DOCSLIB.ORG

The Interrelationship of Race, Internationalism, and Anti-Imperialism Amongst Marxists in Britain, 1899-1933

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Interrelationship of Race, Internationalism, and Anti-Imperialism Amongst Marxists in Britain, 1899-1933 Unpacking 'Chauvinism': The Interrelationship of Race, Internationalism, and Anti-Imperialism amongst Marxists in Britain, 1899-1933 A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2017 Daniel Edmonds School of Arts, Languages and Cultures 2 Contents Abbreviations: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………p.3 Introduction: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………p.9 Chapter 1: Racial Discourses and Anti-Imperialism in the Social Democratic Federation from the Second South African War to World War One ………………………………………….p.31 Chapter 2: ‘The Whisper About the Jews’: Shifting Patterns of Anti-Semitism in the British Socialist Party and their Role in the 1916 Split……………………………………………..p.76 Chapter 3: ‘I tried to do too much and only wrote my name on water’: Arthur Field and the Failure of Religious Anti-Imperialism in the CPGB, 1921-1927 ………………………..p.126 Chapter 4: The Subaltern Cosmopolitanism of Shapurji Saklatvala and its Impact on Anti-Imperial Advocacy in the CPGB 1921-1933 ……………………………………………………p.168 Conclusion: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….p.213 Bibliography: …………………………………………………………………………………………………….…p.220 Word Count: 79,998 3 Abbreviations A. Archival Material Locations BLIPI- British Library, Indian Political Intelligence Files DCA- Digitised Comintern Archives HHC- Hull History Centre IISH- International Institute of Social History LHA- Labour History Archive LOCMD- Library of Congress, Manuscripts Division LSEILP- London School of Economics, Independent Labour Party Collections NA- National Archives NLI- National Library of Ireland, Art O’Briain Papers WYHC- West Yorkshire History Centre, Wakefield Archive Service B. Political Organisations AITUC- All-India Trade Union Congress AOS- Anglo-Ottoman Society BSP- British Socialist Party BWL- British Workers’ League CPGB- Communist Party of Great Britain CUP- Committee of Union and Progress ECCI- Executive Committee of the Comintern ICB- International Colonial Bureau ILP- Independent Labour Party INC- Indian National Congress ISDL- Irish Self-Determination League LAI- League Against Imperialism LMI- Liverpool Muslim Institute LRC- Labour Representation Committee NSDC- National Socialist Defence Committee 4 NSFU- National Sailors’ and Firemen’s Union NSP- National Socialist Party PCF- French Communist Party SACC- South African Conciliation Committee SDF- Social Democratic Federation SNDC- Socialist National Defence Committee SPA- Socialist Party of America SPD- Social-Democratic Party of Germany STW- Stop-the-War TUC- Trades Union Congress UDC- Union of Democratic Control WMM- Woking Muslim Mission WWLI- Workers’ Welfare League of India 5 Abstract This thesis examines the relationship between practices of internationalism, patterns of racialisation, and the politics of anti-racism and anti-imperialism in the revolutionary Marxist left in Britain between 1899 and 1933. I focus on two organisations, the Social Democratic Federation and the Communist Party of Great Britain, examining how different racialised subaltern populations were represented in their publications and how this affected the anti-imperial advocacy and activism of these political groups. I am interested in how the writings of colonial nationalists, as well as the intervention of transnational activists, helped to shape this political praxis. The thesis begins with a study of how positive racialisations, developed by colonial activists as a discursive means to argue for the inapplicability of the ‘civilising mission’ to their respective societies, were drawn on by SDF activists and figureheads such as HM Hyndman to bolster their increasingly oppositional stance towards the British Empire. Further chapters demonstrate how groups of border-crossing racialised outsiders, be they Russian-born Jews in the SDF or Indian activists in the CPGB, utilised a strategic universalism to overcome their marginalisation within the ranks of the revolutionary Marxist left, and to gain support for their respective communal concerns. During the course of the time period covered within the thesis, the October Revolution, the rise of the Bolsheviks, and the foundation of the Comintern helped to reshape analyses of imperialism as well as practices and theories of internationalism on the British far-left. Particular attention is given to how activists either attempted to utilise or bypass this ‘official internationalism’ to promote their own international anti- imperial networks and discourse, and the efficacy of their efforts. It is my hope that this study will be able to shed light on international influences on the British Marxist left beyond the Continental, provide a greater nuance to histories of Marxism and race in Britain, and demonstrate the variety of models and practices of internationalism available to these activists in the early years of the twentieth century. 6 Declaration No portion of the work referred to in the thesis has been submitted in support of an application for another degree or qualification of this or any other university or other institute of learning. 