ChinaInsight Fostering business and cultural harmony between China and the U.S. VOL. 16 NO. 5 May 2017 Qipao power

China Briefs, p. 3

Women wearing cheongsams, the traditional Chinese women's dress (also known as qipao), during a show at Guanque Tower in Yongji City, north China's Shanxi Province, May 1, 2017. (Xinhua/Xue Jun) “Forget the Leggings” page 13

People Arts & Culture, p. 8, 9 Chinese Americans continue to contribute By Elaine Dunn

May is Asian Pacific American Heritage In the Twin Cities, there are many Chi- ties offered and to be “good neighbors” by Month, a month that celebrates and pays nese Americans who have contributed to the engaging in volunteer activities. tribute to the contributions generations fabric of American society. China Insight Travel, p. 16 of Asian Pacific Americans have made to takes this opportunity to feature two of them American history, sciences and culture. and their achievements. Like most commemorative months, In This Issue Asian Pacific American Heritage Month Weiming Lu Arts & Culture 8,9 originated in 1978 when Congress passed a At the 2014 annual meeting of the Chi- law directing the president to issue a proc- nese American Association of Minnesota, Book review 11,12 lamation designating the week beginning Weiming Lu included a quote he had come Business & Economics 5 on May 4, 1979, as Asian Pacific Ameri- across that had stuck in his mind: “no mat- Community 7 can Heritage Week. On March 28, 1979, ter how long we live and serve this country, Education 5 President Jimmy Carter issued Presidential we are regarded by some to be ‘forever Health & Home 4 Proclamation 4650, which highlighted the foreigners.” Lu feels strongly that this is History 6 significant role Asian Pacific Americans one of the challenges Chinese Americans have contributed to American society. have to overcome. News 3 May was the chosen month as it com- However, Lu’s message was not meant Opinion 10 memorates the immigration of the first to be taken in a negative way. It was meant People 14 Japanese to the United States on May 7, as a reminder that “much challenge remains Pronouncements 2 1843, and it also marked the anniversary of for us to enter the main stream of America” Science & Technology 10 the completion of the transcontinental rail- and the “need to take action in both local Society 13 road on May 10, 1869, by largely Chinese and national levels.” He urged those in workers and immigrants who laid the tracks. attendance to be grateful for the opportuni- Continues on Page 14 Travel 16 PAGE 2 / May 2017 pronouncements www.chinainsight.info

Publisher’s Pronouncements of the fifth lunar month. For the legend and customs, see China Insight, p. 6, May 2013 ChinaInsight Greetings, idea of helping one another adjust to life and p. 3, June 2013, which you can access in the U.S. and all the many problems and at www.chinainsight.info and search under Scheduling conflicts dictated us to adjust affairs that come along with it, especially Past Issues. Publisher: our printing schedule this month. As a re- for those not born here and having to learn Finally, Memorial Day is celebrated on Gregory J. Hugh sult, the May issue is published a fortnight the English. Monday, May 29, which is the day U.S. pays [email protected] later than usual, as will the June issue. We In recognition of this event, we have tribute to the men and women who have died will be back on our regular schedule with devoted a number of articles along with the serving in the U.S. armed forces. This is a the July-August combined issue. presidential proclamation on page 15. We day for us to pay homage to members of the Manager of May is a special month in the Asian also hope you will enjoy a brief profile of military (and their families) who martyred Operations/Circulation: American community since it is designated two local Chinese Americans, Weiming Lu to save their nation and its people so we can Richard He as Asian Pacific American Heritage Month and Wing Young Huie, on page 1. They enjoy the freedom that we have. [email protected] (APAHM), now officially proclaimed Asian are good representatives who continue to As always, thank you for reading China American and Pacific Islander Heritage promote their Chinese culture and history Insight. Please don’t hesitate to contact me Month, which celebrates the culture, tradi- Staff Writers: while contributing to the fabric of American or Elaine Dunn if you have any suggestions tions, and history of Asian Americans and Greg Hugh society. as to how we can continue to serve the com- Pacific Islanders in the United States. This [email protected] On May 14, we observe Mother's Day, munity better or wish to contribute an article occasion had its beginning in 1978 and now which is celebrated universally. However, for us to share with our readers. we get to celebrate the cultural traditions, Elaine Dunn Mother's Day really did not start to be cel- ancestry, native languages, and unique [email protected] ebrated in mainland China until after the Sincerely, experiences of more than 56 ethnic groups Chinese economic reform in 1979. We take speaking more than 100 languages from Contributors: this opportunity to offer all mothers a most Asia and the Pacific Islands who live in the Asian Media Access joyous day! United States. [email protected] And in 2017, Dragon Boat Festival falls These diverse Asian Pacific and Asian on May 30. This folk festival, also known Gregory J. Hugh Americans of all ethnicities and languages Patrick Welsh as Duan Wu, celebrates the legend of Qu Publisher-CEO come together to celebrate their rich heri- [email protected] Yuan. The festival is always the fifth day China Insight, Inc. tage. All Asian Americans share the same Production Editor: Teresa Khamlusa [email protected] Honorary: Jennifer Nordin, Editor Emeritus FREE [email protected] SUBSCRIPTIONS Getting to know you … About ChinaInsight Who are you? What articles do you enjoy reading? ChinaInsight is a monthly English language newspaper fostering business China Insight would like to ensure our contents match your interests. 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Cheap transport # # 1 # 8 6 The wedding entourage of a Chinese 3 couple in northern China accompanied them By the numbers # to the wedding site on a fleet of 50 public- # 4 share bicycles! Each bike was decorated 10 # # 2 with balloons except the wedding couple’s – 7 their bikes were adorned with fresh flowers. Troubling The couple chose this manner of transport solely based on saving money: they figured reading habits hiring a car would cost close to USD500 while using the ride-share bikes cost them The Hong Kong Publishing Profes- only USD7! What’s not to like? ♦ sional Society conducted a survey from Jan. 24 through March 1 of approximately 1500 Hong Kong residents. They found the Surplus of men results worrisome. A children’s book author Chinese preference for sons and the One suggested parents “create a reading-friendly Child Policy has created gender imbalance environment at home, such as a devoting a for those of marrying age in China. For corner of the room for reading books and those born in the ‘70s, the male-to-female chatting about them with their children.” ratio is 206:100; for those born in the “80s, it is 136:100. However, the current picture is 32.4 percent of the respondents had not improving: for every 100 girls born, almost read a single book in the past 12 months. 120 boys are born. This makes finding a wife mighty difficult. ♦ 70 percent read printed books, may- China Briefs be just not within the past 12 months.

Size matters Sparky anchorman High housing costs, high property taxes, percent of those who had not read While filming a 45 high mortgage rates all make cost of housing a book in the past 12 months said they segment in Dalian quite out-of-reach of young singles. Devel- “never read any publications” at all! (northeastern Chi- opment of “nano flats (less than 200 square na) in late April, the feet)” in Hong Kong is growing. Nano flats percent-plus under the age of 18 admit- weather anchor held 60 are popular in urban districts close to high- ted reading is neither a habit nor hobby. an umbrella on the density commercial areas where owner- balcony and viewers occupiers can live close to their offices. percent of the under18 said they saw a purple streak 60 Expats are prime targets for these small flats had never read any books aside zigzagged across the as they treat them like hotel rooms! from their textbooks in the past year. sky (see lightning to Of new flats developed in 2016, 1.4 top left of his head percent fell in this category. According to percent of respondents said in the photo). The anchorman was heard to 23.3 the Secretary of Development, of all the new they do not have time to read books. cry out while dropping his umbrella. After flats to be completed in 2018, approximately the segment, he said he saw “yellow sparks 43 percent will be under 400 sq. ft., an in- percent of total respondents flying from his hand,” as his hand and arm 59.9 crease of 25.9 percent from 2016. ♦ used their smartphones, tablets or com- went numb. Fortunately, he was not hurt. puters to read in the past 12 months. But good old netizens chimed in, with one Tongue-tied unsympathetic quip, “Lightning won’t avoid 48.1 percent who used mobile devices China’s humanoid robot did not fare striking you just because you’re the weather and computers to read said they usu- well in her first interview in English with anchor.” Guess he should’ve heeded the ad- ally read “online news or commentaries.” Wired magazine. The beauty with long, age of avoiding metal objects when outdoors black hair managed to blink and smile re- during stormy weather. 11.3 percent of respondents said they pre- alistically throughout, but failed to answer fer to read online to reading a printed book. Phony reviews questions such as how many letters in the Restaurants are famous for posting English alphabet and where is the Great phony glowing reviews online. But doctors percent reported their on- 30.4 Wall located. It gave an incoherent answer and research scientists? Yep, apparently line reading consisted main- when the interviewer asked if it could talk “ghost” agencies are a booming industry in ly of browsing social media sites! about him, a prolific writer of robotics and China. They provide phony “peer reviews” artificial intelligence. The robot, developed for doctors and academics who want to get percent said they did read elec- 10.9 at Hefei University, appeared to handle Chi- their research papers published to have a tronic books within the past 12 months. nese interviews better. However, consensus better shot at getting promoted. Between of those watching the live-streamed inter- 2012-2016, thousands of published papers static libraries and 12 mobile li- 68 view thought the humanoid needed “major had to be retracted. braries offer Hong Kong residents revamping.” ♦ The National Natural Science Founda- 14.2 million items for borrowing. tion of China, which has allocated more than USD3.62 billion to fund science percent increase in virtual library visits 8 Beauty rules projects, launched an inquiry that revealed between 2012-2014 while physical visits The notorious Chinese public security the existence and abundance of bogus peer decreased 3 percent in the same period, squad known for keeping peace through reviews. An international science journal reported a survey commissioned by the intimidation and violence may be giving had to retract hundreds of papers from top Leisure and Cultural Services Department. way to an all-female force. Attractive young Chinese universities. Iran is the other coun- university graduates made up the elite force try with prolific phony papers. Guess cred- On the other hand, a mainland survey that debuted at, welcomed and assisted ible research needs to undergo microscopic of 46,000 adults and minors from 81 cit- visitors to the G20 Summit in Hangzhou examination. ies showed mainlanders read an average last year. They also stop bad, “uncivilized” of eight books, five in print format and behavior in public. Dressed in berets and Dumb waiters three electronic, in 2015. It also showed navy uniforms, they’re becoming a tourist A number of Chinese restaurants had that 81 percent of mainlanders age 17 and attraction! ♦ to fire their robotic waiters recently. It ap- under have developed a reading habit. pears artificial intelligence is not intelligent Since 2006, the Chinese government enough to handle restaurant jobs. Customers had been building “a country with avid complained dishes prepared by robot chefs readers.” It invested USD1.5 million in did not taste good, and robotic wait staff e-books for migrant workers and USD2.6 cannot react to service situations effectively. million in building rural libraries. ♦ Even the restaurant that had four robots for Read ChinaInsight online taking orders and delivering food to the Related:“Chinese bookstores adapt to so- tables had fired two of them. The manager cial changes,” p. 13 www.chinainsight.info said they were not “multifunctional” and ended up just standing around “looking fancy.”♦ PAGE 4 / May 2017 health & home www.chinainsight.info Claiming your biculturalism By Asian Media Access, contributor

