Political Reviews
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Political Reviews The Region in Review: International Issues and Events, 2017 nic maclellan Melanesia in Review: Issues and Events, 2017 volker boege, mathias chauchat, alumita durutalo, joseph daniel foukona, budi hernawan, michael leach, james stiefvater The Contemporary Pacic, Volume 30, Number 2, 461–547 © 2018 by University of Hawai‘i Press 461 political reviews • melanesia 519 and the Everyday Representation of Time, indonesia/topics/immunization/MR Belonging, and Death. The Asia Pacific _CAMPAIGN/en/ [accessed 16 Feb 2018] Journal of Anthropology 12 (4): 327–347. Tabloid Jubi. 2017a. Kasus Deiyai bukan wabah, tapi musibah. 18 July. http:// tabloidjubi.com/artikel-7863-kasus-deiyai Papua New Guinea -bukan-wabah-tapi-musibah.html The year 2017 had the potential to [accessed 16 Feb 2018] bring great changes to the Independent ———. 2017b. Kepengurusan baru, State of Papua New Guinea. Much Solpap gulirkan 10 rekomendasi untuk of the political news was dominated pendampingan Pedagang Asli Papua. by stories regarding the general 7 May. http://tabloidjubi.com/artikel-6026 election and the discontinuation of -kepengurusan-baru-solpap-gulirkan-10 Australia’s offshore refugee deten- -rekomendasi-untuk-pendampingan tion and processing center, hosted on -pedagang-asli-papua.html [accessed the island of Manus. Other notable 16 Feb 2018] events affecting the nation included ———. 2017c. Solpap tolak rencana changes in leaders outside of the jual daging sapi di Pasar Mama-Mama. election, economic challenges, and 19 March. http://tabloidjubi.com/artikel the conclusion of the long-standing -4697-solpap-tolak-rencana-jual-daging controversy over the arrest warrant -sapi-di-pasar-mamamama.html [accessed 20 March 2018] of Prime Minister Peter O’Neill. At the conclusion of a year that brought Taylor, Susan, and Wilda Asmarini. 2017. numerous changes, much has stayed Union to Press for Freeport Mine Worker the same. Rights on Indonesia Visit. Reuters, 3 Aug. The beginning of the year saw https://www.reuters.com/article/us-freeport -mcmoran-indonesia-labor/union-to-press an early overturn of leadership as -for-freeport-mine-worker-rights-on two knights having the same first -indonesia-visit-idUSKBN1AI2SO name ended their time in leader- [accessed 16 Feb 2018] ship. Governor-General Sir Michael Ogio passed away in February after walhi Papua, Pusaka Foundation, Jerat Papua, kpkc Sinode gki di Tanah Papua, a long struggle with issues of health. skpkc Fransiskan Papua, and skp KAMe Ogio was in the final week of his Merauke. 2017. Catatan Akhir Tahun six-year term as the queen’s viceregal 2017: Perampasan Tanah, Kekerasan dan representative and, as his term was Deforestasi di Papua. Jakarta. http:// coming to a close, Parliament had pusaka.or.id/assets//2018/01/Laporan already appointed Bob Dadae to fill -Bersama-Catatan-Akhir-Tahun-2017 the position. Dadae had served as a -Vrs.pdf [accessed 1 March 2018] member of Parliament (mp) for the who, World Health Organization. 2018. Kabwum electorate in Morobe Prov- Measles Fact Sheet. Reviewed January. ince for the previous fifteen years and http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/ assumed the role on 28 February. He fs286/en/ [accessed 16 Feb 2018] was subsequently knighted in London. who Indonesia. 2017. Measles Rubella Dadae’s appointment could be seen as Immunization Campaign in Java Island on a reward of sorts for crossing the floor Aug–Sept 2017. http://www.searo.who.int/ from the government led by then- 520 the contemporary pacific • 30:2 (2018) Prime Minister Sir Michael Somare to retirement, though. Prior to retirement the O’Neill-led opposition in 2011. ceremonies, supporters of the depart- Although he initially indicated that ing governor for East Sepik Province he would step away from politics turned up at the provincial assembly in 2012, Grand Chief Sir Michael “to demand their payments for vari- Somare finalized his political legacy ous projects, activities and for their in April as he stepped away from loyalty and unwavering support for a career that spanned more than Sir Michael during his distinguished fifty years in public service. Somare political career” (Fito 2017). started as a teacher and government The election cycle officially interpreter in the early 1960s before launched on 20 April, the first polling being elected to the House Assembly stations were to open on 26 July, and in 1968. He is noted for an unbroken the writs were to be returned on or span of forty-nine years in legislative before 24 July. Campaigning for the service and is best remembered for 111 parliamentary seats (89 members serving as prime minister at the time and 22 governors) was underway of independence in 1975. Somare-led immediately in April, as parliamen- governments covered a total of seven- tarians returned to their electorates teen years across three terms: 1975– to jockey for voters’ favor and party 80, 1982–85, and 