DOCSLIB.ORG

European Defence Capabilities: Lessons from the Past, Signposts for the Future Oral and Written Evidence

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
European Defence Capabilities: Lessons from the Past, Signposts for the Future Oral and Written Evidence EU FOREIGN AFFAIRS, DEFENCE AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY SUB-COMMITTEE Inquiry into European Defence Capabilities: lessons from the past, signposts for the future Oral and written evidence Contents Dr Dana Allin, International Institute for Strategic Studies – Oral Evidence (QQ 71-90) ........ 3 BAE Systems – Oral evidence (QQ 314-344) ................................................................................... 17 Memorandum by Mr Edgar Buckley, E. V. Buckley Consulting Ltd .............................................. 37 Ambassador Nicholas Burns – Oral Evidence (QQ 266-290) ....................................................... 41 Professor Malcolm Chalmers, Royal United Services Institute – Oral evidence (QQ 91-115) ...................................................................................................................................................................... 57 Ms Xenia Dormandy, Chatham House – Oral Evidence (QQ 71-90) ......................................... 80 Mr Etienne de Durand, Institut français des relations internationales - Oral Evidence (QQ 291-313) ..................................................................................................................................................... 81 European Defence Agency, Madame Claude-France Arnould, Chief Executive – Oral evidence (QQ 197-220)........................................................................................................................ 106 European External Action Service, Mr Robert Cooper, Counsellor – Oral Evidence (QQ 116-131) ................................................................................................................................................... 118 European External Action Service, Mr Maciej Popowski, Deputy Secretary-General – Oral evidence(QQ 244-265) ......................................................................................................................... 127 European External Action Service, Mr Walter Stevens, Director, Crisis Management & Planning Department – Oral evidence (QQ 132-154) .................................................................. 136 European External Action Service, Mr Pierre Vimont, Executive Secretary-General – Oral Evidence (QQ 176-196) ....................................................................................................................... 148 European Union Military Committee, General Syrén, Chairman – Oral Evidence (QQ 155- 175) ........................................................................................................................................................... 161 European Union Military Staff, Lieutenant General Ton van Osch, Director-General – Oral evidence (QQ 221-234)........................................................................................................................ 172 Finmeccanica UK – Oral Evidence (QQ 314-344) ......................................................................... 185 Foreign and Commonwealth Office – Oral evidence (QQ 35-70) ............................................ 186 Foreign and Commonwealth Office – Oral evidence (QQ 345-368) ........................................ 187 Memorandum by Dr Bastian Giegerich, Bundeswehr Institute for Social Sciences and International Institute for Strategic Studies ...................................................................................... 188 Professor Anand Menon, University of Birmingham – Oral evidence (QQ 91-115) ............. 192 Ministry of Defence – Oral evidence (QQ 35-70) ......................................................................... 193 Ministry of Defence – supplementary written evidence ............................................................... 213 Ministry of Defence – Oral evidence (QQ 345-368) ..................................................................... 216 Ministry of Defence – further supplementary written evidence ................................................. 235 Dr Christian Mölling, Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP; German Institute for International and Security Affairs) – Oral evidence (QQ 291-313) ........................................... 237 NATO Defence Policy Planning, Major General Heinrich Brauss, Deputy Assistant Secretary- General – Oral evidence (QQ 235-243) .......................................................................................... 238 Sir Peter Ricketts, National Security Adviser – Oral Evidence (QQ 1-34) .............................. 247 Thales UK – Oral Evidence (QQ 314-344) ...................................................................................... 264 UK Aerospace, Defence, Security and Space Industries (ADS) – Oral Evidence (QQ 314- 344) ........................................................................................................................................................... 265 Memorandum by Nick Witney, European Council on Foreign Relations ................................. 