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Ovid's Fasti, Livy and the History of Rome from Romulus to the Gallic

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Ovid's Fasti, Livy and the History of Rome from Romulus to the Gallic Ovid’s Fasti, Livy and the History of Rome from Romulus to the Gallic Siege A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2017 Liz Chandler School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Table of Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 5 Declaration .................................................................................................................. 6 Copyright Statement .................................................................................................. .7 Abbreviations, Editions, and Modes of Reference ..................................................... 8 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... 10 CHAPTER ONE: General Introduction .................................................................... 11 Ovid and Livy ........................................................................................................... 11 The rape of Lucretia .................................................................................................. 15 Dominant themes ...................................................................................................... 22 Ovid’s ‘history of Rome’ .......................................................................................... 23 The Fasti’s unconventional presentation of Rome’s history .................................. 28 Ovid and Livy ........................................................................................................... 34 CHAPTER TWO: Methodology ............................................................................... 35 The sources ............................................................................................................... 35 Intertextuality ............................................................................................................ 39 Genre ......................................................................................................................... 41 Ovid’s plebeian theme .............................................................................................. 42 CHAPTER THREE: Romulus and Remus ............................................................... 46 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 46 Ovid’s narration of the lives of Romulus and Remus ............................................... 49 The sources ............................................................................................................... 51 Ovid and Livy ........................................................................................................... 52 The birth and abandonment of Romulus and Remus ................................................ 59 Romulus and Remus as young adults ....................................................................... 69 The founding of the city and the death of Remus ..................................................... 75 CHAPTER FOUR: Numa ......................................................................................... 89 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 89 PART ONE ................................................................................................................ 91 Ovid’s narration of Numa ......................................................................................... 91 The sources ............................................................................................................... 92 Ovid and Livy ........................................................................................................... 93 Numa’s virtues ....................................................................................................... 95 2 Numa’s expiation of Jupiter Elicius’ thunderbolts ................................................ 99 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 102 PART TWO.............................................................................................................. 102 Ovid’s dialogue with Livy ...................................................................................... 102 Romulus and Mars .................................................................................................. 105 Romulus and Numa .............................................................................................. 109 Livy’s dyad ............................................................................................................. 114 CHAPTER FIVE: Servius ...................................................................................... 120 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 120 Ovid’s narration of Servius Tullius ......................................................................... 122 The Sources ............................................................................................................. 123 Ovid’s engagement with Livy ................................................................................. 125 Livy and Dionysius ................................................................................................. 129 Comparison of Livy and Dionysius ...................................................................... 132 Ovid and Livy ......................................................................................................... 136 CHAPTER SIX: The early Republic in the Fasti and Livy .................................... 144 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 144 PART ONE: ANNA PERENNA AND THE PLEBEIAN SECESSION TO THE SACRED MOUNT………………………………………………………………………………………………145 The Sources ............................................................................................................. 145 Ovid’s narration of Anna Perenna .......................................................................... 147 Livy, Ovid and the Fasti’s ‘rustic’-‘plebeian’ theme ............................................. 148 Ovid and Livy ......................................................................................................... 149 PART TWO: THE FABII AT THE BATTLE OF CREMERA .................................. 154 The Sources ............................................................................................................. 154 Ovid’s narration of the Fabii and the battle at Cremera .......................................... 154 Ovid’s intertextual relationship with Livy .............................................................. 155 Ovid’s plebeian theme ............................................................................................ 157 PART THREE: THE GALLIC SIEGE ..................................................................... 161 The Sources ............................................................................................................. 161 Ovid’s narration of the Gallic siege ........................................................................ 162 Ovid’s engagement with Livy ................................................................................. 163 Ovid’s plebeian theme ............................................................................................ 167 3 CHAPTER SEVEN: Ovid, Livy and the History of Rome: Directions for Future Research…………………………………………………………………………...171 Exile and Return of the flute-players ...................................................................... 173 Flora ........................................................................................................................ 175 Magna Mater ........................................................................................................... 176 The Caesars ............................................................................................................. 177 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 178 CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................... 179 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................... 181 79,980 words 4 Abstract Ovid’s Fasti has been the subject of renewed interest over the past few decades. However, analysis has often been limited to the exploration of a number of well-established themes and emphases such as genre, intertextuality and Augustan discourse. The study of ‘history’ in the Fasti has been largely neglected. This thesis will attempt to establish that ‘history’ is generally more important in the poem than previously appreciated. Within the category of history, Ovid’s relationship with Livy is particularly significant: it is only through the poet’s engagement with the historian that the full extent of the historiographical significance of some passages in the Fasti can be gauged. While a relationship between Ovid and Livy is – to a certain extent – already recognised, it has been the subject of few, if any, systematic investigations in recent
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