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Dunford House, West Lavington Whaleback WHALEBACK HERITAGE STATEMENT: DUNFORD HOUSE, WEST LAVINGTON Address Dunford House Dunford Hollow West Lavington Midhurst West Sussex GU29 0AF Date: August 2019 Revision: 2 Our Ref: W1952 Size: A3 WHALEBACK LTD Trinity Cottage Strettington Boxgrove Chichester PO18 0NW Chichester Office - 01243 514945 Brighton Office - 01273 234354 [email protected] 1 WHALEBACK CONTENTS Introduction 3 Assessment of Heritage Significance 4 Assessment of impacts 21 Appendix 22 2 WHALEBACK Introduction WHALEBACK is instructed to prepare a Heritage Statement for Dunford House, near Midhurst. This statement responds to the SDNPA Guidance Note: Heritage Statements for the South Downs National Park Authority: A Guide for Applicants. Paragraph 189 of the NPPF states that “In determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets’ importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance.” The guidance advises that the Heritage Statement should also • describe the proposed changes; and • provide a justification for any ‘harm’ which arises from them and set out a mitigation strategy In this case, the proposed changes and the impacts of these changes are set out in the submitted Planning Statement. 3 WHALEBACK Assessment of Heritage Significance Dunford House is a Grade II Listed heritage asset. Its Guillard’s Oak. Conditions did not improve and by Listing Description states: 1814, after several more moves, the family eventually settled as tenant farmers in West Meon, near Alton in (YMCA) Dunford House 18.6.59 (formerly listed as Hampshire. It is evident, however, that Richard Cobden Dunford College) - always regarded Dunford as home. 1852-3 Villa style. House. Richard Cobden was born in the farmhouse that stood on this site on the 3rd June 1804. His education and career in business and politics This was sold by his grandfather in 1809 but in 1847 he took him away from his roots at Dunford. On 16 May repurchased the property and in1852 or1853 rebuilt the 1846 his long campaign to bring about the repeal of house, which he continued to occupy until his death on the the Corn Laws achieved its goal. It is stated that he 2nd April 1866. His daughter, Jane Cobden Unwin, and her sacrificed his business, his domestic comforts and for a husband, T. Fisher Cobden, gave the house to the Cobden time his health to the movement. His friends therefore Memorial Association to form an institute in memory of the felt that the nation owed him some substantial token of life and work of Richard Cobden for peace, free trade and gratitude and admiration for those sacrifices and public goodwill, as a tablet in the porch records. It contains pictures subscription raised the sum of £80,000. and books that belonged to Cobden, John Bright and others and is listed for historical reasons. Stuccoed. 2 storey. 7 This sum enabled him, in 1847, to repurchase the old windows facing south. Modillion eaves cornice. Hipped slate family home at Dunford. In 1848 he also moved his roof. 2 bays on ground floor. Doorway between with side family from Manchester to Paddington, taking a house lights, these and the doorway itself flanked by pilasters at 103 Westbourne Terrace. with cornice over. Tower at the east end behind the porch. Romanticised depiction of Dunford Farmhouse, the birthplace of Richard Cobden (from print at Dunford House) Modern additions behind. Richard Cobden was a Commissioner of The Great Exhibition of 1851 and considered a leading figure in The description states that the house is Listed for its success: “If there is a single person who represented its historical association with the Radical and Liberal internationalism at the time of the Great Exhibition it statesman Richard Cobden. Nonetheless, it is not was Richard Cobden... [it] provided a great opportunity without architectural value in its own right, being of to promote his internationalist beliefs, he largely shared some age and quality. with Prince Albert... [stating] at a public meeting in Birmingham ‘We shall by that means [the Exhibition] Richard Cobden was born on 3 June 1804 at the break down the barriers that have separated the farmhouse which previously existed on the site. His people of different nations, and witness the universal family had lived in the area for many generations, republic...’” (The Great Exhibition of 1851: A Nation on occupied partly in trade and partly in agriculture. Display, edited by Jeffrey A. Auerbach, 1999). His grandfather Richard Cobden owned Bex Mill in Heyshott and was a successful maltster who served as It seems that it was through his involvement with The bailiff and chief magistrate at Midhurst and took part in Great Exhibition that Cobden was introduced to the county matters. His father William, however, favoured designers of the replacement Dunford House. In 1853 farming over malting and took over the running of its architects, Wehnert & Ashdown of Charing Cross, Dunford Farm when Richard died in 1809. had developed proposals for a grand cosmopolitan hotel to face the main entrance of the Palace. However William Cobden did not succeed in the farming this was never built and the site excavated for the enterprise and sold the property when the farm failed Dunford Farmhouse, from Illustrated London News, 1847 Higher Level Station. Significantly, Joseph Paxton is cited and moved the family to a smaller farm at nearby as being the designer of the solarium at Dunford. 