266 2 of 270 Dr Dana Allin, International Institute for Strategic Studies – Oral Evidence (QQ 71-90) Dr Dana Allin, International Institute for Strategic Studies – Oral Evidence (QQ 71-90) Evidence Session No. 3. Heard in Public. Questions 71 - 90 THURSDAY 3 NOVEMBER 2011 Members present Lord Teverson (Chairman) Lord Inge Lord Jay of Ewelme Lord Jopling Lord Lamont of Lerwick Lord Selkirk of Douglas Lord Sewel Lord Trimble Lord Williams of Elvel ________________ Examination of Witnesses Witnesses: Dr Dana Allin, International Institute for Strategic Studies, and Ms Xenia Dormandy, Chatham House. Q71 The Chairman: Good morning and welcome to this session. This is the fourth of the open evidence sessions in our inquiry into the military capabilities available to the European Union, where we are trying to understand how European defence and the security policies of the European Union fit into how defence and security work more generally—not just for this continent but how that fits into a broader north Atlantic position. As you have probably guessed, we want to look at the American dimension, which is particularly important. The EU-NATO relationship has come up strongly in a number of other studies that we have done in the past. I will just formally remind you that this is a public evidence session. We are being webcast. We are also taking a transcription and you will get a copy of that within the week; if you see any factual errors, you will be able to correct those. I think that you have had an idea of the sort of questions that we want to ask. I do not think that either of you wants to make an opening statement but I will ask if you could just introduce yourselves. It is very much up to you who answers which question; it is not compulsory for both of you to answer all the questions but clearly you are very welcome to if you wish. I hope that is clear. Perhaps I could ask you to introduce yourselves briefly, then we will start the session. Xenia Dormandy: Sure. Thank you very much, first of all, for inviting me today. I am Xenia Dormandy and I currently run the project on the United States at Chatham House. I have spent 13 of the last 15 years living in the US—I am half-American and half-British—with four 3 of 270 Dr Dana Allin, International Institute for Strategic Studies – Oral Evidence (QQ 71-90) of those years working in the US Government. I was in the State Department, in the Vice- President’s office and in the National Security Council focusing on South Asia, on homeland security and on non-proliferation. I then spent about four years at Harvard, running a research centre on international affairs there, then a couple of years in Switzerland. I arrived here about six months ago and, as I say, I am working at Chatham House on the US. Dr Dana Allin: Thank you very much for the invitation. I am Dana Allin. I am a senior fellow for US foreign policy and transatlantic affairs at the International Institute for Strategic Studies. I am also the editor of Survival. I am all-American but I have spent 14 years in the UK and quite a few years before that in many places in Europe. I think that my sort of expatriate situation actually brings out more rather than less of an American perspective, if you understand what I mean. The Chairman: That is something interesting to explore, maybe later or afterwards. Perhaps we could start off with Lord Jay. Q72 Lord Jay of Ewelme: Thank you very much, Lord Chairman. Could I ask to start with whether you see US policy as switching, in a way, from Europe towards what it would perceive to be its own strategic interests that lie more in the Pacific? If that is the case, would that be for political or strategic reasons or because there has to be a choice, given budgetary constraints, and would you see that as being to the detriment of NATO? As a second part to that question, can you see whether any evolution or change in the way in which NATO operates could affect the way in which the US regards it? Those are the key questions for me. Xenia Dormandy: Perhaps I will start. I am sure that many of you saw Secretary Clinton’s speech of about two or three weeks ago, which was about US attitudes towards Asia-Pacific. There is no question at all that the US does see Asia-Pacific as the most challenging area— the area where there is most opportunity but most threat as well—so there is clearly, and has been during the Obama Administration a shift, as it were, towards Asia. With that understanding, that is not to say that there is an ignorance of Europe or that America is actually moving
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gesellschaft Im Wandel a Changing Society Die Neue
    01/12 Das Magazin für DAAD-Alumni The magazine for DAAD alumni www.daad-magazin.de GESELLSCHAFT IM WANDEL A CHANGING SOCIETY DIE NEUE LUST AN DER PHILOSOPHIE THE RETURN OF PHILOSOPHY Maciej Noskowski/Vetta (2) Maciej Noskowski/Vetta „ExistenzundDasein: DeutschePhilosophie lebtdavon.Alsobinichhier.“ Servanne Jollivet, Frankreich, Absolventin der Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) Paris, promoviert an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Sie beschäftigt sich vor allem mit Martin Heidegger. Das Foto wurde in der Philologischen Bibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin aufgenommen. B_PHIL_Jollivet_02_1_dt.pdfB_PHIL_Jollivet_02_1_dt_rz.indd 1 18.04.12 17:42 RUBIntrROIK AE DRIUBTORRIKI L LETTER 01/2012 UPDATE BRASILIEN Mitte Februar 2012 haben Bundes­ außenminister Guido Westerwelle und DAAD­ Gesellschaft Präsidentin Margret Wintermantel das Deutsche Wissenschafts­ und Innovationshaus (DWIH) in São Paulo eröffnet. Die neue Einrichtung in der im Wandel brasilianischen Wirtschaftsmetropole will den A changing society wissenschaftlichen und technologischen Aus­ tausch mit Partnern in Brasilien vertiefen und Interesse für den Forschungsstandort Deutsch­ land wecken. Es ist nach New York das zweite von fünf geplanten DWIH weltweit, das offiziell die Arbeit aufgenommen hat. Am 10. und 11. Mai LIEBE LESERINNEN UND LESER, in diesem treffen sich DWIH­Vertreter zu einem „Global Jahr hat sich der DAAD zum ersten Mal ein Workshop“ in Berlin. Jahresthema gestellt, das uns in vielen Ver- BRAZIL In mid­February 2012 Federal Foreign anstaltungen weltweit begleiten wird: „Ge- Minister Guido Westerwelle and DAAD Presi­ sellschaft im Wandel – Wandel durch Aus- dent Margret Wintermantel officially opened the tausch“. Auf meinen Reisen beeindruckt German House of Science and Innovation (DWIH) mich immer wieder der große Aufbruchs- in São Paulo.