What is biculturalism? environment of the adopted country. This is Similarly, an individual may face difficulty may get more opportunities from business Last month, Asian Media Access (AMA) quite common. One frequently sees Chinese balancing their identity within themselves entities. Similarly, claiming biculturalism introduced the concept of a bicultural children reply in English when their parents due to the influence of both of their cultures. may bring benefits in understanding and healthy living framework and how mi- speak to them in Chinese. Bicultural identity also may have positive adopting bicultural healthy-living methods norities approach healthcare in the western Researchers who have spent a long time effects on the individual, in terms of the that may never have been noticed before. world. researching culture of another country may additional knowledge they acquire from For example, there are many benefits from There are many definitions of bicul- claim biculturalism although none of their belonging to more than one culture. Fur- herbal and acupunctural therapies you may turalism. One seemingly straightforward family members or ancestors had ever come thermore, with the growing number of racial not have thought of when certain western one: Biculturalism represents comfort and from that country. They might or might not minorities in American society, individuals therapies do not work. However, bicultural- proficiency with one’s heritage culture and be able to speak the language but they know that identify with more than one culture may ism widens your views in healthy-living to the culture of the country or region in which about the culture very well and, therefore, have more linguistic ability. yourself and to others by claiming bicultur- one has settled. It is applicable not only they could be truly bicultural in that respect. alism in acceptable ways. to immigrants who have come from other Wikipedia’s definition of “bicultural- Benefits of claiming AMA’s Bicultural Healthy Living countries, but also to children of immigrants ism” or “bicultural identity” is as follows: biculturalism Framework helps to support a healthy life- who, although they were born and raised in Bicultural identity is the condition of Before claiming biculturalism, people style, no matter the cultural circumstance. the receiving society, are likely to be deeply being oneself regarding the combination of usually need to look within themselves to Next month’s article will be on Cultural embedded in the heritage culture at home two cultures. The term can also be defined see if they have characteristics or features Resilience and Chinese American with their families.1 as biculturalism, which is the presence of of biculturalism. When they finish this students. ♦ two different cultures in the same country or Biculturalism can be found in cul- task, they get to know themselves better. 1 region. As a general term, culture involves Biculturalism and Context: What Is Biculturalism, tural behaviors of daily life. You can tell by In their life, especially professional life, and When Is It Adaptive? checking which languages you can speak, the behaviors and belief characteristics of people usually get benefits by claiming their Seth J. Schwartza Jennifer B. Ungerb which websites you visit, etc. If you speak a particular social, ethnic, or age group. bicultural background. A business will get at least two languages and are more famil- Within culture, we have cultural effects, Asian Media Access, a nonprofit community edu- benefits from their employees’ bicultural cation agency, has been working on the health iar with more than two cultures, you are which are the shared behaviors and customs background since business is globalized disparities affecting communities of people of probably bicultural. We have seen people we learn from the institutions around us. An nowadays. By claiming biculturalism, you color in North Minneapolis since 2009. who celebrate main holidays here in the example of a cultural effect would be how USA while they also celebrate holidays of an individual’s personality is strongly influ- their heritage culture. For example, Chinese enced by the biological and social norms he Americans celebrate both the Gregorian is exposed to. Another cultural effect would New Year and Chinese New Year. be that in some societies it would be more However, children of bicultural families acceptable to dress or act in a certain way. WWTT? are not necessarily bicultural. Although chil- In regards to bicultural identity, an in- dren of those families could understand what dividual may face conflict assimilating into The Chinese Navy marked its 68th anniversary with their parents say, they might not be able to both cultures or finding a balance between an online poster of the country’s first domestic-built speak the language of their heritage culture, both. An individual may face challenges as- and might live mostly under the cultural similating into the whole, collective culture. aircraft carrier on April 23. So what marred the cel- ebration? Asians, blacks, (Answer on p.12) Hispanics have more heart disease risks at normal weight By Elaine Dunn

Chinese are 50 percent more likely than research found “for non-whites to have the whites to suffer from cardio-metabolic same number of cardio-metabolic risk fac- abnormalities that lead to heart disease, tors as whites with a body mass index (BMI, diabetes and stroke. a height-to-weight ratio used to determine A research study published in April in whether someone is overweight) of 25 kg/ the Annals of Internal Medicine reported m2 - the equivalent of 150 pounds for a that Americans of South Asian descent are woman measuring 5-foot-5 - they had to twice as likely as whites to have risks for have much lower BMI levels.” These were heart disease, stroke and diabetes, even 22.9 kg/m2 for African-Americans, 21.5 when their weight is in the normal range. kg/m2 for Hispanics, 20.9 kg/m2 for Chi- That means, "Clinicians using over- nese and 19.6 kg/m2 for South Asians - the weight/obesity as the main criteria for equivalent of 118 pounds for a 5’ 5”woman. cardio-metabolic screening, as currently As defined by the World Health Or- recommended by the U.S. Preventive Ser- ganization, normal BMI is 18.5 - 24.9; vices Task Force, may fail to identify cardio- overweight is 25.0 - 29.9; obese is 30-plus. metabolic abnormalities in many patients However, for South Asians and Chinese, from racial/ethnic minority groups," said heart disease and diabetes are known to oc- Unjali Gujral, a postdoctoral fellow with cur at lower BMIs. For these two groups, the Emory Global Diabetes Research Center normal BMI is 18.5 to 22.9; overweight is and the study's lead author. 23.0 to 27.4; and obese, 27.5 and higher. The study included 6,000 residents of Researchers hope the results from the Baltimore, Chicago, Los Angeles, Minne- study will enable patients of color of normal apolis-St. Paul, New York and Winston- weight get screened for heart disease, diabe- Salem areas, who identified as Chinese, tes and stroke and their health care providers white, Hispanic or African-American with to see that race/ethnicity alone may be a risk a parallel study of 803 South Asian residents factor for cardio-metabolic health. ♦ of San Francisco Bay and Chicago areas, who traced their ancestry to India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh or Sri Lanka. This is the first study that compared risks between different Asian populations. The www.chinainsight.info business & economics May 2017 / PAGE 5 Shanghai moves to open wider Is China about to overtake the to foreign investors US for world trade leadership? [SHANGHAI, April 27, Xinhua] -- It also hopes foreign investors could By James Heskett, Working Knowledge, Harvard Business School Shanghai authorities rolled out new mea- help sharpen the competitive edge of the sures Thursday to woo foreign investors, city's traditional auto, steel, shipping and There are a variety of reasons why China more interesting question is, does it matter?” cutting restrictions on their access to the chemical industries. is not a threat to the global trade leadership So that’s it for this month. Does it matter city's service and manufacturing sectors. What's more, new measures to open of the United States. They include demo- if China assumes global trade leadership? Accounting, auditing, architectural de- financial, telecommunications, the internet, graphic disadvantages, an unwillingness What do you think? sign and rating services, as well as financial cultural, shipping, and maintenance services to make Chinese markets more available For once, I’ll disclose a personal bias services, will open wider to foreign invest- will be piloted in the Shanghai free trade to imports, and a reluctance to open up the up front. In the early 1960s, I signed on as ment, according to a directive issued by the zone. banking system and promote the yuan as a member of a group that sponsored an ad Shanghai municipal government. By 2016, Shanghai had attracted more a global reserve currency. These were the in The Columbus Dispatch titled, “Trade In addition, the government will press than 80,000 projects funded by foreign conclusions of nearly all respondents to this With Red China.” Rather than advocate a ahead with "orderly" opening of fields such capital, with contractual foreign investments month’s column. position, the ad laid out the pros and cons as telecommunications, the Internet, culture, totaling around 400 billion U.S. dollars. Nevertheless, there was an undertone of establishing a trade relationship between education and transportation, and welcomes Last year, foreign-funded enterprises, to the comments suggesting that a more the United States and a largely isolated but foreign investment in government-backed the number of which accounted for 2 percent productive way of thinking about the mat- feared China. Nevertheless, it got my name science and technology projects, said the of the city's total, contributed 27 percent of ter would be to concentrate on fostering on a blacklist of faculty members attached directive. the city's GDP and 20 percent of employ- a stronger trade partnership between the to a letter from an alumnus to the president In the industrial sector, limits for foreign ment. US and China rather than thinking about it of The Ohio State University at the time, investors will be eased in the production of Foreign-funded enterprises have played primarily as a competition. demanding a reprimand or worse. rail transit equipment, motorbikes and fuel. an important role in Shanghai's efforts to Janik Kersten commented that “China How times change. Of course, a few The government supports foreign capi- make itself an international center for the today is not yet taking part in all the insti- years later, president Richard Nixon em- tal's involvement in advanced manufactur- economy, finance, trade and shipping, as tutions that we (the Western economies) barked on his momentous trip that literally ing industries, such as new information well as for scientific and technological in- installed, but slowly and steadily they will changed the course of US-China relations technology, new materials, intelligent equip- novation, according to the local commerce improve their trade ‘interoperability...’" and history. Little by little, trade relations ment, biomedicine, aerospace, new energy commission. ♦ Nevertheless, "the US will stay a country between the two expanded. China, for a and Internet-based automobiles. with a young and ambitious population time, became a primary manufacturer of benefiting from the flow of immigrants goods for US markets--economists estimate Education while China is rapidly growing old due to that up to 2 million manufacturing jobs its one-child policy.” shifted from America to China. Peng says education for girls George added that unless China opens At one time, the Chinese government up its own markets, it cannot be a credible was taking obvious steps to hold down the is important champion for world trade. “Xi Jinping’s value of its currency, triggering a chain words are more of a PR stunt,” he wrote. reaction that some believe contributed to By Chen Mengwei, China Daily, April 27, 2017 Wildebeest added, “[A]ttempting to do the Great Recession of 2008. Here’s their Peng Liyuan, the wife of President Xi Peng said the award is the first of its meaningful work in China is basically a thinking: Although the depressed value of Jinping, said the education of girls and kind and by far the only one like it under hassle from day one, top to bottom. Large the yuan increased the cost of raw materials women is a "noble and significant" pursuit. UNESCO. It aims to encourage more people companies often are willing to pay the imported by China, it produced a huge flow Providing women and men with the to devote themselves to the education of price, small companies much less so.” Judy of manufactured goods from China to this same opportunities to reach their full po- girls and women by rewarding individuals observed that, “Seems like China needs to country. A large current account trade defi- tential is a key to promoting social devel- and organizations that have made outstand- become a member of OECD for it to become cit for the US followed, with the resulting opment, gender equality and sustainable ing contributions in the area. the leader in world trade.” funds invested by the Chinese government development of society, to which education Peng said it is a basic national education Liel reminded us that, “Global trade in US Treasury bonds instead of going into plays a crucial role, Peng said. policy in China to promote education equal- leadership will have to go hand in hand with increased consumption by Chinese consum- Peng made the remarks during an exclu- ity and grant everyone with equal access to allowing the yuan/renminbi to be a major ers. This depressed global interest rates and sive interview with the UNESCO Courier education. China ensures girls' and women's reserve currency. And for that to happen, encouraged what turned out to be imprudent magazine. right for education via various means, such there will be a need to expose the banking borrowing (and lending) practices in the She was invited in 2014 to become the as laws and regulations, financial aid and system to free market forces… We will have world’s largest economy. UNESCO special envoy for the advance- free food for students in poverty. to see if Prime Minister Xi is prepared (to Since then, labor costs in China have ment of girls' and women's education by Women in China have made noticeable expose) China’s shadow banking and ru- risen to the point where a great deal of the Irina Bokova, the organization's director- progress in self-choice and in personal de- mored zombie banks to such a discipline.” original kind of manufacturing performed general. velopment, Peng said. China should not be an economic enemy, there has moved to lower-cost countries. Peng said she recognized both the Meanwhile, China is actively trying to Greg reminded us. “It would be better for Currency manipulation is thought to have great honor and immense responsibilities spread international cooperation and aid in the US to view China as a global partner subsided. The current account trade imbal- when Bokova gave her the special envoy education. In 2015, Xi said at the Global rather than a competitor for global trade ance has shrunk. Chinese consumers are certificate in March 2014 at UNESCO's Leaders' Meeting on Gender Equality and and resources… Dealing with Asia, and being encouraged to spend more of it. And headquarters in Paris. Women's Empowerment at the United Na- especially China, requires a more nuanced the leadership of the Chinese government "Education equality includes equality tions headquarters in New York that the point of view because understanding of appears to be adopting a new stance con- for opportunity, process and results. What Chinese government will donate $10 million language, culture and business practice can cerning free trade, one that appears to be we fight for is to make sure that women to the UN for the protection and enhance- be easily misunderstood… Ultimately, this at odds with core beliefs of China’s ruling have the same opportunities to go to school ment of women's rights. will lead to better economic performance for Communist Party. as their male counterparts, that they are The Chinese government also has set up both the US and China.” But ProfPaul views When President Xi Jinping spoke to the treated equally in education and that they funds and awards at UNESCO to support this as a long-shot. As he put it, “China World Economic Forum in Davos recently, have the same access to higher education, developing countries in promoting literacy remains committed to its own economic according to a report in The New York employment and social recognition as men campaigns and teachers' training programs and political advancement at the expense Times, “He championed free trade and open do," Peng said. "I would like to do whatever to facilitate education for girls and women. of its trade partners. It has never expressed markets, setting the tone for the week.” The I can to reach this goal." Talking about teaching, Peng, who is a a compelling world view that would rally facts on the ground seem to support that po- Peng said she has visited many schools, music professor, said a good teacher should global citizens to its side… .” sition. China is overtaking the United States institutions for the young, and organiza- be diligent and good at learning, should Others were not ready to lose much sleep as a trade partner of Latin American coun- tions for women's development in African always have the drive and motivation for over the question. For example, Shadrick tries, for example. The Chinese government/ and Asian countries during her more than creativity, and should keep improving their Shaili commented “China’s motive is to industrial complex (it’s hard to sort it out) two years of service as the special envoy. abilities. make the best out of any economy they have is buying companies and investing in proj- She hoped to get closer to the reality, learn He or she should know how to use an opportunity to trade or deal with so that ects around the world. In the meantime, a from their wisdom and strength, and share culture, aesthetics and arts to help students the benefits manifest in its people at home populist and nationalist wave has produced a experience. develop good personalities. They also ... In so doing, China seems to be taking power shift in America. Whether it will lead The Chinese government has proposed should be an example for students to see over world trade.” Sat Goel added: “China to the threatened tariffs, border taxes, and and sponsored the establishment of the what a kind and generous soul ought to be has surplus trade with the world and the US renegotiated trade agreements (with an em- UNESCO Prize for Girls' and Women's like, so the students can be better prepared has a deficit trade balance… As such, the phasis on bilateral agreements) mentioned Education, for individuals and organizations for society, Peng said. US lost the race several years ago.” In the by the new administration is still subject to that contribute to that goal. Last year, Peng "I will carry out my duty as the special same tone, Salvatore posed a question for debate. But the tone of utterances by those and Bokova jointly presented the awards to envoy to support UNESCO in improving us: “Leadership in global trade is as fluid two winners from Indonesia and Zimbabwe education for girls and women all over the as leadership in the Kentucky Derby… So, at the first official ceremony in Beijing. world. I will do whatever I can," Peng said.♦ sure, China could overtake the U.S. The Continued on Page 15 PAGE 6 / May 2017 history www.chinainsight.info Establishment of the Red Army By Pat Welsh, contributor

