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Paleogene Neogene Quaternary Chronostratigraphy Pleistocene Standard Pliocene Miocene Epoch Holocene Oligocene Piacenzian Tortonian Langhian Zanclean M Time ScaLe R Creator Neogene-Late Oligocene (0-33 Ma time-slice) CHRONOS Cen Mesozoic Sponsored, in part, by: Paleozoic Precambrian ICS Updated by James G. Ogg (Purdue University) and Gabi Ogg to: GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE 2004 (Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Smith, A.G., et al., 2004) and The CONCISE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE (Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G., and Gradstein, F.M., 2008) Based, in part, on: CENOZOIC-MESOZOIC BIOCHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY: JAN HARDENBOL, JACQUES THIERRY, MARTIN B. FARLEY, THIERRY JACQUIN, PIERRE-CHARLES DE GRACIANSKY, AND PETER R. VAIL,1998. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sequence Chronostratigraphic Framework of European Basins in: De Graciansky, P.- C., Hardenbol, J., Jacquin, Th., Vail, P. R., and Farley, M. B., eds.; Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins, SEPM Special Publication 60. Standard Geo- Sequences Marine Marine Planktonic Foraminifers Larger Benthic Foraminifers Calcareous Nannofossils Dinoflagellate Cysts North Sea Radiolarians Diatoms Ostracodes Charophytes Mammals Regional Stages Stage South Age O-18 C-13 Chronostratigraphy Microfossil Zones Age magnetic Composite Composite North Atlantic North Sea Asian American Sequences T-R Major T-R 0 0 Other Larger Benthic Mammals Mammals Italian Pleistocene Polarity ( /00 PDB) ( /00 PDB) Period Epoch Stage Global Cycles Cycles 0 5 0 2 Zones Zonal Markers Other Foraminifers Additional Foraminifers Zones Zonal Markers Foraminifers Zones Zonal Markers Other Nannofossils Zones Zonal Markers Other Dinocysts Zones Zonal Markers Zones North Sea Event Zonal Markers Other Radiolarians Zones Zonal Markers Other Diatoms Boreal Ostracodes Tethyan Ostracodes Zones Zonal Markers NALMA North American Mammals ELMA European Mammals ALMA SALMA Stages California Australia LGM 0 Holocene Lt. Pleist. Bolliella calida Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica to E. RN17 Buccinosphaera invaginata Rancho- Platygonus compressus Tarantian Tyrrhenian Hallian Lt. Pleist. 0 MIS 6 Globorotalia flexuosa Globigerinoides ruber rosa NN21 CN15 Emiliania huxleyi NPD12 Mictrotus meadensis, Microtus paroperarius 0.126 MIS 8 huxleyi shift of dominance [in" c Un-named 0.126 b Spiniferites elongatus RN16 labrean Ir 3 Megalonyx jeffersonii 0.44 Globorotalia flexuosa NN20 b transitional" waters] MIS 12 Globoquadrina pseudofoliata Collosphaera tuberosa Proboscia curvirostris Thallassiosira jouseae S. contortus, A. woodwardi Mictomys kansasensis/mel, Ondatra annectens, 0.64 Pseudoemiliania lacunosa Tectatodinium pellitum Melitasphaeridium RN15 Stylatractus universus Bison Meglonyx weatleyi M. Pleist. Globorotalia hirsuta Elphidium clavatum, Cassidulina Pterocorys hertwegii Ionian M. Pleist. medium (over 4 micron) choanephorum, L. parviconvexa Anthocyrtidium nosicaae Ir 2 Lujanian MIS 16 Globorotalia tosaensis CN14 teretis, Cassidulina 0.86 a Gephyrocapsa spp. reentrance NPD11 Ondatara zibethicus 0.79 NSR 13 (Cass. scaldisiensis, Neogloboquadrina Smilodon gracilis, Allophaiomys pliocaenicus 0.79 C1 MIS 22 