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BILLING CODE 3510-33-P DEPARTMENT of COMMERCE Bureau of Industry and Security 15 CFR Part 744 [Docket No. 210617-0134] RIN 0694
This document is scheduled to be published in the Federal Register on 06/24/2021 and available online at BILLING CODE 3510-33-P federalregister.gov/d/2021-13395, and on govinfo.gov DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Bureau of Industry and Security 15 CFR Part 744 [Docket No. 210617-0134] RIN 0694-AI56 Addition of Certain Entities to the Entity List AGENCY: Bureau of Industry and Security, Commerce ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This final rule amends the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding five entities to the Entity List. These five entities have been determined by the United States Government to be acting contrary to the foreign policy interests of the United States and will be listed on the Entity List under the destination of the People’s Republic of China (China). DATE: This rule is effective [INSERT DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER]. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Chair, End-User Review Committee, Office of the Assistant Secretary, Export Administration, Bureau of Industry and Security, Department of Commerce, Phone: (202) 482-5991, Email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background The Entity List (supplement no. 4 to part 744 of the EAR) identifies entities reasonably believed to be involved in, or to pose a significant risk of being or becoming involved in, activities contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States. The Export Administration Regulations (EAR) (15 CFR parts 730-774) impose additional license requirements on, and limit the availability of most license exceptions for, exports, reexports, and transfers (in country) to listed entities. The license review policy for each listed entity is identified in the “License review policy” column on the Entity List, and the impact on the availability of license exceptions is described in the relevant Federal Register document adding entities to the Entity List. -
Uyghur Dispossession, Culture Work and Terror Capitalism in a Chinese Global City Darren T. Byler a Dissertati
Spirit Breaking: Uyghur Dispossession, Culture Work and Terror Capitalism in a Chinese Global City Darren T. Byler A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2018 Reading Committee: Sasha Su-Ling Welland, Chair Ann Anagnost Stevan Harrell Danny Hoffman Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Anthropology ©Copyright 2018 Darren T. Byler University of Washington Abstract Spirit Breaking: Uyghur Dispossession, Culture Work and Terror Capitalism in a Chinese Global City Darren T. Byler Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Sasha Su-Ling Welland, Department of Gender, Women, and Sexuality Studies This study argues that Uyghurs, a Turkic-Muslim group in contemporary Northwest China, and the city of Ürümchi have become the object of what the study names “terror capitalism.” This argument is supported by evidence of both the way state-directed economic investment and security infrastructures (pass-book systems, webs of technological surveillance, urban cleansing processes and mass internment camps) have shaped self-representation among Uyghur migrants and Han settlers in the city. It analyzes these human engineering and urban planning projects and the way their effects are contested in new media, film, television, photography and literature. It finds that this form of capitalist production utilizes the discourse of terror to justify state investment in a wide array of policing and social engineering systems that employs millions of state security workers. The project also presents a theoretical model for understanding how Uyghurs use cultural production to both build and refuse the development of this new economic formation and accompanying forms of gendered, ethno-racial violence. -
Prospects on Drip Irrigation Development in Xinjiang, China
Prospects on Drip Irrigation Development in Xinjiang, China Shalamu Abudu1, Zhuping Sheng1, Jiancun He2, Chunliang Cui2, Bayinmengke2 1.Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at El Paso, 1380 A&M Circle, El Paso, TX 79927-5020; PH (915) 859-9111; FAX (915) 859-1078; e-mail: [email protected] 2.Xinjiang Water Resources Research Institute, No. 73 Hongyanchi North Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang China, Phone: 86-991-8565833, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. China’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region is one of the extreme arid regions in the world and has been suffering from severe water scarcity problems for decades. In the last 20 years, application of drip irrigation technique has been expanded rapidly in the region from zero hectare in early 1990s to more than three million hectares at present which accounts for approximately half of the cultivated area of the region. While