CONTRIBUTIONS

FROM THE CUSHMAN FOUNDATION

FOR FORAMINIFERAL RESEARCH

VOLUME XVII, Part 1 January, 1966

Contents PAGE No. 312. Planktonic from the Type - of France D. Graham Jenkins ...... 1 No. 313 . Foraminifera from the Cretaceous Carlile Shale of Colorado Don L. Eicher 16 Corrections ...... _ ...... 32 Recent Literature on the Foraminifera Ruth Todd ...... 33

1966 X):"\TR IBUTIONS FROM THE CUSHMAN FOUNDATION F OR F ORA1o.IIN IFERAL R E SEARCH 1

CONTRffiUTIONS FROM THE CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FOR FORAMINIFERAL RESEARCH VOLUME XVII, PART 1, JAN UA RY , 1966 312. PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA FROM THE TYPE AQUITANIAN-BURDIGALIAN OF FRANCE D. GRAHAM J EN KINS New Zealand Geological Survey, Lower Hut!, New Zealand

AB STRACT ited in the collections of tbe Bureau de Recherches A systematic account, Illustrations and a range chart Geologiques et Minieres, Paris, France. 30 species and subspecies of the pla nktonic Foraminif- "'=-a . Including one new species from the type Aquitanlan- rd igall a n rocks, are given. The avail able data o n the ACKNOWLEDGMENTS r-a tigraphic ranges of the pla nktonic Foraminife ra sug- The writer wi shes to thank the following mem- tha t the Oligocene-Miocene boundary s hould be placed bers of the New Zealand Geological Survey: Mr. the G . opima. olJima Zone a nd the G. cil)erOensis N. de B. Hornibrook for critically reading the orig- Zone and that the Aquitanian-Burdigalian inal manuscript and for making valuable sugges- is bet ween the G. kuglerl Zone a nd the C. dls- _- Ui s Zone of Trinidad. Globigerinoltles bisphericus Todd tions; Mr. R. C. Brazier who made the original later taxa of the Orbulina unh'ersa lineage we re not drawings for Plate 1 and 2; and Mr. N. Beatus ! -nd In the tyre Aquitanian-Burdigalian samples exam - for producing a good photograph of a population .=ed. This is s upporting evidence for the records of the of G lobigerinoides fri/obus (Reuss) . ....=...; tial appearance of Orbulina. uninrsa d'Orbigny in the rocks of Europe. A new s pecies. Glo- " rot.allii. snginatn. Jenkins, Is descri bed. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS The form of classification followed in this paper INTRODUCTION is similar to that produced by Reiss (1963), with A preliminary account of the type Aquitanian- the exception of Cassigeriflella which he placed in Burdigalian planktonic Foraminifera was recently tbe Family Globigerillidae. published by the writer (Jenkins, 1964a). Details of the localities of the 8 samples kindly provided Family CASSIDULINIDAE d'Orbigny, 1839 Sub-famly CASSIDULININAE d'Orbigny, 1839 y Mlle. Sourdillon and a preliminary list of the species obtained from the samples were given. The Genus Cassigerinella Pokorny, 1955 _es and locations were given in the section on Cassigerinella chipolensis (Cushman and Ponton) Sample Localities (Jenkins, ibid.) but unfortunately Plate 1, figures la, Ib 5 (GT 125 ) from Le Coquillat of Lower Cassidulilla chipoleflsis CUSHMAN and PONTON, Burdigalian age was wrongly placed in the Table 1 1932, Florida Geol. Surv. Bull. 9, p. 98, pI. der the heading Upper Aquitanian, and the Up- 15, fig. 2a-c. p"r Burdigalian sample 6 (GT 136a) was wrongly Cassigerillella boudecensis POKORN Y, 1955, Vestnfk, aced under the Lower Burdigalian column. Ustred. Us!. Geol. vol. 30, pp. 136-140, text- The first part of this paper gives a detailed sys- fig. 1-3 . account of the species and subspecies of Cassigerinella chipoleflsis (Cushman and Ponton), ;ian ktonic Foraminifera obtained from the sam- BOLLI, 1957, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 215, p. 108, es, including a further 8 species and subspecies pI. 22, fig . 3a-c; HOFKER, 1963 , Micropaleon- ...-ttich have been found on repicking the samples. tology, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 321-324, pI. 1; JEN- .-\11 of the taxa have been illustrated (Plates 1-3 ) KI NS, 1964, Cushman Found. Foram. Res . and a range chart is provided on which the actual Contr., vol. 15, p!. 1, p. 29 , Table 1. um bers of specimens of each taxon and their test Figured specimell.-The figured specimen ob- ;:oiling ratios in each sample is recorded (Table 1) . tained from the type Upper Aquitanian sample No. In the second part of this paper the correlation of 4 (GY 184b) ; greatest di ameter 0.16 mm. Oe Aquitanian-Burdigalian type pl anktonic forami- Remarks.-Bolli, Loeblich and Tappan (1957) 'feral faunas is discussed. This has a direct bear- erected the sub-family Cassigerillellillae of the fam- I! on three main topics: (a) the positioning of the ily Hanfkenillidae to accommodate the genus Cas- Oligocene-Miocene boundary by means of plank- sigerillella, and Reiss ( 1963) also followed this tonic Foraminifera; (b) the Aquitani an-Burdigalian form of classification. The writer agrees, however, Siage boundary; and (c) the entry of O. ulliversa in with the conclusions of Hofker (1963a) who has die European Tertiary. A correlation of Bolli's Trin- pointed out that Cassigerillella is better pl aced in idad zones with the type Aquitanian-Burdigali an the Famil y Cassidlllillidae on aperture characteris- Siages is aJso discussed. tics and wall structure. The types and figured specimens have been depos- The writer has obtained type specimens of C. TABLE I-Range chart of 30 species and subspecies of planktonic Foraminifera obtained from N 7 type Aquitanian-Burdigalian samples and 1 Helvetian (?) sample from southwestern France. Series Miocene Aquitanian Burdigalian Helvetian(?) Stages Lower Upper Lower Upper GV 180a GV 182a GV 183a GV 184b GT 125 GT 136a GT 183b GT 130 Planktonic Foraminifera Sample numbers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sinistral/ Dextral Coiling SID SID SID SID SID SID SID SID Clobigerina woodi woodi Jenkins 2/ 0 5/0 32/23 7/ 6 50/ 21 95 / 31 181 / 61 130/ 44 continuosa Blow ?2/ 0 10/9 2/ 3 11 /9 7/ 12 ?5/ 2 G lobigerilla ciperoellsis angustiumbilicata Bolli 0/ 1 10/ 5 83 / 61 21 / 6 54/ 51 47 / 24 137/127 I 94/ 58 Globigerina sp. 1/ 2 Globigerilla praebulloides Blow 5/ 0 31 / 17 3/ 3 14/7 10/11 66/ 34 22 /28 Globigerilla ciperoellsis ciperoellsis Bolli 2/0 ?2/ 0 '"'l'l G lobigerilla ju vellilis Bolli 2/ 1 10/ 4 · 12/4 2/ 2 2/7 5/7 3/ 6 Z 1': Globorotalia semivera (Hornibrook) 1/ 1 4/7 1/ 3 1/ 2 13 / 4 15 / 22 12/13 z G lobigerina bradyi Wiessner 1/ 0 1/ 2 3/ 3 0/1 Globigerina ouachitaellsls Howe and Wallace 1/ 0 4/2 I Globoquadrilla dehiscells (Chapman, Parr and Collins) ?4/ 0 7/ 2 16/ 4 52/ 6 21/1 c., Globigerilloides cf. G. primordius Blow and Banner 7/ 3 >- G lobigerilla ciperoellsis allgulisuturalis Bolli 0/1 Z Globorotalia sp. 2/ 5 2/ 2 >z to Catapsydrax sp. 1 0/1 c :. Globigerilla woodi d. G. woodi CO llll ecta Jenkins 2/3 o Globigerilla leroyi Blow and Banner 8/1 ":» G loboquadrina larmeui Akers 18 / 9 15 / 4 38 /1 6 9/1 4 t< Cassigerillella chipolellsis (Cushman and Ponton) 1 Globigerilloides trilobus (Reuss) s.1. 40/ 31 109/ 66 89 / 40 G lobigerilloides a/tiaperturus Bolli 1/ 2 Catapsydrax sp. 2 0/ 2 1/0 7/ 5 Globorotalia obesa Bolli 1/7 3/1 62/ 34 40/ 32 • Sphaeroidinella cellata Subbotina 2/0 1/ 8 3/1 0/ 2 n Globigerinoides apertasuturalis Jenkins 1/ 0 2/1 4/1 6 Globigerinoides trilobus trilobus (Reuss ) 0/1 14/10 7/ 2 :. :» Globigerilla joliata Bolli 0/ 1 '" Globorotalia saginata Jenkins, sp. nov. 8/ 5 3/ 5 z Globigerina eamesi Blow :;; 6/1 3/ 2 l'l Globigerinatella i?l sp. 2/1 I :. ------:» "'\):-; TRIBUTJONS FROM THE CUSHMAN FOUNDATJON FOR FORAl'oliNIFERAL RES EARCH 3

