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Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-03517-0 - Performing the American Frontier, 1870-1906 Roger A. Hall Index More information

Index

Academy of Music (Cleveland, Ohio), Alexander II, Czar of Russia, 2, 52 137 Alexandra Theatre (Melbourne, Academy of Music ( Jersey City, N.J.), Australia), 160 47, 202 Alexis, Grand Duke of Russia, 2, 52–53 Academy of Music (New York), 197, All Star Feature Corporation, 176 206, 215, 217 Amato, Pasquale, 211 Across the Continent, 16–17, 19, 21–24, American Theatre (New York), 101, 32–34, 36–39, 41–43, 46, 48–49, 180, 182; see also Third Avenue 57–58, 63, 69, 75, 88, 128, 136–138, Theatre 182, 220, 223, 227–228, 232–233 Amphitryon 38, 118 Across the Rockies, 38 Anderson, Bill, 129 Across the Trail, 198 Anderson, “Bronco Billy,” 1 Actors’ Equity Association, 125 Andre, 85 Actors’ Fund of America, 125–126 Anglin, Margaret, 215–216, 218 (ﬁg. 22), Actors’ Order of Friendship, 125 219 Actors’ Society, 125 Annie from Massachusetts, see Ranch 10 Adams, Maude, 37, 167 Anthony Street Theatre (New York), Adelphi Theatre (London), 170, 217 26 African-Americans, 7, 23, 100, 133, 226 Arch Street Theatre (Philadelphia), 92, After Five, 200 119 Ah Sin, 90–91, 93–94, 98, 119, 122–123 The Argonauts of ’49, 19 Aiken, Albert W., 75 The Argyle Case, 211 Alabama, 173 Arizona, 21, 165, 185, 186–192, 194, 198, Alaska, 199 203, 207, 217, 220, 227, 232–233 Albert, King of Saxony, 144 Arizona Joe, 138 Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, 144 Arizona John, 64 Alcazar Theatre (San Francisco), 102 Arizona Sue, 77 Aldrich, Louis, 15–16, 95, 119–121, The Arkansas Traveller, see Kit, the 124–126, 136, 138, 232 Arkansas Traveller

263

264 index

Arlington, J. V., 62–64 199–200, 206–213, 216, 223, Armstrong, Paul, 223 229–230, 233 Arness, James, 16 Belasco, Humphrey Abraham, 168 As a Man Thinks, 190 Belasco Theatre, 206 Astor Place Riot, 51 Belmer, Henry, 128, 130–131, 136, 230 At Cripple Creek, 199 Ben-Hur, 205 At the Rainbow’s End, 172 Ben McCullough; or, the Wanderer’s Australia, frontier drama in, 150, 152, Return, 34–36 160, 162 Bennett, Annie, 51 Autry, Gene, 1 Bennett, James Gordon, 2, 51–53, 59 Bernard, Charles, 168 Bacon, Frank, 223 Bernard, William Bayle, 28–29 Bailey, James A., 145, 146 Big Jim Garrity, 223 Baker, Ben A., 43 Bierstadt, Albert, 1, 166 Baker, Johnny, “The Cowboy Kid,” 143, Bill Buffalo, His Great Buffalo Bull, 52 147–148 Billboard, 78 The Ballet of Niagara, 221 Billy the Kid, 220–221, 231 The Bandit King, see Jesse James, The Bird, Robert M., 29 Bandit King Black Hawks, 138 Bank, Rosemarie K., 8, 10, 230 blacks, see African-Americans Bannister, Harry, 211 Blanchard, Kitty, 95, 97 (ﬁg. 9) Barbour, Edwin, 164, 178 Blue Jeans, 169 Barker, James Nelson, 26 Bodmer, Karl, 166 Barnes, James, 80 Bogardus, Adam H., 140 Barnum, Phineas T., 139, 144 Boles, John, 215 Barnum and Bailey Circus, 145 Bonanza, 22 Barrett, Lawrence, 205 Bond, Raymond, 176 Barrett, S. H., 128 Bonita, see The Love Call Barriscale, Bessie, 215 Book of Mormon, 31 Barry, Philip, 118 Boone, Daniel, 25, 49, 85, 228 Barrymore, Ethel, 37, 167 Booth, Edwin, 27, 33, 37 Barrymore, Lionel, 102 Booth, John Wilkes, 33 Barrymore, Maurice, 118 Booth, Junius Brutus, Jr., 119 Bataille, Gretchen M., 147 Booth’s Theatre (New York), 47, 94 Bates, Blanche, 206, 210 The Border Legion, 210 Baxter, Warner, 206 Bordman, Gerald, 13 Beach, Rex, 223 Borgnine, Ernest, 121 the Beatles, 145 Boston Daily Advertiser, 57 Beau Brummell, 184 Boston Daily Globe, 207 Beery, Noah, 176, 206 Boston Theatre, 57, 68, 79, 119 Belasco, David, 10, 15, 165, 167–172, Boucicault, Dion, 88–89, 169, 176–177, 175–177, 180, 186, 190, 196, 188

index 265

Bowery Theatre (New York), 1, 52–54, Burridge, Walter, 188 75, 78–81, 85–86, 128, 136, 154 Burt, Mabel, 102 Box Office Attraction Company, 172 Burton’s Theatre (New York), 32 The Boy Detective, 79 Byron, Arthur, 37 The Boy Scout, 77 Byron, Kate, 33, 34 (fig. 1), 37 The Boy Scout of the Sierras, 79, 138 Byron, Oliver Doud, 15, 19, 22, 24, Brady, William, 191, 211 32–38, 34 (fig. 1), 42, 47, 70–71, Brainard, Harriet, 215 77, 85–86, 110, 125, 129, 137–138, The Brass Monkey, 181 229, 232 Breamer, Sylvia, 211 Broadway Theatre, 92, 94 Cain, Robert, 176 Broderick, Robert, 191 Cal the Cowboy, 77 Brooklyn Daily Times, 78 Calamity Jane, see Canary, Martha Jane Brooklyn Eagle, 24, 33 California; or, The Heathen Chinee, 75 Brooklyn Museum and Theatre, 75–76 California Theatre (San Francisco), 47, Brougham, John, 30, 220 66, 106 Brynner, Yul, 16 California through Death Valley, see Buchanan, James, 31 Fonda; or, The Trapper’s Dream Buck Taylor, King of the Cowboys, 143 Camille, 102, 216 Buck Taylor’s Wild West, 151 Campbell, Bartley, 88, 119–120, 122 Buffalo Bill at Bay; or, The Pearl of the (fig. 12), 123, 126, 136, 229 Prairie, 65–66 Canary, Martha Jane, 131–132, 138, 151, Buffalo Bill, King of the Border Men, 50, 160, 228, 230 52 Canary, Thomas, 128 Buffalo Bill–Pawnee Bill Film The Canuck, 102 Company, 146 The Capitol, 186 Buffalo Bill’s Last Victory; or, Dove Eye, Captain Impudence, 205 the Lodge Queen, 54 Captain Jack, 3, 49, 84–85, 127 Buffalo Bill’s Pledge; or, Twenty Days, 137 Captain Jack of the Modocs, 85 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, 16, 51, 66, Captain Jinks of the Horse Marines, 184 138–151, 142 (fig. 14), 164–165, Carey, Harry D., 198 167, 190, 198, 227, 233 Carlisle Institute, 178 A Bunch of Keys, 181 Carpenter, Edward Childs, 223 Bunker Hill; or, The Death of General Carr, Eugene A., 51 Warren, 85 Carroll, J. W., 52 Bunnell’s Museum (New York), 127 Carson, Kit, 18, 38, 228 Buntline, Ned, 1, 19, 50–57, 55 (fig. 3), Carter, Leslie, 213 59, 61, 75–76, 79–80, 160, 230, Carter, Lincoln J., 160 232 Caruso, Enrico, 211 Bureau of Indian Affairs, 151, 171, 229 Carver, William F., 66, 140, 150–151, Burk, John, 85 160, 162 Burke, John M., 148–149 The Case of Becky, 213