Pt1 Globorotalia crassaformis hessi (reemG event) Melitasphaeridium RN14 Anthocyrtidium euryclathrum pachyderma Pterocorys campanula Rhizosolenia matuyamai Smilodon populator Ense- N22 Globigerina cariacoensis Reticulofenestra asanoi (FCO) teretis) Pleistocene choanephorum Rhizosolenia matuyamai Miracinonyx inexpectatus nadan Wheelerian Tuberculodinium vancampoae Lamprocyrtis nigriniae Sicilian Microtus meadensis, Lemmiscus curtatus a Globoturborotalita obliquus NN19 Anthocyrtidium angulare A. speyeri Pulleniatina finalis Actinocyclus oculatus Platygonus vetus un-named E. Pleist. Helicosphaera sellii Lamprocyrtis neoheteroporos Emilian E. Pleist. b b RN13 Proboscia curvirostris Ir 1 Ondatra annectens, Microtus sp. (5T) Calabrian Werrikooian 1.54 Neogloboquadrina acostaensis medium (over 4 micron) Irvingtonian MIS 52 (Cala 2) Pulleniatina finalis Pulleniatina (Atl.) -- reappearance CN13 Gephyrocapsa spp. (bmG event) Amiculosphaera Amiculosphaera umbracula Anthocyrtidium michelinae NPD10 Mammuthus Stegomastodon MIS 58 (Cala 1) Anthocyrtidium angulare Thalassiosira antiqua Coscinodiscus pustulatus Santomian 1.65 Truncorotalia (Globorotalia) Globoturborotalita apertura Calcidiscus macintyrei Selenopemphix dionaeacysta 1.81 Globorotalia truncatulinoides umbracula Pterocanium prismatium Phenacomys Hypolagus, Ophiomys, Mictomys vetus 1.81 truncatulinoides Globigerinoides fistulosus a [Pacific] Cassidulina grossa, Ammonia Pterocorys zancleus Fragilariopsis doliolus Pyxidicula horridus Menardella exilis Discoaster brouweri beccari 2.16 PL6 Globigerinoides extremus Discoaster triradiatus (acme) Discoaster triradiatus D21 Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata, RN12b Neodenticula koizumii Platygonus vetus Megalonyx leptostomus, Platygonus bicalcaratus, Uquian Venturian C2 Ge 2 Globorotalia crassaformis NN18 d Operculodinium janduchenei Theocorythium vetulum Ondatra idahoensis Spiniferites pachyderma Reticulatosphaera Pyxidicula pustulata Gelasian Gelasian (S coiling) Menardella limbata NSR 12B Cycladophora davisiana Bl 5 Northrotheriops, Mictomys kansasensis/mel, MN17 Gelasian Menardella pertenuis Discoaster pentaradiatus Cassidulina grossa LCO, NPD9 2.50 NN17 c actinocoronata (Cass. grossa) Sigmoilopsis schlumbergeri, Thalassiosira convexa Allophaiomys pliocaenicus Prodipodomys Quaternary Ge 1 Menardella (Globorotalia) Globorotalia crassaformis Globoturborotalita woodi Invertocysta tabulata Anthocyrtidium jenghisi Lamprocyrtis neoheteroporus Neodenticula seminae Repettian 2.59 miocenica (Atl); Globorotalia Globoturborotalita decoraperta Discoaster surculus Nonion affine LCO, RN12a Yatalan 2.59 (D coiling) b Onadatra idahoensis, Smilodon gracilis 2.80 PL5 pseudomiocenica (Indo-Pac) Monspeliensis pseudotepida, Nanippus peninsulatus, Borophagus diversidens, Selenopemphix brevispinosa, Theocorythium trachelium Neodenticula kamtschatica Neodenticula kamtschatica (LCO) Pia 2 Menardella multicamerata CN12 Globorotalia inflata (pl. foram) Glossotherium chapadmalense, Mictomys vetus Glossotherium chapadmalense Discoaster tamalis Piccoladinium fenestratum Stichocorys peregrina Bl 4 Sphaeroidinellopsis dehiscens Globorotalia crassaformis trachelium. Anthocyrtidium ehrenbergi Dentoglobigerina altispira (S coiling) MN16 N20/ s.str. Hirsutella cibaoensis NN16 S. North Sea: Hyalinea balthica RN11b Thalassiosira marujamica Miracinonyx inexpectatus