DOCSLIB.ORG

Asymmetric Synthesis of Α-N,N-Dialkylamino Alcohols by Transfer Hydrogenation of N,N-Dialkylamino Ketones

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Asymmetric Synthesis of Α-N,N-Dialkylamino Alcohols by Transfer Hydrogenation of N,N-Dialkylamino Ketones Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica ñ Drug Research, Vol. 67 No. 6 pp. 717ñ721, 2010 ISSN 0001-6837 Polish Pharmaceutical Society ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS OF α-N,N-DIALKYLAMINO ALCOHOLS BY TRANSFER HYDROGENATION OF N,N-DIALKYLAMINO KETONES TOMASZ KOSMALSKI Department of Organic Chemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie-Sk≥odowska 9, 85-067, Bydgoszcz, Poland Keywords: β-amino alcohols, Noyori`s catalyst, asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) β-Amino alcohols are important physiological- instrument. MS spectra were recorded on an AMD ly active compounds (1, 2a,b), also used as ligands 604 spectrometer. Optical rotations were measured (3, 4), and precursors of oxazaborolidines (5). on an Optical Activity PolAAr 3000 automatic Various methods for their asymmetric synthesis, polarimeter. GC analyses were performed on a such as the reduction of α-functionalized ketones Perkin-Elmer Auto System XL chromatograph, with hydrides (6, 7), catalytic hydrogenation of HPLC analyses were performed on a Shimadzu LC- amino ketones (8), reduction with borane/oxaza- 10 AT chromatograph. Melting points were deter- borolidines (9, 10), and other approaches (11ñ13) mined in open glass capillaries and are uncorrected. have been developed. However, the existing meth- Elemental analyses were performed by the ods are not ideal. For example, chiral β-chloro Microanalysis Laboratory, Institute of Organic hydrins, obtained by the reduction of α-chloro Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa. ketones, can be transformed into β-amino alcohols Silica gel 60, Merck 230ñ400 mesh was used for by treatment with secondary amines, however, mix- preparative column chromatography. Macherey- tures of isomers are sometimes formed (14). Nagel Polygram Sil G/UV254 0.2 nm plates were Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (15, 16) used for analytical TLC. (ATH) of functionalized ketones is a new alternative RuCl[(R,R)-TsDPEN](η-p-cymene) was pre- η to the above mentioned methods (17). Recently, a pared from [RuCl2( -p-cymene)]2 and (1R,2R)-N-p- highly enantioselective ATH of α-imidazole-substi- tolylsulfonyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine tuted acetophenone was reported (18, 19). (TsDPEN) according to the literature (14, 20). Continuing my earlier work on ATH of α-dialkyl- amino ketones, this study extends the ATH with formic 2-(Dimethylamino)-1-phenylethanone (1) acid/triethylamine 5 : 2, catalyzed with RuCl[(R,R)- Prepared from 1-phenyl-2-bromoethanone and TsDPEN](p-cymene), to β-dimethylaminopropiophe- dimethylamine in benzene/diethyl ether, 12 h, room none and γ-dimethylaminobutyrophenone, representa- temperature, 60% yield, b.p. 76ñ78OC/0.5 mmHg. tives of β- and γ-dialkylamino ketones. [Lit. (17, 21) 130ñ132OC/20 mmHg]. 1H NMR (300 δ MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): 2.38 (s, 6 H, CH3), 3.76 (s, 2 EXPERIMENTAL H, CH2), 7.45 (tm, J = 7.2 Hz, 2 H, CH), 7.56 (tt, J = 7.2 Hz, J = 1.5 Hz, 1 H, CH), 7.99 (ddd, J = 7.2 Materials and methods Hz, J = 2.1 Hz, J = 1.5 Hz, 2 H, CH). 13C NMR (75 Experiments with air sensitive materials were MHz, CDCl3, d, ppm): 45.83 (2◊CH3), 65.61 1 13 carried under argon atmosphere. H and C NMR (CH2N), 128.09 (2◊CH), 128.53 (2◊CH), 133.16 spectra were recorded on a Varian Gemini 200 mult- (CH), 135.99 (C), 196.84 (CO). IR: 1677 cm-1, CO inuclear instrument and on a Bruker AMX 300 MHz (liquid film). * Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected] 717 718 TOMASZ KOSMALSKI 1-Phenyl-2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethanone (2) 3.5 h, room temperature, yield 64%, hydrochloride, Prepared from 1-phenyl-2-bromoethanone and m.p. 98ñ100OC [lit. m.p. 100OC (17, 23)]. 