266 index

Cat Ballou, 61 68–70, 75, 80–81, 84, 86, 89, 137, Catlin, George, 166 157, 160, 227–230, 232 The Cattle King, 133 as character, 49–50, 52–54, 67, 88, 123, A Century of Dishonor, 140 130–131, 137, 147, 228 The Challenge, 223 biography, 50–52, 64 Chanfrau, Francis S. (Frank), 16, 20, death, 20, 146 43–48, 45 (fig. 2), 77, 119, 125, 138, in melodrama, 54, 56–67 232 in movies, 146, 148 Chanfrau, Henry, 138 in the Wild West, 66, 138–141, The Changelings, 210 143–152 The Charity Ball, 168 Col. Wm. F. Cody (Buffalo Bill) Charles, Charlie, 157 Historical Picture Company, Chatham Street Theatre (New York), 146 75 Col. Zack Mulhall’s Wild West, 152 Chestnut Street Theatre Coleman, William S. E., 56 (Philadelphia), 92 Coliseum Theatre (Cincinnati), 84 Chicago Daily News, 103 Collings, W. H., 198 Chicago Daily Tribune, 70, 72, 110–111 Colonel Carter of Cartersville, 173 Chicago Evening Journal, 2, 52, 58 Colonel George of Mount Vernon, 186 Chicago Times, 49, 57–58, 110–111, 114 Colonel Tim McCoy’s Real Wild West Chief Joseph, 51 and Rough Riders of the World, Chinese, 4, 18, 39–40, 75, 89, 137, 222, 153 226, 229 Colorado, 165, 190 as comic characters, 23, 42, 46, 90–91, Columbia Pictures, 191 98, 119, 122, 123 Columbian Exposition (Chicago), 145, characterized, 7 149, 164, 172 Exclusion Act, 123, 137, 229 Conklin, William, 176 Christian, King of Denmark, 144 Conway, Sarah Crocker, 22 The Cinch Ring, 167 Cooper, Gary, 197 Civil War, 18, 31–33, 50, 51, 54, 76, 82, 92, Cooper, James Fenimore, 28, 80 129, 172, 200 Corinthian Hall (Rochester, N.Y.), The Claim, 223 74 Clarke, Master George, 224 (fig. 23) Cottrell, Harry D., 199 Claxton, Kate, 95 The Cow Puncher, 198 Clayton, Ethel, 220 The Cowboy and the Lady, 176, 184–185, Clement, Clay, 199 228 Cochise, 18 Cox, Richard H., 88, 105, 108 Cody, Arta, 50 Crabtree, Lotta, 38, 105, 112, 117–118 Cody, Isaac, 50 Crawford, John Wallace “Captain Cody, Louisa, 57 Jack,” 32, 60, 63–64, 140, Cody, William F. “Buffalo Bill,” 2, 15, 227–228 20, 48, 53, 55 (fig. 3), 65 (fig. 5), Crehan, Kate, see Byron, Kate

index 267

Cremorne Gardens (Melbourne, The Danites; or, The Heart of the Sierras, Australia), 160 16, 21, 32, 64, 88, 92–94, 96 (fig. Cricket of Palmy Days, 191 8), 97 (fig. 9), 98–101, 104–105, Crisp, Henry, 123 108–109, 113, 115, 119, 127, critics, 12, 14–15, 18, 38, 53, 58, 66, 70–71, 134–136, 138, 159, 209, 223, 91, 113, 117, 123, 136, 166, 174–175, 228–229, 232–233 188, 201, 203, 210, 213, 233 Dare, Frank, 223 and class consciousness, 57, 128–129 The Darling of the Gods, 210 as cultural guardians, 13, 35–37, 41–42, Dashing Charlie; or, The Scouts of the 72, 77–78, 232 Plains, 61, 80, 138 Crockett, Davy, 16, 25, 28, 48–49, 67–69, Dashing Charlie, the Texas Whirlwind, 71, 87, 136–137, 228, 230 61 Crothers, Rachel, 10, 165, 212, 221–223, Davenport, Harry, 102 224 (fig. 23), 230 Davis, Owen, 211, 223 Cumberland ’61, 172 Davis, Richard Harding, 198 Cummings, Robert, 218 (fig. 22) Davy Crockett; or, Be Sure You’re Right, Cummins, Frederic T., 151 Then Go Ahead, 16, 21, 67–75, 73 Cummins Indian Expositions, 152 (fig. 6), 84, 88, 104, 127, 136–138, Curiosities of the American Stage, 71 198, 208 Cushman, Charlotte, 118 Daw, Marjorie, 191 Custer, George, 9, 19, 49–50, 64, 84–86, Day, Edmund, 223 127, 198, 228 The Deacon’s Daughter, 118 Custer and His Avengers, 86 Deadwood Dick; or, The Sunbeam of the Custer’s Last Fight, 199 Sierras, 198 Custer’s Last Stand, 9, 18–19, 86, 146, Defoe, Lewis V., 217 148, 150–151, 154–155, 180, 199 DeMille, Cecil B., 197, 199, 206, 211, 233 Custis, George Washington Parke, 26 DeMille, Henry C., 15, 168, 200, 231 Cyrano de Bergerac, 216 deMille, William C., 165, 199–200, 203 Densmore, G. S., 104, 106–107, 110 Daily Chronicle (London), 217 Deseret Deserted; or, The Last Days of Daily Globe (Boston), 57 Brigham Young, 32 Daily Star (Cincinnati), 58 Dester, Elliott, 206 Dale, Alan, 203 Destinn, Emmy, 211 Daly, Augustin, 20, 38–43, 52, 80, 84, 88, The Devil’s Disciple, 216 95, 216, 229 DeWalden, Thomas B., 20, 44 Daly’s Fifth Avenue Theatre (New DeWitt, Robert M., 104 York), 39, 90, 173, 210, 217 Dickson Sketch Club, 172 Dampier, Alfred, 160, 162 Dippie, Brian, 167 Dances with Wolves, 113 Doc Middleton gang, 143 Dangerous Corner, 210 Donald MacKay, the Hero of the Modoc Daniel Boone, 81, 138 War, 85–86 The Danites in the Sierras, 99 Dowling, Joseph, 138, 153, 154 (fig. 15)