the widespread adoption of drip irrigation temporarily addressed the water scarcity issues and improved the crop production, it brought issues that should be addressed and resolved in the near future to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture and food safety in the region. This paper summarized the current status, and identified problems and challenges that widespread adoption of drip irrigation has brought to the agriculture production and environment at a regional scale. A number of technological and policy solutions were also identified through the study and several integrated water management strategies were proposed for the sustainable agricultural production and environmental protection in the region. Key words: Drip Irrigation, Adoption, Development, Arid Region, Xinjiang 1. -
Hydrological and Climatic Changes in Deserts of China Since the Late Pleistocene
Quaternary Research 73 (2010) 1–9 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/yqres Hydrological and climatic changes in deserts of China since the late Pleistocene Xiaoping Yang a,⁎, Louis A. Scuderi b a Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 9825, Beijing 100029, China b Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, MSC032040 Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA article info abstract Article history: Large areas in western China were wetlands or less arid between 40 and 30 ka, corresponding to the Received 6 April 2009 “Greatest Lake Period” on the adjacent Tibetan Plateau. During the last glacial maximum, some of these Available online 17 November 2009 western Chinese deserts again experienced wetter conditions; however, at the same time the sandy lands in the eastern Chinese desert belt experienced an activation of aeolian dunes. While interpretations of the mid- Keywords: Holocene environment in the deserts of China are controversial, it is quite likely that it was more humid not Dune only in the eastern areas influenced by monsoon climate systems but also in the western deserts where Desert Lacustrine record moisture is currently associated with westerlies. Evaluation of lacustrine records in the lakes recharged by Late Quaternary dryland rivers and the complex interactions of these systems, as well as other paleoenvironmental proxies Holocene such as the Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae ratio, should be interpreted with greater caution. Facing the China highlighted uncertainties in our understanding of climate changes in Chinese deserts, it is hoped that this special issue will improve our knowledge considerably. -
Uyghur Religious Freedom and Cultural Values Under Siege
.•.WORLD ♦ ._ It"◊ UNAEPRUltNT'ED UYGHUR • ~ • NATIONS A PEOPU:S rnmmm • • ORGANIZATION I \ HIH 111! \\'- , I< Jlt, 11 )II< I CONGRESS ~ -~ ♦ • • ♦ unpo.(?1'9 Uyghur Religious Freedom and Cultural Values Under Siege 26 February 2018 10:30 am - 12:30 pm Cannon House Office Building Room 121 Washington, DC 20515 U You're invited to join the Uyghur Human Rights Project on February 26th 2018 at 1.0:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. in the Cannon House Office Building, Washington, D.t. RSVP here ATEventbrite.com Religious freedom and cultural values are under siege in East Turkestan, the homeland of the Uyghurs. Advanced technologies are being deploye·d against the Uyghurs in the name of security, creating what amounts to the world's most advanced police state, with serious implications for the future of China. and the world. Chinese authorities consider religious diversity a threat to the country's stabili~d, as~: result, implement an autocratic monopoly over freedom of religion. The Uyghurs' language ar@'.cu1tur~} are also being systematically marginalized and actively suppressed by the Chinese government. l:i.oder tti'e" pretense of "antHerrorism", Chinese authorities crackdown ruthlessly on Uyghur communit~ actii~;. East Turkestan, depriving them of their fundamental human rights. Under the pretense of thel1:,culfore and religious practice being a security threat, a security crackdown has intensified in recent moFiths, with more than 1;10,000 of Uyghurs being detained in re-education camps, study abroad students beliig forced_ to return home for political assessment, with widespread political campaigns and militarizatio~reatin~ a climate of fear. -
The Special Status of Turfan
SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 186 March, 2009 The Special Status of Turfan by Doug Hitch Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series edited by Victor H. Mair. The purpose of the series is to make available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including Romanized Modern Standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. The only style-sheet we honor is that of consistency. Where possible, we prefer the usages of the Journal of Asian Studies. Sinographs (hanzi, also called tetragraphs [fangkuaizi]) and other unusual symbols should be kept to an absolute minimum. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. -
