Tadanori Yokoo (D

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Tadanori Yokoo (D işlevsel amaçlarla üretilirler, ama ikisinin bir arada olduğuna pek rastlanmaz. Bir afişle bir ürünün, bir etkinliğin, bir güvenlik uyarısının veya Sovyetler Birliği’nde, İsviçre’de, Polonya’da veya ABD’deki bir siyasi hareketin duyurusu veya reklamı yapılabilir. Ama bütün bu durumlarda anlık iletişim, seyir zevkinden çok daha önemlidir. Japonya’da, hem yeni orta sınıfın tüccarları için ticari reklam görevi Art, çağdaş Japon popüler kültürü gören, hem de çok değerli sanat ve ukiyo-e olarak bilinen tahta objeleri olan ukiyo-e’nin 17. yüzyıl İsyankâr kalıp baskılar dahil olmak üzere sonlarında üretilmeye başlanmasıyla geleneksel Japon sanat dallarının bu tür ayrımlar ortadan kalkar. bir ruh: da olduğu, muazzam miktarda ve Yokoo sanatla tasarım arasındaki son derece eklektik sanatsal imge belirsiz örtüşme alanında yer ve hareketleri çağrıştırır. Hangi alır. Çağdaşı olan birçok Japon “Chinsetsu Yumihari-Zuki” Tadanori medyada olursa olsun, çok az tasarımcıya benzer biçimde, onun (Bunraku tiyatro afişi), 1971. sayıda sanatçı, büyük, kozmopolit da eserleri az sayıda ve çok kaliteli Yokoo şehirlerde yaşamaktan kaynaklanan bir şekilde basılır. Örneğin 1971’de, sonra tekrar tekrar kullanacaktı. görsel bolluğu yakalamakta bu Tokyo Ulusal Tiyatrosu’nda Tren, savaş sonrasında Japonya’nın Christopher Mount kadar başarılı olmuştur. Yokoo’nun sahnelenen Chinsetsu Yumihari- hızla ilerleyen ve sonuçta sorunlu observatory.designobserver.com kendisinin de dediği gibi, “Tokyo Zuki adlı Bunraku oyunu için olan, bazılarına göre ülkenin asil Çeviri: Leyla Tonguç Basmacı sokaklarında yürüdüğüm zaman, hazırladığı afişle Avrupa veya geleneksel kültürünü yok eden bazen hastalıktan yeni kalkmışım ABD’de görülen donuk renkli ofset gelişimini temsil ediyordu. Fuji Tadanori Yokoo (d. 1936), kitap gibi sağa sola yalpaladığım olur. tiyatro broşürleri arasında hiçbir Dağı o eski dünyayı temsil ediyordu, tasarımı, animasyon, baskı, afiş, Sanatçının karmaşık, rüyayı andıran benzerlik yoktur. Sade, siyah bir fon doğan güneş de Japonya’nın albüm kapakları, Swatch saatleri, çizimleri, içinde yaşadığımız üzerine Hokusai’nin “Great Wave” modern dönemdeki bu durumuna illüstrasyon ve resim dahil olmak çalkantılı ve kaotik zamanı [Büyük Dalga] eserinin sadece ana neden olan militarist çılgınlığın üzere birbirinden çok farklı birçok yansıtmakla kalmaz, hem yüksek hatları, onun üzerine de hayal meyal simgesiydi. Afişin alt tarafında bir medyayı benimsemiştir. Tüm eserleri ve alçak kültürü, hem de gelişen görünecek bir şekilde bir samuray yanda Yokoo’nun bebeklik fotoğrafı, eşsiz bir görsel zenginlik sergiler küreselleşmeyi kapsamına alır. savaş sahnesi basılmıştır. Afişin üst diğer tarafında da müstehcen bir ve aralarında Sürrealizm, Dadaizm, Batı’da basılı eserler geleneksel kısmında delikler açılmış gibidir, hareket yapan bir el içeren bir okul Rus Konstrüktivizmi, Amerikan Pop olarak ya sanatsal seyir için, ya da etkinliğin ayrıntıları da kaligrafiyle fotoğrafı vardır. Ortada ise elinde bir yazılmıştır. çiçek tutan, asılmış genç bir adam “Tadanori Yokoo, 29 Yaşımda Doruğa Ulaştım ve Öldüm” (sergi afişi), 1965. Yokoo’nun coşkulu yaratıcılığı vardır. Yokoo’nun