In Wuhan, on May 1927 the 5th Party headed by General Von Falkenhausen, in his Conference occurred with Chen Duxiu ( fifth and last campaign, Chiang mobilized 陳獨秀) as party chairman. Chen favored 900,000 men and adopted new strategies moderation and concessions to the Wuhan recommended by his German advisors. Here Kuomintang (國民黨) despite Chiang Kai- Chiang used blockhouse-and fortification shek’s (蔣介石) strikes against the Com- strategies. He avoided exposing any large munist Party (共產黨). Mao Zedong (毛澤 body of troops beyond the fringes of his 東) realized that Chen did not understand network of new roads and fortifications. the role of the peasantry in the upcoming Chiang’s troops advanced only when well revolution. Chen fired Mao from his Hunan covered by artillery and aircraft. Chiang also posts citing Mao’s peasant activities that had established economic blockades around the motivated a counter-strike by army com- Soviet districts. With the KMT now having manders there. Party member opposition to material and manpower superiority, the Red Chen grew as Chen’s one-man authoritarian Army found itself forced to move its areas of governing style alienated the Central Com- main operations to the northwest. In October mittee. Also the Comintern sent a message 1934, the Red Army began its epic “Long to Borodin ordering the Party to begin con- March,” the subject of considerable fame fiscation of landlord’s lands. A Comintern and notoriety in modern Chinese history. member, M. N. Roy got a copy of it and Despite dislodging the communists showed it to Wang Jingwei (汪精衛), who from most of their Soviets in southeastern was then chairman of the leftist Wuhan Gov- China, the Fifth Campaign proved to be ernment. The result was the expulsion of inconclusive. Its objective of destroying communists from the Kuomintang (KMT). the Red Army was a failure. The Red Army Thereafter chaos within the Communist retreat from Jiangxi was swiftly and secretly Party resulted from anti-communist mas- undertaken. About 90,000 of the 160,000 sacres in Shanghai and elsewhere. Red Army military had already evacuated On Aug. 1, 1927, the Party’s 20th Army, before Chiang realized what was taking in cooperation with Zhu De (朱德), led the Map of the Long March place. Rear guard activities by heroic Red Nanchang Uprising. This effort resulted in Army regulars, peasant guards and parti- beginnings of the People’s Liberation Army. motivated the Central Committee to dismiss up the straw matting upon which you sleep sans slowed the ability of Chiang’s forces On Aug. 7, an extraordinary meeting of Cen- Mao and remove him from his posts in the 3) Be courteous and polite to the people to occupy the abandoned cities the Soviets tral Committee of the Party deposed Chen as Party Front Committee, Mao nonetheless and help them when you can 4) Return all left behind. the secretary. Informally, leadership of the remained head of the army he had formed. borrowed articles 5) Replace all damaged Party fell to Qü Qiubai (瞿秋白). His posi- In May 1928, Zhu arrived at Ching- articles 6) Be honest in all transactions with tion there lasted until 1929 when Li Lisan ( kanshan and joined his army to that of the peasants 7) Pay for all articles purchased 李立三) assumed Party leadership. Also in Mao’s. Together they planned a six-county and 8) Be sanitary, and especially establish the Party’s leadership at this time was Xiang Soviet area. They gradually stabilized and latrines a safe distance from the people’s Zhongfa (向忠發), who had Moscow’s consolidated communist power in a Jiangxi- houses. Where tactics were concerned, four support and who Guangdong bor- points were essential: 1) When the enemy had participated der area from advances, we retreat 2) When the enemy in Qü’s ouster. which a gradual halts and encamps, we pester them 3) When Li’s alliance expansion of the enemy seeks to avoid battle, we attack The Long March with Moscow’s their influence and 4) When the enemy retreats, we pursue. Comintern and grew. Although In the Chinese Soviet-controlled areas, The Long March itself started from his policies of originally op- the Party redistributed lands and reduced several locations in the Jiangxi, Fujian, emphasizing the posed by the taxes. Collective enterprises were estab- Guangxi and Hunan provinces. The March Chinese urban Party’s Central lished widely. Unemployment was reduced proceeded in one to four different columns proletariat over Committee, considerably. Opium, prostitution, child once they came together early in the flight. the peasantry Mao began to slavery, foot-binding and compulsory mar- The eventual end of this 6000-mile tortuous played into the Mao on the Long March receive their riages were eliminated. Long March was in Northwest Shaanxi. hands of the support during the winter of 1928. Soviets Early in 1929, several groups of parti- The March involved numerous on-foot KMT. By 1933, and minor communist armies also began to sans were reorganized into the Third Red countermarches, twist and turns through the Central Committee was forced out of emerge in southeastern China. From this Army, which became a part of the First hostile geographical conditions. Avoiding Shanghai and moved to a more secure cen- would come a further reorganization and Army Corps under the command of Zhu the attempts of Chiang to block their moves, tral base in Jiangxi, where Mao was viewed the Fourth Red Army was created with Zhu with Mao once again as the political com- the March moved first westward through as the head of the Communist movement. as commander and Mao as the political missar. To this First Army Corps was added Guangxi and Yunnan before moving north- In 1927, the Central Committee sent commissar. the Fourth Army, now under the command ward through Western Sichuan. Today there Mao to Changsha to organize what later The winter of 1928 also saw the estab- of Lin Biao (林彪). exists countless stories of adventure, explo- became known as the Autumn Crop Upris- lishment of the Fifth Red Army led by Peng In December 1930, the KMT in Nanjing ration, discovery, human courage, suffering, ing (秋收起義). In Hunan, Mao’s program Dehuai (彭德怀) operating in alliance with began its first campaign to exterminate the sacrifice and loyalty told and recorded by the called for 1) A complete severance of the Mao. Mao’s Fourth Army then began a suc- Communists in Jiangxi. Although encircled survivors of the ordeal. Provincial Party from the KMT, 2) The orga- cessful campaign through southern Jiangxi. and outnumbered 100,000 to 40,000, the Next month, I will talk about Japan’s nization of a peasant-worker revolutionary Land distributions there and reforms within KMT army was completely defeated by the intrusion into China in the 1930s. ♦ army, 3) The confiscation of the property the Party and Army enabled the establish- end of January 1931 through unusual tactics of landlords and 4) An organization of the ment of Soviets to the extent that the local employed the Red Army. A second exter- About Pat Welsh Communist Party in Hunan that would Party could establish a Jiangxi Provincial mination attempt involving 200,000 KMT operate independently of the KMT, and the Government holding sway over southern soldiers in May and June also failed. In July In 2009 while teaching English at organization of Soviets. Jiangxi Province. through October 1931 a third extermination Sichuan University, Welsh was asked to Despite opposition from the Party’s Discipline within the Party and the army attempt also failed. In all three campaigns, give a speech where he was introduced Central Committee, Mao, with the support produced support from the peasantry. At the Red Army allowed Chiang’s forces to to the audience as a “pioneer of Chi- of the local Hunan Provincial Committee, Chingkanshan the Red Army had imposed enter deep into the Red-held areas only to nese American relations” as a result of organized an army composed of divisions three simple rules of discipline upon its find themselves outmaneuvered by a more his cooperative work in international of peasantry, Hanyang miners and remnants soldiers: mobile Red Army staging concentrated at- banking during the Deng Xiaoping era. of the Wuhan garrison that had revolted • Prompt obedience to orders tacks and swift dispersal tactics. In 1932, For more than 65 years, Welsh has been against the left-leaning KMT local leader, • No confiscations from poor peasants; and the Red Army began offensives of its own learning Chinese and has used this Wang Jingwei (汪精衛). Despite desertions • Prompt delivery of all goods confiscated in southeastern China. knowledge both professionally and per- and some betrayals, about 1,000 men of from the landlords In April 1933, Chiang launched his sonally to enhance his understanding of Mao’s army were able to fight their way After the 1928 Party Conference, eight fourth and most disastrous campaign. The Chinese and Asian affairs. He currently through southern Hunan to the Chingkan- more rules were adopted to ensure support 11th KMT Division, Chiang’s best, was resides in Georgia and occasionally shan mountain stronghold. Although Mao’s of the peasantry. These were: 1) Replace eliminated and disarmed. lectures on China to classes in World unauthorized activities and military losses all doors when you leave a house 2) Roll Taking advice from his German advisers History and World Literature. www.chinainsight.info community May 2017 / PAGE 7