268 index

Down the Mississippi, 44, 48 England, 141, 294 The Drama of Civilization, 143 performances in, 37, 74, 98–99, Dramatic News and Society Journal, 128 144–145, 151–152, 156–157, 160, Drew, John, 118, 125 170, 184, 198, 206, 217, 222–223 Drew, Louisa, 92, 102, 119 English, 39 Drew, Sidney, 102 as fops, 27, 39, 222, 226 du Maurier, George, 102 as villains, 25–27, 156, 226 Duckett, Margaret, 91 characterized, 7 Duff, John, 39 Erastina, 143 Duff, Mary Ann, 156 Essanay Film Company, 146 Dumas, Alexandre, 68 Evans, Dale, 15 Dunlap, William, 85 Evening Transcript (Boston), 58 Dunraven, Earl of, 52 Exposition Universelle (Paris, France), Dupree, Minnie, 182, 213 144, 149–150 Dyer, Theresa, 92 Fairbanks, Douglas, 191, 233 The Earl of Pawtucket, 190 The Faith Healer, 215 Earl’s Court (England), 144 Falconer, Edmund, 39 The Easiest Way, 213 The Famous Mrs. Fair, 210 East Lynne, 44 Famous Players – Lasky Corporation, Eastwood, Clint, 15 176, 191–192, 233 Ebsen, Buddy, 211 The Far West; or, The Bounding Fawn, economy 38, 75 depression of 1873, 17, 49, 61, 67, 80 Farnum, Dustin, 197–198, 206, 232 depression of 1893, 177 Faversham, William, 204–206, 232 depression of 1929, 152 Feigl, Jane Maudlin, 199 effects on theatre, 17 The Female Detective, 77 opportunity in the West, 9 Fields, Lew, 30, 220 Eddy, Edward, 80 Fight for the Stolen Herd, 166 Eddy, Nelson, 211 Fight for the Waterhole, 166 Edison, Thomas, 144, 184 The Fight for Water, 166 The Editor, 125 The Fires of St. Joan, 102 Edmonds, Charles J., 103 First Fam’lies in the Sierras, 92, 99 Edwards, John Newman, 127 First National Pictures, 211, 220 Eighth Avenue Theatre (New York), First World War, 20, 152, 217 128 Fiske, Minnie Maddern, 46 Elliott, Maxine, 176, 184 Fitch, Clyde, 176, 184–185 Emmett, Charles E. “Dashing Fitzgerald, P.A., 99 Charlie,” 49, 64, 79–80, 119, 138, The Flaming Arrow, 160 227, 232 The Flaming Frontier, 198 Empire Theatre (New York), 167, 177, A Flash of Lightning, 38, 95 216 Fleming, W. J., 86

index 269

Fonda, Henry, 118 Ghost Dance, 18, 149, 178 Fonda; or, The Trapper’s Dream, 32, 64, Gibbs, Fred S., 198 228, 232 Gibson, Hoot, 1 Fontanne, Lynn, 118 Gilbert, William S., 112 A Fool There Was, 211 Gillette, William, 33, 167 Ford, Annie E., 81 Giraudoux, Jean, 118 Ford, John, 40, 119, 124, 169, 233–234 The Girl I Left Behind Me, 21, 63, 165, Ford, John T., 81 167–171, 176–177, 185, 190, 191, Ford brothers (Charley and Bob), 127, 203, 210, 212, 216, 227, 229, 131–132 232–233 Forepaugh, Adam, 150 The Girl of the Golden West, 10, 14, 21, Forepaugh and Wild West Combination, 124, 165, 172, 186, 192, 199, 206, 150 208, 210–212, 222–223, 226, Forrest, Edwin, 27–28, 30, 51, 220 231–234 ’49, 99–101, 136, 138 The Girl Who Ran Wild, 118 Foster, Charles, 62, 66 Gish, Lillian, 118 Fourteenth Street Theatre (New York), Gladstone, William, 144 100, 126, 135–136, 177 A Glance at New York, 43 Fox, George L., 41 Going Some, 223 France, Sid C., 128–131, 136 A Gold Mine, 156, 173 Frayne, Clara Butler, 82 Golden Era (San Francisco), 104 Frayne, Frank Ivers, 15, 81–84, 82 The Golden Giant, 102 (fig. 7), 87, 138, 154 The Goldfields of Nevada, 199 French and Indian War, 25, 85 Goldwyn, Samuel, 206 Friends, 205 Goodman, Joe, 72 Friml, Rudolph, 206 Goodrich, E. T., 134 Frohman, Charles, 15, 102, 167–168, 170, Goodwin, Nat, 156, 172–174, 176, 185 172, 177, 186, 191, 204, 216 Grand Opera House (New York), 80, Frohman, Daniel, 168, 204, 216 94, 101, 103, 107, 120, 136 Fulford, Robert, 115 Granger, Maude, 123 Fyles, Franklin, 167–168, 170–172 Grant, Ulysses S., 59 The Great Decide, 220 Gabriel Conroy, 101, 229 The Great Divide, 10, 14, 21, 165, 212, Gaiety Theatre (Boston), 112 215–220, 218 (fig. 22), 226, The Galley Slave, 126 231–233 The Gambler of the West, 211 The Great Northwest, 182 Ga-na-gua, 157 The Great Train Robbery, 183 (fig. 18), Gardiner, C. R., 120 224 Garrick Theatre (Chicago), 215 Greene, Clay M., 88, 102, 105–107, 111, A Gentleman from Nevada, 156 198 George, King of Greece, 144 Grey, Zane, 94 Geronimo, 18, 151 Grizzly Adams, 134, 138