    [Show full text]
  • Transatlantic Minority Political Leadership Conference 2011.Pdf
    Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe SECOND ANNUAL TRANSATLANTIC MINORITY POLITICAL LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE March 24, 2011 European Parliament Brussels, Belgium E-Report Overview The Transatlantic Minority Political Leadership Conference has taken place annually at the headquarters of the European Parlia- ment in Brussels since the seminal Black European Summit (BES): Transatlantic Dialogue on Political Inclusion, held in 2009. The events focus on Black and ethnic minority political participation in Europe and North America. This year’s Conference focused on the social and political inclusion of ethnic and racial minority popula- tions in Europe and the United States. Participants considered the adoption of an EU-U.S. Joint Strategy on Racial and Ethnic Equality, similar to current United States’ initiatives with Brazil and Colombia that address issues of inequality and discrimination. Agenda 1:00 – 2:15 pm Welcome Lunch Speakers: The Honorable Hannes Swoboda MEP, Socialist &Democrats Group The Honorable Alcee L. Hastings, Member of the U.S. House of Representatives The Honorable Claude Moraes, MEP, Socialist &Democrats Group 2:30 – 4:15 pm Parliamentary Forum: Including Diversity on the Transatlantic Agenda: The case for a EU-U.S. Joint Strategy on Racial and Ethnic Equality and Inclusion Forum Chairs: The Honorable Alcee L. Hastings, Member of the U.S. House of Representatives The Honorable Peter Skinner, Member of the European Parliament Special Remarks: Maciej Popowski, Deputy Secretary General, European External Action Service Witnesses: Ioannis Dimitrakopoulos, Head of Equality and Citizens' Rights Department, European Union Fundamental Rights Agency Zakiya Carr Johnson, Sr. Advisor, Race, Ethnicity, and Social Inclusion Unit, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Baroness Catherine Ashton High Representative of the European
    HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732-2009 Fax: + 32 (2) 732-0471 Baroness Catherine Ashton High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Vice-President of the European Commission 200, rue de la Loi B-1049 Brussels Brussels, August 13th , 2011 Dear High Representative, I am writing to urge you to support the urgent adoption of a European Union freeze on any assets, located within the European Union, of the Syrian National Oil Company, Syrian National Gas Company, and the Central Bank of Syria, until the Syrian government demonstrates that it has stopped committing gross human rights abuses against its own citizens. As the human rights situation in Syria continues to deteriorate, the freezing of assets in the European Union would send a powerful message to the Syrian government that its assets in the EU would not be freely available to finance repression or fund serious human rights abuses. While we welcome the targeted sanctions already invoked by the EU against 35 Syrian officials and four entities in response to widespread, serious, and un-remedied human rights abuses by Syrian security forces, we believe the time has come for the EU to freeze the assets of these additional three key Syrian government institutions. Such sanctions would be similar to those the EU imposed against the Libyan oil sector and central bank earlier this year. Since the beginning of antigovernment protests in mid-March, Human Rights Watch has documented a systematic pattern of serious human rights violations committed by Syria‘s authorities.