4 WHALEBACK Assessment of Heritage Significance 1841 Sale map of Dunford Farm 1865 Map of Dunford Estate (following death of Richard Cobden) 5 WHALEBACK Assessment of Heritage Significance The Cobden Papers at West Sussex Records Wehnert & Ashdown are not well known architects Office contain Statements of account and some and there is minimal information relating to their correspondence for building and other work done at output in the RIBA archives. A summary of their known Dunford (1847-1856). The description states that this works is included as an appendix to the Heritage binding includes: Statement. Their most notable work was the laying- out of the town of Llandudno and design of many of Mainly by Gawen Gosden (per W. C. Rhoades) and James its buildings. The house, however, is listed for historical Grist; wages and other monies paid by F. W. Cobden; rather than architectural reasons. measured account by Thomas Rassell, Chichester, for carpenters’ work done by W. Etherington (1852); agreement A comparison of the 1841 map of Dunford Farm (13 April 1853) between Richard Cobden and James Grist with that of 1865 illustrates that the replacement for alterations and additions to Dunford House according house occupied the same position as the earlier to drawings and specification prepared by Wehnert & farmhouse. However, the very different qualities of the Ashdown, architects, of 42 Charing Cross, London two buildings suggests that none of the original farm structures were retained. In its introduction by Anthony Howe, The Letters of Richard Cobden includes the following passage, which The oldest parts of the extant fabric of Dunford further contextualises the building of Dunford House: House and its coach house are therefore considered date from c.1853. Richard Cobden occupied the By December 1853 Cobden was also in the throes of a vital replacement house for the next 12 years until his death change in the organisation of his family life with the decision Overlay of 1841 and 1865 maps showing overlapping positions of the farmstead and later Dunford House in 1865. to abandon a permanent London residence in favour of living in Sussex, with lodgings in London. This was a move Original architectural drawings of the house and coach precipitated partly by Cobden’s love of his native countryside house have not been found although may exist in his but perhaps more so by his wife Catherine’s obvious dislike library. for London society and preference for rural domesticity. … [She] looked forward to creating at Dunford the centre for An understanding of the historic development of the her growing brood, rather than fulfilling in London the social site is has therefore been obtained from historic maps, obligations of a political hostess. Cobden had employed the etchings, photographs, planning history and the extant architect Wehnert to redesign Dunford, ‘a little old-fashioned fabric itself. farmhouse without a good room in it’, while Frederick Cobden, beginning to suffer from the neuralgia which lead The first evidence are two photographs dating from to his death in 1858, had moved to Sussex to supervise the 1860s, before Cobden’s death. One depicts the the building works and especially the garden on whose domestic staff at the front entrance and the second planting Cobden himself lavished much attention. A fraternal is of the family, arranged on the lawn in front of the correspondence which had enveloped the rise and success eastern, garden elevation. Richard Cobden himself is of the Anti Corn Law League was now engrossed in the identifiable by his top hat. minutiae of roses and quicksets. During the building works Cobden himself frequently retreated to Dunford for days or Lizzie Clare is recorded in the 1861 Census as being an weeks at a time, while his two elder daughters were sent to unmarried, 17 year old Nurse Maid, so was 19 at the school in neighbouring Bognor preparatory to the family’s time of the photograph. moving into Dunford for Christmas 1853. Lizzie Clare & staff, 1863 6 WHALEBACK Assessment of Heritage Significance Cobden family at Dunford House 1860s 7 WHALEBACK Assessment of Heritage Significance Funeral of Richard Cobden, The Illustrated London News, 1865 8 WHALEBACK Assessment of Heritage Significance Dunford House, Illustration from an article in The Illustrated London News printed immediately after Cobden’s death in 1865.
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