270 index

Groner, Con, 143 Herald Square Theatre (New York), Grose, Burl Donald, 41 187, 191 Gunsmoke, 16 Herne, James A., 168 Gunter, A. C., 118 The Hero of Mt. Shasta, see Donald MacKay, the Hero of the Modoc HMS Pinafore, 112 War Hackett, James H., 28, 198 heroes, 4, 5, 10, 11, 25, 31–33, 38, 40–41, Hackett, James K., 198 47, 49, 61, 67–68, 100, 104, 124, Hamilton, J. Benson, 123–124 130, 137, 159, 166, 174–175, 185, Hamilton, Theodore, 54 187, 189, 195, 198, 204, 216, 227, Hamlin, Fred R., 186–187 230–231 Hamlin’s Grand Opera House as role models, 11, 24, 48, 50, 58, 69, (Chicago), 186 95, 121–122, 197, 225, 230 Hampton Institute, 178 disguised as females, 221 Hardie, James, 138, 156 heroines, 4, 5, 10, 23, 31, 39, 70–71, 76, Harding, Ann, 211 104, 109, 124, 132, 137, 157, 159, Harkins, James, 164, 178 166, 175, 177, 183, 189, 216, 219, Harlen, Kenneth, 197 222, 227, 230 Harper’s Monthly Magazine, 192 as role models, 11–12 Harper’s Weekly, 176, 192 disguised as males, 12, 26–27, 77, Harrigan, Ned, 125 93–95, 109, 135–136, 159, 183, 2 Hart, Tony, 117, 125 30 Hart, William S., 1, 182, 205 Herring, Fanny, 15, 75–80, 87, 230, 232 Harte, Bret, 1, 2, 15, 19, 20, 38–40, 42, Hickman, Bill, 93–94, 228 48, 75, 80, 84, 87–89, 91–93, 101, Hickok, James B. “Wild Bill,” 18, 103–106, 109–110, 113, 120, 49–50, 53, 59, 60, 227 135–136, 177–178, 189, 191–192, Hilliard, Robert, 210–211 208, 212, 223, 227, 229 Hippodrome (New York), 221 Hasson, Sadie, 138, 153, 154–155 (ﬁg. 15) Hispanics, 4, 6, 42, 83–84, 89–90, 126, Hasty Pudding, 192 148, 157–158, 189, 191, 195–196, Hay-o-wei, 64, 146 206, 208, 212–214, 226–227 Hazel Eye, the Girl Trapper; or, The Gold characterized, 7–8 Hunters, 54, 75–77, 230 Hobbes, Thomas, 10 The Heart of the Klondike, 182 The Hold Up, 167 Heart of the Rockies, 182 Holliday Street Theatre (Baltimore), The Heart of Wetona, 223 33, 54 Heartsease, 39 Hooley, Richard M., 120 The Heathen Chinee; or, California in Its Hooley’s Opera House (Brooklyn), 24, Youth, see California; or, The 52, 89, 220 Heathen Chinee Hooley’s Theatre (Chicago), 120, 173 Hellman, Lillian, 216 The Hoosier Doctor, 186 Hepburn, Katharine, 210 Horizon, 20–21, 38–39, 41–43, 46, 48–49,

index 271

52, 80, 84, 88, 98, 134, 227, 229, dances, 95, 169 231, 233 in affairs with whites, 6–7, 28–29, 31, Howard, Bronson, 167 101, 187, 199–201, 204, 231 Houston, Sam, 228 in Wild West shows, 139, 147–148, Hoyt, Charles, 30, 180–181, 191 150–151, 229 Hoyt’s Theatre (New York), 177 removal, 28 Hudson Theatre (New York), 199 tribes Huston, Walter, 197 Apache, 18, 56, 151, 188 Hutton, Laurence, 71 Blackfeet, 168–169, 171–172 Hyde, Stuart, 4, 226 Cherokee, 152 Cheyenne, 64 Ibsen, Henrik, 187, 211 Kickapoo, 139 Illustrated American, 178 Klamaths, 85 In Mizzoura, 165, 172–178, 184–186, 231, Modoc, 3, 18, 56, 85–86, 92 234 Narragansetts, 28 Ince, Thomas, 151 Navajo, 18, 38, 56, 188 The Indian, 180 Nez Perce, 18, 151 The Indian Mail Carrier, see Wep-ton- Pawnee, 56, 139, 150, 157 no-mah, the Indian Mail Carrier Piegan, 23 The Indian Princess; or, La Belle Seminole, 51 Sauvage, 26 Seneca, 157 Indian Rights Association, 140, 178 Sioux, 38, 56, 60–61, 64, 143, 146, Indian wars, 18, 20, 38, 49 149, 151, 157, 180, 203, 221 Apache War, 18, 56 Susquehannock, 26 Black Hawk War, 18, 38 Utes, 38, 201–202 Modoc War, 3, 18, 56, 85 Wampanoags, 27 Seminole War, 51 Warm Springs, 3, 85, 157 Sioux wars, 38, 146 whites disguised as, 5, 56, 60, 63, 66 The Indian Wars, 146 Ingraham, Prentiss, 1, 65, 143 Indians 2, 4–6, 8, 14, 18, 20, 25–30, Irish, 23, 59, 131, 222, 226 32–33, 39–44, 51, 54–56, 59–60, characterized, 7 62–63, 66, 69, 76–77, 80, 87, 135, Iron Tail, 148, 151 137–138, 140–141, 155, 157–160, Irving, Henry, 144 162–163, 168–169, 172, 175, 180, 190, 199, 202–204, 211, 225, 227, Jackson, Andrew, 28 229–230, 232–234 Jackson, Helen Hunt, 140 as comic caricatures, 5, 31, 42, 60–61, James, Frank, 129–132 227, 230 James, Jesse, 3, 127–131, 137, 182, 228, 231 assimilation of, 147, 159, 166, 178, 180, gang, 88 187, 199, 227, 229–230 James brothers, 18, 130–133, 173, 227, 231 characterized, 7, 227 James and Younger Wild West Show, 132 conﬂicts over performing, 147, 229 The James Boys, 128

