MGM's Variable Wide Screen Projection Lens
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Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses Pulling focus: New perspectives on the work of Gabriel Figueroa Higgins, Ceridwen Rhiannon How to cite: Higgins, Ceridwen Rhiannon (2007) Pulling focus: New perspectives on the work of Gabriel Figueroa, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2579/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk Pulling Focus: New Perspectives on the Work of Gabriel Figueroa by Ceridwen Rhiannon Higgins University of Durham 2007 Submitted for Examination for Degree of PhD 1 1 JUN 2007 Abstract This thesis examines the work of Mexican cinematographer Gabriel Figueroa (1907 -1997) and suggests new critical perspectives on his films and the contexts within which they were made. Despite intense debate over a number of years, auteurist notions in film studies persist and critical attention continues to centre on the director as the sole giver of meaning to a film. -
CINERAMA: the First Really Big Show
CCINEN RRAMAM : The First Really Big Show DIVING HEAD FIRST INTO THE 1950s:: AN OVERVIEW by Nick Zegarac Above left: eager audience line ups like this one for the “Seven Wonders of the World” debut at the Cinerama Theater in New York were short lived by the end of the 1950s. All in all, only seven feature films were actually produced in 3-strip Cinerama, though scores more were advertised as being shot in the process. Above right: corrected three frame reproduction of the Cypress Water Skiers in ‘This is Cinerama’. Left: Fred Waller, Cinerama’s chief architect. Below: Lowell Thomas; “ladies and gentlemen, this is Cinerama!” Arguably, Cinerama was the most engaging widescreen presentation format put forth during the 1950s. From a visual standpoint it was the most enveloping. The cumbersome three camera set up and three projector system had been conceptualized, designed and patented by Fred Waller and his associates at Paramount as early as the 1930s. However, Hollywood was not quite ready, and certainly not eager, to “revolutionize” motion picture projection during the financially strapped depression and war years…and who could blame them? The standardized 1:33:1(almost square) aspect ratio had sufficed since the invention of 35mm celluloid film stock. Even more to the point, the studios saw little reason to invest heavily in yet another technology. The induction of sound recording in 1929 and mounting costs for producing films in the newly patented 3-strip Technicolor process had both proved expensive and crippling adjuncts to the fluidity that silent B&W nitrate filming had perfected. -
The Search for Spectators: Vistavision and Technicolor in the Searchers Ruurd Dykstra the University of Western Ontario, [email protected]
Kino: The Western Undergraduate Journal of Film Studies Volume 1 | Issue 1 Article 1 2010 The Search for Spectators: VistaVision and Technicolor in The Searchers Ruurd Dykstra The University of Western Ontario, [email protected] Abstract With the growing popularity of television in the 1950s, theaters experienced a significant drop in audience attendance. Film studios explored new ways to attract audiences back to the theater by making film a more totalizing experience through new technologies such as wide screen and Technicolor. My paper gives a brief analysis of how these new technologies were received by film critics for the theatrical release of The Searchers ( John Ford, 1956) and how Warner Brothers incorporated these new technologies into promotional material of the film. Keywords Technicolor, The Searchers Recommended Citation Dykstra, Ruurd (2010) "The Search for Spectators: VistaVision and Technicolor in The Searchers," Kino: The Western Undergraduate Journal of Film Studies: Vol. 1 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. Dykstra: The Search for Spectators The Search for Spectators: VistaVision and Technicolor in The Searchers by Ruurd Dykstra In order to compete with the rising popularity of television, major Hollywood studios lured spectators into the theatres with technical innovations that television did not have - wider screens and brighter colors. Studios spent a small fortune developing new photographic techniques in order to compete with one another; this boom in photographic research resulted in a variety of different film formats being marketed by each studio, each claiming to be superior to the other. Filmmakers and critics alike valued these new formats because they allowed for a bright, clean, crisp image to be projected on a much larger screen - it enhanced the theatre going experience and brought about a re- appreciation for film’s visual aesthetics. -
10. the Extraordinarily Stable Technicolor Dye-Imbibition Motion