udecensis Pokorny from Dr. Pokorny and agrees depressed; wall calcareous, perforate; umbilicus cov- ith Blow and Banner (in Eames et al., 1962) that ered by a small inflated bulla with a small infra- is a junior synonym of C. chipolellsis. laminal lipped aperture opening into the umbilicus. C. chipolellsis is currently classified as a plank- Largest diameter: 0.22 mm. :onic foraminifer by many authors, but there is Figured specilllell.-Figured specimen obtained \ery little evidence to support the theory that this from the Lower Burdigali an sample No. 5 (GT species was planktonic. 125). Stratigraphic Range.-C. chipolensis occurs in Stratigraphic Rallge .- Found in all 3 type Burdi- ooly tbe type Upper Aquitanian sample No.4 (GY galian samples examined. I b) . R elllarks.-Catapsydrax sp. 2 has a distinct small Recorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-Cushman and inflated bulla which is different from tbe elongate Ponton (1932) originally described C. chipolell sis lemon shaped bulla of Catapsydrax sp. I. In the - om the Lower Miocene rocks of Florida. Bolli Upper Burdiga li an sa mple No. 7 there are two 19 57) recorded its range as G. ampliapertura forms: one with a coarse wall similar to Globiger- Zone to G. fo"si robusta Zone in the Cipero for- ilia woodi Jenkins and the other with a smooth wall ::!ation of Trinidad. Blow and Banner (ill Eames similar to Globigerilla praebul/oides Blow. The fig- al., 1962) record its lowest range as being at the ured specimen from the Lower Burdigali an sample =age of the Oligocene (G. oligocaellica Zone) in is the smooth walled form. East Africa. Both Catapsydrax sp. I and C. sp. 2 differ from Family GLOBIGERINIDAE Carpenter, Parker C. unicavus Bolli, Loeblich and Tappan and C. dis- and Jones, 1862 simi/is (Cushman and Bermudez) in not having a Sub-family GLOBIGERININAE Carpenter flattened bulla. Parker and Jones, 1862 Genus Catapsydrax Bolli, Loeblich and Tappan, 195 7 Genus Globigerina d'Orbigny, 182 6 Catapsydrax sp. 1 Globigerina bradyi ' '''iesner Plate I , figures 2a-c Plate I, figures 4, 5 GlobigeriTla sp. , BRADY, 1884, Rept. Challenger Cata psydrax sp. I , J ENKINS, 1964, Cushman Found. Zool., vol. 9, p. 603, pI. 82, figs. 8-9. Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15, pt. I, p. 29, Globigerilla bradyi WIESNER, 1931, Deutsche Slid- Table I. polar-Exped. 1901-1903, vol. 20 (Zool., vol. Descriptioll.-Test free, small, trochospiral, low 12 ) p. 133; BOLLI, 1957, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. . ed; periphery rounded; chambers subglobular, 215, p. 110, pI. 23, fig . 5a-c; J ENKINS, 1960, rranged in 2 \12 whorls with 5 chambers in the first Micropaleontology, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 350, pI. I, bor! ; sutures distinct, depressed; wall calcareous, fig. 3a-b . . ctly perforate, umbilicus covered by an in- GlobigeriTla d. G. bradyi Wiesner, J ENKINS, 1964, ed elongate bulla with a single small infralami- Cushman Found. Foram. Res. Contr. vol. 15, li pped aperture at the end of a tubelike struc- pt. 1, p. 29, Table I. , this aperture overlapping the end of the um- . al primary aperture. Largest diameter: 0.22 Figured specimells.-Both the figured specimens :::nt. were from the Upper Burdigalian sample No. 7 Relllarks.-The distinctly perforate wall structure (GT 183b); greatest diameter of the tightly coiled - Catapsydrax sp. 1 suggests a possible relation- specimen 0.23 mm.; greatest diameter of the loosely . p between it and Globigerilla woodi Jenkins. coiled specimen: 0.25 mm . Figured specimen.-Figured specimen obtained R elllarks.-Three specimens obtained from the :.om the type Lower Aquitanian sample No. 3 Upper Burdigalian sample No.7 (GT 183b) have G\ · 183a). a coarse wall ornamentation and some of the spec- Stratigraphic Range.-Only one specimen of imens are more loosely coiled than the holotype C apsydrax sp. I was found; this came from the (PI. 1, fig. 5). =!pe Lower Aquitanian sample No.3 (GV 183a). Stratigraphic Rallge .-Lower type Aquitanian to Helvetian (?). Catapsydrax sp. 2 R ecorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-The lowest strat- Plate I , figures 3a-c igraphic range of G. bradyi in Trinidad was given C.::apsydrax sp. 2, JENKINS, 1964, Cushman Found. as G. kugleri Zone by Bolli ( 1957 ). Jenkins (1960) Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15, pt. I, p. 29, recorded its initial appearance in southeast Aus- table I. tralia in the G . dehiscells dehiscells Zone, and re- Descriptioll.-Test free, small trochospiral, low cent work in New Zealand has yielded specimens , periphery rounded; chambers subglobular, from rocks slightly older than this, from the Upper rranged in nearly 3 whorls, sutures distinct, slightly Whaingaroan Stage. 4 J ENKIN S-AQUITANIAN-B U R D IGALIAN P L ANKTON IC FOR Al\H N IFERA

Globigeriua cipcroensis angnlisuturalis Bolli western France, but the single figure does not indi- Plate I , fi gures 6a-c cate the presence of the lip that is a diagnostic Globigerilla ciperoellsis allgulisuturalis BOLLI, 1957, feature of this subspecies ( Bolli, 1957) . To illus- U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 215, p. 109, pI. 22, fi g. trate the diffic ulty involved in trying to separate 11a-c. these two subspecies, a specimen from the Upper Globigerill(l ciperoellsis allgustisuluralis (sic, = Qfl- Burdigali an sample no. 7 (GT 183b) has been illus- gulisuturalis) J ENKINS, 1960, Micropaleontol- trated ( Plate I , fig . 8). This specimen, referred to ogy, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 350, pI. I, fig . 4a-c. here as G. ciperoensis cf. angustiumbilicala, is clearly Globigerilla allgulisl/turalis BOLLI, BLOW and BAN- closer in morphology to G. ciperoellsis ciperoellsis NER (in Eames et al., 1962) p. 84, PL. IX A a- but is beyond the stra ti graphic range of this sub- Cc. species and has a lipped a perture. Figured specimell.-The figured specimen from Stratigraphic Rallge.-G. ciperoellsis anguslium- the Lower Aquita nia n sample No.3 (GY 183a); bilicala was found in all the type samples exam- greatest diameter 0.17 mm. ined : Lower Aquitanian to Helvetia n (?) . Stratigraphic Rallge .-Only the figured specimen R ecorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-G. ciperoensis was found. allgusliumbilicata has a long stratigraphic range in R ecorded Stratigraphic Rallge.- Bolli (1957) the Tertiary. The lowest stratigraphic record of gave its range as G. opima opima Zone to G. ciper- this species in the Trinidad rocks is from the upper oensis ciperoensis Zone in the Trinidad rocks and part of the Globorolalia cocoellsis Zone (Bolli, Jenkins ( 1960) gave it as G. dehiscells dehiscells 1957) . Blow and Banner (ill E ames el al., 1962) Zone to G. woodi woodi Zone in a rock sequence also recorded G. allgustiumbilicala from tbe Upper from southeast Australia. Blow and Banner (ill Eocene of Lindi, Tanganyika. Eames et al., 1962) did not record this subspecies in the two Aquitanian samples they examined from Globigerina ciperoensis ciperoensis Bolli southwestern France. Plate I, fi gures 9a·c GlobigerillQ ciperoensis BOLLI, 1954, Cushman Globigerina ciperoensis angustiumbilicata Bolli Found. Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 5, pI. I, p. 1. Plate I, figures 7a·c Globigerilla ciperoellsis ciperoellsis BOLLI, 1957, G lobigerina ciperoell sis allgustiumbilicala BOLLI, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 215, p. 109, 1'1. 22, figs. 1957, U . S. N at. Mus. Bull. 215, p. 109, 1'1. lOa-b. 22, figs. J2a-13c; BOLLI , 1957, ibid., p. 164, Globigerilla ciperoellsis Bolli subsp. ciperoensis pI. 36, figs. 6a-b. Bolli, J EN KIN S, 1960, Micropaleontology, vol. Globigerilla allgusliumbilicala (Bolli) , BLOW, 1959, 6, no. 4, p. 350, pI. I, figs . 5a-c. Bull. Amer. Paleont., vol. 39, no. 178, p. 172, Globigerilla ouachilaellsis ciperoellsis (Bolli) , BLOW 1'1. 7, figs. 33a-c, 34. and BANN ER (ill Eames el al., 1962) Pl'. 90-91, Globigerilla allgusliumbilicala Bolli, J ENKlNS, 1960, PI. IX, E-G; fig. 9 (i-iii). Micropaleontology, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 350, pI. I , Figured specimell.-Figured specimen from Lower figs. 2a-c; J ENKI NS, 1964, Cushma n Found. Aquitanian sample No.3 (GY 183 a) ; greatest di- Farant. Res. Contr., vol. 15, pt. I, p. 29, ameter 0.24 mm. Table 1. R emarks.-Furtber examination of the type Figured specimell s.-Figured specimen obtained Lower Aquita nian No. 2 sample (GY 182a) has from the type Upper Burdigalian sample NO. 7 (GT yielded two specimens of G . ciperoellsis ciperoellsis, 183b); greatest diameter 0.24 mm.; figured speci- these in association witb a large G. ciperoensis an- men of G. ciperoellsis cf. angusliumbilicata from gusliumbilicala population. Blow and Banner (in the same sample; greatest diam eter 0.27 mm. Eames el al., 1962 ) record G. ciperoensis ciperoen- R emarks.-Bolli (1957) stated that there was a sis from the Lower and Middle Aquitanian of complete gradation between G . ciperoellsis cipero- southwestern France. ensis and G. ciperoellsis allgustiulllbilicala; this gra- Straligraphic Rallge.-Recorded only from the dation has also been seen by the writer in samples upper two samples, Nos. 2 and 3 (GY 182a; GY from southeast Australia (Jenkins, 1960) and in 183a), of the type Lower Aquitanian. the New Zealand rocks of the same age. In the Recorded Siraligraphic Range.- The stratigraphic type Aquitanian-Burdigalian and in the Australa- range of G. ciperoensis ciperoellsis in the Trinidad sian rocks the central and more dominant form is rocks was given by Bolli (1957) as G. ampliaper- G. ciperoellsis allgusliumbilicala, which is also the IlIra Zone to tbe G. ciperoellsis ciperoensis Zone. precursor of G. ciperoellsis ciperoensis. Blow and Banner (in Eames el al., 1962) illus- Globigerina eamesi Bl olY trated a specimen of G . ciperoensis angustiumbili- Plate I , fi gures lOa-c cala from the Aquitanian of Escornebeou, south- Globigerilla eamesi BLOW, 1959, Bull. Amer. Pa- '""O ::,,\TRIBUTIONS FROM THE CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FOR FORA1\UNIFERAL RESEARCH 5