272 index

The James Boys in Missouri, 132 Kit, the Arkansas Traveller, 16, 20, Jefferson, Joseph, 58, 72, 115, 176 43–44, 46–49, 88, 119, 136, 138, Jeffries, Jim, 198 172 Jerrett, Henry, 68 Knickerbocker Theatre (New York), Jesse James, the Bandit King, 38, 128–129, 184 133, 134 (ﬁg. 13), 135, 138, 230 The Knight of the Plains; or, Buffalo Jesse James, the Missouri Outlaw, 132 Bill’s Best Trail, 65 Jesse L. Lasky’s Feature Play Company, 233 La bohème, 211 Jessie Brown; or, The Relief of Lucknow, La fanciulla del West, 211 169–170 La Shelle, Kirke, 187, 192, 194 Jessop, George H., 156, 173 The Lake, 210 John Ermine of the Yellowstone, 191, 198 Lake Mohonk Conference, 140 John Logan, 101–102, 231 Lambs Club, 205 Johnston, Annie Lewis, 154 Langtry, Lillie, 211 Johnston, J. W., 215 Lannier, William, 54 Johnstone, Lorimer, 180 Lasky, Jesse, 191, 206, 215, 233 Jones, Henry Arthur, 216 Lavernie, Frank, 128–131, 136 Juanita, 212 Leatherstocking; or, The Last of the The Judge and the Jury, 199 Mohicans, 80 “The Judgment of Bolinas Plain,” 177 The Leatherstocking Tales, 28 Judson, Edward Zane Carroll, see Lee Avenue Academy of Music Buntline, Ned (Williamsburgh, New York), 128, 136 Kalem Company, 172 Leone, Sergio, 9 Kane, Gail, 191 Leopold, King of Belgium, 144 Keenan, Frank, 210–211 Leslie, Amy, 103, 173 Kellogg, Mark, 19, 86 Levine, Lawrence, 13, 35, 232 Kemble, Fanny, 192 Lewiston Weekly Gazette, 124 Kent, Julian, 63, 80, 138 Life Amongst the Modocs, 19, 92, 99 Kentuck, 88, 177; see also Two Men of The Life and Death of Natty Bumppo, Sandy Bar 80 The Kentuckian; or, A Trip to New York, Life of the Mormons at Salt Lake, 32 28 Life on the Border, 62–63, 80–81, 86; see Kentucky Bill, 84 also The Trapper’s Daughter Kenyon, Charles, 223 Lightnin’, 223 Kerrigan, J. Warren, 211 Lillie, Albert, 151 Kickapoo Medicine Company, 139 Lillie, Gordon W. “Pawnee Bill,” 146, The King and I, 16 150–151, 182 King Philip’s War, 27 Lillie, May Manning, 150–151, 182, 230 Kintpuash, see Captain Jack The Limited Mail, 182, 232 Kit Carson, 172 The Lion of the West, 28, 68, 181

index 273

Little Buckshot; or, Brought to Light, see Maguire’s Opera House (San The Boy Scout Francisco), 67, 119, 168 Little Rifle; or, The White Spirit of the The Main Line, 168, 233 Pawnees, 80, 119 A Man from the West, 198 Lochinvar, 68–69, 208 The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, 16 Locke, Edwin A., 153, 154 (fig. 15) Manhattan Theatre, 192 Locke, John, 9 Mansfield, Richard, 216 Logan, Kate, 37 Mantle, Burns, 194, 203 The Lone Ranger, 135 Marble, Scott, 177, 182–184 Lord and Lady Algy, 204 Marlowe, Julia, 167 Lord Chumley, 168 Marrying Mary, 205 Los Angeles Examiner, 103 Marsden, Fred, 118 The Love Call, 191 Marsh, R. G., 119 Lubin Manufacturing Company, 220 Mason, Jeffrey, 8, 230 “The Luck of Roaring Camp,” 19, 93 Matthews, Brander, 156, 173 The Luck of Roaring Camp, 177, 229 May Cody; or, Lost and Won, 65 Lunt, Alfred, 118 Mayhew, Kate, 103–115, 114 (fig. 10), Lusitania, 167 117–118, 232 Lyceum Theatre (New York), 168 Mayo, Frank, 15–16, 48–50, 67–75, 73 (fig. 6), 79, 87, 119, 137–138, 232 MacArthur, James, 223 children (Edwin, Eleanor, Deronda), MacDonald, Jeanette, 211 74–75 MacKay, Donald, 3, 49, 64, 84–86, 157, McCanles, David Colbert, see 227–228 McKandlas(s), David Colbert MacKaye, Steele, 143, 149 McCloskey, James J., 19, 22, 34, 38, 75, MacLaren, Donald, 211 80, 128, 130–131, 134 (fig. 13), 136 Macready, William Charles, 51 McConachie, Bruce, 14, 233 Madama Butterfly (Giacomo Puccini), McCormick, Langdon, 198 211 McCoy, Tim, 153 Madame Butterfly (David Belasco), McCrea, Joel, 197 210 McDonough, John E., 103, 107–113, Maddern, Minnie, see Fiske, Minnie 117–118 Maddern McHenry, Nellie, 119 Madeline of Fort Reno, 182 McIntosh, Burr, 176 Madison Square Garden (New York), McKandlas(s), David Colbert, 52–53, 143 131, 228 Madison Square Theatre (New York), McKinley, William, 150 168, 180, 222 McVicker’s Theatre (Chicago), Maeder, Fred G., 52–53, 59–60, 75–76, 109–110 230 medicine shows, 138–139 Maeterlinck, Maurice, 194 Medina, Louisa H., 29 Maguire, Tom, 119 The Melbourne Age, 162

274 index

Melodrama and the Myth of America, 8 Miss Rora, 198 Melodramatic Formations, 14 The Missourians, 199 Men and Women, 168 Mitchell, Harry, 138 Men Are Like That, 191 Mitchell, Lee Clark, 197 Meredith, Harry, 135–138 Mitchell, Maggie, 117–118 Merwin, Merion, 204 Mix, Tom, 1, 152 Metamora; or, The Last of the Pollywogs, M’liss, 16, 21, 88, 103–109, 111–119, 114 30, 80 (fig. 10), 116 (fig. 11), 124, Metamora; or, The Last of the 127–128, 134–136, 138, 177, 192, Wampanoags, 27, 28, 29, 30, 203, 208, 223, 229, 231–233 220 M’liss, a Romance of Red Mountain, 107 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, 206, 211 M’liss, Child of the Sierra, 108 Metropolitan Opera House (New Modoc War, 3, 56, 85–86 York), 105, 211, 215 Mohawk, Gowongo, 138, 157–160, 161 Metropolitan Theatre (New York), 81, (fig. 16), 203, 229–230 199 Montaigne, Michel de, 9, 10 Mexicans, see Hispanics Montana, 198 Mexico, 101, 102 A Montana Outlaw, 198 Miantonimoh, see The Wept of Wish- Moody, William Vaughn, 10, 15, 165, Ton-Wish 212, 215, 219–220 Miles, Nelson, 146, 149 Mordaunt, Frank, 123 Miller, Cincinnatus Hiner, see Miller, Morgan, Matt, 143, 149 Joaquin Morgan, Thomas J., 171 Miller, George L., 151 Morlacchi, Guiseppina, 56, 62 (fig. 4), Miller, George W., 151 232 Miller, Henry, 215–216, 218 (fig. 22), 219 Mormon War, 31, 50 Miller, Joaquin, 1, 19, 92, 98–101, 136, Mormons, 4, 16–17, 54, 56, 64, 95, 137, 229 227 Miller, Joseph C., 151 Aiken massacre, 93, 238 Miller, Zack T., 151–152 alleged violence of, 31–32, 93 “The Miller Brothers’ 101 Ranch Real history, 4, 31, 93 Wild West,” 146, 151, 152 Mountain Meadows Massacre, 100, Miner, Harry, 128 151, 228 miners/mining, 2, 4, 9, 25, 42, 75, 104, polygamy, 31–32, 94–95, 137, 228 146, 166 The Mormons; or, Life at Salt Lake City, in Alaska gold rush, 182, 199 32 in Black Hills, 18 Morning Post (London), 217 in California gold rush, 18, 24 Morosco, Oliver, 199 in plays, 88, 90, 92–93, 98, 102, 108, Moses, L. G., 147 115, 119–121, 134, 137, 154, 156–157, The Moth and the Flame, 184 173, 182, 190–191, 199, 206–210, Mount Morris Theatre (New York), 212, 217, 221, 223, 226, 231 101