345 The Permanence and Care of Color Photographs Chapter 10 10. The Extraordinarily Stable Technicolor Dye-Imbibition Motion Picture Color Print Process (1932–1978) Except for archival showings, Gone With the He notes that the negative used to make Wind hasn’t looked good theatrically since the existing prints in circulation had worn out [faded]. last Technicolor prints were struck in 1954; the “That negative dates back to the early ’50s 1961 reissue was in crummy Eastman Color when United Artists acquired the film’s distri- (the prints faded), and 1967’s washed-out bution rights from Warner Bros. in the pur- “widescreen” version was an abomination.1 chase of the old WB library. Four years ago we at MGM/UA went back to the three-strip Tech- Mike Clark nicolor materials to make a new internegative “Movies Pretty as a Picture” and now have excellent printing materials. All USA Today – October 15, 1987 it takes is a phone call to our lab to make new prints,” he says.3 In 1939, it was the most technically sophisti- cated color film ever made, but by 1987 Gone Lawrence Cohn With the Wind looked more like Confederates “Turner Eyes ’38 Robin Hood Redux” from Mars. Scarlett and Rhett had grown green Variety – July 25, 1990 and blue, a result of unstable film stocks and generations of badly duplicated prints. Hair The 45-Year Era of “Permanent” styles and costumes, once marvels of spectral Technicolor Motion Pictures subtlety, looked as though captured in Crayola, not Technicolor. With the introduction in 1932 of the Technicolor Motion Not anymore. -
The Tragedy of 3D Cinema
Film History, Volume 16, pp. 208–215, 2004. Copyright © John Libbey Publishing ISSN: 0892-2160. Printed in United States of America The tragedy of 3-D cinema The tragedy of 3-D cinema Rick Mitchell lmost overlooked in the bicoastal celebrations The reason most commonly given was that of the 50th anniversary of the introduction of audiences hated to wear the glasses, a necessity for ACinemaScope and the West Coast revivals of 3-D viewing by most large groups. A little research Cinerama was the third technological up- reveals that this was not totally true. According to heaval that occurred fifty years ago, the first serious articles that appeared in exhibitor magazines in attempt to add real depth to the pallet of narrative 1953, most of the objections to the glasses stemmed techniques available to filmmakers. from the initial use of cheap cardboard ones that Such attempts go back to 1915. Most used the were hard to keep on and hurt the bridge of the nose. anaglyph system, in which one eye view was dyed or Audiences were more receptive to plastic rim projected through red or orange filters and the other glasses that were like traditional eyeglasses. (The through green or blue, with the results viewed cardboard glasses are still used for anaglyph pres- through glasses with corresponding colour filters. entations.) The views were not totally discrete but depending on Another problem cited at the time and usually the quality of the filters and the original photography, blamed on the glasses was actually poor projection. this system could be quite effective. -
Pictures Afraid You Have Your Dalys Mixed Up
What's New SUSAN HAYWARD from Coast to Coast exciting (Continued from page 10) really sisters. Their ages are: Christine, 25, Dorothy, 23, and Phyllis, 22.... Miss A. Y., Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Johnny Des- mond is on a two -month leave of absence new from the Breakfast Club program, so he can make personal appearances. He is due back on the show October 23.... Miss J. F., San Antonio, Texas: Yes, John Daly is married, and has been for many years. I'm pictures afraid you have your Dalys mixed up. In- JEFF HUNTER cidentally, John recently signed a long- term contract with the American Broad- casting Company as a vice -president in of charge of news. He will continue to be Off-Guard Candids Your the emcee on What's My Line? however. To all of the readers who wrote about Frank Dane, who played Knap Drewer on Favorite Movie Stars the Hawkins Falls show: Frank is no longer on the program because the part of Drewer is no longer in the script. Knap chartered All the selective skill of our ace a private plane to fly from London to the * Isle of Man, in the story, and was killed cameramen went into the making when the plane crashed into the Irish of these startling, 4 x 5, quality DORIS DAY Sea. glossy prints. What ever Happened To . ? John Beal, the movie actor, who used to appear on the Freedom Rings TV show? Since leaving this show, John hasn't been * New poses and names are con- on any regular program, but has been stantly added. -
ASC History Timeline 1919-2019
