93 Winter 2016–17 Journal of Liberal History Issue 93: Winter 2016–17 the Journal of Liberal History Is Published Quarterly by the Liberal Democrat History Group
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For the study of Liberal, SDP and Issue 93 / Winter 2016–17 / £7.50 Liberal Democrat history Journal of LiberalHI ST O R Y Richard Livsey, 1935–2010 J. Graham Jones Richard Livsey and the politics of Brecon and Radnor Tony Little ‘Women who wish for political enfranchisement should say so’ John B. Davenport The Distributists and the Liberal Party Douglas Oliver The legacy of Roy Jenkins Meeting report Ian Cawood Press, politics and culture in Victorian Britain Comparative review Liberal Democrat History Group 2 Journal of Liberal History 93 Winter 2016–17 Journal of Liberal History Issue 93: Winter 2016–17 The Journal of Liberal History is published quarterly by the Liberal Democrat History Group. ISSN 1479-9642 Liberal history news 4 Editor: Duncan Brack Trevor Jones – an appreciation; meetings shedule; on this day in Liberal history Deputy Editors: Mia Hadfield-Spoor, Tom Kiehl Assistant Editor: Siobhan Vitelli Archive Sources Editor: Dr J. Graham Jones Richard Livsey and the politics of Brecon and 6 Biographies Editor: Robert Ingham Radnor Reviews Editors: Dr Eugenio Biagini, Dr Ian Cawood Contributing Editors: Graham Lippiatt, Tony Little, J. Graham Jones reviews the life and political career of Richard Livsey, Lord York Membery Livsey of Talgarth (1935–2010) Patrons Letters to the Editor 16 Dr Eugenio Biagini; Professor Michael Freeden; Reforming the Lords (David Steel); The Liberal Democrats and Professor John Vincent Spitzenkandidaten (Antony Hook); Liberal clubs (Michael Steed) Editorial Board ‘Women who wish for political enfranchisement 18 Dr Malcolm Baines; Dr Ian Cawood; Dr Matt Cole; should say so’ Dr Roy Douglas; Dr David Dutton; Professor Richard Grayson; Dr Michael Hart; Peter Hellyer; Dr Alison Tony Little commemorates the 1866 petition for women’s suffrage, written by Holmes; Dr J. Graham Jones; Dr Tudor Jones; Caron the Liberals Helen Taylor and Barbara Bodichon Lindsay; Tony Little; Michael Meadowcroft; Dr Tim Oliver; Dr Mark Pack; Dr Ian Packer; Dr John Powell; Jaime Reynolds; Dr Iain Sharpe; Dr Michael Steed The Distributists and the Liberal Party 26 John B. Davenport analyses the Distributists and their impact Editorial/Correspondence Contributions to the Journal – letters, articles, and Report 36 book reviews – are invited. The Journal is a refereed The legacy of Roy Jenkins, with John Campbell and David Steel; report by publication; all articles submitted will be peer- Douglas Oliver reviewed. Contributions should be sent to: Duncan Brack (Editor) Comparative review: press, politics and culture 40 54 Midmoor Road, London SW12 0EN email: [email protected] in Victorian Britain Robinson, Muckraker; Brighton, Original Spin; Cordery and Meisel (eds.), The All articles copyright © Journal of Liberal History. All rights reserved. Humours of Parliament; reviewed by Ian Cawood Advertisements Reviews 44 Prices on application; discounts available for repeat Featherstone, Equal Ever After, reviewed by Liz Barker; Thomas and Urbach, ads or offers to readers (e.g. discounted book prices). Commemorating Reform and Reformers, reviewed by William C. Lubenow; To place ads, please contact the Editor. Baker, Against the Grain, reviewed by Mark Pack Subscriptions/Membership An annual subscription to the Journal of Liberal History costs £25.00 (£15.00 unwaged rate). This includes membership of the History Group unless you inform us otherwise. Non-UK subscribers should add £10.00. Online subscriptions are also available: to individuals at £45.00, and to institutions at £60.00. As well as printed copies, online subscribers can access online copies of current and past Journals. Subscribe via our website, www.liberalhistory.org.uk. 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Printed by Kall-Kwik, Unit 1, 37 Colville Road, London W3 8BL Subscribers’ code for discounted sales from the History Group online shop: mbr07 January 2017 Chair: Tony Little Honorary President: Lord Wallace of Saltaire Journal of Liberal History 93 Winter 2016–17 3 Liberal History News Winter 2016–17 Trevor Jones (1927–2016) – An Appreciation The death of Trevor Jones on 8 Septem- early in 1962, at which Labour had ber 2016 signals the demise of one of the turned down an appeal to withdraw its most remarkable electoral campaign- candidate but mysteriously failed to sub- ers in modern political history. It was mit a valid nomination paper. Signifi- his skill and drive that delivered Liberal cantly there was no additional