2002–11 (Johnstone leaders retreated to their various 2011). His departure comes after he camps to determine policies, entice was ignominiously removed from the defections, and calculate ways to gain prime minister’s role in 2011 while numerical ascendency for the next receiving medical treatment in Singa- five years. pore for an extended period of time. This was a particularly polariz- Somare was never quite able to regain ing election as rhetoric was mostly his political stature after the constitu- directed for or against the incumbent tional crisis that ensued, during which government, led by Prime Minister both Somare and O’Neill were recog- O’Neill and the People’s National nized as legitimate prime minister by Congress (pnc). The pnc set up base various groups within government. in Alotau while their leading chal- The retirement of Sir Michael, the lengers, a coalition of the National longest-serving politician by far, marks Alliance Party and the historic Pangu a changing of the guard in PNG poli- Party, established a camp in Kokopo. tics as the country celebrated its 42nd The National Alliance and Pangu anniversary of independence. Somare’s coalition sought the support of dis- departure was met in Parliament satisfied parliamentarians and found with the stately fanfare that would it in members of Triumph Heritage be expected for a man that is often Empowerment Party, PNG Consti- hailed as the “Father of the Nation.” tutional Democratic Party, People’s After inspecting an honor guard, he Progress Party (ppp), PNG National was presented with songs, cultural Party, and other independents. This dances, and speeches by leaders in loose coalition became known as sim- the public and private sector (Zarriga ply the Alliance. While policies among 2017). Not all were pleased with his members varied, they all upheld the political reviews • melanesia 521 explicit goal to replace the government caused by the construction of new led by O’Neill and the pnc (Blades buildings by foreigners (The National 2017). 2017a). Similarly, Don Polye went Notable among these dissatisfied so far as to promise the people of the candidates was former Prime Minis- Autonomous Region of Bougainville ter Sir Mekere Morauta, a National that, if elected, his government would Alliance member and staunch O’Neill recognize their independence (The critic, as well as Patrick Pruaitch and National 2017b)—a refutation of the Don Polye, former cabinet members pnc’s stance that the 2019 referendum in O’Neill’s government. Standing to on independence would be nonbind- represent the Port Moresby North- ing (The Economist 2017). Mekere west electorate, Morauta came out Morauta’s vocal opposition to Peter of retirement as a result of several O’Neill also continued as Morauta very public spats between himself and called O’Neill out for not agreeing to O’Neill. Morauta had levied a strong public, televised debates (PNG Post- critique against the financial policies Courier 2017). and performance of the economy The campaign period was mostly under pnc leadership, while O’Neill peaceful although there were instances criticized Morauta’s management of of concern in some areas, including the nonprofit PNG Sustainable Devel- several deaths as violence erupted opment Program Limited. Pruaitch, between crowds. Prime Minister member for Aitape-Lumi, joined the O’Neill was not exempt from opposi- opposition after O’Neill relieved tion, as a pnc rally he was attending him of his portfolio in charge of the in Hela Province was interrupted by treasury in May, following Pruaitch’s a hostile crowd. O’Neill and the pnc announcement that the PNG economy also copped strong criticism from had “fallen off a cliff” (emtv Online student activists at the University 2017). Representing the Kandep of Papua New Guinea (upng) for electorate in Enga Province, Polye was their use of the social media hashtag also a former minister of the treasury #pnc4png. The upng objectors for O’Neill and had been similarly claimed that this digital campaign dismissed in 2014 after criticizing the slogan was an appropriation of their government’s decision and legality protest motto #upng4png (Kaiku of methods used to secure a loan of 2017), a movement that strongly 3 billion kina (us$951 million) from criticized pnc government policies and the Union Bank of Switzerland (ubs) was met with lethal force as police (Pokiton 2017). shot protestors attempting to march The Alliance campaign strategies on Parliament House in June 2016. sought to undermine unpopular pnc Despite these difficulties, pnc party policies. Kavieng mp Ben Micah, a ppp candidates, including O’Neill, touted member, promised that as prime minis- their many successes while in control ter he would cancel the 2018 meetings of government, citing a 92 percent of the Asia Pacific Economic Council success rate in achieving goals outlined (apec) in Port Moresby due to dam- by the party in the Alotau Accord age of iconic Indigenous cultural sites (Kenneth 2017a).