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This program aims to redirect "The Time Has Come the country’s domestic overcapacity and capital for regional infrastructure development to improve trade and for a Reset in U.S.-China relations with Asian, Central Asian and European countries. Relations: What Will That How do we make a U.S.-China deal? China needs outward invest- Look Like?" ment to gain the technology and know-how to modernize and diversify By Greg Hugh the country’s industrial and financial assets. The U.S. needs to protect the It was obvious as McGregor spoke to the DNA of the U.S. country’s technology base and rebuild James MacGregor, second from left, is presented that this topic was and China political systems as being very our industrial base. Both sides are with the Griffin plaque of interest to many different. On the other hand, our economies, focused on jobs. who attended the and increasingly our societies, are deeply the promise of the China Dream, the Chinese Following his presentation, Mc- 16th Annual Bob intertwined. America has to accept that equivalent of making China great again. He Gregor held a brief Q & A session that and Kim Griffin China is on its way to building a global notes that we cannot blame our problems included questions about dealing with North Building U.S.-China economic, political, and military footprint on China and perhaps need to be providing Korea, business opportunities in China, women’s equality, developing markets and James Bridges lecture held to rival the U.S. The Chinese leadership has the right kind of training to U.S. workers. concerns about how the heads of state will MacGregor recently at McNa- to accept that, as the world's second largest He compares train stations in China to our mara Alumni Center economy and an international trade and fi- Ellis Island. He also pointed out the U.S. is handle U.S.–China relations. at the University of nance powerhouse, China will have to begin very similar to China, except that China has At the conclusion of the program, Mer- Minnesota. The speaker was James Mc- genuinely playing by global rules. The an- more people. edith McQuaid, associate vice president and Gregor, author and Greater China chair for swer may be for China and the U.S. to treat The U.S. has no reason to demonize dean of International Programs, presented APCO Worldwide, an international PR firm. each other as equals, and to have reciprocity China. Perhaps we should even congratulate McGregor with the Griffin plaque. ♦ Prior to the lecture, Joan Brezinski, as the bedrock that underlies our business China on its amazing performance. The executive director of the China Center and and trade relations. During the fast-paced country has gone down a well-worn path. James McGregor is Greater China Confucius Institute, introduced Robert lecture, McGregor commented on how the But current Chinese policies are at the end chairman for APCO Worldwide and author Kudrie, Orville & Jane Freeman chair in U.S. has fixated on long memories that still of the road. China’s market and its industrial of two highly regarded books: “No Ancient International Trade & Investment Policy, manifests itself in an anti-China mood while machine are now so mighty that protection- Wisdom, No Followers: The Challenges of Humphrey School of Public Affairs. In his China has developed a very strong ambition ism and mercantilism amount to a form of Chinese Authoritarian Capitalism” and introductory remarks, Kudrie noted that to be successful and is concentrating on global economic warfare. “One Billion Customers: Lessons from the trade is the central cause of pain for the U.S. the industries of the future with its people In China, a new economic paradigm Front Lines of Doing Business in China.” and more than 6 million jobs have been lost focusing on being entrepreneurs. emerges in the form of its One Belt, One He is a former China bureau chief for The from 2000-2010 while output still managed McGregor briefly discussed how in- Road program, which focuses on the cre- Wall Street Journal and former CEO of Dow to increase. As he introduced McGregor, novative and sharp the local governments ation of an economic land belt for countries Jones China. In his nearly three decades in Kudrie stated that the lecture would be are while Beijing continues to be obsessed on the original Silk Road through Central China, he has also been a venture capital about the future and not the past, and what with scary paranoia. He noted that Xi Jin- Asia, West Asia, the Middle East and investor, entrepreneur who founded a re- the options are for now. ping, president of China, sees himself as the Europe. It also provided a link between search company for hedge funds, and an As McGregor began, it appeared that third transformative leader of post-dynastic China’s port facilities and the African coast, advisor to many companies. He currently the audience was certainly going to get an China, behind Mao Zedong and Deng pushing up through the Suez Canal into the splits his time between Shanghai, Beijing, earful as to how the lecture was presented Xiaoping. His optimistic message has been Mediterranean. and Duluth. PAGE 8 / May 2017 arts & culture www.chinainsight.info Flower power at the Asian Art Museum By Elaine Dunn

The Minneapolis Institute of Art held power” as a call to join peaceful anti-war its annual “Art in Bloom” last month. Next demonstrations in the 1960s. month, San Francisco’s Asian Art Museum • The sophistication of the carefully cul- will present “Flower Power” to commemo- tivated, globetrotting tulip and rose. Gallery rate the 50th anniversary of the Summer highlights include an intriguing Ottoman- of Love in San Francisco. The exhibit will era dish that stylizes the esteemed tulips and feature pan-Asian artworks that reveal the roses of Western Asia. Such artworks help “powerful language of flowers across times tell the story of cross-cultural pollination and cultures.” The exhibit begins June and the circulation of treasured bulbs and 23 and runs through seeds across continents Oct. 1. The enduring importance and empires — lead- Any mention of of these six flowers is ing to moments like the phenomenal Sum- shared through gloriously the fabled tulip mania mer of Love of 1967 bubble in 17th-century and what immediately gilded screens, sleek Amsterdam. pops into mind? Im- lacquers, rare porcelains, • The transience ages from the counter- striking sculptures, pop of ephemeral plum culture San Francisco art, and sensory-igniting, and cherry blossoms. scene: hippies with participatory contemporary Gallery highlights in- long hair blowing in installations that speak to clude lyrical scenes of the wind, dancing in courtly cherry blossom Golden Gate Park and/ today’s issues, from climate viewing from the Tale or tripping out on the change to social activism. of Genji. The essence “Summer lotus,” 1688, by Yun Shouping streets of the Haight- of this Japanese classic, (Chinese, (1633–1690). Colors on silk. Ashbury district. Some might even have perhaps the world’s first romance novel, is The “Moving Garden 2009,” flowers in their hair! So it is fitting that 50 poignantly captured on shimmering gold- by Lee Mingwei (American, years later, “Flower Power” is celebrated in leaf screens that deploy these short-lived b. Taiwan, 1964). Stainless the form of an art exhibition that “invites flowers to suggest the fragility of love. steel, granite, water, and fresh audiences to explore the lasting appeal and • The pause for reflection demanded flowers. surprising stories of six flowers as distinc- by the auspicious chrysanthemum. Gallery tive as their blooms,” as stated in the Asian highlights include a “hundred flowers” Art Museum’s press release. vase, with each blossom rendered in perfect Tray with plum blossom and The power of flowers to inspire peace lifelike tones. The all-over pattern on this moon motif, approx. 1400– and love goes back far more than 50 years delicate Qing-Dynasty porcelain from China 1500. China, Ming Dynasty and far beyond our shores. “The anti-mate- creates a dizzying array, reminiscent of ‘60s’ (1368–1644). Lacquer with rialist and pacifist spirit of the Summer of psychedelic fashions, which conveys tidings inlaid mother-of-pearl. Love was really a starting point for develop- of health, longevity and the introspection ing the exhibition,” says “Flower Power” and insightfulness from which such lasting curator Dany Chan. “Ultimately, we were prosperity arises. guided in organizing “Flower Power” as Installations by contemporary artists much by the richness of the artworks as by touch on themes of social engagement, the philosophy behind an ancient Chinese provocation, and the enduring power of proverb: ‘If you have two pennies, spend flowers to express our most cherished one on a loaf and one on a flower. The bread values. For example, Taiwanese American will give you life and the flower a reason artist Lee Mingwei’s “The Moving Garden” for living.’” invites visitors to pluck a single stem from The exhibition brings to light unex- beds of flowers placed in a channel in his pected connections among gloriously gilded sculpture — on the condition that they give folding screens, modern-looking lacquers, the blossom to a stranger, expressing social Lidded cup in the shape of a rare porcelains, sumptuous textiles, and solidarity at a moment of heightened politi- chrysanthemum, 1776. China, contemporary installations of live flowers cal insecurity. Lee will speak at the museum Qing Dynasty, reign of the and sensory-igniting multimedia. Drawn on July 27. Qianlong emperor (1736– primarily from the museum’s renowned These artworks underscore how the 1795). Lacquer. collection, dozens of masterpieces are dis- community-oriented heart of the Summer of played in a way that highlights their shared Love still beats strong in the Bay Area today. Painting with 100 flowers motif. China, botanical bounty. Visitors to “Flower Power” will discover Ming Dynasty (1368–1644). Colors on silk. In Asian art, flowers speak a language that for centuries humans have used flowers all their own. The exhibition uses a thematic to communicate ideals from the refined to approach organized into different galleries the revolutionary. and range from the mystical, to the worldly, “Flower Power offers a unique take on to the quietly activist, tracing subjects that the spirit of the Summer of Love and its continue to inspire us in our everyday lives: connections to Asian artistic practices, past • The transcendence of the luminous, and present,” says Museum Director Jay Xu. though swamp-dwelling, lotus. Visitors to “In addition to serving as an oasis of beauty the gallery will be greeted by a Thai paint- during this lively anniversary year, our ing nearly 200 years old and over 13 feet exhibition shows why artists return again long that depicts the spectacle of Buddha and again to floral imagery to express them- overcoming demonic forces, transforming selves during times of social uncertainty and weapons into tranquil lotus blossoms. The cultural change — a message that is more image echoes legendary Beat poet Allen relevant now than ever before.” ♦ Ginsberg’s coining of the expression “flower

Chinese porcelain vase with overglaze Flowers of the twelve months, by Yun enamels with “100 flowers” motif. Bing (Chinese, 1670–1710). Ink and colors Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, Qing Dynasty, on silk. reign of the Qianlong emperor (1736–1795). Photographs © Asian Art Museum www.chinainsight.info arts & culture May 2017 / PAGE 9 Scholars’ rock on the move

April 27 was a momentous day at Province and the University of Science & the Minnesota Landscape Arboretum in Technology, are from the historic Qinling Chanhassen. One of the three scholars’ Mountains (秦嶺山) in central China. LIVE RACING rocks delivered last December destined for Construction of phase 2, the new Moon the Chinese Garden was moved onto the Gate, is scheduled to begin in May. Watch Chinese Garden site. The rocks, a gift from for more updates! ♦ RETURNS MAY 20 the People’s Republic of China, Shaanxi

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Scholar’s rock installed in the Chinese Garden at the Minnesota Lanscape Arboretum FAMILY FRIENDLY RunAces.com