    [Show full text]
  • Prospettive Della Sicurezza in Europa
    Ricerca CeMiSS 2008 Prospettive della sicurezza in Europa Direttore Dottor Andrea Grazioso I INDICE Sintesi I Executive Summary IV Introduzione 1 I Trattati e gli Accordi di limitazione degli armamenti e di disarmo 7 Le formazioni multinazionali euro-atlantiche 22 Scenari di confronto 31 Conclusioni 57 Annessi Evoluzione degli apparati militari 65 Spesa militare 120 II Sintesi In questo studio si tenta di individuare alcuni dei più probabili elementi di minaccia alla sicurezza dei Paesi del Continente europeo, sulla base dei trend in atto. Per questo esercizio si è necessariamente dovuto restringere il campo dell’analisi, ed in particolare si è deciso di far riferimento ad un concetto di sicurezza “forte”, quella “ hard security ” che viene convenzionalmente associata alla sicurezza “militare”. Si tratta di una scelta consapevolmente “contro-corrente”, giacché da molti anni ormai sembra essere prediletta l’analisi di un più largo spettro di minacce, e quindi un concetto più allargato di sicurezza. Si è invece ritenuto opportuno tornare a ragionare attorno al problema della “ hard security ”, o della “difesa” in senso tradizionale, perché negli ultimi anni si sono sostanzialmente modificate alcune delle condizioni che avevano permesso di “mettere in naftalina” le idee più tradizionali, associate al periodo della Guerra Fredda. La NATO, e parallelamente la dimensione di sicurezza e difesa dell’Unione Europea, sono cambiate sostanzialmente negli ultimi quindici anni, riorientando la loro finalità sempre più verso la proiezione di stabilità al di fuori del Continente europeo, o dell’area euro-atlantica. La postura militare dei Paesi europei è sostanzialmente cambiata, soprattutto attraverso la riduzione degli apparati militari e la costituzione di un crescente numero di Forze multinazionali.
    [Show full text]
  • The Analysis of Poland's Accession Process to The
    THE ANALYSIS OF POLAND’S ACCESSION PROCESS TO THE EUROPEAN UNION A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY BAŞAK İLİSULU IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN EUROPEAN STUDIES GRADUATE PROGRAMME APRIL 2004 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Sencer AYATA Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Dr. Ali GİTMEZ Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Dr. Atila ERALP Supervisor Examining Committee Members: Prof. Dr. Atila ERALP Asst. Prof. Dr. Sevilay KAHRAMAN Asst. Prof. Dr. Sanem BAYKAL ABSTRACT THE ANALYSIS OF POLAND’S ACCESSION PROCESS TO THE EUROPEAN UNION İlisulu, Başak M.S. Graduate Programme of European Studies Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Atila Eralp April 2004, 160 Pages The year of 1989 was a milestone in re-creation of the European continent and the relations between states of Western and Eastern Europe. After the collapse of Eastern Bloc, namely the end of the Cold War era, the relations were reshaped and there was a convergence of the Western and Eastern sides of the continent to common values, rules and political and economic structures. As a result of these new developments in the continent, the fifth enlargement wave of the European Union occurred. This was a controversial issue for the entire Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • DIGITAL CROSSBORDER DEBATES 21 April 2021
    « DIGITAL CROSSBORDER DEBATES #EU4Balkans 21 April 2021 Contact details Location: online and in studio Address of the studio IPC building (opposite to Berlaymont) Boulevard Charlemagne 1, 1000 Brussels at INS-Instant News Services on the 6th floor Technical Director Jean-Louis Frisée, Studio & TV director: +32 477 27 58 98 email: [email protected] Balkan Trafik team Nicolas Wieërs, Director 00373 60 66 22 09 (whatsapp) email: [email protected] Eneida Guce, Artistic Production +32491 174972 (whatsapp) email: [email protected] Maris Sophie Lemaire - Welcome desk +32 474 87 82 65 The objective of the event is to organise 6 debates on topics relevant for Interreg IPA programmes with stakeholders from the Western Balkans and a sample of key opinion leaders, experts and guests from the EU and the Western Balkans (Balkan Trafik 2021 participants). Due to the Covid-19 pandemic these debates will take place in a hybrid form, combining the physical presence of a moderator and 1 or 2 experts, with the digital presence of guests/stakeholders from the Western Balkans via digital cross-border video conferencing. MODERATOR debates #1-5: Olaf Bruns Olaf is a Brussels-based journalist. A former Deputy Head of the Brussels office of the international Tv news broadcaster Euronews, he now works as a freelancer. Amongst others, he writes for the European Green Journal and is the deputy editor- in-chief of the quarterly magazine Progressive Post. He provides Media Training via Crown Media and teaches journalism at the Brussels-based media school IHECS. He holds a master’s degree in Social Anthropology form Paris VIII University with several years of social science research work in various African countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Template