leont., vol. 39, no. 178, pp. 176-177, pI. 9, figs. be noted that in the type Aquitanian samples G. 39a-c; JENKINS, 1960, Micropaleontology, vol. jlll'ellilis overlaps the ranges of G. ciperoensis cip- 6, no. 4, pp. 350-351 , pI. I, figs. 7a-c. eroellsis and G. ollachitaensis. Figured specimen.-Figured specimen from the Stratigraphic rallge.-Lower Aquitanian-Helve- Helvetian (?) sample No.8 (GT 130); greatest di- tian (?). lineler 0.24 mm. Recorded Stratigraphic Rallge.- Bolli (1957) re- Stratigraphic Rallge.-Upper Burdigalian-Helve- cords the lowest stratigraphic range in Trinidad of :ian (?). G. jllvenilis in the G. kllgleri Zone and it ranges Recorded Stratigraphic Range.-Blow (1959) up to the G. menardii Zone. In southeast Australia recorded its range as G. m enardii menardii/ G. its initial appearance is stratigraphicall y lower than u pellthes Zone to the S. seminulilla Zone, Pozon, in Trinidad: it starts off in the pre-Globoqlladrilla \ ·enezuela. Jenkins (1960) recorded a much longer dehiscens dehiscens Zone and ranges up to the G. range in southeast Australia, from the pre-G. de- triloba triloba Zone (Jenkins, 1960). . cells Zone to the O. ulliversa Zone. Globigerina leroyi Blow and Banner Globigerina foliata Bolli Plate I, figures 13a-c Plate I, fi gures lla-c Globigerina praeblllloides leroyi BLOW and BANNER Globigerina foliata BOLLI, 1957, U. S. Nat. Mus. (in Eames et al., 1962), p. 93, pI. IX R-T; Bull. 215, p. Ill, pI. 24, figs. 1a-c; BLOW, 1959, fig. 9 (v). Bull. Amer. Paleonl., vol. 39, no. 178, pp. 177- Figured specimell.-Figured specimen from the 178, pI. 10, figs. 42a-c; JENKINS, 1960, Micro- Upper Aquitanian sample No.4 (GV 184b); larg- paleontology, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 351, pI. I, figs. est diameter 0.23 mm. 9a-c. Globigerilla cf. G. foliata Bolli, JENKINS, 1964, R emarks.-Blow and Banner (in Eames et al., Cushman Found. Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15, 1962) also record G. praebulloides leroyi in the pI. 1, p. 29 , table 1. Aquitanian rocks of Moulin de l'Eglise and Escorne- Figured specimen.-Figured specimen from the beou, southwestern France. Cpper Burdigalian sample No.7 (GT 183b) ; larg- Stratigraphic Rallge.-G. leroyi was recognized

Globigerina praebulloides Blow G. woodi with lower arched apertures than G. Plate I, fi gures 15a-c woodi woodi and these have been referred to Glo- Globigerilla praebulloides BLOW, 1959, Bull. Amer. bigerilla woodi cf. cOllllecta Jenkins (l964b). Paleont., vol. 39, no. 178, p. 180, pI. 18, figs. Stratigraphic Rallge .- Occurs only in the Upper 47a-c; pI. 9, fig. 48; JENKINS, 1960, Micropa- Aquitanian sample No. 4 (GV 184b). leontology, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 352, pI. 2, figs. la-c; JENKINS, 1964, Cushman Found. Foram. Res. Globigerina woodi woodi Jenkins Contr., vol. 15, pt. I, p. 29, table I. Plate I, fi gures 18a-c Figured specimells.-Figured specimen from the Globigerilla woodi JENKI NS, 1960, Micropaleontol- Upper Burdigalian sample No. 7 (GT 183b); larg- ogy, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 352, pI. 2, figs. 2a-c; TAK- est diameter 0.27 mm. AYANAGI and SAITO, 1962, Tohoku, Univ. Sci. Stratigraphic Range.- Type Lower Aquitanian to Rept., 2nd (Geol.), Spec. Vol. (5), pp. 91-92, Helvetian ( ?). pI. 25, figs. 6a-c; JENKINS , 1964, Cushman R ecorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-Blow (1959) Found. Foram . Res. Contr., vol. 15, pt. I , p. gave the range of G. praebulloides as C. stailltorthi 29, table I. Zone to G. menardii m enardii/G. lI epellthes Zone Figured specimen.-Figured specimen from the in Venezuela and Jenkins (1960) a pre-G. dehiscells Upper BurdigaJian sample No.7 (GT 183b) ; larg- dehiscells Zone to G. mellardii miotumida Zone est diameter 0.36 mm. range in a southeastern Australian sequence. Since Stratigraphic Rallge.-Lower Aquitanian-Helve- then, Blow and Banner (ill Eames et al., 1962) tian (?). have split up G. praebulloides into a number of R ecorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-Jenkins (1960) subspecies, and the earliest appearance of G. prae- recorded the range of G. woodi as being from the bulloides s.l. is recorded as Upper Eocene. base of the G. woodi Zone to the G. mellardii mio- tumida Zone. Recent work on New Zealand rocks Globigerina sp. has shown that G. woodi starts in the Waitakian Plate I, figures 16a-c Stage at the same level as in Australia. Globigerilla sp., JENKINS, 1964, Cushman Found. Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15, pt. I, p. 29, Genus Globoquadrina Finlay, 1947 table I. Globoquadrina dehiscens (Chapman, Parr Descriptioll .-Test small, free, low trochospiral, and Collins) equatorial periphery lobate; wall calcareous, surface Plate I, fi gures 19a-c finely perforate; chambers subspherical, 9 forming Plate 2, fi gure 1 the test, the last 3 chambers increasing rapidly in Globorotalia dehiscells CHAPMAN, PARR and COL- size; the final test chamber has been broken off; LINS, 1934, Linn. Soc. London, Journ. Zool., sutures distinct, sli ghtly depressed , umbilicus small, vol. 38, no. 262, p. 569, pI. II, figs . 36a-c. umbilical aperture small, arched, with a thin lip. Globoquadrilla dehiscells (Chapman, Parr and Col- Type specimell .-Figured specimen from the type lins) BOLLI , 1957, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 215, Lower Aquitanian sample No. I (GV 180a); largest p. III, pI. 24, figs. 3a-4c; CARTER, 1958, Geol. diameter 0.15 mm. Surv. Victoria, Bull. no. 55, p. 56, pI. 8, figs. R emarks.-Globigerina sp. is possibly a juvenile 85-87. form of G. praebulloides, but the preservation is Globoquadrilla dehiscells dehiscells (Chapman, Parr not good enough to confirm this observation. and Collins). BLOW, 1959, Bull. Amer. Pal., Stratigraphic Rallge.-Recorded only in the type vol. 39, no. 178, p. 182, pI. 8, figs. 49a-c. Lower Aquitanian sample No. 1 (GV 180a). Globoquadrina dehiscells (Chapman, Parr and Col- lins) subsp. dehiscells (Chapman, Parr and Globigerina woodi d . G. woodi connecta Jenkins Collins) , J ENKlNS, 1960, Micropaleontology, Plate I , fi gures 17a-c vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 354-355, pI. 3, figs . 3a-c. Globigerilloides trilobus (Reuss ) s.1. (in part), Globoquadrilla dehiscells Chapman, Parr and Col- 1964, JENKINS, Cushman Found. Foram. Res. lins, JENKIN S, 1964, Cushman Found. Foram. Contr., vol. IS, pt. I, p. 29 , table 1 (Sample Res. Contr., vol. 15, pt. I , p. 29, table I. 40nJy). Figured specimens.- Two fi gured specimens: I Figured specimell.-Figured specimen from the from the Lower Aquitanian sample No. 3 (GV Upper Aquitanian sample No.4 (GV 184b); larg- 183 a) ; greatest diameter 0.25 mm. (PI. I, figs . 19a- est diameter 0.19 mm. c); 2 (from the type Upper Burdigalian sample Remarks.- Unfortunately the preservation of the No.7 (GT 183b) ; grl