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This is classified as a volunteer position. Send resume to Greg Hugh at [email protected] or call 612-723-4873 PAGE 10 / May 2017 science & technology www.chinainsight.info Tencent launches AI HOST FAMILIES NEEDED Host a Chinese student and make a difference... initiative Enrich their experience and enhance your own! By Ouyang Shijia, China Daily; May 4, 2017

w As a host family you share American culture with a First US-based research center access to the world's leading AI technolo- to be led by former Microsoft gies, currently dominated by the U.S. student from China and scientist "The move shows that the company is Wanted: provide them more than they Chinese internet titan Tencent Holdings betting big on the hottest area of technology could learn in a classroom. Ltd said it is gearing up its expansion in the and innovation: AI," Lu said. ONLINE w Learn about their culture, artificial intelligence sector, seeing the red "It will help the company to create new hot field as the next frontier of growth and momentum in its key market." English Language Teachers explore the differences and innovation in the internet industry. By opening the new lab, Shenzhen- develop new connections. Tencent, the tech giant best known for headquartered Tencent joins the army of

its WeChat messaging service and gaming, Chinese tech powerhouses‒including Baidu Global WouldLearning you likeAlliance to help (GLA) Chinese is students a Twin in Cities based organization that announced on Tuesday that it will open its Inc and Didi Chuxing‒in their quest to at- grades 6-12 polish their spoken and written serves as a facilitator to assist students from China that want to study tract global talent to the booming AI sector. English skills (and, occasionally, history and first U.S.-based AI research lab in Seattle, in the United States. To ensure that these students obtain the best literature)? We are hiring native English-speaking which will be led by former Microsoft sci- Baidu was the first among Chinese tech experienceteachers possible, to teach ESLGLA (different seeks levels) to place or high the students with host families. entist Yu Dong. giants to open an AI lab in Silicon Valley in The lengthschool of U.S. their history stay or literature. could vary from a few months to a full school year Yu Dong, appointed as deputy director 2014. In March, Baidu reportedly launched and include high school and college students of both sexes. Teach from our Twin Cities cloud-classroom setup of Tecent's AI Lab division, will run the its second AI lab in Silicon Valley, right after or your home office. Teaching will usually take new facility and is expected to drive the Chinese ride-hailing giant Didi Chuxing Since we recognize that hosting a student from China may place a financial place in the evenings (6-10 p.m.), early mornings fundamental research on speech recogni- opened its first AI facility in the same area. burden on many families, we will provide some financial reimbursement (6-8 a.m.), or weekends. Number of hours are tion and natural language understanding, Lu said although Tencent's arrival to the but expect a family to be a host because of the mutual cultural exhchange flexible. Rates are from $15 to $40 per hour the company announced. AI sector was relatively late compared with that bothbased will on receive the course and requirements not just the and financial the aspect. teacher’s experience. Before joining Tencent, Yu was the its rivals, it was catching up fast by increas- principal researcher at the Microsoft Speech ing investment, including the appointment To learnTeaching more experience about being is required. a host Teaching family, license contact is preferred, Richard but not necessary. He at (612) 987-6540 or email, [email protected]. and Dialog Group and an adjunct professor of Yu Dong and the newly established AI If interested, please contact Richard at 612-987-6540 or [email protected]. of Zhejiang University. lab in Seattle. "We hope the AI lab will not only be "The competition will be fiercer as more a laboratory, but also a connector to bring tech powerhouses gear up in the AI rush," together the world's leading talent," said Lu added. Zhang Tong, the newly appointed director Tencent set up its core AI Lab in April of Tencent's core AI Lab and the former big 2016, dedicated to providing AI technical data director at Baidu Inc. support for Tencent products and services. 球 知 教 育 集 团 Lu Yanxia, research manager at IDC The Shenzhen-based lab currently has China, said the new lab will help Tencent to more than 50 researchers and over 200 en- lure top international staff and have better gineers, according to the company. ♦

Opinion President of Xi’an International University nominates two for Nobel Peace Prize By Longwu Wu, contributor

On Aug. 15, 1945, Japan announced 2017 Nobel Peace Prize. Toshitaka is a well-known attorney a Japanese company during the war but its unconditional surrender ending WWII. Tong, born in Chongqing in 1956, at law in Japan. For many years, he had never returned, and the services were not Since then, in the last 70-plus years, despite earned his Bachelor in Economics from represented Chinese victims free of charge paid). were compensated with RMB 230 the fact that the governments of China and Sichuan University and his Master of Law to seek civil compensation from the million from Mitsui Group, which now Japan have made efforts trying to restore degree from Peking University. In 1990, Japanese government. He is currently the owns the Japanese company and one of a normal relationship between the two Tong wrote an article titled “It Is Impera- chair of Japanese Lawyer Defense Team the largest Japanese corporations engaged countries based on the “forgive and forget” tive for Chinese Victims to Seek Compen- for China’s nongovernmental war-crime in international trading. Another Japanese principle, many issues have remained unre- sation from Japan.” initiating in China the claims lawsuit. He even mortgaged his company, Mitsubishi, has apologized and solved and bilateral relations tense. Conflict, nongovernmental campaign to urge for house for a bank loan to support Chinese compensated the forced laborer victim- even violent thinking, exists among some compensation from Japan to the Chinese victims’ claims activities. ized during WWII. Those results, more people of both countries. war victims. Between 1992 and 1995, Tong and Toshitaka endured consider- effective than the governmental approach With calm and objective observations Tong received more than 10,000 letters able difficulties, inconveniences and even of “forgive and forget,” helped to relieve along with thorough and rational think- from Sino-Japanese War victims and their safety threats from Japanese right-wing the animosity between the victims and the ing, professor Aimin Chen, the president relatives. Many of those letters have been groups. As their pursuit had conflicted aggressive party, substantively improved of Xi’an International University, China, uploaded online and have been regarded with the Chinese and Japanese govern- the Sino-Japan relations. nominated two prominent nongovernmen- as the Chinese version of “The Diary of mental philosophies of “forgive and for- It was reported that U.S. President tal peace advocates, Tong Zeng of China Anne Frank.” (See http://10000cfj.org/en/ get,” Tong’s passport was withheld by the Donald Trump and Russia Head of State and Onodera Toshitaka of Japan, for the for details.) authority for six years. Letters from the Vladimir Putin were also nominated for war victims were inspected by the Chinese the Nobel Peace Prize. Yes, these two officials before reaching him, and he often mighty powers could almost stop the Call for Articles… was expelled from Beijing by the govern- spinning of the globe. However, in my ment under different pretexts whenever opinion, their efforts on the world peace ChinaInsight is a local newspaper fostering U.S.-China cultural and there was a significant Sino-Japanese are not comparable to the efforts of Tong business harmony. event. Toshitaka was harassed and stalked and Toshitaka. I would keep my eyes on

in Japan by Japanese right-wing organiza- Nobel Prize Committee and wish the two We are interested in publishing articles that engage audiences in America. tions and was stalked in China when he nominees by Prof. Aimin Chen win the Potential topics range from understanding daily life in China (or for Chinese visited to collect evidence. prize instead. ♦ in America) to discussions of business markets from both an American or After their long and persistent efforts, Chinese viewpoint. China’s nongovernmental war-crime Longwu Wu holds a Ph.D. in mechanical If you would like to contribute an article, please contact Greg Hugh at claims against Japan finally won their engineering from Drexel University. He is 612-723-4872 or e-mail [email protected]. first case in 2014. Victims (such as Chung a retired database administrator and lives Wei Steamship Co., the Chinese shipping in Eagan, Minn. firm, whose two freighters were leased to www.chinainsight.info book review May 2017 / PAGE 11 “Fixing Inequality in Hong Kong” by Richard WONG Yue Chim Reviewed by Peter Gordon, Asian Review of Books, April 4, 2017

Author: Richard WONG Yue Chim Publisher: Hong Kong University Press Publication date: July 2017 Hard & softcover: 288 pages Richard Wong is professor of economics and Philip Wong Kennedy Wong Professor in political economy at the University of Hong Kong, where he has served as former deputy vice-chancellor and provost. His other books include “Hong Kong Land for Hong Kong People: Fixing the Failures of Our Housing Policy,” 2015; “Diversity and Occasional Anarchy: On Deep Economic and Social Contradic- tions in Hong Kong,” 2013; “On Privatizing Public Housing (Hong Kong Economic Policy Studies Series),” 1998 and others.

Anyone who wishes to opine on Hong ertheless considers the “most important minimum wage is “an ineffective solution” Kong’s perceived troubled present and pos- challenge” to be population. Hong Kong’s will leave progressives uncomfortable. About the reviewer sibly fraught future would do well to read population problem is not so much the total It would be nice to say that the book is Peter Gordon is the editor of The Richard Wong’s “Fixing Inequality in Hong number of people, but the demographics: both clear — which it admirably is most Asian Review of Books and founder of Kong” first. the population is aging rapidly. Wong also of time — and easy to comprehend, which Hong Kong’s online bookseller Pad- The value of the book lies not so much draws attention to what he considers to be unfortunately it is not always. The latter dyfield. He set up and was the inau- in Wong’s conclusions and prescriptions, insufficient attention to the development of however is a reflection of the complexity gural Chair of the Man Asian Literary about which there may be some legitimate human capital. He compares Hong Kong of the subject; despite the mental effort Prize and was one of the founders and differences of opinion, but rather in the way unfavorably to Singapore, which he says required, readers should be grateful that organizers of the original Hong Kong he reaches them: through the use of as much (in what will almost certainly be considered Wong hasn’t skimped on the rigor. (But the International Literary Festival. data as he has been able to get his hands on, controversial) has better immigration and book could have benefited from an index.) He has also been involved in in- which in turn informs references to theory, education (and, for that matter, housing) These are complex, difficult and contro- ternational trade and investment other studies and analysis. Wong covers a policies. The numbers, as numbers, would versial issues. No review can do justice to a development, and set up the Russian great deal of ground in these 300 pages — seem to bear him out. book this idea- and content-rich. Wong has Trade Association (a chamber of com- enough for an entire advanced economics Wong also spends a considerable num- in “Fixing Inequality in Hong Kong” set a merce) in Hong Kong in 1994. He wrote course — so the book cannot in and of itself ber of pages on definitions or, rather, met- standard for public discussion, which one regular editorial columns for Hong be entirely rigorous, but Wong is transparent rics. “Inequality” is not the same as “pov- can only hope that others on all sides of this Kong's English-language dailies for as to the data sets and techniques so anyone erty,” he usefully points out, and discusses multi-faceted issue will see fit to emulate. ♦ several years and is co-author of the wishing to run the numbers again can do so. difficulties in the measurements of both. The recently published “The Silver Way: “Fixing Inequality in Hong Kong” is policy — and political implications — are China, Spanish America and the Birth a collection of some three-dozen linked considerable, of course: one must first agree of Globalisatiion, 1565-1815.” “essays,” each a compact summary of one about what it is that needs to be fixed before aspect of the issue. Wong begins by run- one can go about fixing it. One of the more ning through a list of Hong Kong’s very straightforward example is whether public real economic, social, demographic and housing should be included in income for political challenges. It’s a long list and poverty line calculations and if so how it somewhat depressing, including everything should be valued. He also calculates that from increasing wealth and income gaps to current poverty line measurements counter- Be Your Own Boss! an aging population, lagging development intuitively overestimate the number of poor of human capital and a fragmented public households among the elderly. China Insight is seeking a self-motivated individual to sell advertising space for our newspaper. China policy agenda. Wong does his best to divest himself of Insight has been publishing for 15 years. The ideal One of the main takeaways of the book political baggage, but it is not entirely pos- individual we seek must be passionate about our is that, for better or worse, the problems are sible, for politics is the necessary vehicle mission, be resourceful, creative and capable of linked: housing policy affects education, for implementing most of the solutions. working independently. We offer a very generous education affects human capital, human It is sometimes said that the facts have a commission structure and you get to set your capital affects income distribution, all of liberal bias; practical policy solutions seem own hours. which will affect demand for housing, and to swing the pendulum back a bit. Wong, it so on. So while each issue must be looked seems, illustrates both. Some of the conclu- Contact Greg Hugh at 612-723-4872 or email at individually, a policy solution for one will sions — for example, that because it will [email protected] tend to affect others. decrease the time spent with their children, When issues are interlocked in this “getting more women to join the labor force way, it can be hard, if not impossible, to may in effect worsen intergenerational mo- identify, which is central, but Wong nev- bility for low-income families” and that the PAGE 12 / May 2017 book review www.chinainsight.info First bilingual U.S. constitutional law textbook by China Insight contributor Chang Wang published in China By Elaine Dunn