cinsel açıdan basımevinin ustalığını tamamlar, doruğa ulaşıp hayatına son vermeye hatta ona ilham kaynağı olur. karar verdiğine dair güçlü bir ima Sanat eleştirmeni Yasushi söz konusudur. Nitekim o dönemde Kurabayashi’ye göre, “Yokoo’nun bazıları gerçekten de onun öldüğünü afişleri alışılageldik afiş kavramları düşünmüştü. çerçevesinde tasarlanmamıştır. Yokoo’nun eserlerinin bir Yokoo afişlerinde bilişsel açıdan özelliği de, sık sık kişisel mesajlar anlaşılırlığı veya mesajı değil, içermesidir. 1967’de “John Silver” daha çok yaratıcılıkla ilgili kendi adlı oyun için yarattığı afiş, bu işi arzularını göz önüne alır.” Afişten geç teslim ettiği için yönetmen Juro “satıcıyla alıcıyı bir araya getiren Kara’ya yazılmış bir özür mesajı telgraf ” olarak söz eden A.M. içerir. Tokyo’daki Takashimaya Cassandre’ın veya İsviçre’de 50’li adlı mağazada, kendi eserlerinden ve 60’lı yıllarda ortaya çıkan ve oluşan “Counter Attack” [Karşı tasarımın matematik gibi kesin ve Saldırı] adlı 1998 tarihli afiş, geyşa şeffaf olmasını isteyen Neue Graphik imgeleri; havada asılı duran ve hareketini destekleyenlerin tersine, bazıları diş telleri içeren büyük Yokoo öznellik yüklüdür. Sanatçının tarzı kendi arzularını, hayallerini, “John Silver” (tiyatro afişi), 1967. korkularını ve maneviyatını temel alır. Yokoo kendi için çalışır ve müşteri ikincil öneme sahiptir. Yokoo’nun yarattığı görüntüler arasında anlatım açısından en zengin olanı, aynı zamanda en tartışmalı olanlardan da biridir. Sanatçı 1965’te, kendi eserlerinin sergisini tanıtmak amacıyla, “Made in Japan, Tadanori Yokoo, Having Reached a Climax at the Age of 29, I Was Dead” [Japonya’da üretilmiştir, Tadanori Yokoo, 29 Yaşımda Doruğa Ulaştım ve Öldüm] adlı bir afiş yarattı. Burada kullandığı Fuji Dağı, doğan güneş ve hızla yol alan Shinkasen treni gibi görsel motifleri daha YAZILAR ARALIK 2013 SAYI 135 nelerin sanat olduğunu sorgulayan ikonsa da, Batı’da hak ettiği rağbeti avangart bir topluluğun üyesiydi. Bu görmemiştir. Issey Miyake, Yohji grubun diğer üyeleri arasında film Yamamoto, Akira Kurosawa, Arata yönetmeni Nagisa Oshima, tiyatro Isozaki, Tadao Ando, Rei Kawakubo yazarı ve film yönetmeni Shuji ve daha yakın zamanlarda Yoshitomo Terayama, yazar Yukio Mishima ve Nara, Haruki Murakami, Takashi Yayoi Kusama ile Yoko Ono gibi Murakami ve Hayao Miyazaki’nin sanatçılar vardı. Tokyo’nun savaş isimleri daha çok tanınır. Bu sonrası harabe halindeki durumuna kişiler, yazarlık, mimarlık, moda ve maddi kültürünün büyük tasarımcılığı, güzel sanatlar ve kısmının yok olmuş olmasına tepki sinema gibi, daha aşina olduğumuz gösteren bu gruptaki sanatçılar kısa meslek veya sanat dalları sayesinde ömürlü medyalarla çalışıyorlardı tanımlanırlar, ama Yokoo, kariyerinin ve güzel sanatlarda idealizm veya kapsama alanı açısından tektir. kalıcılık kavramlarının kendilerini Ben de, onu 25 yıldır tanımama ve bağlamadığına inanıyorlardı. ona hayranlık beslememe rağmen, Yokoo, bu kargaşa içerisinde meslek dalını başka Amerikalılara “Wonderland” (yolculuk afişi), 1971. Japon toplumunun hiyerarşik nasıl tarif etmem gerektiği yapısına ve Tokyo’da yaşayan konusunda tam olarak emin değilim. ağızlar, bir Hokusai dalgası, para, bir potpuri gibi görünür ve muzip gazeteci Donald Richie’nin Sanatçı, grafik