1H NMR O δ piperidine in benzene/diethyl ether, 9 h, 45 C, 79% (300 MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): 2.37 (s, 6 H, CH3), 3.72 O yield, b.p. 110ñ112 C/0.3 mmHg [lit. (17, 21) (s, 2 H, CH2), 3.92 (s, 3 H, OCH3), 3.93 (s, 3 H, O 1 δ 134ñ136 C/1 mm Hg]. H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, , OCH3), 6.86 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1 H, CH), 7.55 (d, J = ppm): 1.45 (quin., J = 5.4 Hz, 2 H, CH2), 1.64 (quin., 2.2 Hz, 1 H, CH), 7.66 (dd, J = 2.2 Hz, J = 8.2 Hz, 13 δ J = 5.4 Hz, 4 H, CH2), 2.53 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 4 H, CH2), 1 H, CH). C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): 3.77 (s, 2 H, CH2N), 7.44 (tm, J = 7.5 Hz, 2 H, CH), 45.72 (2◊NCH3), 55.97 (OCH3), 56.03 (OCH3), 7.56 (tt, J = 7.5 Hz, J = 1.5 Hz, 1 H, CH), 8.02 (dm, 65.30 (CH2), 110.09 (CH), 110.53 (CH), 122.80 13 δ J = 7.2 Hz, 2 H, CH). C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3, , (CH), 129.38 (C), 149.10 (C), 153.44 (C), 195.40 ppm): 23.96 (CH2), 25.77 (2 ◊ CH2N), 54.83 (2◊CH2), (CO). 65.32 (CH2N), 128.14 (2◊CH), 128.44 (2◊CH), 133.05 (CH), 136.23 (C), 196.85 (CO). 3-(Dimethylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one (6) Prepared from 3-chloropropiophenone and 2-(Dimethylamino)-1-(2-naphthyl)ethanone (3) dimethylamine in diethyl ether with addition of Prepared from 1-(2-naphthyl)-2-bromoethan- sodium iodide, reflux 48 h, yield 72%, b.p. one and dimethylamine in diethyl ether, ñ10OC, 30 78ñ83OC/1 mmHg [lit. b.p. 94ñ97OC/7 mmHg (24)]. 1 δ min., room temperature 4 h, yield 86%, hydrochlo- H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): 2.29 (s, 6 H, O O ride m.p. 215ñ217 C [lit. (17, 22) m.p. 216ñ217 C]. CH3), 2.76 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2 H, CH2), 3.60 (t, J = 7.2 1 δ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): 2.44 (s, 6 H, Hz, 2 H, NCH2), 7.46ñ7.57 (m, 3 H, CH), 7.97 (dm, 13 δ CH3), 3.91 (s, 2 H, NCH2), 7.54 (td, J = 7.5 Hz, J = J = 7.4 Hz, 2 H, CH). C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3, , 1.5 Hz, 1 H, CH), 7.60 (td, J = 7.5 Hz, J = 1.5 Hz, ppm): 36.71 (CH2), 45.32 (CH3), 54.19 (NCH2), 1 H, CH), 7.82ñ7.92 (m, 2 H, CH), 7.96 (dm, J = 8.7 127.84 (2 ◊ CH), 128.40 (2◊CH), 132.84 (CH), Hz, 1 H, CH), 8.04 (dd, J = 8.7 Hz, J = 1.8 Hz, 1 H, 136.76 (C), 198.85 (CO). CH), 8.54 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1 H, CH). 13C NMR (75 δ MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): 45.73 (2◊CH3), 65.53 4-(Dimethylamino)-1-phenylbutan-1-one (7) (NCH2), 123.76 (CH), 126.62 (CH), 127.64 (CH), Prepared from 4-chlorobutyrophenone and 128.25 (CH), 128.35 (CH), 129.48 (CH), 129.62 dimethylamine in benzene with addition of sodium (CH), 132.34 (C), 133.22 (C), 135.52 (C), 196.66 iodide, reflux 48 h, yield 52%, b.p. 86ñ88OC/1 (CO). mmHg [lit. b.p. 122ñ125OC/0.5 mmHg (25)]. 1H δ NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): 1.91 (quin., J = 1-(Naphthalen-2-yl)-2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethanone (4) 7.2 Hz, 2 H, CH2), 2.24 (s, 6 H, CH3), 2.37 (t, J = Prepared from 1-(2-naphthyl)-2-bromoethan- 7.2 Hz, 2 H, CH2), 3.03 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2 H, NCH2), one and piperidine in diethyl ether with catalytic 7.45 (tdd, J = 7.2 Hz, J = 1.8 Hz, J = 1.5 Hz, 2 H, amount of sodium iodide (0.1 g), 4 h, room tempera- CH), 7.55 (tdd, J = 7.5 Hz, J = 1.8 Hz, J = 1.2 Hz, ture, yield 73%, m.p. 80ñ82OC [lit. (22) m.p. 84OC]. 