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Research on External Space Design of Green University Campus in Lingnan Area Based on Climate Suitability

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Research on External Space Design of Green University Campus in Lingnan Area Based on Climate Suitability Journal of Architectural Environment & Structural Engineering Research | Volume 02 | Issue 02 | April 2019 Journal of Architectural Environment & Structural Engineering Research https://ojs.bilpublishing.com/index.php/jaeser ARTICLE Research on External Space Design of Green University Campus in Lingnan Area Based on Climate Suitability Wei Hu* School of architecture, south China university of technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history With the rapid development of society and the continuous improvement Received: 14 March 2019 of living standards, ecological environment and energy problems are becoming increasingly prominent, and university campuses are also Accepted: 4 April 2019 facing many environmental problems. However, the green concept was Published Online: 19 April 2019 not considered in the initial design of many university campuses, which resulted in the inability to effectively solve the environmental problems Keywords: in the later stage. Campus external space design is an important part of Lingnan area campus design. The purpose of this study is to introduce the green con- cept into this link, implant "passive energy conservation" from the design Climate adaptability source, and carry out climate adaptability design for green university Green university campus. Green university campus in Lingnan area is explored at the level Urban design of urban design to achieve the optimization possibility of external space design strategy. Through the comparative study of the microclimate in the External space square, the courtyard and the street, the outer space of the university cam- Form coefficient pus in Lingnan area is analyzed and sorted out to get a universal spatial prototype. Based on the advantages of traditional buildings in Lingnan, this paper deals with the hot climate in Lingnan by means of shading, heat insulation, ventilation and cooling. 1. Research Background are also used to construct various buildings and ancillary facilities. The emergence of green buildings has effective- 1.1 Green Campus ly reduced the amount of building energy used. Energy conservation is divided into "active" and "passive" green hina has a large population base. With the rapid research. Active energy saving is achieved mainly through development of society and the continuous im- equipment and additional investment. Passive energy sav- provement of living standards, the overall per C ing is achieved through building layout, space, structure, capita resources are lacking, and the ecological environ- etc., without relying on equipment and requiring addition- ment and energy issues are becoming increasingly prom- al investment. inent. Statistics show that 50% of the world's energy is The university campus is an important part of today's used in construction. At the same time, more than 50% of society, which provides development and backup support the materials obtained by human beings from the nature for the country. According to the latest data released by *Corresponding Author: Wei Hu, School of architecture, south China university of technology, 1705, Chongli Building, Zone 5, Liede Garden, Liede Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510641, China; Email: [email protected] Distributed under creative commons license 4.0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30564/jaeser.v2i2.915 1 Journal of Architectural Environment & Structural Engineering Research | Volume 02 | Issue 02 | April 2019 the State Statistical Bureau and the Ministry of Education, function, spatial experience, building energy conservation there are more than 27 million college students nationwide and people-oriented can be achieved. in 2018. More than 190 million people have university education. As a large public building, university campus 2. Climate Adaptability has a certain geographical range and spatial scale. It not 2.1 Climate Adaptability Research only involves the functional requirements of teaching, scientific research, life and other aspects, but also carries Lingnan is broadly understood as the south of five the inheritance of culture and the expression of openness. mountain (Dayu Mountain, Qitian Mountain, Yuecheng However, as a major energy consumer, university campus Mountain, Mengzhu Mountain and Dupang Mountain). still faces many energy-saving problems, which seriously It includes southern Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan, restricts the development of green university campus. The Hong Kong, Macao, and northeastern Guangxi. In the nar- main reason lies in the lack of comprehensive and system- row sense, Lingnan refers to the Pearl River Delta and the atic concept of sustainable development in most university Cantonese-speaking areas in southwestern Guangdong. campuses from the early stage of design. Lingnan region has subtropical monsoon climate. Its char- acteristic is hot, stuffy, damp. The hot and humid weather 1.2 Purpose and Significance is good for growing plants, and the abundant rain and Campus external space design is an important part of dense river network make Cantonese accustomed to living campus design. The research purpose of this paper is to with water. introduce the green concept into this link, implant "pas- At the same time, the subtropical climate of Lingnan sive energy conservation" from the design source, and also belongs to the hot summer and warm winter climate carry out climate adaptability design for green university zone. The buildings in this area must fully meet the re- campus. In the energy conservation design of green uni- quirements of summer heat, ventilation and rain protec- versity campus, for buildings, the early stage of design tion. Winter protection and insulation are not considered. has a great influence on the energy conservation results. The key points of climate-adapted architectural design are In other words, the energy-saving effect achieved by spa- shading insulation, ventilation and heat dissipation, envi- tial scale, building site, connection construction and other ronmental cooling, rain and moisture proof and typhoon external spatial optimization strategies cannot be ignored. prevention. However, the concept of external space design is broad, so The green building strategy of Lingnan is greening, this paper focuses on the spatial relationship between the shading, ventilation and water. Urban microclimate was [1] corresponding building and the external space. Both the improved by greening, shading, ventilation and water . site and the connector construct the external space of the Through the spatial strategy of “cold lane, patio, open green university campus. By analyzing the architectural hall, courtyard”, the corresponding cultural expression [2] prototype of place and connection in campus design, the and climate adaptability technology is realized . The passive energy saving principle is studied and correspond- climate adaptability characteristics of traditional Lingnan ing green strategies are given to form a comfortable, effi- buildings are compared with the new building practices, cient and pleasant external space of university campus. and energy-saving design strategies are implemented from [3] Through the study of the design strategy of the external the perspective of architectural space and form . space of green university campus, the increasing ecologi- 2.2 Thermal Comfort Research cal and energy pressure of the city is well alleviated. This has become a guide and model for comprehensively pro- For the characteristics of heat, suffocation and humidity in moting ecological civilization. In addition, this kind of de- Lingnan area, the experiment mainly studies the thermal sign strategy research can greatly play the role of cultivat- comfort effect of human body in the summer solstice. Re- ing talents in environmental education, and enable college search on thermal comfort has been developed in foreign students to accept the influence of green and low-carbon countries for nearly 100 years. Houghton and Yaglou from concept. the United States proposed the first effective index (ET) As a better component of the natural environment in for thermal comfort evaluation. The U.S. Navy has put the city, green university campus will effectively regulate forward the famous Wet Ball Black Globe Temperature the ecological function and provide a more comfortable Index (WBGT).In 1970, Professor P.O. Fanger of Danish urban microclimate environment for people. Through the University of Technology, based on the thermal comfort climate adaptation strategy of the external space design equation and the 7-point scale of ASHRAE, proposed two of green university campus, the win-win results of urban comprehensive indexes, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and 2 Distributed under creative commons license 4.0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30564/jaeser.v2i2.915 Journal of Architectural Environment & Structural Engineering Research | Volume 02 | Issue 02 | April 2019 PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied), to evaluate In recent years, with the deepening of understanding the thermal environment. of microclimate in big cities, the inseparable relationship The Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) index is based on between microclimate and urban form has been estab- the basic equation of human body heat balance and the lished [5].The form and combination of urban architecture level of subjective thermal sensation of psychophysiolo- directly affect the formation of urban microclimate. Urban gy. It considers the comprehensive evaluation indicators microclimate should be represented by both physical in- of many related factors of human
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