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P020171128229714239176.Pdf 二、社会治安 .................................................. 32 ( 一 ) 居家安全 ............................................... 32 ( 二 ) 外出安全 ............................................... 33 ( 三 ) 工作安全 ............................................... 35 ( 四 ) 枪支安全 ............................................... 35 三、自然灾害................................................... 36 四、食品安全 ................................................. 36 五、非洲常见疾病的认知和预防...................... 36 ( 一 ) 肠道传染病............................................ 36 (二)黄热病 .................................................. 39 (三)疟疾...................................................... 39 ( 四 ) 埃博拉病毒病 ........................................ 41 (五)艾滋病................................................... 42 ( 六 ) 防范医疗风险 ........................................ 42 六、报警求助 .................................................. 43 第四章 领事保护常识 ........................................... 45 一、什么是领事保护 ? .................................... 45 二、领事官员可以为您做什么 ?....................... 46 三、领事官员不可以为您做什么 ? ................... 47 第五章 在加纳务工注意事项 ................................ 48 一、临行前 ...................................................... 48 ( 一 ) 出国前对用工单位考察 ......................... 48 ( 二 ) 劳动合同的签订 .................................... 48 ( 三 ) 要求用工单位为员工购买各类保险 ....... 48 2 编者按 .................................................................. 5 重要提醒 : 在加纳遇到麻烦怎么办 ? .................... 6 一、预防 ........................................................ 6 二、自救 ........................................................ 6 三、当地 ........................................................ 6 四、亲友 ........................................................ 6 五、领保 ........................................................ 7 第一章 加纳简况 ................................................. 8 第二章 入境居留 ................................................. 22 一、签证入境 ................................................. 22 ( 一 ) 入境签证 ............................................... 22 ( 二 ) 紧急入境签证 (Emergency Entry Visa)和 再入境签证 (Re-entry Visa) .................... 23 (三)过境签证(Transit Visa)........................... 24 (四)旅游延期(Visitor’s Extension) ................ 24 二、居留入籍 .................................................. 25 (一)工作许可(Work Permit) ......................... 25 ( 二 ) 外籍工作许可配额 (Automatic Quota) .... 