1 H, CH), 7.98 (tdd, J = 7.5 Hz, J = 1.8 Hz, J = 1.5 1 δ 13 δ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): 1.46 (m, 2 H, Hz, 2 H, CH). C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): CH2), 1.65 (m, 4 H, CH2), 2.56 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 4 H, 22.08 (CH2), 36.16 (CH2), 45.34 (CH3), 58.91 NCH2), 3.88 (s, 2 H, CH2), 7.51 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1 H, (NCH2), 127.95 (2◊CH), 128.44 (2◊CH), 132.81 CH), 7.53 (td, J = 6.6 Hz, J = 1.2 Hz, 1 H, CH), 7.58 (CH), 136.98 (C), 200.05 (CO). (td, J = 6.6 Hz, J = 1.2 Hz, 1 H, CH), 7.65 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1 H, CH), 7.95 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H, CH), 8.05 (R)-(ñ)-2-(Dimethylamino)-1-(phenyl)ethanol (dd, J = 8.7 Hz, J = 1,8 Hz, 1 H, CH), 8.57 (s, 1 H, (1a): typical procedure 13 δ CH). C NMR (50 MHz, CDCl3, , ppm): 23.93 To a solution of 1 (1.63 g, 10 mmol) in ethyl η (CH2), 25.79 (2◊CH2), 54.87 (2◊NCH2), 65.53 acetate (5 mL), RuCl[(R,R)-TsDPEN]( -p-cymene) (NCH2) 123.94 (CH), 126.55 (CH), 127.63 (CH), (25 mg, 0.025 mmol, S/C 400:1), triethylamine (0.1 128.12 (CH), 128.27 (CH), 129.50 (CH), 129.73 mL), and an azeotropic mixture of formic acid-tri- (CH), 132.37 (C), 133.52 (C), 135.49 (C), 196.89 ethylamine 5 : 2 (2.5 mL) were added under argon at (CO).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Psychedelic Resource List.Pdf
    A Note from the Author… The Psychedelic Resource List (PRL) was born in 1994 as a subscription-based newsletter. In 1996, everything that had previously been published, along with a bounty of new material, was updated and compiled into a book. From 1996 until 2004, several new editions of the book were produced. With each new version, a decrease in font size correlated to an increase in information. The task of revising the book grew continually larger. Two attempts to create an updated fifth edition both fizzled out. I finally accepted that keeping on top of all of the new books, businesses, and organizations, had become a more formidable challenge than I wished to take on. In any case, these days folks can find much of what they are looking for by simply using an Internet search engine. Even though much of the PRL is now extremely dated, it occurred to me that there are two reasons why making it available on the web might be of value. First, despite the fact that a good deal of the book’s content describes things that are no longer extant, certainly some of the content relates to writings that are still available and businesses or organizations that are still in operation. The opinions expressed regarding such literature and groups may remain helpful for those who are attempting to navigate the field for solid resources, or who need some guidance regarding what’s best to avoid. Second, the book acts as a snapshot of underground culture at a particular point in history. As such, it may be found to be an enjoyable glimpse of the psychedelic scene during the late 1990s and early 2000s.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Book Sacred Journeys As
    Sa cred Jour neys: ©2015, 2016, 2017 Artscience Im ages: authors and friends, com pany and press pic- tures, PhotoDisc, Corel, Wikipedia, Mindlift Beeldbankiers. Dis tri bu tion: Boekencoöperatie Nederland u.a. email: [email protected] www.boekcoop.nl www.boekenroute.nl (webshop) All rights re served, in clud ing dig i tal re dis tri bu tion and ebook First editiion: De cem ber 2015, Sec ond, ap pended edition April 2016 Third edition Jan. 2017 ISBN 9789492079091 pub lisher: Onderstroomboven Collectief im print: Artscience. Pa perback price € 6,95 Con tents 1 Pre fa ce 7 2 Tripping: the process 10 Journey to the dream 10 The pre pa ra ti on 11 Pha ses, gig gling 13 Iso la ti on, li mi na li ty, the dark 14 Peak 19 Sit ters: de sig na ted hel pers 22 The mys ti cal, re gres si on 26 Rebirth and de ath 27 The end of the trip: co ming down 28 Over sti mu la ti on 29 The af ter-ef fects 30 3 Set and Set ting 32 Agen da 33 Pla ce 34 With whom, with what? 34 Bon ding and trans fe ren ce 35 Dif fe rent ways of using 36 4 Pur po se 37 Dee per goals 38 Over co ming fear 40 To le ran ce 41 5 Ri tu als and Group ses sions 42 He a ling jour neys, mys ti cal in sights 44 Me di cal use 45 Re pe ti ti on, loops 46 Stages of a ritu al 49 Ri tes of pas sa ge: ini ti a ti on 50 Contact – alignment - group mind 52 Struc tu re amidst cha os 54 To copy an existing ritu al or to crea te somet hing new 54 6 Sanc tu a ry, safe spa ce 57 Sa fe ty first 57 Sa cred spa ce, tem po ra ry au to no mous zone 58 Hol ding spa ce and cir cle in te gri ty 61 7 His to ry