7 Copyright Statement i. The author of this thesis (including any appendices and/or schedules to this thesis) owns certain copyright or related rights in it (the “Copyright”) and s/he has given The University of Manchester certain rights to use such Copyright, including for administrative purposes. ii. Copies of this thesis, either in full or in extracts and whether in hard or electronic copy, may be made only in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (as amended) and regulations issued under it or, where appropriate, in accordance with licensing agreements which the University has from time to time. This page must form part of any such copies made. iii. The ownership of certain Copyright, patents, designs, trademarks and other intellectual property (the “Intellectual Property”) and any reproductions of copyright works in the thesis, for example graphs and tables (“Reproductions”), which may be described in this thesis, may not be owned by the author and may be owned by third parties. Such Intellectual Property and Reproductions cannot and must not be made available for use without the prior written permission of the owner(s) of the relevant Intellectual Property and/or Reproductions. iv. Further information on the conditions under which disclosure, publication and commercialisation of this thesis, the Copyright and any Intellectual Property and/or Reproductions described in it may take place is available in the University IP Policy (see http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/DocuInfo.aspx?DocID=2442 0), in any relevant Thesis restriction declarations deposited in the University Library, The University Library’s regulations (see http://www.library.manchester.ac.uk/about/regulations/ ) and in The University’s policy on Presentation of Theses 8 Acknowledgements I would first like to thank my two supervisors, Professor Stuart Jones and Professor Kevin Morgan, for their advice, support, and guidance throughout this process. I cannot understate the value of your comments, recommendations, and understanding over these years, and the impact they have had both on this final piece and the process of crafting it. Your pastoral and academic advice has been intellectually- stimulating, empathetic, and consistently enlightening. I would further like to thank Dr Chris Manias, whose initial supervision particularly helped to shape the first chapter, and Professor Frank Mort, whose feedback throughout the panel review process has been consistently valuable and erudite. This thesis would not have been possible without the financial and institutional support of both the Arts and Humanities Research Council and the University of Manchester, for which I am immensely grateful. I would also like to express my gratitude to Dr Max Jones, who played a key role in encouraging me to begin this project. I also would like to thank the numerous archivists, specialists, and institutional assistants whose helpfulness, advice, and knowledge of their collections have been immeasurably valuable in the process of researching this thesis. Dr Laura Miller of the Marx Memorial Library, Darren Treadwell of the Labour History Archive, and Erika Spencer of the Library of Congress have all played key roles which have helped to mould this thesis during my period of research. Both within and beyond academia, my peers and friends, an ensemble of academics, activists, and autodidacts, have played a vital role as my support network. They have offered advice, allowed me to share my frustrations, and provided me much-needed breaks to rejuvenate and refresh. Nicola, Jess, Jacob, Antonia, Matt, Niamh, Josh, Cameron, Kate, and Louisa, I am forever indebted to you for how you have assisted me. My family has played an immeasurably important role in supporting me, particularly these past few years. My brothers Tom and Matt have kept me grounded with their combination of cutting barbs, kind words, and fraternal advice. Their partners, Sarah and Miriam, have been welcoming and kind, and have been wonderful people to share the holidays with. My nephews Finn and Zack, whom I have consistently attempted to indoctrinate, have been an endless source of joy, and their sense of wonderment and kind-heartedness have provided me with vital breaks from the adult world. And of course, my parents, Tony and Diana, have been amazing throughout this process. They have encouraged me to follow my interests and supported me through some
Load more

Recommended publications
  • University of Birmingham Christianity and the Character Education
    University of Birmingham Christianity and the character education movement 1897-1914 Arthur, James DOI: 10.1080/0046760X.2018.1506049 License: Other (please specify with Rights Statement) Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Arthur, J 2019, 'Christianity and the character education movement 1897-1914', History of Education, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 60-76 . https://doi.org/10.1080/0046760X.2018.1506049 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in History of Education on 26/09/2018, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/0046760X.2018.1506049 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version.
