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A Quantitative and Ecological Survey of the Algae of Huntington Canyon, Utah

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A Quantitative and Ecological Survey of the Algae of Huntington Canyon, Utah Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 1972-08-01 A quantitative and ecological survey of the algae of Huntington Canyon, Utah Lorin E. Squires Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Squires, Lorin E., "A quantitative and ecological survey of the algae of Huntington Canyon, Utah" (1972). Theses and Dissertations. 7981. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7981 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. A QUANTITATIVEAND ECOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE ALGAEOF HUNTINGTON CANYON,UTAH A Thesis Presented to the Department of Botany and Range Science Brigham You11g University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Master of Science by Lorin E. Squires August 1972 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Appreciation is expressed to Dr. Samuel R. Rushforth who served as chairman of my advisory committee and pro- vided valuable guidance and assistance in conducting the research and preparing the manuscript for this thesis. I also express thanks to Dr. Albert D. Swensen who served on my advisory committee. Special thanks is expressed to Carol Endsley for her willing and valuable assistance especially while collecting, enumerating, and tabulating the algal data. Special appreciation also goes to my sister Jana Flake for her diligence and patience• in typing the manuscr5.pt. I am also grateful to the Center for Environmental Studies, Brigham Young University for financial support during part of the study and to Dr. Robert Wingett and Eugene Devenport of this Center for encouragement and suggestions. Furthermore, I appreciate the cooperation of the Department of Botany and Range Science, Brigham Young University in providing ·facilities and travel support for this research. iv TABLEOF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS•• • .... • • * • • • • • • • • • • iii LIST OF TABLES .. • • • • • ., .. • • • • .. • .. • • • • vi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS•• • • • • • • • • • ., • • • • ix INTRODUCTION• • • • • • • • • • • • • .. .. « • • • • 1 .REVIEWOF SELECTEDALGAL STUDIES IN UTAH• • • • • • 6 DESCRIPTIONOF HUNTI:t-.GTONCANYON DRAINAGE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE SAMPLINGSITES• • • • • .. • • 11 DESCRIPTIONOF HUNTINGTONCANYON DRAINAGE Geology Climate and Vegetational Zones Description and Uses of Huntington Creek DESCRIPTIONOF SAMPLINGSITES · Lawrence (Site 1) Highway 10 (Site 2) Plant Site (Site 3) Campground (Site 4) Tie Fork Pond (Site 5) Stuart Fire Station (Site 6) Bear Canyon (Site 7) METHODS••••• • • • • • ., •. •. • • ., .. •., •., 30 PHYSICALAND CHEMICALMEASUREMENTS Temperature Turbidity W11.ter Chemistry PHYTOl?LANKTON Net Plankton Nannoplankton .PERJ.PHYTON VISIBLE BENTHIC ALGAE FLORISTIC SAMPLING RESULTSAND DISCUSSION• • ••• • • • •.,. • • • ., 46 LAWRENCE(SITE 1) HIGHWAY10 (SITE 2) V Page PLANTSITE (SITE 3) CAMPGROUND(SITE 4) STUARTFIRE STATION(SITE 6) BEARCANYON (SITE 7) TIE FORKPOND (SITE 8) ALGALFLORA OF HUNTINGTONCANYON LITERATURECITED. • • • .. ................ 108 APPENDIXI ... • • • • ....... .. .. .. • • • • • • • 113 APPENDIXII •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * • 125 APPENDIXIII • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ....... 221 vi LIST OF TABLES Table Page l. Chemical Data for Huntington Creek, December 17, 1971 ••••••••••••• 55 2. July-November 1971 Averages of The Frequency, Per Cent Cover, and Per Cent Composition for £ladophora and Q~ in a Riffle and in a Slow Water Area at Highway 10 (Site 2). • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 57 3. Per Cent Occurrence of Selected Genera of Periphyton and Nannoplankton at Plant Site (Site 3) •••••••••••••••• 67 4. Per Cent Composition of Achnanthes on Glass · Slides at Campground, June 8-September 15, 1971. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 74 5. Density in Cells/CM 2 and Relative Abundance of 6chnAnthes and Qocconeis in the Periphyton of Site 6 July-October 1971 •• • • • • • •• 89 6. Nannoplankton Totals for February 19 and February 23, 1972 from Stuart Station. • • 93 7. Nannoplankton Totals in Cells per Liter for Stuart Station and Bea,r Canyon for August- . November 1971 • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • 96 8. _ Number of Organisms Per Liter and Relative Abundance of the Net Plankton at Lawrence (Site 1) ••••••••••••••••• 126 9. Number of Organisms Fer Liter and Relative Abundance of the Nannoplankton at Lawrence (Site 1) •••••••••••• • •••• 130 2 10. Number o.f Organisms Per CM and Relative Abundance of Periphyton on Glass Slides at Lawrence (Site 1) •••••••••••• 134 11. Number of Organisms Per Liter.and Relative Abundance of the Net Plankton at Plant Site (Site 3) ••••••••••••••• 138 vii Table