    [Show full text]
  • D. M. Turner - Table of Contents
    Sssshhhh!! Don't blow our Cover!! file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/All%20Users/Docume...r%20-%20the%20essential%20psychedelic%20guide/cover.html4/14/2004 9:40:08 PM D. M. Turner - Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Publication Information Foreword to the HTML Edition - by Forbidden Donut Introduction A Brief History of Psychedelics - From the Creation of Gods to the Demise of Psychedelic Reverence in Modern Times Psychedelic Safety - Understanding the Tools I - Traditional Psychedelics LSD - Molecule of Perfection Psilocybin Mushrooms - The Extraterrestrial Infiltration of Earth? Mescaline: Peyote & San Pedro Cactus - Shamanic Sacraments II - Empathogens Ecstasy - The Heart Opening Psychedelic 2C-B - The Erotic Empathogen III - Exotic Highs of a Connoisseur DMT - Candy for the Mind file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/All%20Users/Doc...%20-%20the%20essential%20psychedelic%20guide/toc.html (1 of 2)4/14/2004 9:40:34 PM D. M. Turner - Table of Contents Harmala Alkaloids - Link to the Ancient Spirits Ketamine - The Ultimate Psychedelic Journey Multiple Combinations - Cosmic Synergism Further Explorations - Where do we go from Here? DMT ~ Water Spirit - A Magical Link Psychedelic Reality - CydelikSpace Bibliography Purchasing The Essential Psychedelic Guide Back Cover Text file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/All%20Users/Doc...%20-%20the%20essential%20psychedelic%20guide/toc.html (2 of 2)4/14/2004 9:40:34 PM D. M. Turner - Publication Information The Essential Psychedelic Guide - By D. M. Turner First Printing - September 1994 Copyright ©1994 by Panther Press ISBN 0-9642636-1-0 Library of Congress Catalog registration in progress Printed in the United States of America Cover art by Nick Philip, SFX Lab Illustrations on pages 31, 41, 45, and 59 by P.B.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Phytochemical Profiling of Coryphantha Macromeris
    molecules Article Phytochemical Profiling of Coryphantha macromeris (Cactaceae) Growing in Greenhouse Conditions Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Emmanuel Cabañas-García 1, Carlos Areche 2, Juan Jáuregui-Rincón 1 , Francisco Cruz-Sosa 3,* and Eugenio Pérez-Molphe Balch 1 1 Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; [email protected] (E.C.-G.); [email protected] (J.J.-R.); [email protected] (E.P.-M.B.) 2 Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800024, Chile; [email protected] 3 Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina C.P., 09340 Ciudad de México, Mexico * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +52-555-804-4600 (ext. 2846) Academic Editor: Brendan M Duggan Received: 25 January 2019; Accepted: 14 February 2019; Published: 15 February 2019 Abstract: Chromatographic separation combined with mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the characterization of plant metabolites because of its high sensitivity and selectivity. In this work, the phytochemical profile of aerial and radicular parts of Coryphantha macromeris (Engelm.) Britton & Rose growing under greenhouse conditions was qualitatively investigated for the first time by means of modern ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-PDA-HESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS). The UHPLC-PDA-HESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS analysis indicated a high complexity in phenolic metabolites. In our investigation, 69 compounds were detected and 60 of them were identified. Among detected compounds, several phenolic acids, phenolic glycosides, and organic acids were found. Within this diversity, 26 metabolites were exclusively detected in the aerial part, and 19 in the roots.