index 275

The Mountain Man, 166 New York Dramatic Mirror, 33, 41, movies, 1, 9, 15–16, 20–22, 72, 83, 78–79, 81, 86, 94–95, 98–101, 111, 118–119, 121, 126, 146, 148, 151–152, 113, 115, 117–118, 120–121, 123, 163, 166, 172, 176, 183–184, 125–126, 136, 138, 162, 169–170, 191–192, 197–198, 200, 204–206, 177, 205, 220 210–211, 215, 219–220, 223–224, New York Evening Post, 173 233–234 New York Evening Sun, 189 “Mr. Thompson’s Prodigal,” 89 New York Herald, 2, 22, 35–37, 51, 52–53, Mrs. Dane’s Defense, 216 56–59, 61, 71, 77, 80, 89, 91, 130, “Mrs. Skagg’s Husbands,” 110 133, 170–171 Mulhall, Agnes, 152 New York in 1837; or, The Overland Mulhall, Charley, 152 Route, see Across the Continent Mulhall, Lucille, 152, 230 New York Mirror, see New York Mulhall, Zack, 152 Dramatic Mirror Murdoch, Frank Hitchcock, 67–68, 70, New York Morning Telegraph, 201 72 New York Museum, 127 Murdoch, James E., 68 New York Sun, 35, 41, 46, 57–58, 168, The Music Master, 213 172 My Partner, 16, 21, 88, 108, 119–127, 122 New York Times, 88, 100, 113–114, 130, (fig. 12), 134–136, 138, 189, 223, 133, 136, 169–170, 174–176, 229, 231 188–189, 194, 196, 201–204, 207, My Wife’s Husbands, 205 209–210, 214, 216 New York Tribune, 201, 207 Naramattah, see The Wept of Wish-Ton- New York Weekly, 19, 31, 50, 75 Wish Niblo’s Garden Theatre (New York), Nathan Hale, 176, 184 20, 24, 37, 44, 58, 71, 80, 85, National Theatre (New York), 32, 128, 102–103, 105, 107, 111, 162 136 Nick of the Woods, 29–30, 32 Native Americans, see Indians Nick Whiffles, 17, 31–32 Nelson, John Y., 143, 150 The Nihilists of St. Petersburg, 87 Nelson, Richard, 10, 230 Nillson, Carlotta, 224 (fig. 23) Neptune’s Daughter, 221 Noah, Mordecai M., 26 Nevada, 199 Nobody’s Claim, 138, 153–154, 155 (fig. 15), New Amsterdam Theatre (New York), 158, 182, 208 223 Nobody’s Widow, 210 New Market Theatre (Portland, Nordeck, 74 Oregon), 105 North Broad Street Theatre New York American, 203 (Philadelphia), 108, 112 New York Clipper, 24, 37, 41, 44, 46–48, Northern Lights, 164, 178, 180, 200, 227, 53, 58, 66–67, 70, 77–78, 81, 90, 229 95, 101, 103, 110, 117, 120, 122, 126, Noted Guerrillas; or, The Warfare of the 129, 138 Border, 127

276 index

Oakley, Annie, 141, 143, 145–148, 198, 230 Parsloe, Charles T., 46, 68, 90–91, 98, Odell, George C. D., 1, 110 119, 122–123, 125, 136, 226 “Old Glory Blow Out,” 139 Pastor, Tony, 30 Olympic Theatre (Brooklyn), 154 Paulding, James Kirke, 28, 68, 181 Olympic Theatre (New York), 20, 39, Peckinpah, Sam, 163 43, 154 Pemberton, T. Edgar, 177 Omohundro, John B. “Texas Jack,” 18, People’s Theatre (New York), 180 49, 54, 55 (fig. 3), 56, 58–59, 61, 62 Percy, Eileen, 176 (fig. 4), 64, 81, 152, 227, 232 Peters, House, 211, 220 On the Frontier, 138, 154, 156 Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 112 O’Neil, Kate, see Byron, Kate Philadelphia Evening Telegraph, 217 O’Neil, Nance, 102 Philadelphia Inquirer, 112 O’Neill, Eugene, 172 Pickett, Bill, 151 O’Neill, James, 95, 118, 168, 216 Pickford, Mary, 118, 233 Opera House (Brooklyn), 137 Pidgeon, Walter, 211 Opera House (Louisville, Ky.), 137 The Pillars of Society, 211 Opp, Julie, 204 Pioneer Days, 221 Oroloso, the Dead Shot, 81 Pixley, Annie, 15–16, 103–104, 107–109, “The Outcasts of Poker Flat,” 39, 112–113, 115–118, 116 (fig. 11), 124, 120 136–138, 232 The Outlaw, 166 Placide, Alice, 79–80, 119, 138, 232 The Outlaw Brothers, Frank and Jesse Placide, Henry, 79 James, 128, 136 “Plain Language from Truthful James,” Over the Plains, 38 91 Overland Monthly, 19 Pocahontas, 7, 9, 25–26, 30, 60, 85, 204, The Overland Route, 182 228 Po-ca-hon-tas; or, The Gentle Savage, 30, The Pacific Mail, 182 220 Paine, Albert Bigelow, 91 Pocahontas; or, The Settlers of Virginia, Palmer, Albert M., 41, 92, 102, 119–120, 26 173 Ponteach; or, The Savages of America, 25, Palmer, Minnie, 123 30, 32 Palmy Days, see Cricket of Palmy Days Pontiac, 25 Pan-American Exposition (Buffalo, Poole, John F., 85 N.Y.), 150 population, growth affects theatre, 17 Pancoast, Henry, 178 Porter, Edwin S., 183–184, 224 Paquita, 126 Portland Morning Oregonian, 106 Paramount Pictures, 197, 206, 211, 215 Portland Standard, 106, 114 Park Theatre (Brooklyn), 19, 22, 24, 34, Potter, Paul M., 102, 182 52, 67, 70, 75, 128 Poverty Flat; or, California in ’49, 38, 80 Park Theatre (New York), 71 The Prairie Waif, 66–67 Parker, Dick, 101 Pratt, Harry, 98

