio two days later, the Germans uniforms to spend our evenings at himself maintained that he had had begun to respond with air raids either the USO or British officers’ insufficient men and supplies to that bombed the arriving ships. clubs. (I recall seeing Irving Berlin, From that day on, for the next three support a hurried push to Rome. (Continued on page five) months, THINGS WENT FROM Historians disagree on whether EFA NewsEarly Spring 2009 5 Remembrance of Things Past Sharing memories with our members . . . An Eyewitness Account (Continued from page four) contrast to ours. One prisoner died The disaster was kept secret and singing his many popular song hits.) a day or so after he disembarked, the loss of supplies had a negative In the three months bringing and because he died of typhus, we impact on military operations. supplies to Anzio, we carried a were quarantined for a week or so The second disaster was a wide variety of cargo. Besides afterward—a nice reprieve from rehearsal, or practice invasion, of soldiers, tanks, equipment, trucks trips to Anzio. Anzio, which took place at Salerno and ammunition, we often loaded I should mention two disasters that on January 17-18, ’44. It was a exceptional items. Once, we preceded the invasion of Anzio that fiasco. General Lucian Truscott’s brought on dozens of donkeys were not publicized by the military, critical report stated, “No single needed by the Army to carry and were unknown to the American element landed . . . on its correct supplies into the Italian mountains, public. The first took place on Dec. beach.” The loss of life contrasted sharply with the absence of losses suffered in the actual invasion a few days later. I witnessed some of those losses. Our ship carried several DUKWs (pronounced Ducks), large amphibious vessels that carried army personnel and their 105 Howitzers. They were launched from our lower deck through the open bow doors. It was horrible to see these DUKWs launch and then be swamped in the choppy waters within a hundred yards or so. Too many soldiers were burdened with equipment and ammunition to save themselves. Our own ship launched three or four DUKWs that sunk, out of a total of 40 lost during the practice. Despite these bad omens, Operation Shingle went forward. The Germans brought in "Anzio Annie," a huge gun mounted on a With each trip, along with the railway car. mounting casualties, I witnessed impossible to traverse with 2, ’43—an unexpected German the gradual, total destruction of motorized equipment. We even air assault on the Allied-occupied Anzio. After three months our had railroad tracks laid in our lower port of Bari, Italy. Considered safe service on the beachhead finally deck one time so we could transport behind enemy lines, some 30 Allied came to an end. Our ship was a couple of locomotives to Anzio. supply ships—one of which carried recalled just a few days before Transporting nurses often lifted our mustard gas—were attacked the Allies were able to move on youthful spirits. Bringing prisoners by German JU-88 bombers in a Rome. We received orders to form of war back to Naples also devastating raid rivaling that of a convoy of ships and move from permitted us to discuss the war with Pearl Harbor. The ship with the the Mediterranean to Southern enemy officers who ate with us in mustard gas was hit, releasing England, where we would make the officer’s mess. German officers poison gas over the harbor and city. ready for the invasion of Normandy. were mostly fluent in English and Estimates of the deaths vary from But that is another story. expressed views of the war in sharp a few hundred to several thousand. In Memoriam

EFA

6 Early SpringNews 2009 Special News from and about our members. Edited by Gene Bernardini ChatThis edition contains Room news about travels and activities. . taken . from the membership renewal forms. Members are invited to send additional news about themselves to Gene Bernardini at [email protected] or by snail mail at 775 Seawood Way, San Jose CA 95120.