    [Show full text]
  • EEG and Behavioral Effects in Animals of Some Amphetamine Derivatives with Hallucinogenic Properties
    BEHAVIORAL BIOLOGY, 7, 401-414 (1972), Abstract No. 1-39R EEG and Behavioral Effects in Animals of Some Amphetamine Derivatives with Hallucinogenic Properties V. FLORIO, J. A. FUENTES, H. ZIEGLER and V. G. LONGO Laboratori di Chimica Terapeutica, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy A study on the central effects of four methoxy-substituted ampheta- mines, of myristicin, and of macromerine has been carried out using rats, rabbits, and cats bearing chronically implanted electrodes. In the rat and in the rabbit the amphetamine derivatives gave rise to a syndrome consisting of a mixture of depression and excitation. Activation of the EEG occurred after small doses of all the drugs, while high doses induced the appearance of spikes and, in some instances, of a grand mal seizure. In the rat, neurovegetative disturbances (vasodilatation) and ejaculation were observed with some of the compounds. Myristicin and macromerine influenced only slightly the EEG and the behavior. The cats, which were trained to an instrumental reward discrimination response, proved to be the most sensitive animal to the effect of these substances. The four amphetamine derivatives, in appropriate dosage, blocked conditioned behavior and caused bizarre behavioral ("hallucinatory") patterns. The behavioral alterations were in- dependent from the modifications of the EEG. A clear-cut EEG activation has been observed only after DOM, while the other derivatives caused a mixed tracing and, with higher doses, synchronization. The correlation between the central activity of these compounds in the various animal species tested in these experiments and their hallucinogenic properties in man indicate that the conditioned cat is the best suited animal for research in this field, since a good relationship exists between the order of potency in disrupting the conditioned response and the human data.
    [Show full text]
  • 誌上発表（原著論文） Summaries of Papers Published in Other Journals（Original Papers）
    ２０６ 国立医薬品食品衛生研究所報告 第１２９号（２０１１） 誌上発表（原著論文） Summaries of Papers Published in Other Journals（Original Papers） Sugiyama, K., Muroi, M., Tanamoto, K., Nishijima, M., response mediator protein-2（CRMP-2 ; 61 kDa）de- Sugita-Konishi, Y. : Deoxynivalenol and nivalenol creased in the late stages of the disease, while the inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide amount of its truncated form（56 kDa）increased to production by mouse macrophage cells comparable levels observed for the full-length form. Toxicol. Lett., 192, 150-154（2010） Detailed analysis by liquid chromatography-electrospray Deoxynivalenol（DON）and nivalenol（NIV）,tricho- ionization-tandem mass spectrometry showed that the thecene mycotoxins, are secondary metabolites produced 56-kDa form（named CRMP-2-C）lacked the sequence by Fusarium fungi. Trichothecene mycotoxins cause from serine518 to the C-terminus, including the C- immune dysfunction, thus leading to diverse responses terminal phosphorylation sites important for the regula- to infection. The present study evaluated the effect of tion of axonal growth and axon-dendrite specification in DON and NIV on nitric oxide（NO）production by RAW developing neurons. The invariable size of the mRNA 264 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide（LPS）. LPS- transcript in Northern blot analysis suggested that the induced NO production was reduced in the presence of truncation was due to post-translational proteolysis. these toxins. The transcriptional activation and expres- By overexpression of CRMP-2-C in primary cultured sion of inducible NO synthase（iNOS）by LPS were also neurons, we observed the augmentation of the develop- repressed by these toxins. DON or NIV inhibited LPS- ment of neurite branch tips to the same levels as for induced expression of interferon-beta（IFN-beta）,which CRMP-2T514A/T555A, a non-phosphorylated mimic of plays an indispensable role in LPS-induced iNOS the full-length protein.