26 (三)居留许可(Residence Permit)................... 26 (四)永久居留(Indefinite Residence Permit) ... 27 ( 五 ) 外籍雇员配额 (Immigrant Quota)............ 28 三、办理签证、许可过程中需注意的问题 ..... 28 第三章 安全防范 ................................................... 30 一、中国公民旅居加纳六大易发安全问题 ...... 30 3 二、抵达加纳后 .................................................49 ( 一 ) 妥善保管自己的身份证件 ........................49 ( 二 ) 提醒雇主及时办理工作签证 ....................49 三、发生劳资和经济纠纷怎么办 ? .....................50 第六章 在加经营公司注意事项 ...............................51 一、公司法小常识 .............................................51 二、投资促进法小常识.......................................56 三、劳动法小常识 .............................................58 四、婚姻法小常识 .............................................60 五、对中加企业合资合作的一点法律建议..........61 六、常用各项税率 ..............................................62 七、社会保险 ....................................................62 第七章 土地房产租赁注意事项 ................................63 一、土地法小常识 .............................................63 二、土地购买过程中需要注意的问题 .................65 第八章 在加纳生活法律注意事项 ............................67 一、如果警察来到家门口应该怎么做? .............67 二、如果被警察逮捕应该怎么办? ...................67 三、如果你被捕,警察应履行哪些义务?............68 四、一旦被捕,你有哪些权利? ........................69 五、关于保释的一点常识.......................................69 六、常见的刑事诉讼程序 ...................................71 七、几种常见的罪名及量刑 ...............................72 4 八、民事诉讼的一般常识 ................................ 72 第九章 实用信息 .................................................. 75 一、加纳风俗禁忌 ........................................... 75 二、常用联络方式 ........................................... 77 三、中国驻加纳使馆联系方式 ......................... 80 四、其他参考网站和资料 ............................... 80 中国公民旅居加纳十大安全忠告 ........................... 81 5 中国公民旅居加纳手册 2017 版 编者按 编者按 一、本手册由驻加纳使馆组织编写,并以纸质版和 PDF 电子书形式发布,免费提供给旅加中国公民、海 外侨胞,旨在帮助您了解加纳情况,知悉安全风险并采 取适当的预防措施。 二、虽然编委力图使手册尽可能多地涵盖最新信息, 但仍难以完全保证手册信息全面、准确和及时,建议访 问中国领事服务网的加纳国别信息栏目,以获取最新信 息。 三、本手册信息仅供参考。对安全形势的判断以及 采取何种预防、应对措施,仍需由当事人根据当地法规 和现场情况做出决定,并自行承担风险和责任。 四、欢迎旅加中国公民、海外侨胞推荐、转发。对 本手册有任何意见或建议,欢迎您通过电子邮件方式联 系我们 : [email protected]。 6 重要提醒 中国公民旅居加纳手册 2017 版 重要提醒 : 在加纳遇到麻烦怎么办? 一、预防 在很多情况下,领事保护无法挽回已造成的损失, 因此,预防是最好的保护。在加中国公民应了解安全风 险,遵守法律法规,尽可能预防事故的发生。 二、自救 自救是最有效和最及时的手段。来加中国公民应了 解并掌握一定的安全自救知识,在遇到麻烦时首先应确 保生命安全,冷静处置,妥善应对。 三、当地 当地警方、医院、社团、法律援助等是离您最近的 可借助资源,因此,第一时间寻求当地资源的帮助往往 是最有效的选择。行前应了解此类信息,在遇到麻烦时, 特别是在遇到重大问题时应主动寻求他们的帮助。 四、亲友 最了解和关心您的是您的父母、亲友,他们总会在 您最需要的时候提供最贴心的帮助。把行程告诉他们, 持续和他们保持联系,报告平安。在遇到麻烦时,请务 必联系他们寻求可能的帮助。 