• Jack Crane (Dean, Humanities & early last year in Red Bluff, CA. Say Die,” he says. Arts, ’98) has just finished writing a She felt good enough to go dancing • Ken McKay (Meteorology, 2000) novel on “the greatest non-military aboard a scheduled Alaskan cruise has been serving as Assoc. Dean disaster in US history before 9/11”— in July with her husband Garry and of the College of Tai Chi at the the fire on board the steamship good friends Henry and Beverly University of East-West Medicine, General Slocum, in New York City’s Robinson and Billie Cockrell. The in Sunnyvale, CA. The school East River on June 15, 1904, which Maedas currently live in Hawaii, offers courses leading to a Masters claimed 1200 lives. and say “Aloha” to all. of Tai Chi degree. It is approved by • Jack Holland (Business, ’79) is • Milton Loventhal (Library, the State of California and, to Ken’s currently residing in an Assisted ’92) continues his work with knowledge, is the only academic Living Facility after suffering a Soviet secret documents. He is degree in Tai Chi offered anywhere. stroke two-and-a-half years ago. currently awaiting publication in • Jerry Vroom (Intercollegiate • Marjorie Craig (Counseling, ’92) the journal, Canadian American Athletics, ’84) is developing golf returned to Mombasa, Kenya, last Slavic Studies, of an article on instruction in Japan. June to continue health and hygiene one of his more exciting finds—a • Peter Buzanski (History, ’96) and work with children. Her team has document he authenticated, which his wife, Colleen, took a three-week taught students at three schools, clearly implicates Stalin in the trip to Madrid, Majorca, Barcelona, built hand-washing stations, assassination of potential rival, and Andorra last summer. In Spain, provided food, and enjoyed the Sergei Kirov, in 1934. He and his they visited the Pyrite mine near children’s enthusiasm for learning. wife, Dr. Jennifer McDowell, have Navajun. Colleen is a gemologist She is looking for volunteers for collaborated on a book-length and wanted to visit this mine, the this coming July. “It’s a wonderful manuscript which is ready for only one in the entire world that experience,” she says. publication, entitled Honor Won, yields its crystals in perfect cube • Virginia Patterson Maeda (widow Honor Lost: Top Secret Soviet form. of H. Robert Patterson, Biological Foreign Policy Documents That • Julie Menendez (Physical Sciences, ’82) has recovered nicely Hitler Used. He has been working Education) has been suffering from from a complete knee replacement on this project for 53 years. “Never Alzheimer’s disease for some time and is currently being cared for at the Covenant Care facility in Gilroy. His wife, Doris, says he sleeps a lot, is in a wheelchair, and has difficulty speaking now. In Memoriam • Duilio Peruzzi (Geography, ’93) • Wilfred (Fred) Iltis death in 2004. Fred was hired to spent ten days in Florence, Italy, as (Biology,”88) died last December teach in the Biology Department part of a delegation representing 11, ’08. A memorial service was at SJSU in the 1960s. Along Santa Clara County, a sister county held for him in late January. with an early two-year stint to the Province of Florence. Its Fred was born in 1923, in Brno, teaching in the experimental purpose was to prepare for the Czechoslovakia, to Anni and Tutorials Program, he remained exhibition, “Engineers of the Hugo Iltis. His father was a in Biology until he retired in 1988. Renaissance and Leonardo Da biologist, like Fred, and an author His research focus was on the Vinci,” hosted by the San Jose Tech of anti-Nazi books. When the biosystematics and life cycle Museum this past year. After that, Nazis threatened to invade in of the mosquito. Fred enjoyed he travelled to his home town of 1938, Fred’s family fled to the playing the guitar in his younger Cortona where he lectured on his United States. He served in the days and was an exceptional doctoral dissertation and displayed South Pacific with the US Army photographer in his later years. his collection of photographs during WW II. After the war He is survived by his brother, showing agricultural techniques in he went on to earn his Ph.D in Hugh Iltis, professor emeritus that area from over 50 years ago. entomology at UC Davis. He of botany at the University of He returned to Italy later in the married Julia, a graphic artist, Wisconsin-Madison, and several summer to visit his family home with in 1948. She preceded him in nephews. his son, daughter-in-law and twin grandchildren. In Memoriam