The new book on CUPL strategic partnership U.S. constitutional was initiated in 2007 during law is dedicated to CUPL’s official visit to Thom- “Chinese lawyers,” son Reuters, when Chinese while “Legal Re- Congressman Xu Xianming, search in American president of CUPL, and Rick Law” is dedicated to King, executive vice president “The University of and chief information officer Minnesota and Thom- of Thomson Reuters, agreed son Reuters,” where on the partnership to promote the author “found and global rule of law and cross- read the law.” cultural legal information Dr. Peter War- sharing. wick, executive vice Upon the publication of Chang Wang (second from right) and his students presented president and chief “Constitutional Law,” King a copy of Constitutional Law: Lectures, Cases, and people officer of commented, "China and con- Resources to Chief Justice Lorie Gildea of the Supreme Thomson Reuters, stitutional law? These two Court of Minnesota (center, seated). authored a foreword topics collide in a legal thriller on Magna Carta and by a Thomson Reuters man." the rule of law. War- Wang’s new book consists of three parts: Thomson Reuters China, welcomes the wick analyzed the 1) Wang’s 24 lectures on constitutional law; publication. "This first bilingual textbook influence of Magna 2) Annotated case briefs of 39 U.S. Supreme on U.S. Constitutional Law based on West's Carta and pointed out Court cases; 3) Resources to research and Key Number System will help Chinese that the Magna Carta study U.S. constitutional law: Key Number lawyers and law students better understand provided the basis for System: 92 Constitutional Law; Constitu- the principles of governance in the United the very idea of the tional Law Research Guide; Constitutional States and reinforce Thomson Reuters rule of law. Law Glossary; bibliographies of scholastic thought leadership in Chinese academic Vance Opperman, books in English on constitutional law and and legal communities. Thomson Reuters Constitutional Law: Lectures, Cases, and Resources, by Chang president of West scholastic books in Chinese on constitu- is committed to contributing to the ongoing Wang, China University of Political Science and Law Press, 2016. Publishing Compa- tional law, as well as a list of films and development of the rule of law in China. ny (1993-1996) and documentaries about constitutional law. Our legal products and services provide In January 2017, China University of member of the board of directors of Thom- The book also includes Chinese transla- trusted answers to legal professionals, and Political Science and Law Press, a leading son Reuters and lead independent director, tions of Magna Carta and the U. S. Constitu- meet the needs of a growing nation and its legal publisher in China, published a bilin- authored an introductory foreword for the tion, and, for the first time, translations of ever more complex economic and social gual (English and Chinese) U.S. constitu- book. He is a prominent supporter of the the Constitution of the Commonwealth of realities," Kim said. ♦ tional law textbook based on West’s Analy- rule of law and a stellar representative of Massachusetts (the oldest constitution in sis of American Law/Key Number System. the legendary West Publishing. Opperman’s the U.S.) and the Constitution of the State Wang has been a regular contributor to “Constitutional Law: Lectures, Cases, and introduction relates to the development of of Minnesota. China Insight since 2013. His articles offer Resources” is a two-volume, 1200-page text the Key Number System and the common In the book, Wang pointed out: “The depth and insight into the Chinese psyche and the first bilingual textbook of U.S. Con- law development of the decisional law in story of West Publishing parallels the story and social norms. They include “Dancing stitutional law. The author, Chang Wang, is the United States. of American law, and these two stories have with the Dragon” (November 2015-January a regular contributor to China Insight and This book is another fruit of the strategic become one, inspiring jurists and citizens 2016), “Doing Business with China and chief researcher at Thomson Reuters. partnership between Thomson Reuters, who globally. It is amazing to read the story of the Chinese People” (January-June 2015), “Constitutional Law” is a sequel to the provides professionals with the intelligence, the law – from the Magna Carta to the U.S. “Last Lecture” (January and October first bilingual legal research book on Ameri- technology and human expertise they need Constitution to the Key Number System – 2014), “Living within Parallel Universes” can law – “Legal Research in American to find trusted answers, and China Univer- and to learn how the American law has and (February and March 2016), “Luckiest Law,” also authored by Wang and published sity of Political Science and Law (CUPL), became the role model of the legal systems Generations” (April-September 2016), and by China University of Political Science and the world’s largest law university in terms of so many countries in the world.” most recently, “Chinese in Trumpland” Law Press in 2014. of enrollment. The Thomson Reuters- Thomas S. Kim, managing director, (February-April 2017).

WWTT? Sharp-eyed online commenters quickly pointed out the jet on the carrier’s deck was a Russian MiG-35 fighter; the three jets soaring above were land-based jets, not carrier- based ones. If that’s not bad enough, the two ships along- side the aircraft carrier were U.S. amphibious assault ships, not Chinese vessels.