    [Show full text]
  • Writing About Winston: Two Works Compared Victoria Valusek
    The Histories Volume 8 | Issue 1 Article 7 Writing About Winston: Two Works Compared Victoria Valusek Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/the_histories Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Valusek, Victoria () "Writing About Winston: Two Works Compared," The Histories: Vol. 8 : Iss. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/the_histories/vol8/iss1/7 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Scholarship at La Salle University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The iH stories by an authorized editor of La Salle University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Histories, Volume 8, Number 1 36 V Writing about Winston: Two Works Compared By Victoria Valusek ‘10 History records the ebb and flow of the tide of human endeavor and whether there are lessons to be learned depends primarily upon two factors. The first is the honesty, accuracy, and integrity of the person recording. The second is the critical consideration/sensibility of the student. Geoffrey Best (Churchill: A Study in Greatness) and Paul Addison (Churchill: The Unexpected Hero) have chosen as their subject the life of one of the most prominent political leaders of the modem era. The “ebb and flow” described by both depict Churchill as not so much riding the tide, but, more or less, sloshing around in the surf and despite his efforts at self-destruction Winston Churchill (1874-1965) somehow manages to save himself from drowning - sometimes by sheer will-power, but most often by chance. The self-destruct mechanism both authors ascribe to Churchill is his egomania.
    [Show full text]
  • Paving the Path for Success: Lenin's Political Theory in Practice, 1902-1917 Kelly Olsen
    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2009 Paving the Path for Success: Lenin's Political Theory in Practice, 1902-1917 Kelly Olsen Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PAVING THE PATH FOR SUCCESS: LENIN’S POLITICAL THEORY IN PRACTICE, 1902-1917 By KELLY OLSEN A Thesis submitted to the Interdisciplinary Program in Russian and East European Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2009 The members of the committee approve the thesis of Kelly Olsen defended on November 3, 2009. ________________________________________ Jonathan Grant Professor Directing Defense ________________________________________ Mark Souva Committee Member ________________________________________ Edward Wynot Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii This Thesis is dedicated to Dr. Art Vanden Houten in an effort to thank him for igniting my passion for political theory and showing me that the influence of a truly great teacher expands much further than the classroom. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge Dr. Jonathan Grant for guiding me through the research and writing process and answering all my questions; big and small. I would also like to acknowledge my father, mother, and sister for encouraging me to always strive for success and for listening to me talk about Lenin for countless hours. Thank you. iv ABSTRACT This thesis presents and evaluates a selection of Lenin’s political writings from 1902-1917 in an effort to illustrate the continuity in his political theory.