EFA News Early Spring 2009 7 Dwight Bentel’s centennial birthday By Gene Bernardini (Editor) Just two things: good genes and But how about good living? On the EFA renewal form, which good living. First, it’s important “Longevity is something you have asks members for personal news to inherit the right genes. “If your to earn the hard way,” he said, and activities, Dwight Bentel wrote, father lived to be 85, you’re on the “and you better not wait too long to “I’ll be a hundred years old this right track,” he said. “My brother, start.” So what has he done to earn April.” Nothing more. a survivor of Pearl Harbor, is now his long life? Exercise, maybe? A simple declaration of “No,” he said flatly. “What fact. Surely, such an event about diet? What do you for a man whose name eat for breakfast?” “Just graces the SJSU journalism oatmeal or cold cereal.” As building deserves for the rest of his day, he recognition. I called to had nothing specific to offer. ask him about it. He said Didn’t sound as if he was he thought the University working very hard at it. And was planning some sort of then he volunteered, “before acknowledgement, though bedtime, I have a little red he wasn’t sure what. (In wine—with a small bracer— fact, a birthday celebration maybe vodka.” He conceded for him will take place on that if you avoid alcohol, campus, on April 23, called which he poetically referred “A Night for Dwight, 100 to as “the bubbling bottle and Years in Black and White.” the sparkling glass,” it might Dwight Bentel today For details see http://bentel100. add to your longevity. “But,” (See him on Page 1 on one of his many treks ning.com.) he quickly added, “are you into the desert to photograph nature.) I told him I thought his EFA really willing to pay such a colleagues might be interested 103, and like me eats pretty much price?” Apparently he is not. to know the secret of his longevity. what he darn well pleases.” Good So there it is: good genes and good It turns out there’s no big secret. genes are obviously important. living—in the Bentel manner. The State of the Arts By John K. Crane, Dean Emeritus attraction in an open-air theater that especially intense, you could freeze When I moved to Santa Fe, NM, runs for ten weeks and intersperses your butt off. permanently in 2005, I was ready But the other arts were failing to wallow in the arts. Santa Fe for lack of donations. The Santa was the second-largest arts center Fe Symphony had reduced its in the nation, second only to New 12 performances a year to ten, York City, though it has since fallen then to eight and in 2009-10 may behind Los Angeles. I thought have to go to six. I offered to pay I would be welcomed, given my for the performance of Sylvia experience with all the arts in San Kersenbaum, a blind pianist who Jose. Also, I grew up with the is still considered the master of actress Marsha Mason, so I had a Tchaikovsky’s Second Piano contact here to get me “in.” Alas, Concerto. But the Symphony could there were 50,000 here with my not come up with enough money experience, and Marsha had totally to pay the 70 other musicians who forgotten about me. would back her up. Nor, probably, That’s beside the point. The arts, could they afford to rent the Lensic always struggling, in this economy Santa Fe Art Institute at the Performing Arts Center. have fallen on especially hard Visual Arts Center Next I tried to aid the New times. The only one that seems Mexico Symphony Orchestra, to be doing well is the Santa Fe performances of five different which performs in Albuquerque. Opera, a summer tourist-season operas. When it rains or the wind is (Continued on page eight) EFA

8 Early SpringNews 2009 The State of the Arts (Continued from page seven) it. (Having just written a novel, this the arts lagniappe rather than They were having a mid-season concerns me.) Restaurants, some necessities. Can you imagine “Beethoven Festival.” So, through of the best in the world, are fighting France, Italy, or even Russia my friend Dana Winograd, principal their own high prices (typical) thinking in such a way? The cellist who plays in both orchestras, and the higher price of gasoline arts thrived under Czar Nicholas I offered them the services of the (atypical). II—Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Chekhov, SJSU Beethoven Center. The Now before you all cancel your the Bolshoi Ballet, Tchaikovsky, NMSO wrestled with this for a summer visits to Santa Fe, please Rachmaninov, Rimsky-Korsakov— while, then decided they could not know that we want you. Do we but unfortunately the czar and his afford the Center, though they had ever! But I am writing about the whole family were assassinated in all heard of it and respected it. No state of the arts in America, not 1918. dice. only in Santa Fe. I’ve heard the My request is that you donate to There are many art galleries in U. S. Budget allocates more to the and attend the arts in San Jose. Santa Fe—I count over a hundred- Marine Corps Band than to the Mayors Tom McEnery and Susan -and other than the famous ones— National Endowment for the Arts, at Hammer were of great assistance The Georgia O’Keefe Gallery, for least under the last administration to me during the ten years I was example—they are all selling less and the current one has been left Dean. Obviously educators and art these days than before and deeply in debt by that one. Things people who are “loaded” (not some are closing down. There are not likely to improve for quite a educators) are going to have to are at least two dozen well-known while. rescue the arts in this country for bookstores here, specialized ones, The problem is that the majority the foreseeable future. and most are trying to make a go of Americans seem to consider

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