    ANALYSIS ON THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL AND SUPRANATIONAL CONSTRICTIONS ON THE EXTERNAL ACTION SERVICE Alessandro Manghisi N°3/2011 ANALYSIS ON THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL AND SUPRANATIONAL CONSTRICTIONS ON THE EXTERNAL ACTION SERVICE Supervisor: Prof. Luigi Moccia Thesis presented by Alessandro Manghisi Academic Year 2010-11 ii CENTRO ALTIERO SPINELLI Working Papers N°1 - 2010 Via G. Chiabrera 199 00149 Roma Tel. +39.06.5733.5212 Fax: +39.60.5733.xxxx www.centrospinelli.eu [email protected] ©2010 Simonetta Stabile EAS 11/08/2011 Centro Altiero Spinelli iii Statutory Declaration I hereby declare that this thesis has been written by myself without any external unauthorized help, that it has been neither presented to any institution for evaluation or previously published in its entirety or in parts. Any parts, words or ideas, of the thesis, however limited, and including tables, graphs, maps etc., which are quoted from or based on other sources, have been acknowledged as such without exception. <15,466> (including references and abstract) iv Abstract In the first period of the 2000s every commentator noticed and discussed the lack of consistency and coherence in the limited external actorness of the EU. Thus the Convention for the Future of Europe introduced its initiative to create a European service to enhance the aspects of coherence and consistency in the external action. This proposal followed the demand of the Laeken Declaration of greater coherence in the European external relations. The Convention introduced the idea of an External Action Council (in the future the Foreign Affairs Council), the institution of a “one joint service” and of a European Diplomatic Academia.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliamentary Dimension of the Polish Presidency
    Zbigniew CZACHÓR Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznañ, Poland Parliamentary dimension of the Polish presidency Introduction he process of European integration has contributed to a significant Tconcentration of member states’ political power in the hands of a bu- reaucratic-executive elite. This has been a result of European Union insti- tutions discriminating in favor of national administrations rather than respective parliamentary institutions. Thereby, a European pattern of su- premacy of the executive elite has been established, based on a mecha- nism of strict cooperation, and a system of institutional links between European and national bureaucracies. Unfortunately, national parliaments and the European Parliament were significantly late in responding to this process. This resulted in a lack of efficient methods to monitor political decision-makers and officials as regards their activity in the European fo- rum. Not only has the integration system undermined the general powers of nation-states, but it has created a powerful bureaucracy whose compe- tences have significantly increased on account of its international connec- tions (Czachór, 2004, pp. 266–271). Additionally, the logic of resolving conflicts within the EU by means of negotiations in the framework of ‘community-intergovernmental co-operation’ has resulted in the supervi- sory role of (national) parliaments becoming highly illusory (Herbut, 1998, p. 313). From year to year, the role of national parliaments has been decreasing also in regard to the presidency. It was reduced to a mechanical implemen- tation (harmonization) of Community principles, limited control over the activity and main directions of national governments’ policies, and the consent to admit new states and change treaties.
    [Show full text]
  • THE FUTURE of EUROPEAN SECURITY Adapting to New Threats TABLE of CONTENTS Features
    VOLUME 8, ISSUE 1, 2017 Journal of European Security and Defense Issues n HARNESSING NATO’S STRENGTH n POOLING AND SHARING RESOURCES Preventing conflicts with Russia NATO’s Article 3 is tested n THE CASE FOR ‘CITIZEN SOLDIERS’ PLUS Countering threats to EU security Humanistic and innovative military training n REASSESSING SECURITY SYSTEMS Diplomacy as a defense strategy Ukrainian crisis changes the dynamic Building a better neighborhood policy THE FUTURE OF EUROPEAN SECURITY Adapting to New Threats TABLE OF CONTENTS features 10 NATO’s Land Forces By Gen. John W. Nicholson, U.S. Army NATO has established the Readiness Action Plan to deal with the threat posed by Russian aggression. 16 Preserving EU Security By Gabor Csizmazia, National University of Public Service, Budapest, Hungary Regional cohesion is key to challenges posed by multiple crises and new uncertainties. 22 Building Stronger Neighbors By Teodor Lucian Moga, assistant professor at the Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University European Union policies toward its neighbors must be consistent, coherent. 28 EU-Wide Internal Security Forces By Alfred C. Lugert, in cooperation with Władysław Bartoszewski, Tuomas Forsberg, Maria Grazia Galantino, Alain Lamballe, Alain Pellegrini, Alexandra Richie and Walter Tancsits Member states explore using “citizen soldiers” to 10 deal with threats inside Europe. 34 Shifting Positions By Farid Osmanov, Chevening Scholar at the University of Oxford, Blavatnik School of Government Why regional cooperation in Afghanistan fails to deliver. 40 NATO in the Western Balkans By Maj. Gen. Walter T. Lord, U.S. Army National Guard Given the security dynamics in Europe, NATO can no longer accept intermittent success in the integration of Western Balkan aspirants.