    [Show full text]
  • November 1925
    Non·Members can obtaIn thIs publicatIon from the Hon. Secretary, post free 2/. per annum NOVEMBER, 1925. Cb~ montbly R~cOrd of Soutb Plac~ €tbjcal SOCj~ty, South Place, Moorgate, E.C.2 ebleet of the Soeloty• .. The Object of the Society is the cultivation of a rational religious sentiment, the study of ethical principles, and the promotion of human welfare, in harmony with advancing knowledge. " SUNDAY MORNING SERVICES. The following DISCOURSES will be delivered on Sunday morning s, Service beginning at ELEVEN O'CLOCK. October 25. - C. DELISLE BURNS. M.A. • D.Lit.-Mediaeval Art and Religion. 1. Organ Solo. Andant<l from Symphony in D... Hayd" 2. Readin g. 3. onnta fo r Violonoollo and Pin.nofor te ... H rnry Ecclcs (1670-1i42) 1. LA r go. n. Oorrente: A llegr o con spirito, HI. Adngio. I V. Vivoce. Mr. ]'mmgnrc GOT'FIATtD a nd .bfl- s. Doll., GOTIuRn. 4. Hymn No. 133. Lie open.' soul I nround thee press. 5. Notices and OoUeotion. O. Discourse. November l .-Rlght Hon. J. M. ROBERTSON. _ Tbe Pretensions of Religious Emotion. 1. Orgnn Solo. Concer to No. 12 (Three :Uovements) 2. Ronding. Coretl; 3. onnta in et major... .. '" .\ndnnte; .1 IJegro; .Idngio; .l lIcwo. Halldr/ Pin.no: lIIiss rlIEI.MA BnYAN. 'Violin: Mi,. GwrNN1'Tn rnOTTEIl. 4. H;nnn :\"'0. 50. Do not. crouch to·cln~· and worshjp. 5. Xotires ond Ooll<)ction. 6. Discourse. November S.-C. DESLISL£ BURNS. M.A .• D.Lit . What I heard in German)-. Qunl't~t . ..I. storm eped over SCl1 OJld lond (No.
    [Show full text]
  • Sylvia Pankhurst's Sedition of 1920
    “Upheld by Force” Sylvia Pankhurst’s Sedition of 1920 Edward Crouse Undergraduate Thesis Department of History Columbia University April 4, 2018 Seminar Advisor: Elizabeth Blackmar Second Reader: Susan Pedersen With dim lights and tangled circumstance they tried to shape their thought and deed in noble agreement; but after all, to common eyes their struggles seemed mere inconsistency and formlessness; for these later-born Theresas were helped by no coherent social faith and order which could perform the function of knowledge for the ardently willing soul. Their ardor alternated between a vague ideal and the common yearning of womanhood; so that the one was disapproved as extravagance, and the other condemned as a lapse. – George Eliot, Middlemarch, 1872 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... 2 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ 3 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 4 The End of Edwardian England: Pankhurst’s Political Development ................................. 12 After the War: Pankhurst’s Collisions with Communism and the State .............................. 21 Appealing Sedition: Performativity of Communism and Suffrage ....................................... 33 Prison and Release: Attempted Constructions of Martyrology
    [Show full text]
  • Revolutionary Syndicalist Opposition to the First World War: A
    Re-evaluating syndicalist opposition to the First World War Darlington, RR http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0023656X.2012.731834 Title Re-evaluating syndicalist opposition to the First World War Authors Darlington, RR Type Article URL This version is available at: http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/19226/ Published Date 2012 USIR is a digital collection of the research output of the University of Salford. Where copyright permits, full text material held in the repository is made freely available online and can be read, downloaded and copied for non-commercial private study or research purposes. Please check the manuscript for any further copyright restrictions. For more information, including our policy and submission procedure, please contact the Repository Team at: [email protected]. Re-evaluating Syndicalist Opposition to the First World War Abstract It has been argued that support for the First World War by the important French syndicalist organisation, the Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT) has tended to obscure the fact that other national syndicalist organisations remained faithful to their professed workers’ internationalism: on this basis syndicalists beyond France, more than any other ideological persuasion within the organised trade union movement in immediate pre-war and wartime Europe, can be seen to have constituted an authentic movement of opposition to the war in their refusal to subordinate class interests to those of the state, to endorse policies of ‘defencism’ of the ‘national interest’ and to abandon the rhetoric of class conflict. This article, which attempts to contribute to a much neglected comparative historiography of the international syndicalist movement, re-evaluates the syndicalist response across a broad geographical field of canvas (embracing France, Italy, Spain, Ireland, Britain and America) to reveal a rather more nuanced, ambiguous and uneven picture.