五、领保 领事保护是旅居海外中国公民的有力后盾。遇紧急 7 中国公民旅居加纳手册 2017 版 重要提醒 情况或重大事故,在尝试以上手段后如若仍需帮助,可 拨打驻加纳使馆领保应急电话 : 00233-545596508 或外 交部领保热线 : 0086-10-12308 。领事官员将在职责范 围内为您提供意见、建议或必要帮助。 2017 年 3 月 22 日,外交部正式推出12308 微信版— 全新升级的“领事直通车”微信公众号及小程序。在海 外的中国公民除可继续拨打“外交部全球领事保护与服 务应急呼叫中心”12308 热线外,还可通过微信平台实 时咨询和求助。 领事直通车二维码 12308 二维码 8 第一章 中国公民旅居加纳手册 2017 版 第一章 加纳简况 【国名】加纳共和国(The Republic of Ghana)。 【面 积】 238537 平方公里。 【人 口】 2800万(2016年)。全国有4 个主要民族: 阿肯族(52.4%)、莫西—达戈姆巴族(15.8%)、埃维 族(11.9%)和加—阿丹格贝族(7.8%)。官方语言为 英语。另有埃维语、芳蒂语和豪萨语等民族语言。居民 69% 信奉基督教,15.6% 信奉伊斯兰教,8.5% 信奉传统 宗教。 【首 都】 阿克拉(Accra),人口约 229 万(2012 年估计)。最高温度 23 - 31℃(3、4 月),最低温度 22 - 27℃(8 月)。 【国家元首】 总统纳纳·阿库福—阿多(Nana Akufo-Addo)。2016 年 12 月大选获胜,2017 年 1 月 7 日宣誓就职。 【重要节日】 3月 6 日:独立日;7月 1 日:共和国日。 【简 况】 位于非洲西部、几内亚湾北岸,西邻科 特迪瓦,北接布基纳法索,东毗多哥,南濒大西洋,海 岸线长约 562 公里。沿海平原和西南部阿散蒂高原属热 带雨林气候,沃尔特河谷和北部高原地区属热带草原气 候。4 月至 9 月为雨季,11 月至翌年 4 月为旱季。各地 降雨量差别很大,西南部平均年降雨量 2180 毫米,北 部地区为 1000 毫米。 古加纳王国建于公元 3 ~ 4 世纪,其版图在今天 的马里和布基纳法索一带,10 ~ 11 世纪时达到鼎盛时 9 中国公民旅居加纳手册 2017 版 第一章 期。1471 年起葡萄牙、荷兰、法国和英国殖民者相继 入侵现加纳沿海地区,掠夺黄金、贩卖黑奴,这一带被 称为“黄金海岸”。1897 年黄金海岸全境沦为英国殖 民地。1957 年 3 月 6 日,黄金海岸独立,改名加纳, 原英国托管的“西多哥”并入加纳。1960 年 7 月 1 日 成立加纳共和国,仍留在英联邦内,首任总统为恩克鲁 玛。1966 年恩克鲁玛政府被推翻后,加政局曾长期动 荡不安,军事政变不断,政权更迭频繁。1981 年 12 月 罗林斯政变上台后,政局一直较为稳定。1992 年开始 实行多党制,同年底罗当选总统,顺利实现由军政府向 民选政府的过渡。1996 年 12 月罗蝉联总统。2001 年 1 月至 2009 年 1 月,新爱国党领导人库福尔连任两届总统。 2009 年 1 月,全国民主大会党候选人米尔斯当选总统。 2012 年 7 月 24 日,米尔斯因病去世,时任副总统马哈 马继任总统。同年 12 月,加举行新一届大选,马哈马 获胜,并于 2013 年 1 月 7 日宣誓就职。 【政 治】2016年 12 月,加纳举行总统和议会选举。 新爱国党候选人阿库福—阿多战胜马哈马当选总统。新 爱国党赢得议会选举。目前,加政局总体稳定。 【宪 法】 现行宪法于 1992 年 4 月 26 日全民公决 通过,1993 年 1 月 7 日起生效。宪法规定:加纳是一 个民主国家,致力于实现自由和公正,尊重基本人权、 自由和尊严;总统是国家元首、政府首脑和武装部队总 司令,任期 4 年,可连任一届;内阁由总统任命,议会 批准;议会需在通过法案并得到总统同意后方可行使制 宪权;司法独立,有解释、执行和强制执行法律的权力。 【议 会】 实行一院制,是国家最高权力机构,有 立法和修宪的权力。议员经全国选举产生,任期 4 年。 本届议会于 2016 年 12 月选举产生,共 275 个议席。其 10 第一章 中国公民旅居加纳手册 2017 版 中新爱国党 169 席,全国民主大会党 106 席。议长为迈 克尔 . 阿伦 . 奥夸耶( Michael Aaron Oquaye),2017 年1月7日就职。 【政 府】 本届政府于 2017 年 1 月组成,由总统、 副总统和 36 名部长组成。成员包括:总统纳纳·阿库 福—阿多(Nana Akufo-Addo),副总统马哈茂杜·巴 武米亚(Mahamudu Bawumia),高级部长亚乌·奥 萨福—马福(Yaw Osafo-Maafo),财政部长肯·奥 福 里 — 阿 塔(Ken Ofori-Atta), 环 境、 科 技 与 创 新 部长夸贝纳·弗林蓬—博阿滕(Kwabena Frimpong- Boateng),贸工部长艾伦·约翰·基耶雷马滕(Alan John Kyerematen),食品与农业部长奥乌苏·阿夫里 耶·阿科托(Owusu Afriyie Akoto),国家安全部长艾 伯特·坎—达帕(Albert Kan-Dapaah),外交部长雪莉·阿 约科·博奇韦(女,Shirly Ayorkor Botchway),青年 与体育部长艾萨克·阿夏马(Isaac Asiamah),能源部 长博阿基耶·阿吉亚科(Boakye Agyarko),国防部长 多米尼克·尼蒂武(Dominic Nitiwul),内政部长安布 罗斯·德里(Ambrose Dery),司法部长兼总检察长格 洛里亚·阿库福(女,Gloria