    [Show full text]
  • Gnostic Garden Catalogue Issue 11
    Welcome to the Gnostic Garden, an ethnobotanical dedicated seed bank and plant nursery and herbarium offering a specially selected range of entheogenic, esoterically significant and chemically novel seeds, plants, cacti & herbs for your cultivation, conservation and study. We also offer for distribution the renowned ‘Trout’s Notes’ series of publications. These are an excellently written, very comprehensive and informative series of publications covering a range of entheobotanical areas in detail. They are an absolute must for any serious ethnobotanist or researcher containing a great wealth of details information ranging from botany & horticulture to anthropology, chemistry and dense tabled reference material. If you are on the internet please take some time to visit our web site at www.gnosticgarden.com Along with an up-to-date stock information and online credit card ordering we also have a free selection of articles and research papers on various aspects of ethnobotany and entheogens plus over three hours of Real Audio talks and lectures by Richard Evan Schultes, Alexander Shulgin and Dale Pendell on various aspects of Ethnobotany. Through the site we also maintain a monthly newsletter which can be subscribed to on the home page and features details of latest stock additions and web site content updates along with any other relevant info we think you might find interesting. Another major feature of the web site is our Ethnobotany Discussion Boards, a bulletin board forum system to allow you and others the chance to exchange information on all aspects of Ethnobotany. Forums include Anthropology, Horticulture, Plant Chemistry and Usage and Manipulations of Plant Compounds and more .
    [Show full text]
  • Medical Contraindications with Ayahuasca
    Medical Contraindications with Ayahuasca Our priority is your safety and well being, and to guide you to personal healing and growth. During the booking process you will be asked to fill out a medical questionnaire. Please be as forthcoming as possible when answering the questions. If any potential medical contraindications are present, we will inquire further to ensure your safety. By registering for a program, you are declaring that you are in physical and mental condition appropriate to the activities described in the workshop program, that you agree to participate at your own risk, and that we cannot accept liability for any accident or injury. We will provide the most secure environment to work with ayahuasca as possible and ensure your welfare to the best of our abilities, at all times. In return, we ask that you behave responsibly and do not endanger yourself or others. General Medical Precautions Working with ayahuasca can carry health risks; it is necessary that you disclose any known heart, liver, kidney, pancreatic, or other serious medical condition, and/or use of any medication at the time of booking. Those with diabetes or a hepatic conditions must first consult with the Temple and provide more information about the condition. If you have a heart condition or chronic high blood pressure you cannot be accepted for a program. People with tuberculosis must not take ayahuasca. It is not considered safe to drink ayahuasca when you are pregnant. Please contact us before making a reservation to discuss your particular case. Although ayahuasca has not been found to cause psychosis or other psychiatric disturbances, it can be dangerous to those with a history of psychological conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Medical Guidelines Important Medical Precautions
    Safety at the Ceremonies & Medical Guidelines Important Medical Precautions Ricardo has many years of experience in holding medicine events and knows the safe use of Ayahuasca in its traditional context. Please note that in certain cases working with Ayahuasca can carry health risks: if you have any heart, liver or kidney, or other serious medical problems, you should inform us at the first opportunity, and discuss the issues with a doctor who is aware of the issues Ayahuasca may raise. Our priority is your safety and well-being, within the events guiding you to personal healing and growth. We will provide the most secure environment to work with Ayahuasca we possibly can, and will ensure your welfare as best we can at all time. In return we ask that you behave responsibly and do not endanger yourself or others. It is necessary that you agree to disclose, in confidence, any known medical conditions and/or use of any medication, at the time of booking. By coming to the medicine event, you are declaring that you are in a physical and mental condition appropriate to the activities described in the dietary and medical guidelines, and agree that you participate at your own risk and that we cannot accept liability for any accident or injury. Certain drugs and medications have been found to not be compatible with Ayahuasca. It is essential to stop taking the following substances, and give your system sufficient time to remove them from the body, before you begin a workshop. Please consult your doctor if you are in any doubt: you certainly should not suddenly stop taking prescribed medications (including antidepressants) without consulting your doctor.
