Learning from Taching China — The March Toward Modernization Reconstructs VOL. XXVI NO. 9 SEPTEMBER 1977 • f- ? * s kN 'Q VOL. XXVI NO. 9 SEPTEMBER 1977 PUBLISHED MONTHLY IN ENGLISH, FRENCH, SPANISH, ARABIC AND RUSSIAN BY THE CHINA WELFARE INSTITUTE (SOONG CHING LING, CHAIRMAN) CONTENTS Chairman Moo Memorial Hall Building Completed 2 Hua Kuo-feng as a Political Instructor of a Guerrilla Unit Wang Ko-hung and Wu Tzu-hai 6 A New Phase in Learning from Taching Chung Ping 9 Stamps of New China: Industry Learns from Taching; Commemorating Yenan Talks 35th Anni versary 13 Notes on Taching Getting Oil at High Speed 14 Worker-Peasant Villages 21 The Story of Iron Man Wang 24 Revolutionary and Poet — Notes on 'Selected Poems of Chen Vi' Tung Sung 28 Making Tropical Plants Serve Socialism Tsai Hsi-tao 30 The Arts Liberated Wen Yi 35 Cultural Wotes; Foreign Artists Tour China 38 With the Earthquake Orphans 40 Sports; Tai Chi Chuan for Everyone 42 Geography of China: The Turfan Basin — China's Lowest, Hottest Spot 44 Language Corner: 47 Lesson 7: Autumn in Peking For Advanced Students: Dragon Beard Ditch Today COVER PICTURES: Front: Wu Chuan-ching, promoted from leader of Drill Team 1202 to vice-chairman of the Drilling Headquorters Revolutionory Committee, works on the derrick whenever he can. Back: New look of Yenan (woodcut) Ku Yuan Inside front: Singing of our happy life. Inside back: Spray-irrigating wheat fields in the Tsuichiaa commune, Honan province. Editorial Office: Woi Wen Building, Peking (37). China. Coble:. "CHIRECON" Peking. General Distributor: GUOZI SHUDIAN, P.O. Box 399, Peking, China. Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, viewed (rom the soulh. Chairman Mao Memorial Hall Buildins The memorial hall for sion to build a memorial hall in ed in China through to the end. On Chairman Mao Tsetung stands which Chairman Mao's body would November 24 Chairman Hua in at the southern part of Tien An 'be preserved in a coffin of crystal augurated the construction, filling Men Square in the heart of Peking, so that future generations would in the earth around the foundation with the Monument to the People's be able to see it. The site would stone. Six months later the build Heroes on its north, and on its be a reminder of his unequaled ing was completed. south Chien Men, the old city's contribution to the founding and The hall is 33.6 meters high and great front gate. building of the new China, a place 105 meters square. Its base is a In October 1976 the Party Cen where from his memory the people four-meter-high two-tiered plat tral Committee headed by Chair could draw strength to carry the form faced with red granite, man Hua Kuo-feng passed a deci proletarian revolution he pioneer a special product of Shihmien CHINA RECONSTRUCTS man Hua Kuo-feng's handwriting. The walls of the haU are faced with buff granite. Design and coloring, which stress national characteristics, are in harmony with the other buildings in the square. Staff Reporter Completed Flanking the approaches to the northern and southern entrances county, Szechuan province. The The flat roof with two tiers of are four group sculptures of work base, which extends beyond the golden-yellow tile cornices is sup ers, peasants and soldiers. Between building itself, is surrounded by ported by granite pillars ris the southern entrance and Chien carved white marble balustrades ing from the base, 12 on each Men, 30 red flags —15 on either with designs of the wan nien ching side. Beneath the cornice between side of the square and one for each evergreen plant in bas-relief. This the pillar capitals are glazed cream of the 30 provinces, municipalities is meant to symbolize the Chinese tiles with a sunflower design. The and autonomous regions of the people's determination to keep the marble blocks above the northern People's Republic of China — rep red state founded by Chairman and southern entrances are emboss resent the idea of the people of Mao firm as the rock and long- ed with the gold characters "Chair each place holding aloft the banner living as the evergreen plant. man Mao Memorial Hall" in Chair of Mao Tsetung Thought in their SEPTEMBER 1977 forward march. The surroundings one of the rocks from the summit. A retired carpenter htoed Chu are landscaped with pines, cedars The Uighurs of Yutien county, Chiu-sung in faraway Yunnan and cherry, pomegranate and kum- Sinkiang, sent a 106-kg. piece of province boarded a train with his quat trees. white marble. A newly married tool box, traveled six days to get couple, both workers in Yingkou, to Peking and headed straight for Contributions for the Hall Liaoning province, sent the gold the worksite where he put