THE CHURCH OF ERIN AND ALBAN 77 tion of the rights or either see. He died in 1115, and during his time noth ing was done to affect the rights of the Culdees. Alexander then asked the Archbishop of Canterbury to select an English cleric as Bishop; this led to further dispute. Eadmer was sent. He was elected in 1120 but returned to Canterbury the next year, and St. Andrews had no Bishop for thre~ years. Alexander founded at Scone in 1115 a priory of regular canons, bring ing the monks from the Church of St. Oswald in Yorkshire, and some years later regular canons were placed in Dunkeld. He also founded a priory or canons on an island near Loch Tay and built a monl!.stery for them in the island of Inchcolm. · BISHOP ROBERT-DAVID'S POLICY-When Eadmer died, the King appointed Robert, the English Prior at Scone, as Bishop of St. Andrews, but before he was consecrated, Alexander died. During the whole period of Alexander's reign, David was pursuing the same policy in the south, and in 1113 he founded a monastery at Selkirk in which he placed Benedictine monks. His great work, however, was the reconstitution of the Bishopric of Glasgow about 1115, and an investigation by wise men was made of the churches and lands which formerly belonged to the See. From this docu ment we learn that the church at Glasgow was founded by Kentigern, and that ·he was succeeded by several Bishops in this S'ee, but in the confusion and revolution in the country, all traces of the Church and almost all traces of Christianity, were destroyed till the restoration of the Bishopric by David, and the election and consecration of his tutor, John, who is com monly called the first Bishop of Glasgow. There are no traces of the chapter of the Keledei at Glasgow. A contemporary of David writes of him, "that he was a man loved both by God and man. When he came to the throne there were only three or four Bishops in all Scotland, and the other churches without a shepherd going to ruin, so he restored ancient ones and founded new ones, leaving nine Bishoprics at his death. He also founded many monasteries which he endowed with possessions and covered with honors." AGGRESSIVE MEASURES AGAINST THE CULDEES (1144)-St. ANDREW'S (1248)-THEY DISAPPEAR (1232)-So far the Cettic Church appears mainly as dying out by internal decay, and as being superseded by the Bishoprics founded early in David's reign, and the establishment of the cathedral staff of canons with their dean and other officials. Now an active war against the Culdee establishments began, every effort was made to suppress them entirely, and a course of external aggression joined to the internal decay rolled from St. Andrews westward to the Isle of Iona. In 1144, Rcibert, Bishop of St. Andrews, prior at Scone, founded a priory for the same Augustine canons at St. Andrews, granted them lands and two portions of the altarage, the hospitai and its portion, and this grant was confirmed by the Pope. In the same year King David granted a chapter to the prior and canons of St. Andrews in which he says that they shall receive the Keledei into the canonry with all their possessions and lands if they are willing to become canons regular; if they refuse, those now alive, to be retained until death, then as many regular canons instituted in St. Andrews as there are now Keledei, with all ·their possessions appropriated to the use of the canons. Three years later, Pope Eugenius, in a bull, de prived the Keledei of their right to elect the Bishop, and gave this to the prior and canons of St. Andrews: also he decreed that as the Keledei died out, their places should be filled by regular canons. The Keledei resisted, but the decree was renewed by other Popes down to 1248. In 1156 Bishop Robert granted to the canons the whole altarage, except the Bishop's por tion. Of the two bodies of Culdees in St. Andrews, the share of secular per sons now passed to the regular canons. The Keledei community now appeared by the name of the Provost and Keledei of the Church of St. Mary. At this time a bull rescued by Pope Innocent IV to the prior and canons of St. Andrews, says that his predecessors had ordained that as the Keledei died, their places should be filled by regular canons and their pos sessions made over, but that the prebend of Gilbert, a Keledeus, becoming