    [Show full text]
  • The Journal of Organic Chemistry 1972 Volume.37 No.5
    VOLUM E 37 MARCH 10, 1972 NUMBER 5 J O C E A H THE JOURNAL OF Organic C h e m i s t r y * PUBLISHED BIWEEKLY BY THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY t h e j o u r n a l o f O rganic Chem istry Published, biweekly by the American Chemical Society at 20th and Northampton Streets, Easton, Pennsylvania EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: FREDERICK D. GREENE Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 SENIOR EDITORS W e h n e r H e r z J a m e s A. M o o r e M a r t i n A. S c h w a r t z Florida State University University of Delaware Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida Newark, Delaware Tallahassee, Florida ASSISTANT EDITOR: T h e o d o r a W. G r e e n e BOARD OF EDITORS R o n a l d C . D . B r e s l o w C h a r l e s H . D e P u y J a m e s A. M a r s h a l l E d w a r d C . T a y l o r J o s e p h F . B u n n e t t J a c k J. F o x J a m e s C . M a r t i n D a v i d J . T r e c k e r C l i f f o r d A.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction (Pdf)
    Dictionary of Natural Products on CD-ROM This introduction screen gives access to (a) a general introduction to the scope and content of DNP on CD-ROM, followed by (b) an extensive review of the different types of natural product and the way in which they are organised and categorised in DNP. You may access the section of your choice by clicking on the appropriate line below, or you may scroll through the text forwards or backwards from any point. Introduction to the DNP database page 3 Data presentation and organisation 3 Derivatives and variants 3 Chemical names and synonyms 4 CAS Registry Numbers 6 Diagrams 7 Stereochemical conventions 7 Molecular formula and molecular weight 8 Source 9 Importance/use 9 Type of Compound 9 Physical Data 9 Hazard and toxicity information 10 Bibliographic References 11 Journal abbreviations 12 Entry under review 12 Description of Natural Product Structures 13 Aliphatic natural products 15 Semiochemicals 15 Lipids 22 Polyketides 29 Carbohydrates 35 Oxygen heterocycles 44 Simple aromatic natural products 45 Benzofuranoids 48 Benzopyranoids 49 1 Flavonoids page 51 Tannins 60 Lignans 64 Polycyclic aromatic natural products 68 Terpenoids 72 Monoterpenoids 73 Sesquiterpenoids 77 Diterpenoids 101 Sesterterpenoids 118 Triterpenoids 121 Tetraterpenoids 131 Miscellaneous terpenoids 133 Meroterpenoids 133 Steroids 135 The sterols 140 Aminoacids and peptides 148 Aminoacids 148 Peptides 150 β-Lactams 151 Glycopeptides 153 Alkaloids 154 Alkaloids derived from ornithine 154 Alkaloids derived from lysine 156 Alkaloids
    [Show full text]
  • Pharmacognosy
    PHARMACOGNOSY Hallucinogens, Narcotics and Common Poisonous Plants Dr. Raman Dang Professor Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy Hosur Road, Opp. Lalbagh main Gate Bangalore – 560 027 (12-9-2007) CONTENTS Hallucinogens Examples of Plant Hallucinogens Narcotics Opium Poisonous Plants Examples of Poisonous Plants 1 Hallucinogens Introduction: Hallucinogens are natural and synthetic (synthesized) substances that, when ingested (taken into the body), significantly alter one's state of consciousness. Hallucinogenic compounds often cause people to see (or think they see) random colors, patterns, events, and objects that do not exist. People sometimes have a different perception of time and space, hold imaginary conversations, believe they hear music and experience smells, tastes, and other sensations that are not real. The other names of hallucinogens are Cartoon acid, Microdot, California sunshine, Psilocybin, Magic mushrooms. Many types of substances are classified as hallucinogens, solely because of their capacity to produce such hallucinations. These substances are sometimes called "pyschedelic," or "mind- expanding" drugs. They are generally illegal to use in the United States, but are sometimes sold on the street by drug dealers. A few hallucinogens have been used in medicine to treat certain disorders, but they must be given under controlled circumstances. Hallucinogens found in plants and mushrooms were used by humans for many centuries in spiritual practice worldwide. Unlike such drugs as barbiturates and amphetamines (which depress or speed up the central nervous system, respectively) hallucinogens are not physically addictive (habit-forming). The real danger of hallucinogens is not their toxicity (poison level), but their unpredictability. The actual causes of such hallucinations are chemical substances in the plants.
    [Show full text]