Page 12. Number of Organisms Per Liter and Relative Abundance of the Nannoplankton at Plant Site (Site 3). • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 142 13. Number of Organisms Per C}-f' and Relative Abundance of Periphyton on Glass Slides at Plant Site (Site 3). • • • • • • • • • • • • 146 14. Number of Organisms Per Liter and Relative Abundance of the Net Plankton at Campground (Site 4) ••••••••••• • • 152 15. Number of Organisms Per Liter and Relative Abundance of the Nannoplankton at Campground (Site 4) • • • • •. • • • ••• • •••• • 156 16. Number of Organisms Per C~ and Relative Abundance of Periphyton on Glass Slides in a Pool at Campground (Site 4). • • • • • • • 160 2 17. Number of Organisms per CM and Relative Abundance of Periphyton on Glass Slides in a Riffle at Campground (Site 4). • • • • • • 166 18. Number of Organisms Fer Liter and Relative Abundance of the Net Plankton at Tie Fork Pond (Site 5)..... • • • • • • • • • • • 170 19. Number of Organisms Per Liter and Relative Abundance of the Nannoplankton at Tie Fork Pond (Site 5).. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 174 2 20. Number of Organisms fer CM and Relative Abundance of Periphyton on Glass Slides at Tie Fork Pond (Site 5) ••••••• .: • • • 180 21. Number of Organisms Per Liter and Relative Abundance of the Net Plankton at Stuart Station (Site 6) •••••••••••• • • 188 22. Number of Organisms Per Liter and Relative Abundance of the Nannoplankton at Stuart Station (Site 6) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 192 23. Number of Organisms Per CM!-and Relative Abundance of Periphyton on Glass Slides at Stuart Station (Site 6). • • • • • • • • • • 196 24. Number of Organisms Per Liter and Relative Abundance of the Net Plankton at Bear Canyon (Site 7) ••••••••••••• • • 200 viii Table Page 25. Number of Organisms Per Liter and Relative Abundance of the Nannoplankton at Bear Canyon (Site 7) ••••••••••••• • • 202 26. Frequency, Per Cent Cover, and Per Cent Composition of the Visible Benthic Flora at 6 Localities in Huntington Creek, June 1971 - March 1972 ••••••••• • • 204 21. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington 0 Canyon Water Temperature ( c) •••••• • • 209 28. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington Canyon Turbidity (JTU) ••••••••• .... 210 29. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington Canyon pH •••••••••••••••• • • 211 30. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington Canyon Dissolved Oxygen _(mg/1) • • • • • • • 212 31. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington Canyon Dissolved Carbon Dioxide (mg/1) • • • 213 32. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington Canyon Phosphate (mg/1) ........... • • 214 33. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington Canyon Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/1) ••••• • • 215 34. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington Canyon Sulfate (mg/1) ••• · • • • • ••• • • 216 35. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington Canyon Calcium and ~..agnesium Hardness (mg/1 CaC03) • • • • • • • • .• • • • • • • • 217 36. Physical and Chemical Data from Huntington Canyon Bicarbonate Allcalinity (mg/1 CaC03) • 219 37. Physical and Chemical Date from Huntington Canyon Silica (mg/1 Si03)• • • • •.... • 220 ix LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1. Index map of Huntington Canyon drainage ••• 10 2. Geologic map of part of the Wasatch Plateau, Utah ••••••••• • ••••••• • • 14 3. Lawrence, October 8, 1971. .. .. 26 4. Highway 10, September 15, 1971. • • • • • • 26 s. Plant site, November 15, 1971. • • • • • • 27 6. Tie Fork Pond, May 13, 1971. .. • • • • 27 7. Campground, June 29, 1971. .. .. 28 8. Campground, September 15, 1971 •• • • • • • 28 9. Stuart Station, July 30, 1971 • • • • • • • 29 Bear Canyon, July 30, 1971 •••• • • .. .. 29 11. Density and seasonal distribution of nannoplankton and periphyton at plant site (site 3). • • • • • • • • • • • • • 68 12. Density of nannoplankton and periphyton at the campground (site 4) •••••• • • 77 13. Seasonal densities of nannoplanlcton at the plant site (site 3) and the campground (site 4) ••••••••••••••••• 78 14. Density of nannoplankton and periphyton at Stuart Station (site 6) ••••••••• 86 15. Density of nannoplankton at the camp~round 91 (site 4)and Stuart Station (site 6) ••• 16. Density of periphyton at the campground (site 4) and Stuart Station (site 6) ••• 91 X Graph Page 1. Seasonal distribution of selected net plankton at Lawrence (Site 1) •••• • • • • 1l4 2. Seasonal distribution of selected nanno- plankton at Lawrence (Site 1) ••••• • • • 115 3. Seasonal distribution of selected net plankton at Plant Site (Site 3) ••• • • • • 116 4. Seasonal distribution of selected nanno- plankton at Plant Site (Site 3) •••• • • • 117 5. Seasonal distribution of selected net plankton at the Campground (Site 4) •• • • • 118 6. Seasonal distribution of selected nanno- plankton
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