Genus Globigerinoides Cushman, 1927 Globigerinoides d. G . primordius Blow and Banner Globigerinoides apertasuturalis Jenkins Plate 2, figures 7a-c Plate 2, figures 5a-c Globigerilloides trilobus (Reuss ) s. 1. (in part) JEN- KINS , 1964, Cushman Found. Foram. Res. Globigerilloides apertasuturalis J ENKIN S, Micropa- Contr., vol. 15, pt. 1, p. 29, Table I (sample leontology, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 352-353, 1'1. 2, no. 3 only). figs. 3a-c; J ENKIN S, 1964, Cushman Found. Figured specimell .-Figured speci men from the Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15, pt. I, p. 29, type Lower Aquitanian sample No.3 (GV 183a); table I. greatest diameter 0.35 mm. Figured specimell .-Figured specimen from the Remarks.-G. primordius was originall y de- Helvetian (?) sample No. 8 (GT 130); greatest scribed from the G. kugleri Zone of Trinidad and diameter 0.26 mm. its authors, Blow and Banner (ill Eames et ai., Stratigra phic Rallge .-Upper Burdigalian to Hel- 1962), also recorded it from Sicily and East Africa. vetian (?). They did not record it from the Aquitanian rocks R ecorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-Jenkins ( 1960) of Escornebeou or Moulin de I':t::glise (southwestern gave the range of G. apertasuturalis as G. dehiscells France) which they examined. dehiscells Zone to the G. menardii miotumida Zone. In the type description of G. primordius, Blow and Banner (ibid.) state that both the umbilical and Globigerinoides altiaperhuus Bolli sutural apertures lack a distinct lip or rim. The specimens from the type Lower Aquitanian sample Plate 2, figures 6a-c possess thin rims to the apertures. The apertures Globigerilloides triloba altiapertura BOLLI , 1957, are higher arched and the wall structure is coarser U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 215, p. 113 , 1'1. 25 , fi gs. than the type of G. primordius. The specimens of 7a-8; text-fig. 21, no. 3; BLOW, 1959, Bull. G. ct. G. primordius have been compared with to- Amer. Paleont., vol. 39 , no. 178, PI'. 187-188, potype specimens of G lobigerilloides altiaperturus 1'1. 10, fi gs. 61 a-b. Bolli and seem to be intermediate between G. Figured specimell .-Figured specimen from the primordius and G. altiaperturus. Unfortunately no Lower Burdigalian sample No.5 (GT 125) ; great- topoty pe specimens of G. primordius have been est diameter 0.45 mm. available for direct comparison. R emarks.-Topotype specimens of G. altiaper- G. ct. G. primordius is related in general test turus have been kindly supplied by Dr. H. M. Bolli morphology to the G. woodi population of sample and a direct comparison has been made with the NO.3 (GV 183a): G. cf. G. primordius specimens specimens from the type Lower Burdigalian sam- appear to be G . woodi with a supplementary aper- ple No.5. ture on the spiral side. Stratigraphic Rallge.-Limited to the Lower Recorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-Bolli (1957) Aquitanian sample No.3 (GV 183a) . gave the range of G. altiaperturus as C. dissimilis R ecorded Stratigraphic Rallge .-Blow and Ban- Zone to the C. staill/orthi Zone in Trinidad, and ner (ill Eames et 01., 1962) state that G. primor- Blow (1959) recorded its upper range as being in dius is limited to the Globorotalia kugleri Zone of the lower part of the G. insueta-G . triloba Sub- Trinidad. zone in Venezuela. Jenkins (1960) recorded its stratigraphic range from rocks in southeast Aus- Globigerinoides trilobus (Reuss) s.1. tralia as G. woodi Zone to the G. menardii mio- tumida Zone, but the specimens from the Lakes Plate 3 Entrance oil shaft have now been compared with Globigerinoides trilobus (Reuss) s.1. (in part) JEN- the topotype G. altiaperturus from Trinidad and KINS , 1964, Cushman Found. Foram. Res. they appear to be different species. The Australian Contr., vol. 15, pt. I, p. 29, Table I. species differs from G. altiaperturus in having a Figured specimells.-Figured specimens from the high spired test with smaller apertures (Jenkins, Upper Burdiga li an sample NO.7 (GT 183b). 1960, 1'1. 2, fig. 6). Remarks.-Bolli ( 1957 ) in his work on the Trin- G. altiaperturus also occurs in the New Zealand idad rocks produced a working classification of the rocks, having been recorded in one sample (F14849) Miocene species of Globigerilloides. In order to from Parengarenga Harbour, Northland. This sam- show the genetic relationship of four of the forms, ple is from a section and is positioned between he used a trinomial nomenclature, with G. trilobus samples contai ning G lobigerilloides cf. G. primordius ( Reuss) as the central form. Both Blow (1959), Blow and Banner and samples containing Globi- wo rking on a si mil arly aged Venezuelan sequence, gerinoides trilobus (Reuss), a similar sequence to and Jenkins ( 1960), working on an Australian Mio- that found in the type Aquitanian-Burdigalian rocks. cene sequence, followed this pattern of nomencla- ...""O :\, TRIB UTIONS FRO!\f THE CUS HMAN FOU NDATION F OR FORAl\lIN IFERAL R ESE AR CH 9

