Bangladesh Experience on Airport Wildlife Hazards and Mitigation Processes. Singapore Aviation Academy - 15 May 2014 What is wildlife?

Wild lives are living being (except people) and especially mammals, birds and fishes that are neither human nor domesticated .

2 CAAB Objective

To acquaint Aviation personnel with -  the problems of wildlife at airports affecting the safety of aircraft operations and  the measures used to control wildlife hazards

3 CAAB Goals To develop an appreciation for and familiarity with ICAO provisions relating to bird strike and wildlife hazard reduction, To recognise hazardous wildlife attractants on or near airports, To increase familiarity with wildlife control strategies and techniques, To evaluate existing airport wildlife hazard management programmes, and To develop and commence implementation of an appropriate airport wildlife control programme.

4 Achievement Targets

 To ensure safe , orderly and expeditious flow of air traffic  To make skies safer for birds and aircraft alike.  To keep rate of Wildlife strike at the minimum.

5 ABSTRACT Wildlife strikes are world wide phenomena resulting in –  disruptions to airport operations,  inconvenience to passengers,  danger to travelling public and  costly to all concerned.

6 Airports in

SAIDPUR

OIA SYLHET RAJSHAHI

HSIA DHAKA

JESSORE

BARISA L Shah Amanat CHITTAGONG

COX’S BAZAR

International

Domestic

7 Airports in Bangladesh International Airports  Hazrat Shahjalal Intl. Airport, Dhaka  Shah Amanat Intl. Airport, Chittagong.  Osmanay Intl. Airport, Sylhet Domestic Airports   Shah Makdum Airport, Rajshahi   Barisal Airport  Cox's Bazar Airport  Ishurdi Airport 8 Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport(Certified) DHAKA

9 Shah Amanat International Airport (Certified),CHITTAGONG Osmani International Airport SYLHET( Uncertified) Wild Life in Bangladesh

KITE EAGLE

DUCK DOVE 12 Wild Life in Bangladesh

OWL KITE

PIEGON STARK STARK 13 Wild Lives in Bangladesh

EAGLE EAGLE VULTURE

14 Wild Life in Bangladesh

ALBATROSS DUCK

STARK PIEGON 15 Wild Lives in Bangladesh

DUCK EAGLE

KITE EAGLE 16 Predominantly Aerial Birds

Jungle Crow House Crow Spotted Dove Soaring – Birds; Scavenging Raptors

Pariah Kite White-rumped Vulture Wild Life in Bangladesh

DOVE

EAGLE

STARK

19 Wild Life in Bangladesh

20 Wild Life in Bangladesh

Migrated Birds

DUCK 21 HABITAT/ WILDLIFE ATTRACTANT

Major Wildlife Attractants

 Waste disposal operations  Water management facilities  Wetlands  Dredge Spoil containment areas  Agricultural activities  Golf Courses  Landscaping

22 Habitat / Wildlife Attractant

Minor Wildlife Attractants

 Fast food restaurants  Taxicab staging areas  Rental car facilities  Aircraft viewing areas  Public parks

23 Wildlife Attractants Food – Cover – Water – Travel Corridor

24 Bird Attractant Inside the Airport Attractant near the Airport

26 Habitat

27 Growing grass

28 Poor Drainage system

29 Attractant

30 Attractant

31 Garbage Dumps

32 Flying Birds near the airfield

33 Why Should We Be Concerned?  Adaptation of wildlife to urban settings  Increasing air traffic  Faster, quieter 2-engine jet aircraft  Increased aerodrome liability issues associated with bird strikes and wildlife hazards.  Increasing populations of many species hazardous to aviation

34 A wildlife strike is identified when:  A pilot reports striking 1 or more birds or other wildlife;  Aircraft maintenance personnel identify aircraft damage as having been caused by a wildlife strike  Personnel on the ground report seeing an aircraft strikes 1 or more birds or other wildlife;  Bird or other wildlife remains, whether in whole or in part, are found within 60m of a

runway centerline. 35 Impact of Bird strike to aircraft Bird strikes are extremely expensive to modern aircraft operators. The associated costs include: down-time for inspection  repair following bird strike damage, rescheduling of flights, transfer of passengers via alternative means of transport overnight accommodation.

36 Impact of Bird strike to aircraft Bird strikes can cause  significant damage to aircraft  a dangerous loss of power when the birds are pulled into jet engines.  during take-off or initial climbing phase the associated impacts and losses in power is very dangerous .  The results can be catastrophic. We must remember that any bird is a potential hazard to an aircraft .

37 Bird Strike to aircraft

38 Bird Strike to aircraft

Bird Strike on BIMAN’s B737-800 Aircraft 39 Bird strike damage…..

40 Bird strike damage…..

Video on Bird Strike Hudson River Accident Mitigation Process of Wildlife Strike in Bangladesh CAAB has protected all Aerodromes and airside area -  By fencing/wall  Grading Runway Side Strip & RESA  Improving water drainage system  Removing garbage dumping from inside and around the Aerodrome  Periodical grass cutting by man and machine.  Cutting and Trimming trees inside and near the Aerodrome

42 Mitigation Processes

 Removed all fish firms from within and near the Aerodrome.  Removed Poultry firms around the Aerodrome.  Stopped all kinds of vegetation from the airside area.  Removed all Habitat/Attractant from the airside area.

43 Mitigation process of Wildlife Strike in Bangladesh  Cleaning/Sweeping Movement area periodically.  Using Mechanical Sweeper and manual labor.  Deploying Bird Shooter.  Increased inspection by the Aerodrome Safety Officer.  Inspection and monitoring by Aerodrome Inspectors as per approved schedule . Mitigation Process of Wildlife Strike in Bangladesh.  Installed Laser based Bird deterrent equipment  Installed Acoustic Bird deterrent equipment  Activated Airport Bird Control Committee.  National Bird Control Committee is monitoring. 45 Discussion with Airport Senior Management

46 Taxiway-N

47 Taxiway-H

48 Taxiway - S

49 Graded Runway side strip

50 Runway

51 Graded Runway side strip

52 Graded Runway side strip

53 Paved Drainage System

54 Paved Drainage System

55 Fencing

56 Airport Peripheral Wall

57 Laser Based Bird Deterrent Equipment

58 Bird Shooter Working

59 Bird Strike Data 2010-2014

60 Recommendations CAA, Bangladesh recommends the following:  Activate the Airport Bird Control Committee responsible for the overall management of a bird reduction program;  Airport Bird Control Committee shall take necessary management measures of the habitat on and in the vicinity of the aerodromes to make it less attractive to the birds;  Committee shall take effective dispersal measures;  Committee shall remove attractions to birds i.e.

food, nesting and resting places; 61 Recommendations  Committee shall remove the presence of refuse dumps in the vicinity of Aerodrome.  Committee shall encourage aircraft operators to provide aerodrome authorities with reports on bird strike incidents involving their aircraft.  Arrange to submit Bird Strike Reports to ICAO for the IBIS Programme.  Ensure information about the presence of birds is available to pilots.  Ensure effective land use management surrounding the airport  Create a Bird strike data base.  Create effective public awareness about wild life strike

through City Corporation, Electronic and Print media. 62 CONCLUSION

Wildlife strike problem cannot be stopped or eliminated by a single organization. But it is possible to reduce to an acceptable level through collective efforts. Good co-operation and effective coordination is required from all concerned and stake holders to ensure safe, orderly and expeditious flow of air traffic.

63 Civil Aviation Authority, Bangladesh 64 65