index 277

Preferred Pictures, 197 Reid, Hal, 198–199 Princess Theatre (New York), 216 Remington, Frederic, 1, 166, 191, 198 Proctor, Joseph, 30 Rennie, James, 211 Puccini, Giacomo, 211, 233 Rice, Billy, 24, 220 Pudd’nhead Wilson, 67, 74 Richardson, Gary A., 9, 222 Purssell, Kate, 138, 160, 230 Richman, Charles, 214 (fig. 21) Riders of the Purple Sage, 94 Quantrill, William C., 129–130 Rio Grande, 191, 223 The Queen of the Plains, 160 Rip Van Winkle, 115 Quinn, Arthur Hobson, 188–189 Ritter, Charles, 118 The Rivals, 216 Radavich, David, 228 Robbins, Hirim, 81 railroads, 51, 145, 173, 176, 198, 227, 232 Roberts, Theodore, 189, 191–192, 198, importance to theatre, 17 203, 206, 211 transcontinental, 17–18, 20, 32, 137, Robinson, Forrest, 8, 231 182, 228 Robinson, John Hovey, 31 Union Pacific, 18, 23, 32, 182, 201 Robson, Eleanor, 223 used in plays, 19–20, 24, 32, 43, 153, Robson, Stuart, 89, 90 182–184, 226, 231 Rockwell, Orin Porter, 93, 228 Ranch 10; or, Annie from Massachusetts, Rogers, Robert, 25 135, 137–138, 159, 198, 231 Rogers, Roy, 1, 15, 83 ranches/ranching, 4, 9, 25, 146 Rogers, Will, 152, 181, 195 used in plays, 42, 52, 134–135, 137, Romberg, Sigmund, 191 157–158, 180–181, 184, 187–189, Roosevelt, Theodore, 1, 185, 228–229 193, 198–199, 201, 223, 226 Rose, Edward, 157 The Ranger, 191, 198 The Rose of the Rancho, 212–213, 214 Rankin, McKee, 15–16, 92–93, 95, 96 (fig. 21), 215, 226–227, 232–233 (fig. 8), 98–103, 105, 115, 119, 126, “Roughing It,” 19, 136–138, 232 Roughing It, 80 children (Phyllis, Gladys, and The Round-Up, 223 Doris), 102 Rourke, Constance, 39 Ranson’s Folly, 198 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 10 Raymond, John T., 156 Roxanna’s Claim, 154 Red Jacket, 157 Royal Alfred Theatre (London), 37 Red Mazeppa; or, The Madman of the The Royal Guard, see The Three Plains, 75 Guardsmen The Red Right Hand; or, Buffalo Bill’s The Royal Mounted, 200 First Scalp for Custer, 62, 64, 229 Royle, Edwin Milton, 79, 165, 191, The Red Scarf, 38 199–206, 202 (fig. 20), 231 The Red Spider, 154 Royle, Selena Fetter, 205 The Redskin, 211 Russell, Annie, 178, 179 (fig. 17) Rehan, Ada, 33 Russell, Charles, 167

278 index

Russell, Don, 150 Shaw, George Bernard, 170, 187 Russell, Lillian, 220 She Would Be a Soldier; or, The Plains of Chippewa, 26, 230 A Sabine Woman, see The Great Divide, Shenandoah, 167, 216 215 Sheridan, Philip H., 51 Sacagawea, 7 Shipman, Louis, 198 St. Louis World’s Fair, 152, 173 Shirley, Anne, 119 Salomy Jane, 223 Shore Leave, 213 Salsbury, Nate, 140, 143–146, 148–149, 164 Shubert brothers, 191, 221 Salbury’s Troubadours, 140, 144 Jacob, 191 Sam Houston, 199 Lee, 191, 217 Sam Houston, the Hero of Texas, 133 Sam, 191 Samuel, Reuben, 129–130 Si Slocum, 83–84, 138, 208, 232 Samuel, Zerelda, 127–130 “The Significance of the Frontier in San Francisco Chronicle, 106–107, 115 American History,” 164 San Francisco Daily Evening Bulletin, The Silent Call, 206 107 Silet, Charles L. P., 147 Sarrano, Vincent, 198 Silver Knife; or, The Hunters of the Rocky Savoy Theatre (New York), 200 Mountains, 1 Saxe-Meiningen, Duke of, 74 Simpson, Russell, 197, 211 Scarborough, George, 223 Sitting Bull, 49, 141, 143, 149–150, 228 scenery, 6, 21, 30, 32, 38–39, 41, 43, Sitting Bull; or, Custer’s Last Charge, 86 46–47, 58, 98, 100, 105–106, 110, Skinner, Otis, 83, 125 123, 143, 171, 173, 188, 190, 196, Slotkin, Richard, 9, 19 209, 213, 223, 232 Smith, John, 26, 30 Schreyvogel, Charles, 167 Smith, Joseph, 31, 93 Scott, Cyril, 191 Smith, Susan Harris, 14, 91, 232 Scott, Walter, 68–69, 127, 208, 227 Smith, Winchell, 223 The Scout, 160, 162–163 Songs of the Sierras, 19, 92 The Scouts of the Plains, 59 Sothern, E. H., 168, 216 The Scouts of the Prairie; or, Red Spanish, see Hispanics Deviltry As It Is, 49, 54–59, 55 Spanish-American War, 20, 185, 188, (fig. 3), 61–62 190, 228 The Scouts of the Sierra Nevada, 81 Spencer, Edward, 20, 44 A Scrap of Paper, 78–79 Spirit of the Times (New York), 33, 72, The Searchers, 234 89–91, 114 Secret Service, 33 The Spoilers, 223 Selig, William, 151 The Squaw Man, 15, 21, 79, 165, 191, Sells-Floto Circus, 146 198–199, 201–206, 202 (fig. 20), Selwyn’s Theatre (Boston), 95 222, 226–227, 231, 233 Seymour, Harry, 86 The Squaw Man’s Son, 206 Shakespeare, William, 12–13, 72, 74 Stagecoach, 40, 124, 169, 233