lUre. Banner and Blow (1960) resurrected the long Globigerilloides trilobus (Reuss) s.1. (in part) JEN- 'orgotten species Globigerilla quadrilobata d'Or- KI NS, 1964, Cushman Found. Foram. Res. igny (1846) and in choosing the lectotype picked Contr., vol. 15, pt. I, p. 29 , Table I. out a form with multiple apertures. Having done Figured specimell .-Figured specimen from the this they then decided that their Globigerilloides type Upper Burdigali an No.7 (GT 183b) ; greatest quadrilobatus, instead of G. trilobus, was the cen- diameter 0.36 mm. :ral type of the Miocene Globigerilloides species. R emarks.- Two type samples of G. trilobus Olher workers have concluded that the lectotype (Reuss ) from Weiliczka, Poland, have been ob- of G. quadrilobata does not fit either the original tained from Profesor M. Ksiakiewicz and Dr. S. fi gures or the type description by d'Orbigny (Todd, Alexandrowicz of the Department of Geology, 1961). Bandy (1964) rejected it, but did not in- Jagellonian University, Cracow. Specimens that \ oke the authority of the International Committee appear to be identical with the holotype figures of Zoological Nomenclature to have the lectotype have been picked out. The specimens of G. trilobus offi cially invalidated, so its status remains contro- trilobus from the type Aquitanian-Burdigalian rocks \-e rsial. Nevertheless, the writer, having examined have been compared with the topotypes of G. trilo- a ty pe sample from Nussdorf, kindly donated by bus. There is a wide range of variation in the test Dr. R. Grill, is in agreement with Todd and Bandy morphologies of G. trilobus in the two type sam- mat the lectotype of G. quadrilobata should be re- ples from Weiliczka. jec ted for the reasons they have already stated. Blow (1956) was the first fully to describe the The "lectotype" was chosen from a tube of mixed O. ulliversa lineage; he demonstrated that G. trilo- pecies of planktonic Foraminifera; none of the bus trilobus (Reuss) evolved gradually into Globi- spec imens corresponds in any way with d'Orbigny's gerinoides bisphericus Todd. Blow's interpretation original type figure and description of Globigerilla has been supported by the works of Bolli (1957) .uadrilobata. According to Banner and Blow in Trinidad, and by Jenkins (1960) and Horni- I ibid.) the label on the tube was "probably in Ter- brook (m.s. in press ). quem's handwriting." The writer intends to submit A topotype sample of Globigerinoides bispheri- a case to the I.C.Z.N. in an attempt to have the C IIS Todd from Saipan has been obtained from Miss lectotype officially invalidated. R. Todd, and a direct comparison has also been made with the specimens of Globigerilloides from In the present paper, G. trilobus has not been the type Aquitanian-Burdigali an. Not one speci- >pl it up into numerous subspecies. The only form men of G. bisph ericus was obtained from the sam- .... hich has been singled out is the stratigraphically ples examined. im portant G. trilobus trilobus. The variation in the Stratigraphic Rallge.-Upper Burdigalian-Helve- test morphology of G. trilobus s. 1. has been illus- tian (?). trated (Plate 3). It can be seen that the size and Recorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-Bolli (1957) position of the fin al chamber varies considerably. gave its range as C. dissimilis zone to G. menardii Kaasschieter (ill Drooger et al., 1955) recorded Zone in the Trinidad rocks. Jenkins (1960) , work- and figured Globigerilloides trilocularis (d'Orbigny), ing on a southeast Australian sequence, gave its and Drooger (1956) recorded and figured Globi- range as G. triloba triloba Zone to G. mayeri Zone. erill oides triloba (Reuss) from the type area of Blow and Banner (ill Eames et al., 1962) show its the Aquitanian-Burdigalian. From the figured spec- initial appearance in the top of the G. kugleri Zone. imens it can be seen that these species are probably : nonymous with G. trilobus s.1. Subfamily GLOBOROTALIINAE Cushman, 1927 Genus Globorotalia Cushman, 192 7 Globigerinoides trilobus trilobus (Reuss) Globorotalia continuosa Blow Plate 2, figures 8a-c Plate 1, fi gures 9a·c Globigerilla triloba REUSS , 1850, K. Akad. Wiss. Globorotalia opima cOlltillllosa BLOW, 1959, Bull. Wien, Math.-Nat. CI., Denkschr., vol. I, p. Amer. Paleont., vol. 39, no. 178, pp. 218-219, 374, pI. 47, figs. Ila-d (fide Ellis and Messina, pI. 19, figs. \25a-c. 1940 et seq.). Globorotalia opima Bolli subsp. cOlltilluosa Blow, Globigerinoides triloba (Reuss) , BOLLI, 1957, U . S. JENKINS, 1960, Micropaleontology, vol. 6, DO. Nat. Mus. Bull. 215, pp. ll2-113, pI. 25 , figs. 4, p. 366, pI. 5, figs. 4a-c, 5a-<:. 2a-c; text-fig. 21, no. l a-b ; BLOW, 1959, Bull. Globorotalia cOlltillllosa Blow, JEN KI NS, 1964, Cush- Amer. Pal., vol. 39, no. 178, p. 187, pI. II, man Found. Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15 , pt. I, figs. 60a-b. p. 29 , Table I. Globigerilloides triloba (Reuss ) subsp. triloba Figured specim ell .-Figured specimen from the ( Reuss ) , JENKINS , 1960, Micropaleontology, type Lower Aquitanian sample No. 3 (GV 183a); vol. 6, no. 4, p. 353, pI. 2, figs. 5a-c. greatest diameter 0.27 mm. 10 JENKINS-AQUITANIAN-BURDIGALIA.i'l PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA

Rell1arks.-The four-chambered final whorl and types from the Upper Burdigalian sample No. 7 the distinctive comma-shaped aperture of G. con- (GT 183b). tinuosa (Blow, 1959) distinguish it from Globoro- R emarks.-G. sagillala appears to be related to talia lIalla Bolli. Inasmuch as G. lI alla has an upper Globorotalia obesa but differs from tbis species in stratigraphic range of G. ciperoellsis ciperoellsis baving a more rapid increase in size of the cham- Zone in Trinidad (Bolli, 1957), it should be noted bers of the final wborl and in having a more um- that Blow and Banner (ill Eames et al., 1962) re- bilical aperture. cord G. lIana (unfigured) from tbe Lower Aqui- Stratigraphic Rallge.-Upper Burdigalian to Hel- tanian rocks of Escornebeou, southwestern France. vetian (?). R ecorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-Blow (1959) gave its range in Venezuela as C. staillforthi Zone Globorotalia semivera (H ornibrook) to tbe S. Sell1illUlilla Zone. Jenkins (1960) recorded Plate 2, fi gures l 2a·c its initial appearance at a much lower stratigraphic level, in the pre-Globoquadrilla dehiscells dehiscells G/obigerilla semivera HOR NIBROOK, 1961, New Zone; this has been confirmed by recent work on Zealand Geol. Surv. Pal. Bull. no. 34, pt. I , tbe New Zealand rocks, where it is seen to have its pp. 149-150, pI. 23 , figs. 445-447. initial appearance in the upper part of the Whainga- Globorotalia aff. G. mayeri Cushman and Ellisor, roan Stage. J ENKINS, 1964, Cusbman Found. Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15, pt. 1, p. 29. Globorotalia obesa Bolli Figured specimell.-Figured specimen from tbe Plate 2, fi gures lOa-c Upper Burdigalian sample No.6 (GT 136a); great- Globorotalia obesa BOLLI , 1957, U. S. Nat. Mus. est diameter 0.32 mm. Bull. 215, p. 119, pI. 29, figs. 2a-3 ; BLOW, Remarks.- It is probable that tbe specimens from 1959, Bull. Amer. Paleont., vol. 39, no. 178, tbe lower part of tbe range of G. mayeri, as re- p. 218, pI. 19, figs. 124a-c; JENKINS , 1960, Mi- corded by Bolli (1957) from Trinidad, are refer- cropaleontology, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 364, pI. 5, able, at least in part, to G. semivera. Globorotalia figs. 2a-c. mayeri Cusbman and Ellisor differs from G. semi- Globorotalia cf. G. obesa Bolli, JENKINS, 1964, vera in baving sligbtly recurved sutures (Horni- Cushman Found. Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15, brook, 1961). pt. I, p. 29, Table I. Stratigraphic Rallge.-Lower Aquitanian to Hel- Figured specill1ell.-Figured specimen from the vetian (?). Helvetian (?) sample No.8 (GT 130) ; greatest di- Recorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-Hornibrook ameter 0.31 mm. (ibid.) recorded the New Zealand range of G. Stratigraphic Rallge.-Burdigalian to Helve- semivera as Waitaki an Stage to Waiauan (?) Stage. itan (?). Further work by tbe writer bas sbown that its initial Recorded Stratigraphic Rallge.-Bolli (1957) appearance is slightly lower and should now be gave its range as C. dissill1i1is Zone to tbe G. mell- stated as being in tbe Upper Whaingaroan Stage. ardii Zone in Trinidad, and Blow ( 1959) recorded This level can be broadly correlated with the upper its range as C. staillfortlli Zone to the G. bulloides part of the G. opima opima Zone to the lower part Zone in Venezuela. Jenkins (1960) , working on a of the G. ciperoellsis ciperoensis Zone of Trinidad. soutbeastern Australian sequence, gave its range as Bolli (1957) showed G. mayeri starting in tbe G. pre-G. dehiscells dehiscells Zone to the G. mellardii opima opima Zone of Trinidad. miotumida Zone. G. semivera is bere regarded as a Globorotalia species, because its aperture tends to be umbilical Globorotalia saginata Jenkins, n . sp. to extra-umbilical in position. Plate 2, fi gures lla·c Globorotalia sp. Description of Holotype.-Test iree, trochospiral, biconvex, but with the spiral side the more flattened; Plate 2, fi gures 13a-c umbilicus small, distinct; peripbery rounded, periph- Globorotalia sp. , J EN KI NS, 1964, Cushman Found. eral outline quadrilobate; chambers inflated, spberi- Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15, pt. 1, p. 29, cal, compressed; 12 chambers in just over 2 whorls: Table I. 5 in the first whorl and the four in the final wborl Description of figured specimell.-Test free, tro- increasing very rapidly in size; sutures on both um- cbospiral, biconvex, witb a small umbilicus; peripb- bilical and spiral sides distinct and curved; wall cal- ery rounded, peripheral outline lobulate; cbambers careous, distinctly perforate; aperture a low distinct formed in about 3 wborls, with 5 in tbe fin al whorl; arcb, umbilical, extending a short way towards the sutures distinct, sligbtly recurved on both umbilical peripbery. Greatest di ameter: 0.25 mm. and spiral sides, appearing slightly incised at the Type specimell.-Holotype and unfigured Para- peripbery; wall calcareous, punctate; aperture small, \.""O XTRIBUTIONS FROM THE CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH 11