in vol During the construction the ring from their wedding. In the unteer labor for many days. worksite headquarters received letter with it they said that the "Chairman Mao saved me from a letters from people all over the gold could represent only a frac bitter life," he said. "Now I want country offering their services. tion of their deep feeling. From to pay tribute to his memory by Tangshan, where people are re helping to build this hall." Twelve PLA soldiers guarding building their homes after the So great was the number of peo an island outpost in the Yellow severe earthquake, came soil from ple requesting to work on the site Sea sent 12 large glistening white their fields. The people of the old that many were allowed to put in oval stones in a wooden box wrap revolutionary base Yenan sent only half an hour or ten minutes. ped in red cloth, with a letter earth from Date Orchard where Long or short, it was an unforget- asking to have the stones set Chairman Mao once lived and able experience for evei*yone. somewhere around the hall as a water from the Yenho River. symbol of them standing watch for Chairman Mao and their These tokens, symbols of the Nationwide Support people's deep feeling for Chairman determination to defend the The 18 provinces, municipalities country. Mao, have been put to good use. and autonomous regions called up Peasants of Han, Tibetan and Yi During the construction thou on to supply the building materials nationality in the Anshunchang sands of people came day,and night and equipment sent their best, and commune on the Tatu River in to do volunteer labor. There were the railroads turned on the green Szechuan province sent 17 bricks veterans of the Red Army who had light all the way for transporting of polished stone in white, buff been on the Long March with them. Quarrying of the granite, and green, When the Red Army Chairman Mao, and of the Eighth marble and stone needed to pave under Chairman Mao passed Route Army who had fought thousands of square meters were through this area on its Long against Japanese aggression, cen done in a very short time. March in the thirties, 17 young tral and municipal leaders, combat Camphorwood from the south soldiers of the advanced unit had heroes and labor models. AH dele was needed. Peasants of Miao ferried across the river in the thick gates to the national conferences and Tung nationality in Kweichow of enemy fire to open the way. on learning from Tachai and Ta- province went into the mountains PLA men stationed on the Fu- ching did a stint on the site. Even and selected the trees one by one. kien province coast sent bottled old people and children came and Among them was a 200-year-old sea water and sand from Taiwan worked. Stonecutters, carvers, car camphor tree in Chinping county. Strait. The mountaineers who penters and artists from different Red Armymen had stood guard scaled the world's highest peak, places wrote to the construction under this tree when the troops Qomolangma Feng, in 1975 sent headquarters offering theh skills. passed through the place on its Wang Hsueh-11 (third from right) studies a People of China's minority iiaiioiialifics construction plan with workers and cadres. doing volunteer labor on the memorial. CHINA RECONSTRUCTS Long March, A Red Army an should express the wisdom and nouncement calling on the Miao greatness of Chairman Mao and his people to rise and fight the Kuo- unparalleled service and closeness mintang reactionaries and signed to the people, It should also show "Mao Tsetung, Chaii-man of the the love and respect of the Chinese Central Soviet Government, and people and the revolutionary peo Chu Teh, Commander-in-Chief of ple of the world. The designers' the Chinese Workers' and Peas collective effort and encourage ants' Red Army" had once been ment in the form of letters from pasted on this tree. After libera workers, peasants and soldiers and tion it was named the "Red Army draft drawings sent in by technical tree". Now the peasants felled it personnel enabled them to finish and sent it to Peking. In its place the design for the entire project they erected a monument in two months ahead of schedule. memory of Chaii*man Mao. Construction of the building In factories where orders had went on through one of Peking's been placed, priority was given to coldest winters and difficulties building the several thousand were many, but work proceeded at pieces of machinery and equip a record pace. ment to be installed in the hall. Strictest control guaranteed top One of the outstanding workers quality. The Karamai Oil Refinery on the site was Wang Hsueh-li of in Sinkiang produced a special Peking Construction Company No.