American Society of Cinematographers Historical Timeline DRAFT 8/31/2018 Compiled by David E. Williams February, 1913 — The Cinema Camera Club of New York and the Static Camera Club of America in Hollywood are organized. Each consists of cinematographers who shared ideas about advancing the art and craft of moviemaking. By 1916, the two organizations exchange membership reciprocity. They both disband in February of 1918, after five years of struggle. January 8, 1919 — The American Society of Cinematographers is chartered by the state of California. Founded by 15 members, it is dedicated to “advancing the art through artistry and technological progress … to help perpetuate what has become the most important medium the world has known.” Members of the ASC subsequently play a seminal role in virtually every technological advance that has affects the art of telling stories with moving images. June 20, 1920 — The first documented appearance of the “ASC” credential for a cinematographer in a theatrical film’s titles is the silent western Sand, produced by and starring William S. Hart and shot by Joe August, ASC. November 1, 1920 — The first issue of American Cinematographer magazine is published. Volume One, #1, consists of four pages and mostly reports news and assignments of ASC members. It is published twice monthly. 1922 — Guided by ASC members, Kodak introduced panchromatic film, which “sees” all of the colors of the rainbow, and recorded images’ subtly nuanced shades of gray, ranging from the darkest black to the purest white. The Headless Horseman is the first motion picture shot with the new negative. The cinematographer is Ned Van Buren, ASC. -
HERMIT International Art Symposium GROWTHRINGS
HERMIT international art symposium GROWTHRINGS time-place-rhythm-light-matter-energy from baroque till present LETOKRUHY cas-misto-rytmus-zvuk-svetlo-hmota-energie v promenach casu od baroka k dnesku under auspicies of Czech Ministery of Culture poradano s podporou Ministerstva Kultury Ceske Republiky PLASY 1th JUNE - 30th 1993 Bohe is The Monastery in Plasy The theme of the second international symposium-meeting-exposition and work- shop in the ancient cistercian monastery in Plasy (West Bohemia) will be the stintu- iation of interrelations between the seeing and heating, between the past and the present, between cctttrunt and province, high and low, matter and energy, relation between people and their cultural and natural environtent. 44 artists, musicians and intermedia artists from Czecho-Slowakia, Netherland, Belgium, USA, Australia, Germany and Great Britain took part in the first symposium HERMIT 92. The installations, sound sculptures, performances were mostly realised directly in the complex of this former monastery founded in 114?. Especially ill the huge building of the baroque convent rebuilt by the famous architect Jail Blazcj Santini-Aichl in the 18th century. The second location was the space of the early baroque granary. The building of the convent contains many different spaces - from dark my- sterious subleractian cellars with underground watcrsystcttts to light chapels and huge corridors . The ideal sonic conditions of the interiors were used for many sound insta llatious and music performances. The interiors of the granary with it's early gothic King's chapel are considered by artists as outstanding exhibition space for con- temporary art. In the four floors of this unique monumental building with old tower- clock are four big cellars and four large rooms with original wooden construction from 17th century. -
Cine Jurídico
VIVI CICLOCICLO DEDE CINECINE JUDICIALJUDICIAL Programación: Luis Moreno Torres Crítico de cine. Jaén, enero de 2011 Programación VI Ciclo de Cine Judicial. Luis Moreno Torres Crítico de cine JusticiaJusticia yy Sociedad:Sociedad: “La“La abogacíaabogacía enen lala pantalla”pantalla” PROMOVIDO POR: . Colegio de Abogados de Jaén. Delegación del Gobierno de Jaén. Universidad de Jaén. Vicerrectorado de Extensión Universitaria. Pág. nº 2 Programación VI Ciclo de Cine Judicial. Luis Moreno Torres Crítico de cine "Una persona puede cambiar de nombre, de calle, de cara… pero hay una cosa que no puede cambiar… no puede cambiar de pasión." “El secreto de sus ojos”. Pág. nº 3 Programación VI Ciclo de Cine Judicial. Luis Moreno Torres Crítico de cine PROGRAMACIÓNPROGRAMACIÓN CINEMATOGRÁFICACINEMATOGRÁFICA MarzoMarzo dede 20112011 Jueves 3 “El secreto de sus ojos” de Marzo (El secreto de sus ojos - Juan José Campanella – Argentina - 2009) Temas: “Usted dijo cadena perpetua”. Jueves 10 “Minority Report” de Marzo (Minority Report - Steven Spielberg – EE.UU. - 2002) Temas: El tiempo de la justicia perfecta. Jueves 24 “Las uvas de la ira” de Marzo (The Grapes of Wrath, John Ford – EE.UU. - 1940) Tema: Leyes y depresión socio-económica. Jueves 17 “Perversidad” de Marzo (Scarlet Street - Fritz Lang – EE.UU. - 1945) Tema: “La condena de la conciencia”. Jueves 31 “The Reader (El lector)” de Marzo (The Reader, Stephen Daldry – EE.UU. - 2008) Tema: Crímenes contra la humanidad. Lugar: Salón de Actos del Colegio de Abogados de Jaén. Presentación a cargo de Luis Moreno Torres. Crítico de cine. Pág. nº 4 Programación VI Ciclo de Cine Judicial. Luis Moreno Torres Crítico de cine CINE, JUSTICIA Y SOCIEDAD En una secuencia del recientemente oscarizado film argentino “El secreto de sus ojos”, un asistente de justicia borrachín –personaje interpretado por Guillermo Francella- pronuncia la siguiente frase: “Una persona puede cambiar de nombre, de calle, de cara… pero hay una cosa que no puede cambiar… no puede cambiar de pasión”. -
Boxoffice Barometer (March 6, 1961)