A2Z About China
A2Z about China CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com Agriculture & Irrigation • 1st world wide in farm output • Largest producer of Rice. Also produces Wheat, Potatos, Sorghum, Peanuts, Tea, Millet, Barley, Cotton, Oil seed, Pork, Tobacco and fish. • China accounts for 1/3rd of total fish production of world. • 15% of total area is cultivated • 13% GDP is from agriculture • 76.17% population is engaged in agriculture • Total Irrigated area 53.8 ha • Dujiangyan irrigation infrastructure built in 256 BC by the Kingdom of Qin, located in Min River in Sichun. It is still in use today to irrigate over 5,300 square kilometers of land in the he Dujiangyan along with the Zhengguo Canal in Shaanixi Privince & Lingqu Canal in Guangxi Province are known as “The three greatest hydraulic engineering projects of the Qin Dynasty • Turpan water system called as karez water system located in the Turpan Depression, Xinjiang, China is also as one of the 3 greatest water projects • China is believed to have more than 80000 Dams • The Three Gorges Dam is the world's larges power station in terms of installed capacity of 21000 MW CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 2 Budget, Taxation & GDP • GDP US$ 9.872 Trillion • Individual Income tax highest slab 45% • Corporate Income Tax highest slab 25% • Yearly 9.79 trillion yuan • Major 8 type of taxes categorised as Income tax, Resource Tax, Special purpose tax, custom duty, property tax, Behaviour tax, Agriculture tax, Turnover tax . CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 3 Capital & Major Cities • Capital – Beijing • Major cities – Shanghai, Tianjin, Hong Kong, Chongqing, Wuhan, Harbin, Shengyang, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Xian, Changchun, Dalian. -
Loanwords in Uyghur in a Historical and Socio-Cultural Perspective (1), DOI: 10.46400/Uygur.712733 , Sayı: 2020/15, S
Uluslararası Uygur Araştırmaları Dergisi Sulaiman, Eset (2020). Loanwords in Uyghur in a Historical and Socio-Cultural Perspective (1), DOI: 10.46400/uygur.712733 , Sayı: 2020/15, s. 31-69. LOANWORDS IN UYGHUR IN A HISTORICAL AND SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE (1) [Araştırma Makalesi-Research Article] Eset SULAIMAN* Geliş Tarihi: 01.04.2020 Kabul Tarihi: 13.06.2020 Abstract Modern Uyghur is one of the Eastern Turkic languages which serves as the regional lingua franca and spoken by the Uyghur people living in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) of China, whose first language is not Mandarin Chinese. The number of native Uyghur speakers is currently estimated to be more than 12 million all over the world (Uyghur language is spoken by more than 11 million people in East Turkistan, the Uyghur homeland. It is also spoken by more than 300,000 people in Kazakhstan, and there are Uyghur-speaking communities in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, India, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Mongolia, Australia, Germany, the United States of America, Canada and other countries). The Old Uyghur language has a great number of loanwords adopted from different languages at different historical periods. The loanwords come from sources such as ancient Chinese, the ancient Eastern Iranian languages of Saka, Tocharian and Soghdian of the Tarim Basin. Medieval Uyghur, which developed from Old Uyghur and Karakhanid Turkic, is in contrast to Old Uyghur, is a language containing a substantial amount of Arabic and Persian lexical elements. Modern Uyghur was developed on the basis of Chaghatay Turki, which had also been heavily influenced by Arabic and Persian vocabularies. -
Turismo Fluviale E I Musei Dell'acqua in Cina
Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Sviluppo Interculturale dei Sistemi Turistici Tesi di Laurea Turismo Fluviale e i Musei dell’Acqua in Cina Relatore Ch. Prof. Francesco Vallerani Laureanda Sara Cinquetti Matricola 851125 Anno Accademico 2019/2020 1 2 Rivers are fascinating places, exhibiting both natural charm and usefulness for a vast array of human activities. Throughout history, rivers have been used as transport routes, as food sources and in more recent times as places to visit and play. (Prideaux, Cooper, 2009) « Il devrait y avoir beaucoup de gens satisfaits à bord des bateaux, car mener pareille vie, c’est à dire à la fois voyager et rester chez soi » (Robert L. Stevenson, “En canoë sur les rivières du nord de la France”, 1951) 3 4 INDICE INTRODUZIONE 8 CAP. 1 – IL TURISMO FLUVIALE 10 1.1 I fiumi come opportunità insediative 10 1.2 I fiumi come sistemi viari 13 1.3 Vie d’acqua ed evoLuzione deL paesaggio 15 1.4 IL ruoLo dei canaLi artificiaLi 18 1.5 Turismo SostenibiLe, ResponsabiLe e Slow 20 1.5.1 Turismo SostenibiLe 20 1.5.2 Turismo ResponsabiLe 21 1.5.3 Turismo Slow 23 1.6 Turismo FLuviaLe 24 CAP. 2 – GLOBAL NETWORK OF WATER MUSEUM 28 2.1 L’acqua e L’IHP 28 2.2 IL Progetto 30 2.2.1 IL ruoLo dei Musei deLL’Acqua contro Le crisi 32 2.2.2 Missioni e Obiettivi deL GLobaL Network 33 2.3 IL Network 34 2.4 SER (SDGs, Education, Research) 37 2.4.1 SustainabLe DeveLopment GoaLs (SDGs) 37 2.4.2 Education 42 2.4.3 Research 44 2.5 Partecipazioni 47 2.6 Altri eventi in Cina 50 2.6.1 Great Rivers Forum 50 CAP. -