low-arched, lipped, umbilical-extraumbilical. Great- tanian stages were poor and mainly undiagnostic. es: diameter 0.21 mm. He recorded the following species from the type Figured specimell.-Figured speci men from the rocks: t:pper Aquitanian sample No.4 (GV 184b). Aquitanian: Straligraphic Range.-Aquitani an Stage. Globigerilla blll/oides, G lobigerilloides Irilobus. Chatti an: Subfamily SPHAEROIDINELLINAE Banner and G lobigerilla globlliaris Roemer. Blow, 1959 Genus Sphaeroidinella Cushman, 1927 Rupelian: Sphaeroidinella cellata Sl1bbotina Globigerilla cf. G. illcrebescells Bandy. Plate 2, figures 14a-c Kaasschieter (ill Drooger el al. , 1955 ) had ear- Globigerilla bul/oides phaeroidillel/a cel/ala SUBBOTlNA, 1958, Micro- lier recorded d'Orbigny and Globigerilloides Irilocularis (d'Orbigny) from the fauna, SSSR, vol. 9, pp. 59-60, pI. II, figs. 4a-c; 5a-c. type Aquitanian-Burdigalian rocks. phaeroidill el/a ? sp. , JENKINS, 1964, Cushman Recently Hofker (1963 b) recorded the follow- Found. Foram. Res. Contr., vol. 15, pI. I, p. ing 6 taxa from Oligocene rocks of northwestern 29, Table 1. Europe: Globigerilla opima opima (Bolli), Globi- Figured specimell .-Figured specimen from the gerina auachi/aensis Howe and Wallace, Globiger- t:pper Burdigalian sample No.7 (GT 183b); great- ilia ampliaperlura Bolli, Globigerilla praebul/oides est diameter 0.27 mm. Blow, Globigerilla dissimilis Cushman and Bermu- Remarks.-S. cel/ala appears to be a thick-walled dez and Globigerilla leroyi Blow and Banner. Hof- fo rm of G. Irilobus (Reuss) and, like S. disjullcla ker concluded that the listed species "prove that Finlay, it seems to be intermediate in position be- the opima opima zone of the Cipero Formation of ·ee n Splweroidillel/a and Globigerilloides. Ban- Trinidad is of Oligocene age." ner and Blow (1960) preferred to place S. cel/ala According to Eames el al. (1962) the Oli gocene- in the latter genus, because it lacks the necessary Miocene boundary coincides with tbe base of the ortex on which they based a redefinition of the G. ampliaperlura Zone, first defined in the Trini- _cn us Sphaeroidillel/a (Banner and Blow, 1959). dad rocks by Bolli (1957); the base of the zone Reiss (1963) has cast doubt on the validity of tbe coincided wi th his Eocene-Oligocene boundary. The cortex wall structure, which, according to Reiss, is only evidence given by Eames el. al. (1962) regard- merely an optical effect. Specimens of S. cel/ala ing the presence of the G. am pliaperlura Zone in bave a glassy appearance because of their thickened the Aquitanian was the occurrence of G. ouachila- test walls; because of this they have been placed in ellsis ouachilaellsis in an Aquitanian sample from the genus Sphaeroidillel/a. Escornebeou, south-western France (Blow and Ban- Straligraphic Rallge.-Burd igalian to Helve- ner ill Eames el al. , 1962) . They concluded : "Since ti an (I?). Globigerilla ouachilaellsis ouachilaellsis ranges from Recorded Slraligra phic Rallge.-Banner and the Upper Eocene to about the lower part of the Blow (1960) have seen similar thick-walled speci- Globorolalia opima opima Zone in southern Trini- mens from deposits of probable Upper Vindobon- dad as well as occurring in the lower Aquitanian of ian age, but they gave no localities from which tbe southwestern France, the occurrence of this form speci mens had been observed. s:rongly suggests that the Globigerilla ampliaper- lura Zone is equivalent to part of the lower Aqui- OLIGOCENE-MIOCENE BOUNDARY tanian." Yet another possible interpretati on is that Tbe Oli gocene-Miocene boundary is one of the part of the lower Aquitanian is equivalent to part most difficult and most controversial boundaries in of the G. opima opima Zone, both these views the Tertiary. based on the assumption that G. ollachilaellsis Olla- The Aquitanian Stage is here regarded as the low- chilaensis became extinct in the Aquitanian Basin t stage of the Miocene, altbougb some stratigra- and in Trinidad at the same time. The evidence phers regard it as the topmost Oligocene stage provided by Eames el al. ( 1962) for placi ng tbe G. f Gignoux, 1955 ) . Tbe Chattian Stage is here re- ampliaperlura Zone in tbe Aquitanian was very garded as the uppermost Oligocene stage, but, here, slender. too. tbere seem to be differing opinions (Berggren, Berggren (1963), in his review of the work of 19 63) . Eames el al. (1962), tentatively pl aced the Oligo- Drooger ( 1956 ) is tbe only worker to have pub- cene-Miocene boundary wi thin the G. opima opima . hed a co-ordinated study of the planktonic Fo- Zone, a conclusion supported to some extent by rami nifera from the European type Oligocene-Mio- the work of Hofker ( 1963b), quoted above. :ene stages. Unfortunately, tbe faunas obtained by The evidence obtained from the study of the him from the type Rupelian, Chattian and Aqui- pl anktonic Foraminifera from the type Aquitanian- 12 JENKINS-AQUITANIAN-BURDIGA LIA..i"\l' PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA

Burdigalian rocks is in the main negative. Neither et al. (1962) have suggested that O. ulliversa in Globigerilla ampliapertura Bolli or Globorotalia the Vienna Basin was not preceded by its immedi- opima opima Bolli were found in the Lower Aqui- ate ancestors, but this can no longer be held to be tallian samples examined; both have restricted stra- true (see Papp, 1963). tigraphical ranges (Bolli, 1957). The absence of Finlay (1947) and LeRoy (1948) postulated that G. opima opima in the Lower Aquitanian supports the first appearance of O. ulliversa marked a datum Hofker's contention that the G. opima opima Zone line in the world Tertiary rocks. Since then it has is Oligocene in age. been demonstrated in many parts of the world that The positive evidence for defining the Oligocene- where there are continuous marine middle Terti- Miocene boundary on pl anktonic Foraminifera must ary sequences, Orbulina universa was the end form be based on the species obtained from the type of one evolutionary lineage. Only in Europe has Aquitanian rocks. Jenkins (l964a) suggested that there been contradictory evidence that the Orbulina the Lower Aquitanian rocks were equivalent to the universa lil/eage appeared at two well separated G. kugleri Zone of Trinidad, but subsequent work and distinct levels: the first in the Upper Aquitanian has yielded further evidence. The presence of Glo- and the other in the Upper Helvetian-. bigerina ciperoellsis ciperoellsis Bolli and Globiger- There are three possible explanations for the ap- ilia ciperoensis allgulisuturalis Bolli in the Lower parent double entry of O. ulliversa in the European Aquitanian sam ples suggests that they are equiva- rocks: I. The O. universa lineage appeared at two lent to the G. ciperoellsis ciperoellsis Zone of Trin- distinct stratigraphic levels. 2. O. universa appeared idad (Bolli, 1957). Blow and Banner (in Eames at but one level and the Upper Aquitanian is strati- et al., 1962) also record G. ciperoell sis ciperoellsis, graphicall y equivalent to the Helvetian-Tortoni an. as G. ouachitaensis ciperoellsis, in two samples from 3. The original Upper Aquitanian dating of the first the lower and middle Aquitanian of southwestern appearance of O. ulliversa in Sicily is wrong (Blow, France. Thus, the posi tive evidence suggests that 1957). the Lower Aquitanian is equivalent to at least part Bandy (1963) has suggested that the O. ulliversa of G. ciperoeflsis ciperoensis Zone of Trinidad. It is lineage appeared first in the tropical region and here suggested that the Oligocene-Miocene bound- much later in the colder regions. The delayed entry ary be placed between the G. opima opima Zone of O. ulliversa could have been influenced by a and G. ciperoellsis ciperoellsis Zone as defined by vital factor like sea temperature. Bolli (1957). The two main islands of New Zealand extend for AQUITANIAN-BURDIGALIAN BOUNDARY a thousand miles in a line SW-NE from 34°S to 47 °S. The O. ulliversa lineage has been identified The presence of typical specimens of Globigeri- by Hornibrook (m.s. in press) from the southern Iloides altiaperturus Bolli in the Lower Burdigalian tip of the South Island and from the east coast of sample No.5 (GT 125) and its absence below sug- the North Island (Jenkins, m.s. in press). On the gest that this sample is equivalent to part of the G. basis of the available data, there does not seem to dissimilis-lower C. stailljorthi Zones of Trinidad be any evidence from the stratigraphic ranges of (Bolli, 1957). It is therefore suggested that the the other fossils to indicate a recognisable time Aquitanian-Burdigali an boundary be tentatively delay in the appearance of Orbulina in the New placed between the G. kugler; and C. d;ssimilis Zealand southernmost rocks. Zones as defined by Bolli (1957). As previously stated (Jenkins, 1964a) the upper- INITIAL APPEARANCE OF most samples from the type Aquitanian-Burdigalian ORBULINA UNIVERSA o'ORBIGNY have not yielded any of the O. un;versa lineage In Europe there are two distinct schools of thought above the G. Irilobus trilobus level. Again, it could regarding the initial appearance of Orbulilla Ulli- be argued that these taxa were kept out of the type versa in the European Tertiary rocks (Jenkins, Aquitanian area by some geographic barrier. For- 1964c). The "Continental school" has shown that tunately, the work of Sourdillon (1960) has demon- O. ulI;versa, preceded by its natural precursors, oc- strated the presence of the o. universa at Frouas, curs for the first time in the Helvetian-Tortonian about 100 k.m. southwest of the type Aquitanian- rocks in Europe (Drooger, 1956; Cita and Elter in Burdigalian, which tends to support the idea that Cita and Premoli Silva, 1960; and Papp, 1963) . On the taxa were in the Miocene seas of the Aquitanian the other hand, the "British School" has advo- Basin area. The absence of the lineage taxa G. bi- cated the entry of O. universa in the Upper Aqui- sphericus to O. ulliversa from the type Aquitanian- tanian. First suggested by Blow (1957) in hi s work Burdigalian rocks also tends to support the evidence on Sicilian rocks, this has been repeated in subse- from the Vienna Basin and other European areas quent published works (Banner and Blow, 1959; that o. ulliversa made its initial appearance in the Banner and Blow, 1960; Eames et al., 1962) . Eames Helvetian-Tortonian Stages. ::,\TR IBUTIONS FROM THE CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH 13