    [Show full text]
  • Eu Whoiswho Official Directory of the European Union
    EUROPEAN UNION EU WHOISWHO OFFICIAL DIRECTORY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION EUROPEAN COMMISSION 16/06/2020 Managed by the Publications Office © European Union, 2020 FOP engine ver:20180220 - Content: - merge of files"Commission_root.xml", "The_College.XML1.5.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_CABINETS.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_SG.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/ CRF_COM_SJ.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_COMMU.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_IDEA.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_UKTF.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/ CRF_COM_ECFIN.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_GROW.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_DEFIS.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_COMP.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/ CRF_COM_EMPL.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_AGRI.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_ENER.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_CLIMA.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/ CRF_COM_MOVE.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_ENV.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_RTD.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_JRC.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/ CRF_COM_CNECT.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_MARE.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_FISMA.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/CRF_COM_REGIO.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml", "temp/ CRF_COM_REFORM.RNS.FX.TRAD.DPO.dated.XML1.5.ANN.xml",
    [Show full text]
  • European Yearbook of International Economic Law
    European Yearbook of International Economic Law Advisory Board Armin von Bogdandy Thomas Cottier Eleanor M Fox Stefan Griller Armin Hatje Meinhard Hilf John H Jackson William E Kovacic Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann Bruno Simma Rudolf Streinz Editors Christoph Herrmann Markus Krajewski Jorg€ Philipp Terhechte More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8165 Christoph Herrmann • Bruno Simma • Rudolf Streinz Editors Trade Policy between Law, Diplomacy and Scholarship Liber amicorum in memoriam Horst G. Krenzler Editors Christoph Herrmann Bruno Simma University of Passau Iran-United States Claims Tribunal Passau The Hague Germany The Netherlands Rudolf Streinz Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Munich Germany European Yearbook of International Economic Law ISBN 978-3-319-15689-7 ISBN 978-3-319-15690-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-15690-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015941506 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication.
    [Show full text]
  • The State of the European Union : the Failure of Austerity
    ISBN 978-84-92848-56-0 Fundación Alternativas Created in 1997 to serve as a channel for political, social and 9788492848560 cultural research and advocacy in Spain and Europe, the Fun- dación Alternativas has become a vital forum for the exchange of ideas and policy development. The foundation addresses a broad range of issues through its Laboratory, Observatory on Culture and Communication, Progress Research programme and Observatory on Foreign Policy (OPEX), which focuses on foreign policy at both The EU27 economic indicators for the end of 2012 therefore painted a bleak picture: European and international arenas. soaring unemployment (10.8 per cent of the active population), a slip back into re- The core objective of this organisation, which works hand in hand cession (–0.3 per cent GDP) and a growing public debt ratio (85 per cent). The THE STATE OF THE www.falternativas.org with the most innovative and forward-looking thinkers in Spanish scenario for the Eurozone was worse and even more so for countries such as Italy, society today, has always been, and continues to be, rigorous Portugal and Spain. This drama, furthermore, was unfolding in a rather fragile inter- EUROPEAN UNION analysis and the development of new ideas for today’s increas- national context; nonetheless, since the overall global situation was generally posi- ingly globalised world. Through its programmes that focus on pub- tive, we cannot lay the blame there. lic policy issues from European and international viewpoints as well as a domestic perspective, the foundation offers ideas for The inference to be drawn is that the one-dimensional policy of austerity and deep The failure of austerity decision-makers in every sphere of society, from government lead- cuts in welfare spending decreed by the EU, combined with the avoidance of any ers and political parties to a wide range of other economic and stimulus measure, has proved to be an outright failure.
    [Show full text]