    [Show full text]
  • People, Place and Party:: the Social Democratic Federation 1884-1911
    Durham E-Theses People, place and party:: the social democratic federation 1884-1911 Young, David Murray How to cite: Young, David Murray (2003) People, place and party:: the social democratic federation 1884-1911, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3081/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk People, Place and Party: the Social Democratic Federation 1884-1911 David Murray Young A copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Durham Department of Politics August 2003 CONTENTS page Abstract ii Acknowledgements v Abbreviations vi Introduction 1 Chapter 1- SDF Membership in London 16 Chapter 2 -London
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Branding a Nation Online: Discourses on Polish Nationalism and Patriotism
    Re-Branding a Nation Online Re-Branding a Nation Online Discourses on Polish Nationalism and Patriotism Magdalena Kania-Lundholm Dissertation presented at Uppsala University to be publicly examined in Sal IX, Universitets- huset, Uppsala, Friday, October 26, 2012 at 10:15 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The examination will be conducted in English. Abstract Kania-Lundholm, M. 2012. Re-Branding A Nation Online: Discourses on Polish Nationalism and Patriotism. Sociologiska institutionen. 258 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 978-91-506-2302-4. The aim of this dissertation is two-fold. First, the discussion seeks to understand the concepts of nationalism and patriotism and how they relate to one another. In respect to the more criti- cal literature concerning nationalism, it asks whether these two concepts are as different as is sometimes assumed. Furthermore, by problematizing nation-branding as an “updated” form of nationalism, it seeks to understand whether we are facing the possible emergence of a new type of nationalism. Second, the study endeavors to discursively analyze the ”bottom-up” processes of national reproduction and re-definition in an online, post-socialist context through an empirical examination of the online debate and polemic about the new Polish patriotism. The dissertation argues that approaching nationalism as a broad phenomenon and ideology which operates discursively is helpful for understanding patriotism as an element of the na- tionalist rhetoric that can be employed to study national unity, sameness, and difference. Emphasizing patriotism within the Central European context as neither an alternative to nor as a type of nationalism may make it possible to explain the popularity and continuous endur- ance of nationalism and of practices of national identification in different and changing con- texts.
    [Show full text]
  • Varieties of American Popular Nationalism.” American Sociological Review 81(5):949-980
    Bonikowski, Bart, and Paul DiMaggio. 2016. “Varieties of American Popular Nationalism.” American Sociological Review 81(5):949-980. Publisher’s version: http://asr.sagepub.com/content/81/5/949 Varieties of American Popular Nationalism Bart Bonikowski Harvard University Paul DiMaggio New York University Abstract Despite the relevance of nationalism for politics and intergroup relations, sociologists have devoted surprisingly little attention to the phenomenon in the United States, and historians and political psychologists who do study the United States have limited their focus to specific forms of nationalist sentiment: ethnocultural or civic nationalism, patriotism, or national pride. This article innovates, first, by examining an unusually broad set of measures (from the 2004 GSS) tapping national identification, ethnocultural and civic criteria for national membership, domain- specific national pride, and invidious comparisons to other nations, thus providing a fuller depiction of Americans’ national self-understanding. Second, we use latent class analysis to explore heterogeneity, partitioning the sample into classes characterized by distinctive patterns of attitudes. Conventional distinctions between ethnocultural and civic nationalism describe just about half of the U.S. population and do not account for the unexpectedly low levels of national pride found among respondents who hold restrictive definitions of American nationhood. A subset of primarily younger and well-educated Americans lacks any strong form of patriotic sentiment; a larger class, primarily older and less well educated, embraces every form of nationalist sentiment. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and partisan identification, these classes vary significantly in attitudes toward ethnic minorities, immigration, and national sovereignty. Finally, using comparable data from 1996 and 2012, we find structural continuity and distributional change in national sentiments over a period marked by terrorist attacks, war, economic crisis, and political contention.