Unfortunately, Sourdillon was not able to corre- truncanidae: U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 215, pp. Ie lhe rocks at Frouas with the type Aquitanian- 3-50, pis. I- II , text fi gs. 1-9. Burdigalian. The reason for this appears to have On, M. B. and PREMOLI SILVA, I., 1960, Pelagic bee n the lack of data on the pl anktonic Forami- Foraminifera from the type Langhian: Int. 'fera from the type Aquitanian-Burdigalian. Geol. Congo Repts. XXI Sess., Pt. XXII, Proc. Eames et 01. (1964) stated that the planktonic Internat. Paleont. Union, pp. 39-50. 'oraminiferal faunas obtained from the type Aqui- tanian-Burdigalian rocks are poor, but this has been CHAP MAN, F., PARR, W. J., and COLLI NS, A. C., refu ted by Jenkins (I964c). An examination of 1934, Tertiary Foraminifera of Victoria, Aus- Table I will indicate how many speci mens of each tralia. The Balcombi an deposits of Port Phil- spec ies were picked out. In tbe higher samples lips; Part III: Lin. Soc. London Journ. Zool., abundant unsorted specimens are present in the vo l. 3S, no. 262, p. 569. -ashed residues. CUSHMAN, 1. A. , and PONTON, G. M., 1932, The REFERENCES Foraminifera of tbe Upper, Middle and part _-\leERS, W. H., 1955, Some planktonic Foraminifera of the Lower Miocene of Florida: Florida of the American Gulf Coast and suggested cor- Geol. Surv. Bull., no. 9, p. 9S, pI. 15, figs. 2a-c relations with Caribbean Tertiary: Journ. Pa- (fide Ellis and Messina, 1940 et seq.). leont., vol. 29 , no. 4, pp. 647-664. DROOGER , C. W. , 1956, Transatlantic correlation of B.,N OY, O. L., 1963 , Cenozoic Pl anktonic Forami- tbe Oligo-Miocene by means of Foraminifera: niferal Zonation and Basi nal Development in Micropaleontology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. IS3-192, Philippines: Amer. Ass. Pet. Geol. Bull., vol. pI. I. 47, no. 9, pp. 1733-1745. ---, KAASSCHl ETER, J. P. H., and KEY, A. J., ---, 1964, The type of Globigerilla quadrilobata 1955, The Microfauna of tbe Aquitanian-Bur- d'Orbigny: Cushman Lab. Foram. Res. Contr., digali an of south western France: K. Neder- vo l. 15, pt. 1, pp. 36-37. landse Akad. Wetensch. Afd. Natuurk., Verh., B.,NNER, F. T. and BLOW, W. H ., 1959, Tbe Classi- ser. I , vol. 21 , pp. 1-136. fication and Stratigraphical distribution of tbe EAMES, F. E., BAN NER, F. T., BLOW, W. H., and Globigerinaceae: Palaeontology, vol. 2, pt. 1, CLARKE, W. J., 1962, Fundamentals of mid- pp. 1-27, pis. 1-3 . Tertiary stratigraphical correlation: Cambridge ---, 1960, Some Primary types of species be- Univ. Press, England, 163 pp. longing to the Superfamily Globigerinaceae : ---., and , 1964, New Cushman Found. Foram. Res. Contr., vol. II, Zealand Mid-Tertiary stratigraphical correla- pp. 1-4 1, pis. I-S. tion: Nature, vol. 203, no. 4941, pp. ISO-l SI. BERGGREN, W. A., 1963 , Review and discussion: ELLIS, B. F . and MESSINA, A. R ., 1940 et seq. A Micropaleontology, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 467-473. Catalogue of Foraminifera: New York: Amer. BLOW, W. H., 1956, Origin and evolution of the Mus. Nat. Hist., Spec. Publ., 30 vols. and sup- foraminiferal genus Orbulil/a d'Orbigny: Mi- plements, ilIus. cropaleontology, vol. 2, pp. 57-70. FINLAY, H. J., 1947, The foraminiferal Evidence for ---, 1957, Transatlantic correlation of Miocene Tertiary Trans-Tasman correlation: Trans. sedi ments: Micropaleontology, vol. 3, pp. 77- Roy. Soc. N. Z., vol. 76, pt. 3, pp. 327-352. 79. GIGNOUX, M., 1955, Stratigrapbic Geology: Englisb ---, 1959, Age, correlation and biostratigraphy translation of the 4th French Edition, 1950. of the Upper Tocuyo (San Lorenzo) and Poron W. H. Freeman and Company. Formations, Eastern Falcon, Venezuela: Bull. HOFK ER, 1., 1963a, Cassigeril/ella Pokorny, 1955, Amer. Paleont., vol. 39, no. 17S, pp. 59-251, and Islal/diella N¢rvang, 1955. Micropaleon- pis. 6-19. tology, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 321-324, pI. I. BOLLI, H. M., 1957, Planktonic Foraminifera from ---, 1963b, Einige pl anktoniscbe Foraminiferen the Oligocene-Miocene Cipero and Lengua For- aus dem borealen europaischen Oligozan : N. mations of Trinidad, B.W.I.: U. S. Nat. Mus. Jb. Geol. Paleont. Abb. vo l. liS (2), pp. 197- Bull. 215, pp. 97-123, pis. 22-29, text-figs. 17- 206. 21. HORNIBROOK, N. DE B. , 1955, New Zealand Upper ___, LOEBLlCH, A. R., and TAPPAN, H., 1957, Cretaceous and Tertiary foraminiferal zones Pl anktonic foraminiferal families Hantkenini- and some overseas correlations: Micropaleon- dae, Orbulinidae, Globorotaliidae and Globo- tology, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 25-3S, pI. I, tables 1-2. 14 JENKINS-AQUITANIAN-BURDIGALIAN PLANKTONIC FORA1o.UNIFERA