success control of Liverpool City Council and in Church ward until 1967 – the year of which produced a number of the by- Trevor Jones’ first contest in the City. election successes that rescued the party Trevor Jones was born in Denbigh- from its 1970 depths. At that election it shire, North Wales, but his family had fewer votes and seats than today but, moved to Bootle soon after. He went to after five by-election victories and the the local grammar school but left at the early burgeoning of community politics, age of fourteen. Then, concealing his it reached almost 20 per cent of the vote age, he joined the Merchant Navy and by the February 1974 election. served on the Atlantic convoys, about The bare statistics of the Liverpool suc- which Nicholas Montserrat wrote so cesses were remarkable, following, as they vividly in The Cruel Sea. At the end of did, Trevor’s first victory in 1970, when the war he was in Singapore where the he joined Cyril Carr as the second Liberal sight of emaciated Allied prisoners being councillor, and led to control of the City released from the Changi prison camp Council a bare three years later. The con- had a great effect on him. Back in Liver- text of this transformation is significant pool he married Doreen Brown in 1950; control of the new Metropolitan City and remarkable in that they were achieved she was also to become a Liberal council- Council in 1973 and Trevor retired to in a city that had a very sparse Liberal tra- lor and Lord Mayor. After working on the back benches. Each of them had their dition. Even in the halcyon year of 1906, the docks for some years he borrowed adherents and, despite attempts to cover only two of the city’s nine constituen- £200 to buy the business which eventu- up the split, it was inevitably difficult to cies had returned Liberal MPs and Liber- ally became a successful ship’s chandlery. run the City Council. Cyril refused to als had not controlled the City Council It was the threat of demolition of one resign the leadership but eventually his since 1895. Two Liberal MPs were elected of his warehouses to make way for a new declining health made it necessary and for the one year 1923–24 but otherwise it road that was the eventual catalyst for Trevor duly took over. was unremitting gloom for many years. his involvement in politics. He took his He did not inaugurate the name Focus There were single local ward victories campaign, with typical Jones’ leaflets, for the now ubiquitous leaflets but he in 1946 and 1947, without Conservative all the way to the House of Lords. He popularised its use and latched on to its opposition, and the last lingering Lib- then realised that only political involve- frequent appearance on the streets as a eral alderman came off the council in ment could have long-term effects. His way of localising Liberal campaigns. 1955. Liverpool politics were additionally instinctive affinity for the underdog, Trevor saw it as a tool to use everywhere stacked against Liberals by the dimension plus his Welsh roots, led him to join the and was frustrated that the national of religious alliances. The strong Catholic Liberals, and neither its single-figure party was, he felt, too respectable to pro- population identified itself with Labour national poll rating nor the fact of hav- mote it. He therefore decided to stand for and, until local government reorganisa- ing only one City Councillor out of 160 election as the party’s president and used tion in 1973, there was a Protestant party council members inhibited him. Two his Focus techniques around the country which regularly held two wards, without second places followed in 1968 and 1969 successfully in 1973 to defeat Penelope Conservative opposition. until he joined Cyril Carr the follow- Jessel, the leadership’s candidate. There was not even more than a smat- ing year, gaining Church ward. Cyril Trevor then engineered his most tering of Liberal clubs, with only the and Trevor were completely different remarkable election coup. He had got Kildonan and Garmoyle institutes – the but, with more tolerance on both sides, involved in the pending by-election in latter still in party hands. Even so, the could have been complementary. Cyril Sutton & Cheam before being elected as mighty handful of Liberal stalwarts, was a thoughtful lawyer with a long Lib- party president. On the face of it this was such as Beryl Hands, Warwick Haggart, eral heritage and always acted with care, nowhere near a possible Liberal victory. Albert Globe, Fred Bilson and Russell whereas Trevor leapt in with the telling The party had polled only 6 per cent at Dyson, maintained a Liberal presence phrase and sharp repartee.