    [Show full text]
  • 'A Reign of Terror'
    ‘A Reign of Terror’ CUP Rule in Diyarbekir Province, 1913-1923 Uğur Ü. Üngör University of Amsterdam, Department of History Master’s thesis ‘Holocaust and Genocide Studies’ June 2005 ‘A Reign of Terror’ CUP Rule in Diyarbekir Province, 1913-1923 Uğur Ü. Üngör University of Amsterdam Department of History Master’s thesis ‘Holocaust and Genocide Studies’ Supervisors: Prof. Johannes Houwink ten Cate, Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies Dr. Karel Berkhoff, Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies June 2005 2 Contents Preface 4 Introduction 6 1 ‘Turkey for the Turks’, 1913-1914 10 1.1 Crises in the Ottoman Empire 10 1.2 ‘Nationalization’ of the population 17 1.3 Diyarbekir province before World War I 21 1.4 Social relations between the groups 26 2 Persecution of Christian communities, 1915 33 2.1 Mobilization and war 33 2.2 The ‘reign of terror’ begins 39 2.3 ‘Burn, destroy, kill’ 48 2.4 Center and periphery 63 2.5 Widening and narrowing scopes of persecution 73 3 Deportations of Kurds and settlement of Muslims, 1916-1917 78 3.1 Deportations of Kurds, 1916 81 3.2 Settlement of Muslims, 1917 92 3.3 The aftermath of the war, 1918 95 3.4 The Kemalists take control, 1919-1923 101 4 Conclusion 110 Bibliography 116 Appendix 1: DH.ŞFR 64/39 130 Appendix 2: DH.ŞFR 87/40 132 Appendix 3: DH.ŞFR 86/45 134 Appendix 4: Family tree of Y.A. 136 Maps 138 3 Preface A little less than two decades ago, in my childhood, I became fascinated with violence, whether it was children bullying each other in school, fathers beating up their daughters for sneaking out on a date, or the omnipresent racism that I did not understand at the time.
    [Show full text]
  • Rowland Kenney and British Propaganda in Norway: 1916-1942
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by St Andrews Research Repository ROWLAND KENNEY AND BRITISH PROPAGANDA IN NORWAY: 1916-1942 Paul Magnus Hjertvik Buvarp A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2016 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8647 This item is protected by original copyright Rowland Kenney and British Propaganda in Norway: 1916-1942 Paul Magnus Hjertvik Buvarp This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 18 September 2015 1. Candidate’s declarations: I, ……, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately ….. words in length, has been written by me, and that it is the record of work carried out by me, or principally by myself in collaboration with others as acknowledged, and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a research student in [month, year] and as a candidate for the degree of …..…. in [month, year]; the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between [year] and [year]. (If you received assistance in writing from anyone other than your supervisor/s): I, …..., received assistance in the writing of this thesis in respect of [language, grammar, spelling or syntax], which was provided by …… Date …… signature of candidate ……… 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Cotton and the Community: Exploring Changing Concepts of Identity and Community on Lancashire’S Cotton Frontier C.1890-1950
    Cotton and the Community: Exploring Changing Concepts of Identity and Community on Lancashire’s Cotton Frontier c.1890-1950 By Jack Southern A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of a PhD, at the University of Central Lancashire April 2016 1 i University of Central Lancashire STUDENT DECLARATION FORM I declare that whilst being registered as a candidate of the research degree, I have not been a registered candidate or enrolled student for another aware of the University or other academic or professional institution. I declare that no material contained in this thesis has been used for any other submission for an academic award and is solely my own work. Signature of Candidate ________________________________________________ Type of Award: Doctor of Philosophy School: Education and Social Sciences ii ABSTRACT This thesis explores the evolution of identity and community within north east Lancashire during a period when the area gained regional and national prominence through its involvement in the cotton industry. It examines how the overarching shared culture of the area could evolve under altering economic conditions, and how expressions of identity fluctuated through the cotton industry’s peak and decline. In effect, it explores how local populations could shape and be shaped by the cotton industry. By focusing on a compact area with diverse settlements, this thesis contributes to the wider understanding of what it was to live in an area dominated by a single industry. The complex legacy that the cotton industry’s decline has had is explored through a range of settlement types, from large town to small village.
    [Show full text]