tasarımcı, baskı şeftaliden doğmuş olan efsanevi bir bir şekilde alkolle istenmeyen “görünmez itaat, mecburiyet ve sanatçısı veya illüstratör: bunların Japon çocuğu, ve doğan güneşi içerir. hamilelikler arasındaki bağlantıyı tabu sistemlerine” meydan okumak hiçbiri Yokoo için yeterli, hatta Aleksandr Rodchenko’nun Vladimir ima eder. için bir neden ve bir fırsat bulur. doğru bile olmaz. Mayakovsky’nin Pro Eto (Senin Yokoo’nun afişlerinin giriftliği Tarzan’ın resmi, Yokoo’nun klasik Özellikle anime, manga ve İçin) adlı şiir kitabı için yaptığı kısmen sanatçının sosyal, ekonomik Japon imgeleriyle dolu peyzajına diğer Japon eğlence türlerinin son fotomontajlara benzer şekilde, bunlar ve siyasi ortamını yansıtır. Japonya, mükemmel bir şekilde uyar. Başka zamanlarda ne kadar popüler hale da görsel şiirlerdir, her kıtanın kendi İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndaki bir çalışmasında ünlü bir Japon geldiği düşünülürse, Yokoo’nun imgesi söz konusudur ama ardında korkunç yenilgisiyle Amerikan aktris çıplak ve bağlı olarak yer Batı’da tanınmamış olması büsbütün mantıklı bir anlatım yoktur. ordusu tarafından istila edilmiş alır. İsa bile ev aletleri satmakla ironiktir. Yokoo, Amerikalı Eserlerinin bir başka güçlü olmasından başlayarak, düşmandan görevlendirilmiştir. Kibirli mevcut koleksiyoncuların sahip olmak unsuru da kendiyle dalga geçen, müttefike dönüşümüne ve savaş düzenle dalga geçen zeki asiye için yarıştığı Takashi Murakami karmaşık, dikkatli ve ince bir espri sonrasındaki hayret verici ekonomik Dadaizm’de ve Pop Art’da da veya Yoshimoto Nara’nın öncüsü anlayışıdır. “A Ballad Dedicated gelişimine kadar, felaketle ve rastlanır, ama modern Japonya sayılabilir. Yokoo’nun abartılı to the Small-Finger Cutting felaketleri telafi etme çabalarıyla bağlamında bu figür daha da umut yassı imge kullanımı ve Doğu ile Ceremony” [Küçük Parmağı Kesme dolu bir tarih yaşamış ve sonuçta vericidir. Batı’nın pop kültüründen elde ettiği Törenine Adanmış bir Balad] (1966) dünyanın en büyük ve en başarılı Yokoo ayrıca son derecede pürüzsüz sentez, Murakami’nin afişinde bir yakuzanın, küçük ekonomilerinden biri haline gelmiştir. tutarlıdır da. 1960’lı ve ’70’li sentezinden 25 yıl kadar önce yer parmağı kesilmiş eli vardır ve Ekonomisi son yirmi yılda bir miktar yıllarda ün kazanmış olup almıştır. Günümüzde Japon sanatının görüntü kanla kaplıdır. Japonya’da gevşediyse de yine de çok güçlüdür. günümüzde hâlâ önemli işler üreten, baş özelliklerinden olan, güzel bir tatil beldesi için hazırlanmış, Bunların yanı sıra, popüler kültürün hatta iş üretmeye devam eden olanla grotesk olan arasındaki denge 1971 tarihli “Wonderland” afiş büyük kısmının küreselleşmeden sanatçı sayısı çok azdır. Son derece ve çelişkiyi de büyük çapta ona dizisinde, cinsel imalar içeren etkilenmesiyle Japonya’nın yabancı yetenekli olan Ono, Japonya’dan borçluyuz. bitki ve hayvanlarla çevrili olarak, düşmanlığı konusundaki eğilimleri ABD’ye geçmiş ve John Lennon’un Yokoo’nun afişlerini New Danimarka peynirlerinden oluşan de yumuşamaktadır. Yokoo’nun karısı olmak gibi çok görünür bir York’ta, Modern Sanat Müzesi’nde peynirlerin üzerinde oturan ve Japon eserlerinde geleneksel Japonya’yla
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