Procasteroides Piacenzian 3.27 PL4 Invertocysta lactymosa NSR 12A Didymocyrtis tetrathalamus Piacenzian Globorotalia inflata Didymocyrtis avita NPD8 Pia 1 N21 Sphaeroidinellopsis seminulina a a Selenopemphix tetrathalamus U. margaritifera Sylvilagus C2A Globigerinoides fistulosus Globorotalia sp.cf. G. crassula Globoquadrina baroemoenensis (Glob. inflata) Thalassiosira jacksonii Blancan Paenemarmota, Chapad- Globorotalia crassaformis Anthocyrtidium pliocenica Menardella (Globorotalila) brevispinosa Pliolemmus malalan PL3 (D coiling) Phormostichoartus fistula Dipoides rexroadensis, Ogmodontomys poaphagus, 3.60 miocenica Menardella pertenuis Pulleniatina (Atl. disappearance) RN11a Neodenticula koizumii Bl 3 3.60 Sphenolithus spp. Actinocyclus oculatus Pliopotamys, Pliolemmus Not Melitasphaeridium choanophorum Edwardsiella sexispinosum PLANK. FORAMS = Lychnodictyum audax Stegomastodon, Platygonus bicalcaratus Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilicus Amphirhopalum ypsilon Globorotalia tosaensis named NN15 Neogloboquadrina atlantica, MN15 Pulleniatina primalis Globorotalia plesiotumida Kalimnan Hirsutella (Globorotalia) margaritae Phormostichoartus doliolum Borophagus diversidens, Megalonyx leptostomus, Discoaster asymmetricus (FCO) Spiniferites cf. pseudofurcatus Globorotalia crassaformis, Borophagus hilli, Platygonus pearcei NN14 b Discoaster tricorniculatus RN10 Spongaster pentas Pliocene Za 2 4.01 PL2 Truncorotalia (Globorotalia) CN11 Globorotalia puncticulata, Spongaster tetras tetras Glyptotherium crassaformis s.l. Operculodinium piaseckii Neogloboquadrina humerosa Megantereon Globoconella (Globorotalia) Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata Spiniferites splendidus Pliopotamys Pulleniatina spectabilis Menardella exilis a NSR 11 Didymocyrtis penultima Didymocyrtis avita Spongaster berminghami, puncticulata Spongaster klingi Bl 2 b Globoturborotalita nepenthes (Neoglob. Ogmodontomys poaphagus MN14 Zanclean Sphaeroidinellopsis kochi b Operculodinium NPD7Bc Zanclean Za 1 NN13 Amaurolithus primus Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilica, 4.62 atlantica) Ophiomys, Platygonus pearcei, Dipoides rexroadensis Cheltenhamian Discoaster ovata piaseckii Pterocanium prismatium Bl 1 Ogmodontomys sawrockensis Globigerinoides seiglei c Operculodinium tegillatum Reticulofenestra antarctica Thalassiosira latimarginata Ursus 5 N18 PL1 CN10 Ceratolithus rugosus T. insigna 5 C3 a Ceratolithus acutus Barssidinium evangelinae Nanippus peninsulatus, Ogmodontomys sawrockensis b Ceratolithus acutus Solenosphaera omnitubus C. carinata, C. simplex, A. Delmontian 5.33 Sphaeroidinellopsis dehiscens NN12 Cristadinium diminutivum Spongaster pentas procera, Soleno. omni. omnitubus convexa, A. emathlae 5.33 Triquetrorhabdulus rugosus Bolboforma metzmacheri, Thalassiosira oestrupii Hh 4 Eocioleus; carnivores (Lutra, Megantereon, Mustela, a NPD7Bb Sminthosinus, Trigonictis); arvicolines (Ogmodontomys, Globorotalia tumida Globorotalia pliozea, Globorotalia Cibicides telegdi; PLANK. RN9 Pterocorys campanula Acrobotrys tritubus Globorotalia humilis M. latimarginata parvipunctata O. plictatula, C. plannonica Protopliophenacomys) and Miopetaurista (flying squirrel) 5.77 sphericomiozea Discoaster quinqueramus FORAMS = Neogloboquadrina Me 2 d d in Hh 4 D20 atlantica
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