Akuffo),地方政府与农 村发展部长阿丽玛·马哈马(女,Alima Mahama), 教 育 部 长 马 修· 奥 波 库· 普 伦 佩(Matthew Opoku Prempeh),卫生部长夸库·阿吉耶曼—马努(Kwaku Agyemang-Manu),工程与住房部长塞缪尔·阿塔·阿 基亚(Samuel Atta Akyea),水利与环卫部长约瑟夫·科 菲·阿达(Joseph Kofi Adda),通讯部长厄休拉·奥 乌苏·埃库富尔(女,Ursula Owusu Ekuful),道路 部长奎西·阿莫阿科·阿塔(Kwesi Amoako Atta), 铁路发展部长乔·加蒂(Joe Ghartey),性别、儿童与 社会保障部长奥蒂科·阿菲萨·贾巴(女,Otiko Afisa 11 中国公民旅居加纳手册 2017 版 第一章 Djaba),就业与劳工关系部长伊格内修斯·巴富尔·阿 武瓦(Ignatius Bafuor Awuah),交通部长奎库·奥福里·阿 夏马(Kweku Ofori Asiamah),国土资源部长约翰·彼 得·阿梅武(John Peter Amewu),旅游、文化与创 意艺术部长凯瑟琳·阿费库(女,Catherine Afeku), 新闻部长穆斯塔法·阿卜杜勒—哈米德(Mustapha Abdul-Hamid),酋长与宗教事务部长塞缪尔·科菲·扎 梅西(Samuel Kofi Dzamesi),航空部长塞西莉亚·达 帕(女,Cecilia Dapaah),渔业水产部长伊丽莎白·夸 耶(女,Elizabeth Quaye),议会事务部长奥塞·凯— 门萨—邦苏(Osei Kyei-Mensah-Bonsu),监察与评 估部长(总统府)安东尼·阿科托·奥塞博士(Dr. Anthony Akoto Osei),省份重组与特别工程部长(总 统府)丹·博特维(Dan Botwe),规划部长(总统府) 吉安·巴富尔(Prof. Gyan Baffour),特别发展倡议部 长(总统府)梅维丝·哈瓦·库姆森(女,Mavis Hawa Koomson),商业发展部长(总统府)易卜拉欣·阿瓦 勒·穆罕默德(Ibrahim Awal Mohammed),内城与穆 斯林社区发展部长(总统府)博尼费斯·阿布巴卡尔·萨 迪克(Boniface Abubakar Saddique)。 【网 址】 官方网址:http://www.ghana.gov.gh 【行政区划】 全国共设 10个省 , 即大阿克拉 省(Greater Accra Region)、 阿 散 蒂 省(Ashanti Region)、布朗-阿哈福省(Brong-Ahafo Region)、 中 部 省(Central Region)、 东 部 省(Eastern Region)、沃尔特省(Volta Region)、西部省(Western Region)、 上 东 部 省(Upper East Region)、 上 西 部 省(Upper West Region)、 北 部 省(Northern Region)。省下设有 216 个县。 12 第一章 中国公民旅居加纳手册 2017 版 【司法机构】 分为司法系统和公共法庭系统。司 法系统包括最高法院、上诉法院、高等法院、商业法庭、 地区法院、县级法院、巡回法院、速审法院、少年法庭、 检察长办公室等。最高法院为终审法院,由首席法官和 6 名以上法官组成,首席法官任院长。各级公共法庭是 为了确保“人民参加司法程序”,以最终实现司法民主 化而于 1982 年建立的。全国公共法庭为终审法庭。 【政 党】 1992 年 5 月加开放党禁后,形成罗林斯 派、丹夸-布西亚派和恩克鲁玛派三大政党派系。经过 改组、联合,注册的合法政党共 17 个: (1)新爱国党( New Patriotic Party ):执政党, 丹夸-布西亚派,现有党员约 400 万。1992 年 6 月 2 日成立。以知识界精英为骨干。2001-2008 年执政,重 视人权、民主和法制,主张实行政治多元化和市场经济, 推动私有化,对外奉行务实外交,以吸引外资,解决经 济问题。代理党主席弗雷迪·布莱( Freddy Blay), 代理总书记约翰·博阿杜(John Boadu )。目前该党 拥有议会 169 个席位。 (2) 全 国 民 主 大 会 党( National Democratic Congress ):最大在野党,现有党员约 300 万。1992 年 6 月 10 日成立。成员多为罗林斯的支持者,也有不 少恩克鲁玛派和丹夸—布西亚派的成员。1993-2000 年、 2009-2016 年执政。主张政治民主化和经济私有化,开 展多方位外交。主席科菲·波特非(Kofi Portuphy), 总书记约翰逊·阿塞杜·恩凯提亚(Johnson Aseidu Nketia)。目前该党拥有议会 106 个席位。 (3) 大 会 人 民 党(Convention People's Party): 在野党。恩克鲁玛派。1998 年 6 月 15 日由人 民大会党(People's Convention Party)和全国大会党 13 中国公民旅居加纳手册 2017 版 第一章 (National Convention Party)合并而成。成员主要为 社会知名人士。主张根据恩克鲁玛思想建立关心社会正 义和人民福利的政府,实行混合经济,维护非洲团结与 世界和平。主席埃德蒙·德尔(Edmund Delle),总书 记阿萨尼·塔诺(Asani Tano)。 (4) 人 民 全 国 大 会 党(People's National
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