index 279

Standard Theatre (New York), 112, 117 Theatre Culture in America, 8 Star Theatre (New York), 220 Théâtre des Arts (Paris), 217 Starr, Frances, 213, 214 (fig. 21) Theatrical Syndicate, 37, 167, 191 Stevens, John A., 66 Third Avenue Theatre (New York), Stewart, Jimmy, 16, 72, 154 101, 199 Stone, John Augustus, 27–28 Thomas, Augustus, 15, 165, 172–175, Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 105 184–186, 188–191, 196, 223, 229, The Streets of New York, 68 233 Strongheart, 165, 199–200, 203, 227, 229, Thompson, A. Sisson, 88, 105, 107, 231, 233 111 A Struggle for Gold, 199 The Three Guardsmen, 68, 74 Stuart, Ralph, 172 The Three Musketeers, 68 Studley, John B., 52–54, 67, 80 The Three of Us, 10, 14, 21, 165, 212, Suderman, Hermann, 102 222–223, 224 (fig. 23), 226 Sue, 177, 179 (fig. 17), 192 Through Fire, 120, 126 Sullivan, Arthur, 112 The Tigress of the West, 77 Sun Dance, 169, 171–172 Tobacco Road, 204 Sunset Mines, 199 The Tom Mix Circus and Wild West, Swarthout, Gladys, 215 152 Szasz, Margaret Connell, 147 Tosca, 211 Toscanini, Arturo, 211 Tally-Ho! 101 touring companies, 6, 12, 20, 66, The Taming of the Shrew, 210 136–138, 177, 190 Tayleure, Clifton W., 4, 20, 83 The Trail of the Lonesome Pine, 192 Taylor, Tom, 182 The Trapper, 162 Taylor, William “Buck,” 143, 151 The Trapper’s Daughter, 62, 64, 86; see Teal, Ben, 177 also Life on the Border telegraph, 19, 85, 227 Trilby, 102 transcontinental, 17 Trimble Opera House (Albany, N.Y.), used in plays, 23, 33, 43, 153, 169, 171, 34 183–184, 226 A Trip to Chinatown, 181 Teller, Henry M., 171 Trumbull, A. R., 86 Templeton, Fay, 220 The Truth, 184 Tennant, Barbara, 118 Tully, Richard Walton, 212 Tennessee’s Pardner, 177 Tumbleweeds, 205 “Tennessee’s Partner,” 135, 229 Turner, Frederick Jackson, 164–165 Terry, Ellen, 144 Tutt, Dave, 59–60, 131, 228 The Texan Avenger, 154 Twain, Mark, 1–2, 19, 42, 67, 72, 74, 80, Texas Jack’s Wild West Circus, 152 88, 90–92, 144, 174, 229 A Texas Ranger, 199 Twenty Days; or, Buffalo Bill’s Pledge, A Texas Steer; or, Money Makes the Mare 62, 66 Go, 181, 191 Two Little Vagabonds, 156

280 index

Two Men of Sandy Bar, 89–91, 94, 119, Wallack, Lester, 79 212, 227 Wallack’s Theatre (New York), 32–33, The Two Orphans, 95 78, 201 Wallick, James H., 15, 38, 128–131, 133, Ulmer, Lizzie May, 136 134 (fig. 13), 136, 138, 231 Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 105 Walnut Street Theatre (Philadelphia), Under the Gaslight, 38, 52, 169 112 Under Two Flags, 210 Walter, Eugen, 213 The Unforgiven, 113 Walthall, H. B., 218 (fig. 22) Union Square Theatre (New York), 89, Walton, Gladys, 119 92, 95, 119–120 War of 1812, 26, 85 Utah War, 31–32, 228 The Warrens of Virginia, 200 Warwick, J., 75 Van Buren, Mabel, 211 Warwick, Robert, 176 Vance, Elmer, 182–183 Watch and Wait; or, Through Fire, see Velez, Lupe, 206 Through Fire Victoria, Queen of England, 144–145, A Watch on the Rhine, 216 149–150 Wayne, John, 15, 191 Vidor, Florence, 197 Weathersby, Eliza, 173 The Vigilantes; or, The Heart of the Weber, Joe, 30, 220 Sierras, 120 Welsh, Herbert, 178 Villa, Pancho, 191 The Wept of Wish-Ton-Wish, 28–29 villains, 4–5, 23, 30–32, 52, 54, 59, 66, 69, Wep-ton-no-mah, the Indian Mail 76, 84, 100, 108, 127, 130–132, 162, Carrier, 138, 157, 160, 163, 227 166, 172, 175, 183–184, 189, 195, The Western Girl, 198 201, 205, 211, 219, 220, 222, The Westerner, 157 225–226, 230–231 Westley, John, 224 (fig. 23) Vincent, Charles, 125 Weston, Maggie, 79 The Virginian, 165, 192, 193 (fig. 19), 194, Whalley, William H., 52 196–198, 205, 231–233 Wheeler, Andrew C. “Nym Crinkle,” Viva Vance; or, Saved from the Sioux, 99 65 When We Were Twenty-One, 176 Voegtlin, William, 46 Whipple, Henry B., 178 Von Behren, Annie, 84 White, Baco, 203 Von Leer, Sara, 138, 156 The White Eagle, 206 White Hair; or, The Last of the Modocs, The Waif of Smith’s Pocket, see M’liss 85 Walch, Garnet, 160, 162 The White Man, 206 Waldron, Nelse, 143, 149 The White Slave, 126 Wallace, J. J., 81 Widmer, Kate Mayhew, see Mayhew, Wallack, James, 79 Kate

index 281

The Wife, 168 Wister, Owen, 1, 15, 165, 185, 192–198, Wild America Company, 150, 160 193 (ﬁg. 19), 205, 227 Wild Bill, King of the Border Men, 63, The Witching Hour, 190 80, 138; see also Life on the Border Woman Hungry, 220 Wild Bill; or, Life on the Border, 81; see Wood, N. S., 78–79, 87, 138 also Life on the Border Woods, Al, 211 The Wild Bunch, 113, 163 Woods, Walter, 220 Wild Cat Ned, 85 Wood’s Museum and Theatre (New Wild Ned, 77 York), 19, 24, 36, 43, 47, 70–71, Wild West shows, 5, 137, 150–153, 163, 75, 80, 85–86, 119 227, 229–230 “The Work on Red Mountain,” 104 Williamson, J. C., 99 World (Boston), 58 Wilmeth, Don, 25 Wounded Knee, 18, 146, 149, 151, 178 Wilson, Charles L., 2, 52 Windsor Castle (England), 145 Yellow Hand, see Hay-o-wei Windsor Theatre (New York), 66, Young, Brigham, 31 128–129, 133, 136, 157 Younger, Cole, 132 Winslow, Herbert H., 198 Younger brothers (Cole, Jim, Robert, Winter, J. P., 81, 138 and John), 127 Winter, William, 207, 210 Wirth Brothers’ Circus, 152 Zara, 118