What were they thinking? www.chinainsight.info society May 2017 / PAGE 13 China Focus: Chinese bookstores adapt to Wanted: social changes ONLINE English Language Teachers [BEIJING, April 25, Xinhua] -- For Gao Like CITIC Books, branded bookstores Hengrui, 20, going to a bookstore is no around the country are looking for their own longer only about buying books, rather, it niche market. In Guangzhou, a bookstore is a "culture hunt." operates much like a boutique shop, offer- Would you like to help Chinese students in Wine tasting, photo exhibitions, themed ing designer accessories and artwork while grades 6-12 polish their spoken and written lectures -- cultural events like these have giving readers space to read. In Beijing, a English skills (and, occasionally, history and made bookstores a "must-go" for young bookstore features cats, inviting cat lov- literature)? We are hiring native English-speaking Chinese. ers worldwide to spend an afternoon with teachers to teach ESL (different levels) or high "Bookstores today are not just stores, books, coffee and their favorite pets. school U.S. history or literature. but public spaces where people can relax," What underlies the transformation of Gao said. physical bookstores is a shift in China's con- Teach from our Twin Cities cloud-classroom setup As China's consumer spending on cul- sumption, which is becoming increasingly or your home office. Teaching will usually take ture grows, the country's bookstores are diversified and culture oriented. place in the evenings (6-10 p.m.), early mornings reinventing themselves. Redefining them- "Not that long ago, big companies in (6-8 a.m.), or weekends. Number of hours are selves as "knowledge centers" or "cultural China had all the power to determine what flexible. Rates are from $15 to $40 per hour hubs," physical bookstores are reviving an products would be made available to the based on the course requirements and the industry in a downturn. market," said CITIC Group chairman Chang teacher’s experience. CITIC Books, the book chain owned Zhenming in the company's annual report. by Chinese conglomerate CITIC Group, "That era is long gone, and consumption Teaching experience is required. Teaching license is preferred, but not necessary. for example, offers value-added services to models have changed to reflect the primacy If interested, please contact Richard at 612-987-6540 or [email protected]. meet the demand of a niche market. of customer desire." CITIC Books targets a group of custom- Whether it's selling artworks or offering ers it calls "the rising class," offering them coffee, booksellers have their own way to new products in its bookstores, such as answer the call. drones and 3D-enabled phones. "The change in bookstore culture exactly To diversify its income streams, CITIC reflects what's going on in the economy," Books also offers customized services to Fang said. corporate executives, selecting the "right" Cultural spending in China as a whole books to cater to the demand of individuals is gaining momentum as authorities push based on their personal characteristics such the cultural sector. China's 13th Five-Year 球 知 教 育 集 团 as age and interest. Plan (2016-2020), the country's social and "Bookstores are not just selling products economic development blueprint, is at- now. In fact, they are selling lifestyle," Fang tempting to make the culture a "pillar" in Xi, general manager of CITIC Books, told the country's economy. Xinhua. Local governments have also intro- In 2016, CITIC Books' parent company, duced detailed support measures, including From Page 1 CITIC Press, generated a net profit of 128 rewards and tax incentives, to encourage million yuan (about 18.6 million U.S. dol- physical bookstores. lars), 28 percent more than the previous According to a poll conducted by Forget the leggings! year, according to the company's annual Renmin University of China, the Culture report. Consumer Index, a measure of the country's Revenue growth will accelerate as the cultural consumption, increased from 73.7 The elegant qipao book chain opens more stores this year, ac- in 2013 to 81.5 in 2015. has a distinctive man- cording to Fang. Confident in the company's With government support and rising de- darin collar and slitted growth potential, Fang said that CITIC mand, publishers like CITIC Books cannot skirt that reaches mid- Books plans to open another 60 stores in find a better time to innovate. ♦ thigh. The traditional 2017. Chinese women’s national dress is an imagery of China made popular by Hol- lywood in the 1920s and 1930s. Kind staff at local The qipao, also known as the cheon- gsam, originated in school lends cab fare Manchurian China during the Qing Dy- nasty (1644-1911). Qipao was originally a Ching-ling, wore the figure-hugging gown to lost student to get long, wide, loose-fitting garment. Legend and made it the fashion de rigeur for women has it that a fisherwoman made it more all over China – the symbol of modernity. to examination practical and less cumbersome by making The qipao was phased out with the dawn it slimmer, but with slits at the sides to en- of the Cultural Revolution, which dictated able her to tuck the front of the customized the uniformity of the unisex Mao suit. After Here’s another case of good people do- popular with Hong Kong students. Many “qipao” in. At the same time, legend said the Cultural Revolution, western influence ing good things. other students reminded him to go and thank the young emperor woke from a dream that increased and the qipao was only worn at A 17-year-old boy was recently dropped the kind staff member in person and to return said a fisherwoman in a qipao would become formal occasions. off at the wrong school for the all-important the $100, which he did the following day.♦ his consort. He sent his men out to find the In recent years, it has made a comeback Diploma for Secondary Education exam by fisherwoman and the fisherwoman became in mainstream fashion. In 2007, the Shang- his taxi and did not have enough cash on him the emperor’s wife. hai Cheongsam Salon was created to pro- to get to the right location by another taxi. Since then, Manchu women copied the mote the elegance of the national dress. The Fortunately for him, a staff at the school fisherwoman’s qipao style. With the fall of 2013 Beijing Fashion Week had a number generously handed him HK$100 to catch the Qing Dynasty and great social change, of pieces inspired by the qipao. And fashion another taxi to the right school 20 minutes tailors found a way to revamp the qipao. The houses such as Dior, Gucci, Lauren, Versace away. waist was nipped, dress shortened, sleeves and Vuitton had been incorporating ele- The student managed to get to the right also were shortened and the entire qipao was ments of the qipao on their runways. Could school on time to take his exam and thought slimmed down to hip the curves. One of the a qipao revival be close behind? ♦ he “did quite well.” He posted his story and socialites of the time, the influential Soong a photo of a$100 bill on a social media site PAGE 14 / May 2017 people www.chinainsight.info Chinese Americans continue to contribute Continued from Page 1 He also emphasized the importance ertown. The historic district has been called where are you Avenue were about confronting prejudices of putting Chinese Americans’ bicultural “the national model for the urban village.” It really from?” based on how people looked. It captured nature to good use in “building a bridge of is held in the field as the shining example of As mentioned the diversity of life as it was on University understanding” for promoting better U.S.- successful central city revitalization based by Weiming Lu, Avenue before light rail. The 500 images China understanding and relations. on public-private partnerships. Huie obviously were displayed along storefronts and giant Lu grew up within an architectural- Not only is Lu a successful urban plan- also experienced murals on buildings. Each evening, they aware environment in China. His father, ner and designer, he is an accomplished the “forever were also projected on a movie theater- an architect with deep interest in classic Chinese calligrapher. Since his 1997 solo foreigner” syn- sized screen on a parking lot accompanied Chinese architecture and literature, and an exhibit in China National Art Academy in drome. by music soundtrack. As he photographed admirer of Frank Lloyd Wright, was edu- Hangzhou, he was invited to many other Growing up, the people, he also asked them a series of cated in China and France, and translated international exhibits in China, and Japan. Huie knew his questions: “What are you?” “How do you Le Corbusier’s “Urbanisme” into Chinese. His works are part of the permanent col- Wing Young Huie family came to think others see you?” “What don’t they Lu senior practiced and taught architecture lections at the Minneapolis Institute of Art, Minnesota to see?” “What advice do you have for a his entire life. In a 2008 interview with the the China National Academy of Fine Arts, start a new life and not much more. He stranger?” “What’s your favorite word?” National Park Service, Lu mentioned that and featured in a 2016 PBS “MN Original” never knew, nor questioned, why they and photographed them holding up an an- through his father, he learned “it was not segment. moved to New York briefly before return- swer written on a chalkboard, but with no enough to design good buildings; architects He served as vice-chair of the National ing to Duluth, and why they had a new last contextual explanation. “There’s not just one should seek a proper relationship between Chinese American Committee of 100 for name either. Not until he started journalism interpretation. What I’m doing is putting up buildings and their surroundings.” many years, with two basic missions: (1) school did his curiosity prompt him to start all these little mirrors, bits of photographic Lu is an internationally recognized in improving U.S. China understanding questioning. These are the questions that reality,” he said. urban planner and designer. He earned his and relationship, and (2) ensuring Chinese bore the foundation of his works, especially • “Gateway to History” (2017) accom- Master’s Degree in Civil Engineering from American contribution to mainstream Amer- the recent installation at the History Theatre panied the “Paper Dreams” play by Jessica the University of Minnesota in 1954 and ica. For the mission, he joined a 10-day visit in St. Paul, which was in conjunction with Huang at the History Theater. The exhibit in- in Regional Planning from the University to China with renowned cellist Yo-yo Ma, the play “The Paper Dreams of Harry Chin.” cluded large portraits of Chinese Americans of North Carolina-Chapel Hill in 1957. architect I.M. Pei, and other Chinese Ameri- and stories He devoted his entire career working to can leaders in 1994. In 1995, 50 years after of how preserve culture and heritage in the plan- the end of the WWII, he and the Chamber they be- ning of communities. Lu served as advisor Music Society of Minnesota initiated the came U.S. to the National Committee for U.S. China “Hun Qiao: Bridge of Souls” project to citizens. Relations for many years. Locally, he served “revive the dead soul; and to build bridge The por- as advisor to the Harbin-Minneapolis Sister between countries in promoting peace.” Six traits were City Committee and chair of the Changsha- years later, the world premiere concert by both inside St. Paul Sister City Committee. He also the same name was held at St. Paul’s Ord- the lobby served on the board of the Minneapolis way Center for Arts and was broadcasted as well as Foundation. on National Public Radio on International on the ex- He worked on numerous projects around Peace Day, Sept. 18, 2001. terior wall U.S. cities and abroad. In the 1960s, he de- Lu has received many awards, including of the the- veloped a plan for Minneapolis that led to the first Quadrennial Presidential Award ater while legislation on and the restoration of historic for Design Excellence and the Presidential Portraits of “paper son” descendents on exterior wall of History Theater, the play landmarks and districts around Minnesota. Award from National Trust for Historic St. Paul ran. They His projects centered around revitalization Preservation. He has published “Shan Shui heightened of neighborhoods, using open land and Cities of Oriental Quality,” “The Tao of Huie earned his Bachelor Degree in Jour- awareness of the Chinese Exclusion Act and vacant lots, and making them part of the Urban Rejuvenation: Building a Livable nalism from the University of Minnesota in the singling out of one group from being viable community landscape. In 1972, while Creative Urban Village,” among other 1979. His photographs have been exhibited able to travel to the U.S. deputy director for urban design in Dallas, works. “Shan Shui” has been translated nationally and internationally, and he is best Huie said there was still much fear and Lu led the initiative to get the infamous into Chinese and Japanese. “Tao” has been known for turning urban thoroughfares into reluctance about the topic of “paper sons” Texas Book Depository state historical des- translated into Chinese and is published outdoor galleries. He has received many fel- among the “Gateway” participants. Some ignation. Lu was one of the honored guests both in Taiwan and China. He and his wife lowships, grants and awards, including the refused to participate for fear of being stig- invited to the 50th anniversary of JFK’s established the Shan Shui Foundation Fund Minnesota 2000 Photo Documentary Project matized and, worst yet, deported for their assassination. However, the project of note to support art, urban design and conserva- (1997), the Star Tribune “Artist of the Year” ancestors having come here illegally. His and the one where Lu spent 26 years on is tion, and U.S.-China exchanges. (2000), St. Paul Companies Leadership Ini- own family still does not really talk about the one he worked on just before retiring: “As a person who has spent nearly one tiatives in Neighborhoods Award (2001), the it either. Saint Paul’s Lowertown Redevelopment. third of my life in China and two thirds in Emerging Leaders Spotlight Award from the Christine Podas-Larson, executive di- It covers one third of downtown St. Paul, the United States, I am a product of two Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs (2006), rector of Public Art St. Paul, said Huie “finds approximately 180 acres in area. The reju- cultures that do not always dwell together and many others.` the beauty in the everyday moments of venation generated $1 billion reinvestment harmoniously. Generally speaking, Chinese He has been photographing cultural people's lives and displays them as a sort of through persistent and creative public/ culture stresses continuity, while American landscapes around Minnesota. His pho- antidote to marketing images that continue private partnership, and truly laid a solid culture values change. As one who has had tography represents true community art, to stereotype or offer unrealistic standards foundation to the revitalization of Low- to straddle both cultures, I often struggle resulting in several notable public art proj- for good looks or wealth.” with these competing ideals. Over the years, ects that touch on the myths of what a true Huie’s images and public art projects I have come to the conclusion that continu- Minnesotan is. certainly contribute to much needed discus- ity without change brings stagnation and • “Lake Street USA” (2000) was a sions of how different people can see the deterioration, and change without continuity four-year project where Huie photographed same images and come away with very dif- brings instability and uncertainty. The chal- everyday life of thousands of residents along ferent reactions based on their cultural and lenge for me is to strike a sensitive balance Lake Street in Minneapolis. Images of all socioeconomic backgrounds. In an America between the two in my work and my life,” sizes, 675 in all, were eventually displayed more divided as ever, Huie’s photography Lu said in his interview with the National on store windows of 300 businesses on Lake will help initiate some meaningful cultural Park Service. Street. At the time, that six-mile exhibit was dialogs, dialogs that can help bridge percep- possibly the largest of its kind in the Twin tion and reality. Wing Young Huie Cities. Some images had accompanying text A comment from the “Lake Street USA” Professional photographer Wing Young about the people, but there was no signage visitors’ book summed it up nicely, “These Huie was born and raised in Duluth, the of what the installation was about. It was up photos show us, real and valuable just as youngest of six. When out and about taking to what the passersby wanted to make of it. we are. They are sad because they aren’t photos of people on the street, he says he • “The University Avenue Project” the perfect images of others we’re used to gets the question, “Where are you from?” a (2010) was another six-mile outdoor gallery seeing. They are empowering for the same in St. Paul. The huge images of people and reason. Thanks, for these images and a Weiming Lu working on calligraphy lot. His response of “Duluth,” is often fol- lowed by the additional question, “No, no, life from neighborhoods along University chance to respond. Peace." ♦ www.chinainsight.info proclamation May 2017 / PAGE 15 President Donald J. Trump proclaims May 2017 as Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month

A PROCLAMATION women. As a member of The Ninety-Nines, an organization of women pilots, she paved This month, we celebrate Asian Ameri- the way for thousands of women to take to can and Pacific Islander Heritage Month, the skies. and we recognize the achievements and There are more than 20 million Asian contributions of Asian Americans and Pa- Americans and Pacific Islanders in the cific Islanders that enrich our Nation. United States. Each day, through their ac- Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders tions, they make America more vibrant, have distinguished themselves in the arts, more prosperous, and more secure. Our literature, and sports. They are leading Nation is particularly grateful to the many researchers in science, medicine, and tech- Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders who nology; dedicated teachers to our Nation's have served and are currently serving in children; innovative farmers and ranchers; our Armed Forces, protecting the Nation, and distinguished lawyers and government and promoting freedom and peace around leaders. the world. Dr. Sammy Lee, a Korean American NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. who passed away last December, exempli- TRUMP, President of the United States of fied the spirit of this month. Dr. Lee was the America, by virtue of the authority vested first Asian American man to win an Olympic in me by the Constitution and the laws gold medal, becoming a platform diving of the United States, do hereby proclaim champion at the 1948 London Olympics May 2017 as Asian American and Pacific only one year after graduating from medi- Islander Heritage Month. The Congress, by cal school. To fulfill his dreams, Dr. Lee Public Law 102–450, as amended, has also overcame several obstacles, including his designated the month of May each year as local childhood pool's policy of opening to "Asian Pacific American Heritage Month." I minorities only once per week. Later in life encourage all Americans to learn more about he was subject to housing discrimination our Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and (even after eight years of military service). Pacific Islander heritage, and to observe Dr. Lee nevertheless tirelessly served his this month with appropriate programs and country and community, including by rep- activities. resenting the United States at the Olympic IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have here- Games, on behalf of several Presidents. unto set my hand this twenty-eighth day of Katherine Sui Fun Cheung also embod- April, in the year of our Lord two thousand ied the spirit of this month. In 1932, she be- seventeen, and of the Independence of the came the first Chinese American woman to United States of America the two hundred Is China about to overtake earn a pilot license. At the time, only about and forty-first. ♦ 1 percent of pilots in the United States were DONALD J. TRUMP the US for world trade leadership? Events Continued from Page 5