MARCH 6, 1961 IN TWO SECTIONS SECTION TWO Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer presents William Wyler’s production of “BEN-HUR” starring CHARLTON HESTON • JACK HAWKINS • Haya Harareet • Stephen Boyd • Hugh Griffith • Martha Scott • with Cathy O’Donnell • Sam Jaffe • Screen Play by Karl Tunberg • Music by Miklos Rozsa • Produced by Sam Zimbalist. M-G-M . EVEN GREATER IN Continuing its success story with current and coming attractions like these! ...and this is only the beginning! "GO NAKED IN THE WORLD” c ( 'KSX'i "THE Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer presents GINA LOLLOBRIGIDA • ANTHONY FRANCIOSA • ERNEST BORGNINE in An Areola Production “GO SPINSTER” • • — Metrocolor) NAKED IN THE WORLD” with Luana Patten Will Kuluva Philip Ober ( CinemaScope John Kellogg • Nancy R. Pollock • Tracey Roberts • Screen Play by Ranald Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer pre- MacDougall • Based on the Book by Tom T. Chamales • Directed by sents SHIRLEY MacLAINE Ranald MacDougall • Produced by Aaron Rosenberg. LAURENCE HARVEY JACK HAWKINS in A Julian Blaustein Production “SPINSTER" with Nobu McCarthy • Screen Play by Ben Maddow • Based on the Novel by Sylvia Ashton- Warner • Directed by Charles Walters. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer presents David O. Selznick's Production of Margaret Mitchell’s Story of the Old South "GONE WITH THE WIND” starring CLARK GABLE • VIVIEN LEIGH • LESLIE HOWARD • OLIVIA deHAVILLAND • A Selznick International Picture • Screen Play by Sidney Howard • Music by Max Steiner Directed by Victor Fleming Technicolor ’) "GORGO ( Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer presents “GORGO” star- ring Bill Travers • William Sylvester • Vincent "THE SECRET PARTNER” Winter • Bruce Seton • Joseph O'Conor • Martin Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer presents STEWART GRANGER Benson • Barry Keegan • Dervis Ward • Christopher HAYA HARAREET in “THE SECRET PARTNER” with Rhodes • Screen Play by John Loring and Daniel Bernard Lee • Screen Play by David Pursall and Jack Seddon Hyatt • Directed by Eugene Lourie • Executive Directed by Basil Dearden • Produced by Michael Relph. -
• ASC Archival Photos
ASC Archival Photos – All Captions Draft 8/31/2018 Affair in Trinidad - R. Hayworth (1952).jpg The film noir crime drama Affair in Trinidad (1952) — directed by Vincent Sherman and photographed by Joseph B. Walker, ASC — stars Rita Hayworth and Glenn Ford and was promoted as a re-teaming of the stars of the prior hit Gilda (1946). Considered a “comeback” effort following Hayworth’s difficult marriage to Prince Aly Khan, Trinidad was the star's first picture in four years and Columbia Pictures wanted one of their finest cinematographers to shoot it. Here, Walker (on right, wearing fedora) and his crew set a shot on Hayworth over Ford’s shoulder. Dick Tracy – W. Beatty (1990).jpg Directed by and starring Warren Beatty, Dick Tracy (1990) was a faithful ode to the timeless detective comic strip. To that end, Beatty and cinematographer Vittorio Storaro, ASC, AIC — seen here setting a shot during production — rendered the film almost entirely in reds, yellows and blues to replicate the look of the comic. Storaro earned an Oscar nomination for his efforts. The two filmmakers had previously collaborated on the period drama Reds and later on the political comedy Bullworth. Cries and Whispers - L. Ullman (1974).jpg Swedish cinematographer Sven Nykvist, ASC operates the camera while executing a dolly shot on actress Liv Ullman, capturing an iconic moment in Cries and Whispers (1974), directed by friend and frequent collaborator Ingmar Bergman. “Motion picture photography doesn't have to look absolutely realistic,” Nykvist told American Cinematographer. “It can be beautiful and realistic at the same time. -
Film Soleil 28/9/05 3:35 Pm Page 2 Film Soleil 28/9/05 3:35 Pm Page 3
Film Soleil 28/9/05 3:35 pm Page 2 Film Soleil 28/9/05 3:35 pm Page 3 Film Soleil D.K. Holm www.pocketessentials.com This edition published in Great Britain 2005 by Pocket Essentials P.O.Box 394, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 1XJ, UK Distributed in the USA by Trafalgar Square Publishing P.O.Box 257, Howe Hill Road, North Pomfret, Vermont 05053 © D.K.Holm 2005 The right of D.K.Holm to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of the publisher. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may beliable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The book is sold subject tothe condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise circulated, without the publisher’s prior consent, in anyform, binding or cover other than in which it is published, and without similar condi-tions, including this condition being imposed on the subsequent publication. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 1–904048–50–1 2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 1 Book typeset by Avocet Typeset, Chilton, Aylesbury, Bucks Printed and bound by Cox & Wyman, Reading, Berkshire Film Soleil 28/9/05 3:35 pm Page 5 Acknowledgements There is nothing