China COI Compilation-March 2014
China COI Compilation March 2014 ACCORD is co-funded by the European Refugee Fund, UNHCR and the Ministry of the Interior, Austria. Commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Division of International Protection. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it endorse, its content. Any views expressed are solely those of the author. ACCORD - Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation China COI Compilation March 2014 This COI compilation does not cover the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau, nor does it cover Taiwan. The decision to exclude Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan was made on the basis of practical considerations; no inferences should be drawn from this decision regarding the status of Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan. This report serves the specific purpose of collating legally relevant information on conditions in countries of origin pertinent to the assessment of claims for asylum. It is not intended to be a general report on human rights conditions. The report is prepared on the basis of publicly available information, studies and commentaries within a specified time frame. All sources are cited and fully referenced. This report is not, and does not purport to be, either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, or conclusive as to the merits of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Every effort has been made to compile information from reliable sources; users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. -
Countermeasure Analysis on Promoting Drinking Water Safety in Shanshan County, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China
water Article Countermeasure Analysis on Promoting Drinking Water Safety in Shanshan County, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China Weiwei Shao 1 ID , Jiahong Liu 1,* ID , Haixing Zhang 2, Dianyi Yan 1 and Weijia Li 3 1 State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; [email protected] (W.S.); [email protected] (D.Y.) 2 North China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. Beijing Branch, Beijng 100081, China; [email protected] 3 School of Urban Planning and Environmental Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-10-6878-1936 Received: 30 June 2018; Accepted: 30 July 2018; Published: 2 August 2018 Abstract: In recent years, China has paid an increasing amount of attention to improving urban and rural drinking water safety, an important aspect of building a healthy and stable society. This study analyzed countermeasures to promote drinking water safety in Turpan City of Shanshan County, in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region. First, we considered the current state of drinking water safety in Shanshan, including issues such as pollution, outdated water treatment technologies, leakage in the water supply pipe network, insufficient emergency management capability in urban areas, and low water supply guarantee rates in rural areas due to poor construction standards. Second, the quantity of guaranteed water resources was estimated; on this basis, an ideal distribution of regional water plants and water supply network needs for the optimal allocation of water resources is suggested. Third, a water purification program was developed to solve untreated water quality problems, including centralized and decentralized water quality treatments alongside intelligent water flow control processes. -
Minimum Wage Standards in China August 11, 2020
Minimum Wage Standards in China August 11, 2020 Contents Heilongjiang ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Jilin ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 Liaoning ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ........................................................................................................... 7 Beijing......................................................................................................................................................... 10 Hebei ........................................................................................................................................................... 11 Henan .......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Shandong .................................................................................................................................................... 14 Shanxi ......................................................................................................................................................... 16 Shaanxi ......................................................................................................................................................