Celebrating Asian Pacific now in position to influence US trade policy SUMMING UP: Does It Matter If China is in distinct contrast to the position of free Assumes Global Trade Leadership? It's American Heritage Month trade advocates in past administrations. better for the United States if China is an The biggest factor influencing world economic ally rather than a competitor for HBO premieres three short Pan Asian Arts Festival 2017 trade leadership is the relative health of the world trade leadership, James Heskett's films throughout month economies of the US and China. As Thomas readers conclude. ♦ Date: Saturday, May 20 Christensen put it in his book, The China Three short films, winners of HBO's Time: Noon-8 p.m. Challenge, “before we worry ourselves References: first Asian Pacific American Visionaries Location: Mall of America rotunda; about Chinese economic growth, it might be Thomas J. Christensen, The China Short Film Competition, will be aired on 60 E. Broadway, Bloomington best to consider the implications of Chinese Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Ris- HBO GO®, HBO On Demand® and HBO stagnation!” ing Power (New York: W. W. Norton & Zone®, The award-winning shorts examine As part of celebrating Asian Pacific So are the roles of the US and China Company, 2015) a range of controversial issues such as crime, American Heritage Month, Mall of America, in world trade reversing? If President Xi Alexandra Stevenson, “Global Elites addiction and family turmoil within the APA Pan Asian Arts Alliance and Asian Media believes, as he says, in free trade, will he See an ‘Abyss’: The Populist Surge Upend- community and are by emerging APA direc- Access have joined together to host non-stop be in a position to deliver? In the meantime, ing the Status Quo,” The New York Times, tors. The three films are: activities for the whole family ranging from is current US talk about renegotiating long- January 20, 2017, p. B2. "Monday," directed by Dinh Thai, fol- Chinese classic to South Asian Bollywood standing trade agreements along with tariffs lows a young drug dealer who finds himself dances. and tighter borders just talk? Is Chinese James L. Heskett is UPS Foundation pro- struggling with the moral implications of his this Pan Asian Arts Festival will be a world trade leadership on the horizon? If so, fessor of Business Logistics, emeritus. illicit profession. delightful and refreshing amalgamation what will it mean for the rest of us? What "Wonderland," directed by Tiffanie Hsu, of ethnic dance and music performances do YOU think? explores the lonely and surreal world of a that embody and celebrate the rich cultural 12-year-old girl whose mother (played by diversity within the Asia region, and show- Joan Chen) is a gambling addict. casing the great diversity that is right here "Toenail," directed by Jingyi Shao, cen- in Minnesota. ters around a career-obsessed yuppie having This free event to care for his ailing father on the eve of a will include dance major promotion. and music perfor- The Asian Pacific American Visionar- mances, carnival ies Short Film Competition objective is games, and arts and go showcase the works of up-and-coming craft activities. ♦ Asian American and Pacific Islander direc- tors and to offer a platform for stories from the AAPI community that are not often seen. PAGE 16 / May 2017 travel www.chinainsight.info opera house, and one of the province’s cultural landmarks. Baiyun International Guangzhou: Cantonese culture Convention and Exhibition Center, with its original style and bold conception of incor- porating natural landscape into the building, and dim sum heaven was awarded the highest honor for public buildings at the 2008 World Architecture China Today, Nov.-30, 2016 Festival in Barcelona.

so distinct. of China period (1912-1949) bestowed on Cantonese cuisine This communication, col- Guangzhou the Western-style buildings that Visitors to Guangzhou are always lision, and intermingling made gained popularity after the official end of the dazzled by its array of restaurants. If you Lingnan Culture foremost in Qing Dynasty. are hungry, a multitudinous range of dishes modern China’s politics and After the founding of the People’s awaits you, simple or sumptuous, high-end ideology, as well as the coun- Republic of China in 1949, modern build- or cheap. Guangzhou’s developed economy try’s revolutionary and cultural ings commingling Chinese and Western has fueled its catering industry, and the city’s development. architectural styles dominated Guangzhou’s time-honored toothsome snacks and other Guangzhou is the cradle of landscapes. The combination of these build- delicacies have earned it a high culinary China’s national industry. The ings and Lingnan style gardens showcase reputation. country’s modern military in- Guangzhou’s architectural versatility. Cantonese cuisine is one of China’s dustry and civil industry, estab- The representative Lingnan style folk four major styles of cooking. It features a lished during the Westernization residences in Xiguan Corner (now known as wide range of ingredients, diverse choices, A glittering night view of the Canton Tower and Movement of the latter half of Liwan District) are symmetrical structures and balanced flavors. Various soups form Zhujiang New Town taken on September 13, 2016. 19th century, were distributed with a main hall at the center. One hall another characteristic of Cantonese cuisine, throughout Southeast China’s encloses a courtyard that has a dooryard to which Cantonese teahouse desserts and Located in the middle south of Guang- coastal areas. Guangzhou Machine Bureau separating the two major halls. herbal tea also contribute. dong Province, Guangzhou, the provincial was the first Westernized enterprise in The study, bedrooms, and capital, is among China’s top three most Guangdong Province. stairwells are usually beside the developed metropolises, the other two Bei- The city also witnessed the planning major hall, to the right of which is jing and Shanghai. of modern China’s democratic politics. usually a courtyard ornamented Guangzhou has throughout its 2,200- Prominent political thinker and reformer with flower gardens, pot plants, year history been the political, military, Kang Youwei (1858-1927) founded the and a rockery or fishpond. Their economic, and cultural focal point of South modern school in Guangzhou called Wanmu interior décor of elegant rose- China. As a hub of Cantonese culture that Caotang. There he disseminated his thoughts wood furniture, exquisite wood evolved within the area encompassing on constitutional reform and modernization. carvings, and stained glass panels Guangzhou and the Pearl River Delta, Revolutionists Sun Yat-sen and Huang inlaid with paintings and callig- Guangzhou is distinct for its traditions and Xing launched an armed uprising in Guang- raphies are also rich in Lingnan folkways. zhou in 1911, their aim to overthrow the appeal. Diners enjoy dim sum at a Cantonese tea house in The cultural legacy of the city’s 2,200- Qing Dynasty and establish a bourgeois Commercial arcades first ap- Guangzhou. year civilization is manifest in all facets of republic. Despite its failure, the Lingnan peared in ancient Greece more daily life, in particular Guangzhou’s cuisine, Culture, with Guangzhou as the core, was than 2,000 years ago, and spread through- The teahouse is the most appealing as- architecture, commerce and trade, as well as a driving force of modern China’s political out the world in modern times. Those in pect of Cantonese culinary culture, but not the local dialect, etiquette, art, and frequent reform. Guangzhou were first built after the 1920s. just because it provides all manner of savory festivals. Guangzhou sustains with ease the Over the past decades, Guangdong has A structure designed to protect pedestrians and sweet refreshments at reasonable prices. high reputation that is rooted in its many been at the forefront of China’s reform and from wind, rain, and sunshine, they are an Tea drinking is actually a way of social- cultural assets. opening-up. For example, Baoan, a county especially welcome feature during Guang- izing. You can always see at the teahouse under the administration of Guangzhou, zhou’s intense heat and monsoon-style rains. small groups of people on weekdays, or Core region of Lingnan culture was renamed Shenzhen City, and so became Arcades also provide a convenient space big family outings at weekends or holidays. Lingnan, literally south of ridges, refers China’s first special economic zone in 1980. for shops lining the sidewalk to display Alternately enjoying selections from to three provincial regions south of Wuling Meanwhile the Pearl River Delta took the goods. They are hence a feature of such several trays of snacks and sipping cups Ridges – Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan, lead in China’s opening-up, so acting as an commercial thoroughfares as Beijing Road of tea, they gather there to talk about life all of which are seats of the Lingnan culture. archetype of China’s economic develop- Pedestrian Street, Shangxiajiu Pedestrian and current news topics. This is part of the Guangzhou is the most prominent city by ment. Street as well as Dishifu, Zhongshan, Jief- Guangzhou lifestyle. Taking morning tea, or virtue of its striking characteristics and ang, South Renmin, and Yide roads. yum cha, at the teahouse is a regular feature wide influence. The huge influx of Western culture in of daily life here, and also a Guangzhou Guangzhou has been known during Diverse Lingnan architecture Guangzhou is site of the archetypal the late 19th to early 20th centuries gave cultural motif. its history, which goes all the way back to Lingnan architecture that retains its origi- rise to folk residences that combined both Cantonese refreshments, or dim sum, the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC), as Nanhai nal appeal. Its evolution started in the traditional Chinese and Western-style archi- are based on Lingnan snacks, and have Prefecture, Panyu, and Guangzhou Area Ming (1368-1644) and Qing dynasties, tecture. The houses and gardens in Dong- absorbed the techniques used to make impe- Command. It has always been an adminis- the former’s influence evident in various shan and Meihua Village, with usually front rial pastries and Western cakes. With more trative center. academic and ancestral halls. The late Qing or back yards, pillared porches, and walls than 2,000 varieties and diverse flavors, Around AD 330, Guangzhou became a Dynasty left its mark in the form of the folk and iron gates to insulate these mansions Cantonese refreshments lead those of the major port along the Maritime Silk Road, residential mansions in Xiguan and various from the world outside, are representative entire nation. and also China’s sole foreign trade port. arcade buildings, whereas the early Republic of this period. Most famous are shrimp dumplings, Owing to its frontier location, Guangzhou The foreign-style cottages built by steamed rice noodle rolls, steamed buns was never at center stage of Chinese his- overseas Chinese feature more traditional stuffed with barbecued roast pork, steamed tory, a fact that has more clearly defined its Chinese grey-tiled porch roofs, often a chicken stuffed with glutinous rice, fried local features. whole section of Taihu Lake stone that white radish patty, water chestnut cake, and In earlier times, people living in the stands in the fountain pool and enshrines a steamed dumpling with pork, mushrooms, Central Plains would head south to escape statue of Guanyin, Goddess of Mercy, and and bamboo shoots. Moreover, Cantonese the wars and turmoil that so frequently a traditional Chinese santos rosewood chair mooncakes are popular at home and also erupted there. These newcomers gradually on an Italian concrete floor. The owners have a high reputation abroad. infused and enriched Lingnan Culture with of these houses clearly believed that the To best adapt to local geographic and that of the Central Plains. Guangzhou’s combination of Chinese and Western styles climatic conditions, the Guangzhou people distinct character gradually took shape in afforded optimum comfort. specialize in soup – a smart innovation – as this process of blending and evolvement to If these historical buildings represent the it both appeases hunger and enhances health. eventually become a center of the Lingnan city’s traditional facets, visitors are amazed Different combinations of ingredients and Culture. and thrilled at the vibrant modern beauty of herbs perform different functions, such as After the First Opium War (1840-1842), its brand-new modern buildings. maintaining youth and beauty, nourishment, Guangzhou advanced from a mere border The ultra-modern Pazhou International and warding off disease. town to the forefront of China’s interchanges Convention and Exhibition Center perfectly The Cantonese people’s love of soups with Western countries. Guangzhou’s combines hi-tech, intelligentization, and is well-known throughout China. Almost unique culture, characterized by global vi- ecological awareness. Guangzhou Opera every housewife is skilled in this culinary sion with a commercial focus, is the result House is, after Beijing’s National Center specialty. Anyone whose meal doesn’t in- of a blending of the Orient with the West. Overseas holidaymakers take a selfie in for the Performing Arts, and the Shanghai clude a bowl of soup is to be pitied, as this Its consequent openness, pragmatism, and front of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall on Grand Theater, China’s third state-level implies they live in a loveless vacuum.♦ inclusiveness are what make Guangzhou October 15, 2016.