---, 196 1, Tertiary Foraminifera from Oamaru Micropaleontology, vol. 10, no. I, p. 72, text- District (N. Z.) Pt. - Systematics and Distri- fig. 1. bution: New Zealand Geol. Surv., Pal. Bull. ---, 1964c, New Zealand Mid-Tertiary strati- 34 ( I), pp. 1-192, pis. 1-28. graphical correlation: Nature, vol. 203, no. ---, The Orbulina bioseries in the Cliffden Sec- 4941, pp. 181-1 82. tion, New Zealand: 3 erne Congres Sur la Stra- ---., Two lineages from the Neogene planktonic tigraphie du Neogene Mediterraneen, Berne. Foraminifera of the Australasian region: 3 Ms. erne Congres Sur la Stratigraphie du Neogene Mediterraneen, Berne. Ms. JENKINS, D. G ., 1960, Planktonic foraminifera from LERoy, L. W., 1948, The foraminifer Orbulina the Lakes Entrance oil shaft, Victoria, Aus- universa d'Orbigny, a suggested Middle Tertiary tra li a : Micropaleontology, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. time indicator: Journ. Palaeont., vol. 22, no. 345-371, pis. 1-5, text fi gs. 1-10. 4, pp. 500-508. ---, 1964a, Preliminary Account of the type PAPP, A., 1963, D ie biostratigraphische Gliederung Aquitanian-Burdigalian Planktonic Foraminif- des Neogenes in Wiener Becken: Mitt. Geol. era: Cushman Found. Foram. Res. Contr., Ges. Wien. Band. 56, Heft. I, pp. 225-317. vol. 15, pp. 28-29, table 1. PARKER, F. L., 1962, Planktonic foraminiferal spe- ---, 1964b, A new planktonic foraminiferal sub- cies in Pacific sediments: Micropaleontology, species from the Australasian Lower Miocene: vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 219-254, pi s. 1-10.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1 All Figures X 75 FIGS. PAG E 1. Cassigerinella chipolensis (Cushman and Ponton) . Type Upper-Aquitanian sample No. 4 (GV 184b). la, side view; 1b, apertural view...... I 2. Catapsydrax sp. 1. Type Lower Aquitanian sample No.3 (GV 183a). 2a, spiral view; 2b, umbilical view; 2c, side view...... 3 3. Catapsydrax sp. 2. Type Lower Burdiga li an sample NO.5 (GT 125 ). 3a, spiral view; 3b, umbilical view; 3c, side view ...... "...... ' ...... 3 4. Globigerina brady; Wiesner. Type Upper Burdigali an sample NO.7 (GT 183b). Side view. 3 5. Globigerina bradyi Wiesner. Type Upper Burdiga li an sample No.7 (GT 183b) . Side view. 3 6. Globigerina ciperoensis angulisutllralis Bolli. Type Lower Aquitanian sample No. 3 (GV 183a) . 6a, spiral view; 6b, umbilical view; 6c, side view...... 4 7. Globigerilla ciperoellsis angustiumbilicata Bolli. Type Upper Burdigalian sa mple No. 7 (GT 183b). 7a, spiral view, 7b, umbilical view; 7c, side view...... 4 8. Globigerilla ciperoensis cf. G. ciperoellsis an gllstiumbilicata Bolli. Type Upper Burdigalian sample No. 7 (GT 183b). Umbilical view...... 4 9. Globigerina ciperoellsis ciperoellsis Bolli. Type Lower Aquitanian sample NO.3 (GV 183a). 9a, spiral view; 9b, umbilical view; 9c, side view...... 4 10. Globigerina eamesi Blow. Helvetian (?) sample No.8 (GT 130) . lOa, spiral view; lOb, um- bilical view; 10c, side view ...... "'''''''''...... 4 II. Globigerina !oliata Bolli. Type Upper Burdigalian sample No. 7 (GT 183b). lla, spiral view; !lb, umbilical view; llc, side view ...... "...... 5 12. Globigerilla iuvellilis Bolli. Type Upper Burdigalian sample No. 7 (GT 183b). 12a, spiral view; 12b, umbilical view; 12c, side view...... 5 13. Globigerina leroyi Blow and Banner. Type Upper Aquitanian sample No.4 (GV 184b). 13a, spiral view; 13b, umbilical view; i3c, side view...... 5 14. Globigerina ouachitaensis Howe and Wallace. Type Lower Aquitanian sample No.2 (GV 182a). 14a, spiral view; 14b, umbilical view; 14c, side view...... 5 15 . Globigerilla praebulloides Blow. Type Upper Burdigalian sample No.7 (GT 183 b). 15a, spiral view; 15b umbilical view; 15c, side view...... 6 16. Globigerina sp. Type Lower Aquitanian sample No. 1 (GV 180a). 16a, spiral view; 16b, um- bilical view; 16c, side view. """"'"'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ...... 6 17. Globigerilla woodi cf. G. woodi conllecta Jenkins. Type Upper Aquitanian sample No.4 (GV 184b). 17a, spiral view; 17b, umbilical view; 17c, side view...... 6 18. Globigerilla woodi woodi Jenkins. Type Upper Burdigalian sample No.7 (GT 183b) . 18a, spiral view; 18b, umbilical view; 18c, side view...... 6 19 . Globoquadrilla dehiscens (Chapman, Parr and Collins). Type Lower Aquitanian sample No. 3 (GV 183a). 19a, spiral view; 19b, umbilical view; 19c side view...... 6 CONTRIB. CUSHMAN FOUND. FORAM. R ESEARCH, VOL. 17 PLATE 1

3 b 3c

70 7c

90 9b 9c 8 100 lob lac

lib II c 110 12 a 12 b 12 c @cv© 140 14b 14c 13 a 13 b 13 c

160 16 b 16 c

15 a 15 b 15 c 8 17 a 17 b 17 c

18 a 18 b 18 c 19 a 19 b 19 c

Jenkins: Aquitanian-Burdigali an Planktonic Foraminifera CONTRIB. CUSHMAN FOUN D. FORAM. R ESEARCH, V OL. 17 P LATE 2

3 20

4c 40 4b 50 5 b 5c

80 6c 60 6b

8 b 70 7 b

9b

12 b 12 c 110 II b II c

13 c 13 a 13 b 4b 14 c

Jenkins : Aquitanian-Burdigalian P lanktonic Foraminifera F ROM THE C USHMAN F OUNDATION F OR FORAMIN IFERA L RESEARCH 15

R EISS , Z., 1963, Reclassification of Perforate Fo- Rev. de Micropaleontologie, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. raminifera: .Israel Geol. Surv. Bull. no. 35, pp. 81-94. I-III, pis. 1-8. TODD, R., 1961, On selection of Lectotypes and Neo- SoURDlLLON , 0., 1960, Etude micropaleontologique types: Cushman Found. Foram. Res. Contr., du Tertiare du Forage de Frouas (Landes): vol. 12, pI. 4, pp. 121-122.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2 All Figures X 75 F IGS. PAGE I. Globoquadrina dehiscens (Chapman, Parr and Collins). Type Upper Burdigalian sample No. 7 (GT 183b). Umbilical view...... 6 2. Globoquadrilla larmeui Akers. Type Upper Burdigalian sample No.7 (GT 183b). 2a, spiral view; 2b, umbilical view; 2c, side view ...... 7 3. Globoquadrilla larmeui Akers. Type Upper Burdigalian sample NO.7 (GT 183b). Umbilical view of a specimen with a bulla...... 7 4. Globigerinatella (1) sp. Type Upper Burdigalian sample No.7 (GT 183b). 4a, spiral view; 4b, umbilical view; 4c, side view...... 7 5. Globigerinoides apertasuturalis Jenkins. Helvetian (1) sample No.8 (GT 130). 5a, spiral view; 5b, umbilical view; 5c, side view...... 8 6. Globigerinoides altiaperturus Bolli. Type Lower Burdigalian sample NO.5 (GT 125). 6a, spiral view; 6b, umbilical view; 6c, side view...... 8 Globigerinoides cf. G. primordius Blow and Banner. Type Lower Aquitanian sample No. 3 (GV l83a). 7a, spiral view; 7b, umbilical view; 7c, side view...... 8 Globigerinoides trilobus trilobus (Reuss). Type Upper Burdigalian sample No.7 (GT 183b). 8a, spiral view; 8b, umbilical view; 8c, side view...... 9 9. Globorotalia continuosa Blow. Type Lower Aquitanian sample No.3 (GV 183a). 9a, spiral view; 9b, umbilical view; 9c, side view...... 9 10. Globorotalia obesa Bolli. Helvetian (1) sample No.8 (GT 130). lOa, spiral view; lOb, um- bilical view; 10c, side view...... 10 I I. Globorotalia saginata Jenkins, sp. nov., Holotype. Type Upper Burdigalian sample No.7 (GT 183b) . Ila, spiral view; II b, umbilical view; lie, side view...... 10 12. Globorotalia semivera (Hornibrook). Type Upper Burdigalian sample No. 6 (GT 136a). 12a, spiral view; 12b, umbilical view; 12c, side view...... 10 13. Globorotalia sp. Type Upper Aquitanian sample No. 4 (GV 184b) . 13a, spiral view; 13b, umbilical view; Be, side view...... 10 Sphaeroidillella eellala Subbotina. Type Upper Burdigalian sample No. 7 (GT 183b). 14a, spiral view; 14b, umbilical view; 14c, side view...... 11